Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Advisory Circular 150/5200-36. Qualifications For Wildlife Biologists Conducting Wildlife Hazard Assessments And Training Curriculums For Airport Personnel Involved In Controlling Wildlife Hazards On Airports, Edward C. Cleary

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

This Advisory Circular (AC) describes the qualifications for wildlife biologists who conduct Wildlife Hazard Assessments for airports certificated under Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 139 (14 CFR, Part 139). In addition, it addresses the minimum wildlife hazard management curriculum for the initial and recurrent training of airport personnel actively involved in implementing Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Wildlife Hazard Management Plans. Wildlife biologists conducting Wildlife Hazard Assessments or presenting training for airport personnel actively involved in implementing FAA approved Wildlife Hazard Management Plans at certificated airports must have professional training and/or experience in wildlife hazard management at airports …

Media Response Plans – The Forgotten Tools, John E. Ostrom

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

The Media Response Plan is an essential tool for any wildlife management program’s toolbox, and yet, is normally not thought about until after something unpleasant happens and the media are knocking at your door. Developing an effective Media Response Plan is critical to the success of your wildlife management program and provides any manager with the opportunity to be prepared for both proactive and reactive situations when dealing with the media.

Methodological Framework To Assess The Relative Threat Of Bird–Strikes In Colombian Airports., Juan David Amaya-Espinel, Sergio Córdoba-Córdoba, Guillermo Rico-Hernández

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

The likely risk of a bird-aircraft collision (bird-strike) in a given airport was assessed using a standard methodological evaluation of birds along the runaway to record data and spatial distribution of danger; and making a threat categorization. Contiguous quadrants of 200 X 200 meters were located along the runaway from one head to the other with a center point count at 100 m, in which all birds were recorded for 15 minutes, accounting for species identification, number of individuals (flock size), flight altitude from ground to > 1,000 m, flight direction including number of perpendicular crosses, and behavioral characteristics (flight, roosting, …

Birds Commuting Across The Runway: How To Reduce This Bird Strike Risk?, Albert De Hoon, Luit Buurma

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Not only birds residing at airports, but also birds commuting daily across the runways from and to places outside the airport boundaries, may pose a threat to departing and landing aircraft. Species such as gulls, geese, cormorants, ducks, flamingos, starlings and crows often have foraging sites that can be miles away from their breeding or roosting places. Dealing with those commuting birds that pass over airports on a daily basis is complicated because their roosting, breeding, and foraging sites do not belong to the airport’s property. The solution to the problem becomes even more complex when these sites are part …

Employing Bash At Westover Air Reserve Base, Massachusetts, Major Gary Cooke

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Westover Air Reserve Base (ARB) in western Massachusetts is home to 17 USAF C-5A Galaxy airlifters. The mammoth C-5, with a 222 foot wingspan and length of 247 feet, is the backbone of the U.S. Air Force airlift fleet. The 2,500-acre base is home to the largest single area of grassland in Massachusetts. The BASH program at Westover focuses mainly on the wildlife risk posed to the C-5, and is administered by the 439th Airlift Wing safety office. Airfield grasslands are host to two state-listed endangered/threatened bird species: the Grasshopper Sparrow and the Upland Sandpiper. To protect our airplanes from …

Real Birds Versus Whirly Birds: Bird Strikes To Civil Helicopters In The Usa, 1990-2005, Richard A. Dolbeer, Sandra E. Wright, Edward C. Cleary

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

To our knowledge, there has been no published analysis of bird strike data specific to helicopters. Our objective was to conduct a comparative analysis of strike reports involving helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft from the Federal Aviation Administration’s Wildlife Strike Database. From 1990-2005, 370 (0.6%) of the 64,734 reported bird strikes to civil aircraft involved helicopters. Of the 370 reported bird strikes involving helicopters, 186 (50%) indicated damage and 67 (18%) indicated substantial damage. In contrast, only 15% of bird strikes with fixed-wing aircraft resulted in damage and 4% resulted in substantial damage. Whereas helicopters accounted for only 0.6% of all …

Canada Goose Populations And Strikes With Civil Aircraft: Positive Trends For Aviation Industry, Richard A. Dolbeer, John L. Seubert

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Canada goose (Branta canadensis) populations in North America are subdivided into “migrant-goose” and “large-goose” populations. The “large-goose” populations consist primarily of flocks that are non-migratory (hereafter referred to as resident geese). Estimated migrant and resident geese numbers in the four flyways (Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and Pacific) are based on mid-winter or breeding period counts. The overall Canada goose population increased five fold from 1970 (1.08 million) to 2005 (5.01 million). Most of this overall increase was due to a 15-fold increase in the population of resident geese (from 0.2 to 3.4 million), especially during the 1990s when the …

Avian Influenza: What Field Biologists Should Know, Carla J. Dove, Marcy Heacker

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Because field biologists, airfield personnel, and those involved in bird strike prevention often handle blood and other tissue of avian origin, they need to understand the means of transmission and know effective ways to protect themselves and those that will be examining the remains for identification purposes. This poster will present up-to-date information on the HPAI H5N1 (Avian Flu) virus and provide details of how to safely handle bird remains. A list of websites and other information regarding safe handling of bird strike remains is provided.

Developing A Risk Rating System For Bird Strike Occurrences, Albert Froneman

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Bird strike reporting is becoming increasingly important as airport operators, airlines and government aviation authorities are requesting their staff to report all bird strike occurrences. In South Africa the Endangered Wildlife Trust has been managing an integrated bird and wildlife hazard management program at ten airports managed by the Airports Company South Africa for the past seven years. In an attempt to best understand the bird strike hazard at the various airports a bird strike definition has been adopted which includes the reporting of carcass remain retrieved from the runways through to the more serious incidents where damage was reported …

Evaluation Of Bird-Strike Risk In Two Colombian Airports: A Standard Methodology To Rank Species And Propose Management Priorities, Juan David Amaya-Espinel, Sergio Córdoba-Córdoba, Guillermo Rico-Hernández

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

We conducted avian evaluations at two Colombian airports to assess, through a standard methodology, the risk of bird strikes. Evaluations were conducted at “Aeropuerto Perales” (AP), Department of Tolima, 1030 m a.s.l. Tropical Dry Forest and, “Aeropuerto Palonegro” (APN), Department of Santander, 1188 m a.s.l. Humid Pre-mountain Forest. Forty-seven species of 12 different families, 3,998 individuals were encountered at AP through 1284 records. In contrast, 33 species of 16 families, 1,112 individuals in 396 records were found at APN. The Whispering ibis (Phimosus infuscatus) was the most abundant species with more than 50% of all individuals followed by the Black …

The Vectorial 3d Bird Flight Monitoring System: A New Tool To Track And Manage Birds On Airports, Raoul Tomassi

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Among the many sensors available to detect and track bird movement on airports, few provide a satisfactory capacity to both monitor bird flight and the capability to rapidly review, update, and improve monitoring capabilities. The Vectorial Three Dimension Bird Flight (V3DBF) Monitoring System has been developed to provide detection and analysis of bird movement using digital images and advanced image analysis technology. The sensor system is capable of identifying bird targets and using geometric relationships between sensors and the targets to identify the range and altitude of birds. The rapid refresh rate of the system allows horizontal and vertical tracking …

Nicarbazin: An Avian Reproductive Inhibitor For Pigeons And Geese, Christi A. Yoder, Michael L. Avery, Erick Wolf

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Nicarbazin (NCZ) is an anticoccidial drug routinely used in the poultry industry. When fed to laying hens, NCZ impacts reproduction by either reducing hatchability of eggs or reducing rate of egg laying. Initial laboratory tests were conducted with mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) to determine the efficacy of NCZ as a waterfowl contraceptive. Hatchability was 26% for mallards fed 34 mg NCZ/kg body weight (500 ppm in feed) for 14 days compared to 55% for control mallards. Based on these results, two field studies, one each in Oregon and Colorado, were conducted with Canada geese (Branta canadensis), which showed a 50-56% decrease …

Dna Identification Of Bird Strike Remains – Procedures And Technical Considerations., Nancy Rotzel

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

This poster presents the development of DNA techniques by the Smithsonian Institution Feather Lab to identify bird remains recovered from military and civil bird aircraft collisions (bird strikes). The following steps for molecular identification of forensic samples are explained: receipt of sample, extraction, amplification, sequencing, and final data analysis using computer software. Recommendations for collecting bird strike samples for DNA analysis are also discussed. This work compliments the continuing work of the Feather Lab by providing a molecular signature to verify bird strike samples that do not contain sufficient feather remains for morphological identification.

Bat Strikes: Past, Present, And Future, Suzanne C. Peurach

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

All but a few North American bats are insectivorous and weigh less than 35 g, but this diverse group of mammals also contains species with wingspans up to 2 meters and weighing a kg or more. Even small-bodied bats can cause considerable damage when encountered in swarms. When aircraft head into new territory and encounter strikes, the ability to identify the species of bat struck is paramount to preventing future strikes. Identifications of bats from fragmentary evidence are made by comparing samples recovered from aircraft with specimens housed in the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History. This collection, worldwide …

Bird Classification In Noisy Environments: Theory, Results And Comparative Studies, Y. Zhang, C. Kwan, D. Lao, Y. Deng

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 8th (2006)

Bird classification plays an important role in minimizing collisions between birds and aircraft. It is a challenging task to perform the sound-based classification correctly in a noisy environment. This paper addresses robust techniques that can improve the classification of bird in noisy environments. A complete recognition system is described and evaluated on a bird sound database containing 1547 bird sound files, with 11 bird species. Two types of features were extracted from the sound files: Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (Mfcc) and RelAtive SpecTrAl (RASTA). Also, two statistical classifiers were developed using Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) and Hidden Markov Models (HMM), …

Mansfield Ct: Planning A New Village Center, Maggie Jones, Richard Barringer

Planning

The case follows the development of a plan for a new village center in Storrs, the central village of Mansfield, Connecticut. A process that was transparent and inclusive of the community members yielded a plan that gained the approval of the Town, the landowner (the University of Connecticut), and the citizenry. The process relied on the mending of fences, the leadership of key participants, and an innovative strategy that included development of a nonprofit corporation and creative use of grant money. While zoning changes are still in the works, the first stage of building goes forward.

Augusta Me: The New Bridge Begets A New Planned Neighborhood, Molly Pulsifer, Richard Barringer

Planning

Construction of a new Third Bridge over the Kennebec River in Augusta offered the prospect of a new and handsome gateway to the city. Further, the resulting change in traffic patterns offered the City the chance to plan for a pattern of development quite different from what the city had experienced for the past half-century. The case study describes the planning and construction of the new bridge and corridors that re-routed traffic out of Augusta’s downtown and older neighborhoods, and created the opportunity for planned development adjacent to the corridor created by the new bridge. It goes on to describe …

Strike One- You're Out!

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Wildlife management and habitat modification at airports can help eliminate or greatly reduce collisions between aircraft and birds or other wildlife. This leaflet provides the aviation community with information on how the Federal Government can help with these life-threatening problems.

Factors Contributing To Dust Emissions In Clark County, Nevada Quarterly Progress Report: Period Ending July 15, 2006, Margaret N. Rees

Dust Emissions from Public Lands

• Hiring of post-doctoral scholar is currently being finalized.

• Modification to task agreement has been processed.

Scwds Briefs: Volume 22, Number 2 (July 2006 )

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

SCWDS BRIEFS
July 2006
USDA Publishes Final CWD Rule
Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) Herd Certification Program and Interstate Movement of Farmed or Captive Deer
International Avian Influenza Conferences
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses
HPAI H5N1
Two New NIH Grants & Three New Grad Students
Trypanosoma cruzi
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Dr. Susan Little
Borrelia lonestari
Southern Tick- Associated Rash Illness (STARI)
Amblyomma americanum, the lone star tick
Dr. Michael Yabsley
Protozoal Epidemics Among Frogs in Georgia
Rana heckscheri
Perkinsus-like protozoan
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Parasite & Disease Problems in Mourning Doves
West Nile virus
Ascardia columbae
Trichomonas gallinae …

Refuge Update – July/August 2006, Volume 3, Number 4

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:
Taking the Bighorns Home, page 9
Focus on . . . Transportation, page 10-18
Living and Learning the Desert, page 21
Studying Bats, Coast to Coast, page 24

Status Of The Major Oyster Diseases In Virginia 2005 A Summary Of The Annual Monitoring Program, Ryan Carnegie, Eugene M. Burreson

Reports

More normal riverflows and salinities returned in 2005 after two very wet years. Temperatures were somewhat colder than normal during the winter, and warmer during the summer. The physical environment was generally more favorable for parasite activity, and thus brought a slight increase in prevalence and intensity of the oyster diseases caused by Perkinsus marinus (Dermo) and Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX). Among quarterly James River Survey sites, maximum annual P. marinus prevalences returned to levels typical of the mid- 1990s, before the years of drought. P. marinus prevalence reached 92% at Wreck Shoal, 56% at Point of Shoal, 68% at Horsehead …

Bye Bye, Birdies, Cheryl L. Mansfield

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Birds come with the territory at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, which usually doesn't mind when any of the nearby Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge's 310 species of birds swoop through for a visit.

But one particular type of bird is causing concern: vultures. That's why NASA plans to test special radar to track any vultures around Launch Pad 39B during the countdown to liftoff of Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-121.

Cooperative Conservation: Increasing Capacity Through Community Partnerships - Interagency Volunteer Program: Quarterly Progress Report, Period Ending June 30, 2006, Margaret N. Rees

Get Outdoors Nevada

• Volunteer database increased 12% over last quarter. Database now contains 2,471 records.
• Website activity increased, recording an average of 52,987 hits per month, with an average of 4,596 pages viewed per month (28% increase in pages viewed).
• Spring training sessions were delivered to 180 community volunteers.
• 1,400 public lands volunteers were recognized during National Volunteer Week.
• Volunteer events were successfully executed in Red Rock Canyon NCA and the Spring Mountains NRA, with 189 community volunteers contributing more than 1,000 hours.

Advisory Circular: Qualifications For Wildlife Biologist Conducting Wildlife Hazard Assessments And Training Curriculums For Airport Personnel Involved In Controlling Wildlife Hazards On Airports, David L. Bennett

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

This Advisory Circular (AC) describes the qualifications for wildlife biologists who conduct Wildlife Hazard Assessments for airports certificated under Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 139 (14 CFR, Part 139). In addition, it addresses the minimum wildlife hazard management curriculum for the initial and recurrent training of airport personnel involved in implementing a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approved Wildlife Hazard Management Plan.

Wildlife Strikes To Civil Aircraft In The United States 1990-2005, Edward C. Cleary, Richard A. Dolbeer, Sandra E. Wright

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Table of Contents

List of Tables

List of Figures

List of Appendices

Acknowledgments

Preface

Wildlife Strikes to Civil Aircraft in the United States, 1990–2005

Literature Cited

Tables

Figure 1

Appendix A. Bird Strikes to Civil Helicopters in the United States, 1990–2005

Education Over The Internet, W. Daniel Edge

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

The global network of computers, called the Internet, offers special challenges and opportunities to educators for delivering educational programs. The opportunity of education over the Internet has been recognized almost since an interconnected network of computers was conceived. However, access to the Internet by the general public has been low; in 1995 only 4-6% of the people in the U.S. have access. Nevertheless, access has been expanding rapidly, and with the advent of the $500 network computer, is expected to increase substantially over the next few years. Information available over the Internet is also expanding rapidly. In March 1996, the …

On The Spatial Nature Of The Groundwater Pumping Externality, Nicholas Brozovic, David L. Sunding, David Zilberman

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications

Most existing economic analyses of optimal groundwater management use single-cell aquifer models, which assume that an aquifer responds uniformly and instantly to ground- water pumping. This paper demonstrates how spatially explicit aquifer response equations from the water resources engineering literature may be embedded in a general economic framework. Calibration of our theoretical model to published economic studies of spe- cific aquifers demonstrates that, by averaging basin drawdown across the entire resource, existing studies generally understate the magnitude of the groundwater pumping external- ity relative to spatially explicit models. For the aquifers studied, the drawdown predicted by single- cell models may …

Amherst Ma: A New Village Plan For Atkins Corner, Maggie Jones, Richard Barringer

Planning

The case study describes a successful smart growth initiative in the town of Amherst, Massachusetts, at an intersection known as Atkins Corner. The initiative grew from two motivating factors: the necessity of realigning Route 116, a major north-to-south artery through the town, to decrease traffic accidents at the intersection and improve pedestrian safety; and a desire on the part of Hampshire College and the Town to create a village center at the intersection. Through a consensus-building process involving key town officials, Hampshire College, neighbors, and the design firm of Dodson Associates, agreement on the project was reached with local stakeholders …

Refuge Update – May/June 2006, Volume 3, Number 3

RefugeUpdate (USFWS-NWRS)

Table of Contents:
Crime Threatens People and Habitat at Buenos Aires Refuge, page 3
Pushing Dirt … Safely, page 6
Focus on…Antiquities, pages 10-17
Floating through Stardust, page 22