Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Mil-Std-188-125-2, High-Altitude Emp Protection For Transportable Systems

George H Baker

This standard establishes minimum requirements and design objectives for high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) hardening of transportable1 ground-based systems that perform critical, time-urgent command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C4I) missions. Systems required to fully comply with the provisions of the standard will be designated by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a Military Department Headquarters, or a Major Command.

The standard prescribes minimum performance requirements for low-risk protection from mission-aborting damage or upset due to HEMP threat environments. The standard also addresses minimum testing requirements for demonstrating that prescribed performance has been achieved and for verifying that the installed protection measures …

Space Charge Structure Of A Glow Discharge In The Presence Of A Longitudinal Inhomogeneity, Frank A. Tersigni

Theses and Dissertations

A survey of space charge structures arising due to inhomogeneities in glow discharges was conducted. Space charge structures associated with tube geometries, the cathode sheath, striations, and shockwaves were examined. Space charge effects on the Electron Energy Distribution Function (EEDF) were explored for a geometric inhomogeneity using an approximate nonlocal solution to the one dimensional Boltzmann equation after Godyak. The approximate solution partially captured qualitative aspects of space charge effects on the EEDF. Simplification of collisional effects and adaptation of an approximate electric field restricted quantitative comparisons with experimental data. It is recommended that any future analysis of space charge …

Incorporating Scene Mosaics As Visual Indexes Into Uav Video Imagery Databases, Timothy I. Page

Theses and Dissertations

The rise of large digital video archives has strengthened the need for more efficient ways of indexing video files an accessing the information contained in them. Reconnaissance platforms, such as the Predator UAV, are contributing thousands of hours of video footage that require analysis, storage, and retrieval. A process is proposed for converting a video stream into a series of mosaic and selected still images that provide complete coverage of the original video. The video mosaic images can be utilized as visual indexes into a video database. In addition, mosaic images contain information from an entire sequence of video frames …

Target Pose Estimation From Radar Data Using Adaptive Networks, Andrew W. Learn

Theses and Dissertations

his research investigates and extends recent work by J.C. Principe at the University of Florida in target pose estimation using adaptive networks. First, Principe's technique is successfully extended to estimate both azimuth and elevation using SAR images. A network trained and tested using MSTAR data yields mean errors of less than six degrees in azimuth and five degrees in elevation. Second, the technique is applied to high-range resolution radar (HRR) signatures. Ground target (azimuth only) testing yields mean errors of less than 11 degrees for most classes. Air target testing for networks trained and tested on the same aircraft class …

Analysis Of The Applicability Of Video Segmentation To Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveillance Video, Bradley L. Pyburn

Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this research is to determine if applying edge detection segmentation (proposed by Ramin Zabih, Justin Miller, and Kevin Mai) to Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) video footage can provide meaningful segments for database storage and retrieval. The edge detection segmentation algorithm is applied to fifty-four UAV video sequences containing visual effects such as abrupt camera changes, camera zooms, motion (rapid and gradual), and cloud cover while varying the frame rate from 5 fps to 30 fps. An analysis of the results is performed to compare actual versus expected outcomes, similar sequences, and scenes with motion, along with explaining …

Graphical User Interface And Microprocessor Control Enhancement Of A Pseudorandom Code Generator, John M. Kos

Theses and Dissertations

Modern digital communication techniques often require the generation of pseudorandom numbers or sequences. The ability to quickly and easily produce various codes such as maximal length codes, Gold codes, Jet Propulsion Laboratory ranging codes, syncopated codes, and non-linear codes in a laboratory environment is essential. This thesis addresses the issue of providing automated computer control to previously built, manually controlled hardware incorporating the Stanford Telecom STEL-1032 Pseudo-Random Number (PRN) Coder. By incorporating a microcontroller into existing hardware, the STEL-1032 can now be conveniently controlled from a MATLAB Graphical User Interface (GUI). The user can quickly create, save, and recall various …

Trade-Off Analysis Of Communications Capabilities Of Inter-Satellite Links, Andrew J. Feltman

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis designs, develops, and uses software Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to analyze the communications capabilities of Radio Frequency (RF) Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs). The GUIs are geared towards analyzing the proposed ISLs of the Discoverer II program, but are general enough to permit analysis of any free-space RF ISLs. Discoverer II is a demonstration program of low-earth orbiting satellites and is primarily focused on satellite-based sensor technology. This thesis shows RF ISLs can meet the program requirement to broadcast the sensor data back to CONUS in near-real-time. The GUIs operate in real-time and explore trade-offs in the communications capability by …

Kinetic Study Of Electrooxidation Of Benzene, Xinsheng Ding Ping Zhang, Yingchun Dai, Weikang Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

A reaction kinetic study for electrochemical oxidation of benzene was performed on a PbO 2 rotating disk electrode in 1 mol/L H 2SO 4 aqueous solution. The reaction orders, the activation energies and transfer coefficient were measured, and the kinetic expression was obtained.

Synthesis And Application Of Polymeric Corrosion Inhibitor For Reinforced Concrete, Weiwei Lin, Shengxian Wang, Jianqing Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new polymer E Twas synthesized and used as a corrosion inhibitor for reinforced concrete. The inhibitive behavior and mechanism were studied with linear polarization ,Tafel polarization,EIS and XPS method in simulated pore solution system with concrete samples.The result showed that the polymer was a mixing type inhibitor. A 1% dosage was sufficient to imhibit the corrosion of steel in simulated pore solution system. The salt endurance was enhanced from 0.02 mol/L to 0.10 mol/L.The result also showed the good synergetic effect of NaNO 2,especially in low NaNO 2 concentration.The EIS showed that E_T has dual function on reinforced concrete,i.e.,densifying …

Structural And Electrochemical Studies On Todorokite/Vernadite As Cathodes For Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries, Wei Chu, Deyao Liu, Jinkua You, Yong Yang, Zugeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

XRD,TEM,ICP,low scan_rate CV and charge/discharge tests were carried out for the studies on the structural and electrochemical behavior of a prepared 3 V manganese oxide cathode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.XRD analysis revealed that the cathode sample is mainly composed of tunneled Todorokite and layered Vernadite.TEM investigation confirmed that the morphology of the sample is a laminated construction with approximate 10nm layer space.The reversibility of Li + removal/intercalation and structural stability of this sample framework to lithium insertion are good in CV and charge/discharge tests. The discharge capacities were found to be about 129mAh/g obtained on first 30 cycles and …

Studies Of Electrochemical Characteristics Of Pasted Nickel Hydroxide Electrode With Surface Deposited Cobalt, Xianyou Wang, Yunshi Zhang, Jie Yan, Zheng Zhu, Huatang Yuan, Deying Song

Journal of Electrochemistry

The surface of the spherical nickel hydroxide particles used as an active material in pasted nickel electrodes is surface_deposited with cobalt. This paper investigated the effects of the amount of cobalt deposit on the characteristics of nickel hydroxide electrode. The performances of the electrode, such as discharge capacity, utilization of active material and reversibility of Ni(OH) 2/NiOOH redox reaction, were studied by comparing the charging/discharging curves and cyclic voltammograms. The mechanism of action of cobalt deposits has been described in terms of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of nickel hydroxide electrode.

A New Cell Structure For Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Ming Han, Hongfeng Xu, Baolian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

Separating the functions of current collection and gas flow distribution and then to design two separate elements to achieve the desired performance characteristics,a nonconventional cell structure for proton exchange membrane fuel cells bave been developed.The current collector is achieved using a thin stain steel sheet,the gas flow distribution is achieved using a carbon paper that has the desired chemical durabiliy when in contact with the proton exchange membrane. Combining these two separate elements into a single divice yields a bifunctional device that performs as a bipolar separator plate. The advantages of this alternative appproach to making biplar plates are that …

Oxidation Mechanism Of Hypophosphite, Dongbai Sun, Ying Jin, Hongying Yu, Dejun Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

There exist two oxidation current peaks on the anodic polarization curve between -0.7 V and 0 V(SCE) in Na_hypophosphite solution. Peak Ⅰ (-0.55 V, SCE) , which represents the oxidation process from H 2PO - 2 to H 2PO - 3, has been studied previously. Peak Ⅱ, which is located at the potential about -0.4 V(SCE), is investigated emphatically in this paper. The results show that, peak Ⅰ and Ⅱ are corresponding to two successive steps in oxidation process of H 2PO - 2, i.e. peak Ⅱ corresponds to the oxidation process of adsorped (HPO 2) ads , an intermediate …

Exclusive Disjunctions In Indefinite And Maybe Information In Relational Databases, Taflan İ. Gündem

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Incorporating indefinite information into databases has been studied extensively. In this paper, we propose a structure called an E-table to represent maybe information and inclusive and exclusive disjunctions. We define the type of redundancies in E-tables and show how to eliminate them. Also we present an extended relational algebra to operate on E-tables. In this paper we expand the concepts and operations defined by Lin and Sunderraman [1] in order to accommodate exclusive disjunctions in relational databases.

Direct Current Glow Discharges In Atmospheric Air, Robert H. Stark, Karl H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

Direct current glow discharges have been operated in atmospheric air by using 100 μm microhollow cathode discharges as plasma cathodes. The glow discharges were operated at currents of up to 22 mA, corresponding to current densities of 3.8 A/cm² and at average electric fields of 1.2 kV/cm. Electron densities in the glow are in the range from 10¹² to 10¹³  cm⁻³. Varying the current of the microhollow cathode discharge allows us to control the current in the atmospheric pressure glow discharge. Large volume atmospheric pressure air plasmas can be generated by operating microhollow cathode discharges …

A Simple Formula Obtained Using Tabu Search Algorithm For The Radiation Efficiency Of A Resonant Rectangular Microstrip Antenna, Dervi̇ş Karaboğa, Keri̇m Güney

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A new simple formula for the radiation efficiency of a resonant rectangular microstrip patch antenna is presented. The formula is obtained by using a tabu search algorithm, which is a quite new optimization technique based on the principles of intelligent problem solving. The formula is valid for substrates with relative permittivities between 1 and 12.8 and for the complete range of thicknesses normally used. The results obtained by using this new simple formula are in conformity with those reported elsewhere. The formula can also be used in the calculation of the radiation efficiency of dipoles.

On The Global Stabilization Of Nonlinear Systems Via Switching Manifolds, Stephen P. Banks, Meti̇n U. Salamci, M. Kemal Özgören

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The global stabilization of nonlinear systems is investigated by using switching surfaces. The nonlinear system is forced to a lower order switching manifold, which is designed to be stable by construction. Thus, the stability of the reduced-order system is guaranteed and parameter selection for the switching surface is avoided. The method is extended to a class of uncertain nonlinear systems and exemplified with some fictitious dynamic models.

Multiple Stochastic Learning Automata For Vehicle Path Control In An Automated Highway System, Cem Unsal, Pushkin Kachroo, John S. Bay

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper suggests an intelligent controller for an automated vehicle planning its own trajectory based on sensor and communication data. The intelligent controller is designed using the learning stochastic automata theory. Using the data received from on-board sensors, two automata (one for lateral actions, one for longitudinal actions) can learn the best possible action to avoid collisions. The system has the advantage of being able to work in unmodeled stochastic environments, unlike adaptive control methods or expert systems. Simulations for simultaneous lateral and longitudinal control of a vehicle provide encouraging results

Effects Of Parasitic Elements On Oscillation Frequency Of Ota-C Sinusoidal Oscillators, Ari̇f Nacaroğlu, Ergun Erçelebi̇

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

An oscillator circuit which incorporates Operational Transconductance Amplifiers is presented. The circuit is designed using three OTAs and two grounded capacitors. The frequency of oscillation is tunable over a wide frequency range. The effects of the parasitic elements on the oscillation frequency and the oscillation condition are studied. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental results for a practical oscillator circuit.

Differentiating Type Of Muscle Movement Via Ar Modeling And Neural Network Classification, Beki̇r Karlik

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The aim of this study is to classify electromyogram (EMG) signals for controlling multifunction proshetic devices. An artificial neural network (ANN) implementation was used for this purpose. Autoregressive (AR) parameters of $a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4$ and their signal power obtained from different arm muscle motions were applied to the input of ANN, which is a multilayer perceptron. At the output layer, for 5000 iterations, six movements were distinguished at a high accuracy of 97.6%.

Thermoelastic And Photoelastic Full-Field Stress Measurement, Deonna Faye Woolard

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Photoelasticity is an optical technique that measures the difference of the principal stresses plus the principal stress direction. A complementary technique is thermoelasticity which measures the sum of the principal stresses. Combining these two full-field, non-contact nondestructive evaluation techniques allows the individual stress components to be measured. One of the main difficulties in merging these two measurement systems is in identifying an appropriate surface coating. Thermoelasticity demands a highly emissive surface, while photoelasticity requires a thick, stress-birefringent, transparent coating with a retro-reflective backing. Two coatings have been identified that can be used for combined thermoelastic and photoelastic stress measurements: PMMA …

Time-Resolved Reflection High-Energy Electron Diffraction Study Of The Ge(111)-C(2×8)-(1×1) Phase Transition, Xinglin Zeng, Bo Lin, Ibrahim El-Kholy, Hani E. Elsayed-Ali

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The dynamics of the Ge(111)-c(2×8)-(1×1) phase transition is investigated by 100-ps time-resolved reflection high-energy electron diffraction. A laser pulse heats the surface while a synchronized electron pulse is used to obtain the surface diffraction pattern. Slow heating shows that the adatoms in Ge(111)-c(2×8) start to disorder at ∼510 K and are converted to a disordered adatom arrangement at 573 K. For heating with 100-ps laser pulses, the Ge(111)-c(2×8) reconstructed adatom arrangement starts to disorder at 584±16K, well above the onset temperature of ∼510 K for the disordering of Ge(111)-c(2×8) observed for slow …

Surface Resistance Measurements Of Superconducting Niobium Samples With A Triaxial Cavity, Paul Martin Boccard

Physics Theses & Dissertations

This experimental study has revealed and investigated many of the physical issues that affect accurate measurement of the surface resistance for small samples consisting of superconducting niobium films on copper substrates. It is believed that this work provides the groundwork for future research directed towards solving this important problem. Accurate measurement of surface resistance for such samples is needed to allow the rapid evaluation and optimization of the deposition parameters necessary for manufacturing low-loss superconducting niobium films.

A superconducting niobium triaxial cavity was investigated to determine its suitability for measuring the residual surface resistance of copper samples that were sputter-coated …

Primary Research Of Reversible Proton Exchange Membrane Regenerative Fuel Cells, Zhigang Shao, Baolian Yi, Ming Han

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, we report the results of our studies on regenerative proton exchange membrane fuel cell(RPEMRFC) catalysts, electrode preparation and their performances. The Pt catalyst for the oxygen electrode was replaced by 60 w%Pt+40 w%IrO 2 which reduces polarization by 0.2 V in a polymer protone exchange membrane fuel cell. The cycle performance of RPEMRFC was found to be manly effected by the stability of the diffiusion layer of bifunctional oxygen electrode.

The Latest World Wide Progress In Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Jiang Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) is a novel, green electricity generation technology, which has been showing rapid development since 1980's. In light of its high efficiency, environmental friendly, fuel adaptability and long term stability, the Research, Development and Demonstration(RD&D) of this hype of full cell have been emphasized in a large number of developed countries. Based on the information communicated at the latest symposium on SOFC held last year in Aachen(Germany) and the knowledge gained through years of research in this field, a comprehensive review on the latest development of the tubular, this planar SOFC as well as on a number …

Drect Electro_Oxidation Synthesis Of D Arabinose On Spectroscopic Graphite Electrode, Hei Wei, Huang Ying

Journal of Electrochemistry

D Arabinose synthesized by direct electro_oxidative decarboxylation of D gluconate on graphite electrode from aqueous solutions. The effects of D gluconate concentration, electrolysis potential, temperature and electrolyte composition on the current efficiency and product yield of electrosynthsis are discussed. The laboratory scale electrosynthesis was achieved with flow through cell.The optimum technology conditions for electrosynthesis were obtained with orthogonal design method.Both galvanostatic and potentionstatic conditions have been exploited, the later was found to be more effective.

Study On Electrosynthesis Of Butyl Butyrate At Conducting Oxide Anode Support On Titanium, Junxiang He, Jincheng Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Synthesis of butyl butyrate by direct electroxidation of n butyl alcohol and the electrochemical behaviors of several selected conducting oxide electrodes (Pb/PbO 2、Ti/PbO 2、i/SnO 2 +Sb 2O 3 /PbO 2 and Ti/SnO 2+Sb 2O 3+PdO x/PbO 2) have been investigated. The results demonstrated that the intermediate layers of SnO 2、Sb 2O 3 and PdO x could significantly decrease the interfacial resistance of the electrodes,and that the Ti/SnO 2+Sb 2O 3+PdO x/PbO 2 electrode possessed better electrocatelytic performance than others.

A Preliminary Study Of The Synthesis Of Tin Based Amorphous Material And Its Behavior On Lithium Intercalation, Li Liu, Hanxi Yang, Jutang Sun, Xingping Ai

Journal of Electrochemistry

An amorphous lithium inserting anode material based on Tin oxide glass was synthesized by salification in solution and its properties on lithium intercalation was investigated by X ray diffraction(XRD), microelectrode voltammetry and charge discharge measurements. The results have shown that this kind of material has considerable electrochemical reversibility toward lithium intercalation deintercalation. The available discharge capacity of the material reaches 430 mA·h/g with charge_discharge efficiency over 90%, showing a great potential for practical use.

Studies Of Spinal Li 1+X Mn 2-X O 4 Rechargeable Lithium Ion Battery, Xiaomei Wu, Qinghe Yang, Zhongkao Jin, Haoqing Wu, Xiangfu Zong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The spinel Li intercalation compound Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4(0< x <1) was prepared by using techniques of cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical parameters of Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4 electrode vary as either the starting materials or the synthesis temperature changes. It was found that the initial capacity and reversible behaviors of the Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4 electrode depends on the amount of the excess Li, represented as x in Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4. The reversible of Li intercalation process for Li 1+ x Mn 2- x O 4 electrode was demonstrate by cyclic voltammograms.

Self-Enhancement Of Dynamic Gratings In Photogalvanic Crystals, Nickolai Kukhtarev, Sergei F. Lyuksyutov, Preben Buchhave, Tatiana Kukhtareva, K. Sayano, Partha P. Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We have developed a compact closed-form solution of the band transport model for high-contrast gratings in photogalvanic crystals. Our solution predicts the effect of the photoconductivity and the electric field grating enhancement due to the photogalvanic effect. We predict a pronounced dependence of the steady-state photogalvanic current on the contrast of the interference pattern and an increase of holographic storage time due to the enhancement of the photoconductivity grating contrast. In the high contrast limit and a large photogalvanic effect the refractive index grating will be shifted from the position of the intensity modulation pattern, contrary to the usually adopted …