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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Distance Education: Reaching The Masses, Thomas G. Barnes, Kim R. Gray Jun 1996

Distance Education: Reaching The Masses, Thomas G. Barnes, Kim R. Gray

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

There are a variety of different distance learning technologies available to Extension educators including the use of compressed video on fiber optics, television courses, and satellite conferences and university courses. In this presentation we describe the use of satellite for presenting an introductory wildlife conservation course to advanced placement high school students in the commonwealth of Kentucky. The course was designed after the on-campus course: FOR 101: Introduction To Wildlife Conservation, and was offered for 3 semester hours of college credit. The course was developed as a cooperative venture by the University of Kentucky and The Kentucky Educational Television Station …

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Multimedia Programs And New Computer Technologies: A Look At Texas 4-H Wildlife School Enrichment Programs, Billy Higginbotham Jun 1996

Multimedia Programs And New Computer Technologies: A Look At Texas 4-H Wildlife School Enrichment Programs, Billy Higginbotham

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

4-H multimedia school enrichment modules offer excellent wildlife educational opportunities for elementary students as we near the 21st century. Modules consisting of hands-on displays, interactive computer programs, videos, lesson plan activities, and pre/post-test components serve to reinforce information relative to topical issues in the wildlife arena. In Texas, modules have been developed entitled "The White-tailed Deer," "Wildlife Success Stories and Endangered Species," and "Something's Fishy." These modules and their duplicates are used as components of county 4-H programs and serve to deliver wildlife information to an ethnically and socio-economically diverse audience of third and fourth graders. Teacher committees are instrumental …

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The Personal Approach To Put Theory Into Practice, Delwin E. Benson Jun 1996

The Personal Approach To Put Theory Into Practice, Delwin E. Benson

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Personal traits and techniques of facilitators enable theory to affect practice. Facilitators are guides working within the ethos of the situation to reduce stresses, open the minds of participants, and clear the paths of communication to find what can be accomplished instead of preserving the status quo of what cannot be accomplished. Facilitators should leave their biases at the door and help others to do the same, except for upholding two considerations: 1) the integrity of resources in question; and 2) the dignity of persons who question. Abilities to do the right job are as important as doing the job …

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Extension Program Development: Evolution In Changing Environments, Ronald A. Howard Jr. Jun 1996

Extension Program Development: Evolution In Changing Environments, Ronald A. Howard Jr.

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

As I was developing these brief comments, I considered using the title, "We're not in Kansas Anymore, Toto." While some of the things we need to do are the same ones we have been doing for the past 30 years, others are quite different—primarily the environments, audiences, or types of requests. Some of that is adaptive reiteration. We have needed to learn new things to treat the needs of new audiences. Perhaps we use wood duck nest structure experience to assist an urban homeowner in placing bat boxes, or answer questions about how to colonize a pond with snakes and …

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Extension Wetlands Education In Texas, Darrin Bauer, Will E. Cohen Jun 1996

Extension Wetlands Education In Texas, Darrin Bauer, Will E. Cohen

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

The United States has lost more than half of the wetlands that existed prior to European settlement. Wetlands continue to be lost at an alarming rate due to human disturbance and natural processes. The loss of our countries' wetlands is costing our society greatly. Wetlands perform many functions that are beneficial, such as water filtration, recharging groundwater, providing natural flood control, and supporting a wide variety of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians, insects, and plants. Numerous commercially important fish also require wetlands to survive. Wetlands also provide many recreational opportunities.

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Public Issues Education In Natural Resources: Speaking As A Professional, Dave Cleaves, Paul Adams Jun 1996

Public Issues Education In Natural Resources: Speaking As A Professional, Dave Cleaves, Paul Adams

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

One certainty these days is that public policy will continue to shape the future of forestry. We foresters seem to take what's served up, wishing we had more influence on the ingredients and how they are prepared. We need to assert more leadership in providing forestry knowledge to citizens and decision-makers. However, information delivery is not enough; we need to be involved in the process of policy as well as its content. Technical information and good science will not prevail on their own. We don't have to push a particular option to be effective. We can use our skills and …

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Who Are Our Clientele?, Robert D. Brown Jun 1996

Who Are Our Clientele?, Robert D. Brown

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

The title of this session asks us to address what our clientele want, but I think we first need to address a more basic issue—who are our clientele, or at least who might they be in the future? We've given this a lot of thought in Texas in the past year or so, as we find that we have one of the most rapidly growing and changing states in the nation. In my position as department head in Texas, it is imperative that I be aware of those changes, and that I provide leadership as to how our extension program …

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Wildlife As Natural Enemies Of Crop Pests, Ron J. Johnson, James R. Brandle, Natalie Sunderman, Rebecca Fitzmaurice, Nancy A. Beecher, Ronald M. Case, Mary Dix, Linda J. Young, Mark O. Harrell, Robert J. Wright, Laurie Hodges Jun 1996

Wildlife As Natural Enemies Of Crop Pests, Ron J. Johnson, James R. Brandle, Natalie Sunderman, Rebecca Fitzmaurice, Nancy A. Beecher, Ronald M. Case, Mary Dix, Linda J. Young, Mark O. Harrell, Robert J. Wright, Laurie Hodges

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

One asset of wildlife to landowners is the potential but understudied role of birds and other species as endemic natural enemies of crop pests. Enhancing such natural enemies as part of sustainable agricultural systems offers promise for maintaining agricultural competitiveness while providing wildlife habitat in intensively farmed areas. The University of Nebraska has established an agroforestry research team to address interdisciplinary questions and outreach associated with this topic. Included are studies of bird, mammal, and insect use of woody and herbaceous corridors and adjacent cropfields in east-central Nebraska. Uncultivated areas needed to sustain natural enemies of crop pests also provide …

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The American Farm Bureau Federation's Perspective, Herbert F. Manig Jun 1996

The American Farm Bureau Federation's Perspective, Herbert F. Manig

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

A fledgling Extension Service learned a lesson early in this century; a lesson that is perhaps more valid today than when it was learned, and a lesson that may be particularly useful to professionals in wildlife and fisheries.

As improvements in agricultural production techniques and procedures were developed by the university agricultural experiment stations, there was an obvious gap between those who possessed the new information and those who needed to adopt it. To meet that need, programs were developed that resulted in professional change agents residing among farmers and ranchers in order to extend the universities' influence by one-on-one, …

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Landowners' Perceptions Related To Wetland Regulatory Policy In Coastal Louisiana, Paul D. Coreil Jun 1996

Landowners' Perceptions Related To Wetland Regulatory Policy In Coastal Louisiana, Paul D. Coreil

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Coastal wetlands in Louisiana are over 75% privately owned. Activities conducted in wetlands are primarily regulated through both the Clean Water Act (Section 404) and the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA). The purpose of this study was to investigate coastal landowners' perceptions related to wetland regulatory policy and use the results in the development of future, more workable wetland regulatory policy in Louisiana and the United States (see recommendations section). Regulatory program concerns most often listed by private landowners include: 1) acceptable definition of a wetland remains unsettled; 2) inconsistencies caused when two or more government agencies or programs issue …

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Professional Society, State Agency, And Extension Partnerships Needed For Formal Continuing Education Of Wildlife Professionals, Brian K. Miller Jun 1996

Professional Society, State Agency, And Extension Partnerships Needed For Formal Continuing Education Of Wildlife Professionals, Brian K. Miller

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

While professionals readily desire continuing education programs to sharpen and update their skills, distractions, demanding schedules, lack of employer support, and expense often create barriers for regular continuing education attendance. Many professions such as accountants, pharmacists, and lawyers have a formal certification criteria which requires post-graduate testing to obtain certification and then participation in continuing education to maintain certification. The prestige of becoming a CPA, a licensed engineer, or a member of the bar carries an assurance of a certain level of competence and often translates into higher salaries for those who have achieved it. Therefore, there is a motivation …

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Importance Of Youth-A Challenge, Holly Davis Jun 1996

Importance Of Youth-A Challenge, Holly Davis

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

As I was looking through your program for the next few days, I noticed that several of the workshops had to do with the future—Perspectives on Natural Resources Extension for the 21st Century, A Perspective on the Past, Present, and Future Extension Wildlife and Fisheries Programs, Extension Technologies for the 21st Century, and on and on. But it is our youth with whom we should focus. It's the young generations now that are going to be doctors, pilots of major airlines, presidents, UN Peacekeepers, but most important of all—keepers of our planet earth. Our future is going to be built …

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Finding Your Song, John Munn Jun 1996

Finding Your Song, John Munn

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Planet Earth is a magnificent mix of things that make "living" possible. Delicate mixtures of chemicals, minerals, gases, and waters bathe us. Earth is just the right distance from our sun to provide the energy, driving all the systems—necessary for life—as we know it. Some refer to this as the Great Balance of Life.

How well are these systems balanced, and what would it take for the Planet to lose its ability to create and sustain Life?

We are all aware of the long list of environmental problems facing us. We are also aware of the scientific uncertainties that make …

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Exotic Aquatic Plants-Some Good; Some Bad, James T. Davis Jun 1996

Exotic Aquatic Plants-Some Good; Some Bad, James T. Davis

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Aquatic plants, like all other plants, may be weeds in one location and a source of income and therefore coveted in another location. Introduction of exotic aquatic plants to the United States has always proceeded at a rapid rate. Many plants were brought in for horticultural or agricultural purposes. A greater number of aquatic species were brought in as aquarium plants and then accidentally or purposely introduced into the wild as a future source of income. A much lesser number have been introduced into natural waters from ballast pumpage. Most are of tropical or semi-tropical origin and initially were confined …

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Training Field Staff About Wetlands And Wetland Issues: Dealing With The Unknowns-A Case History, James A. Parkhurst Jun 1996

Training Field Staff About Wetlands And Wetland Issues: Dealing With The Unknowns-A Case History, James A. Parkhurst

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

In response to an increasing number of requests for assistance from county-based extension agents in Virginia about regulatory issues relating to wetlands, an in-service training program on wetland definition, delineation, and permit review was developed and conducted in spring 1995. As a means to familiarize agents with the various wetland regulators, representatives from all agencies or organizations who have any regulatory authority over wetlands in Virginia were invited and asked to introduce and describe their agency and its responsibilities, and discuss when and how they conduct wetland permit reviews. Although an important objective of this training workshop was to help …

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National 4-H Sportfishing Program, Catherine A. Elliott Jun 1996

National 4-H Sportfishing Program, Catherine A. Elliott

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

In May I went to the Cornell Biological Field Station with nine volunteers from Maine to attend the pilot training for the National 4-H Sportfishing Program. While I was there, Ron Howard, chair of the program development committee, asked if I was coming to this meeting, and if so, would I speak about the sportfishing program. In the euphoria of the moment, I said yes, then immediately began to wonder why I had said yes. Although I live more than 50 miles from here, I am giving this talk without slides and I haven't been fishing for over 25 years, …

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Frontmatter Jun 1996

Frontmatter

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Frontmatter

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Walk-In Hunting Area Program In Kansas, Charles D. Lee Jun 1996

Walk-In Hunting Area Program In Kansas, Charles D. Lee

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Hunting license sales in Kansas are declining. Hunters often cite the lack of access as a reason for no longer hunting. Some landowners are seeking opportunities to use wildlife and other natural resources as a source of supplemental income. Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks (KDWP) initiated a pilot program to lease land and make it available for public hunting. In 1995 KDWP leased 10,345 acres of land from 46 different landowners at a lease cost of $20,400. This lease program follows a simple concept by which landowners receive a fee from the Department to allow people to hunt their …

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Images Of The 8th Extension Wildlife And Fisheries Specialists Workshop Jun 1996

Images Of The 8th Extension Wildlife And Fisheries Specialists Workshop

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Images of the 8th Extension Wildlife and Fisheries Specialists Workshop

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A Strategy To Reclaim Wetlands And Balance Biomass Lost To The Cooling Process Of A Nuclear Power Generating Station, Roger R. Locandro Jun 1996

A Strategy To Reclaim Wetlands And Balance Biomass Lost To The Cooling Process Of A Nuclear Power Generating Station, Roger R. Locandro

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Restoration of 20,000 acres of historic wetlands and contiguous upland boundaries is part of a grand-scale estuary enhancement and recovery program, implemented in New Jersey and Delaware by the Public Service Energy and Gas Company (PSE&G). The project is providing a very positive and refreshing signal from the energy industry that wetlands stewardship and cooperation are alive and well.

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Fee-Fishing: Introduction And Marketing, Michael P. Masser Jun 1996

Fee-Fishing: Introduction And Marketing, Michael P. Masser

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Essential ingredients for a successful fee-fishing operation include: location, knowledge of clientele, facility design, providing services, advertising, and management of the fish. A fee-fishing operation is a business, a recreational people-oriented business, and not just a method to market fish.

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A Tax Incentive To Encourage Wildlife Management: The Texas Example, Charles W. Ramsey Jun 1996

A Tax Incentive To Encourage Wildlife Management: The Texas Example, Charles W. Ramsey

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

A need for external incentives for private landowners to manage their lands for wildlife was identified and has been discussed for many years. As early as 1930, the Committee on Game Policy (Leopold Committee) stressed that incentives for private landowners were crucial to achieving public objectives in wildlife management on private land. Various forms of subsidies, regulations, and taxes have been proposed, tried, modified, perpetuated, or discarded. Incentives or disincentives commonly were directed to specific practices which impact wildlife.

Wildlife in Texas are dependent upon private lands for their existence. Over 90% of the land is privately owned and managed …

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Workshop Evaluations Jun 1996

Workshop Evaluations

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Thirty workshop evaluations were returned. the following graphs and tables summarize the responses.

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The Use Of Agricultural Limestone And Gypsum In Ponds, Forrest Wynne Jun 1996

The Use Of Agricultural Limestone And Gypsum In Ponds, Forrest Wynne

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Ponds built in areas that have acid soils and soft water may not always perform well for fish production. Such ponds may benefit from liming if the water has a total alkalinity of less than 20 mg/1 (20 ppm). If alkalinity is more than 20 mg/1, liming may not be beneficial. Alkalinity measures the buffering capacity of the water and is usually a good indicator of productivity. Carbonates, bicarbonates, hydroxides, phosphates, and organic substances are the main components of water alkalinity. Water hardness is caused by calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum salts, most often in the form of carbonates, sulfates, …

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A Perspective Of Past, Present, And Future Extension Wildlife And Fisheries Programs, James E. Miller Jun 1996

A Perspective Of Past, Present, And Future Extension Wildlife And Fisheries Programs, James E. Miller

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

One of the most significant early references to the need for state and federal extension wildlife and fisheries programs was made by Smith (1936). Dr. C. B. Smith was the Assistant Director of Extension Service who spoke at the First North American Wildlife Conference. If you can locate a copy of the transactions from this conference, I encourage you to spend some time reviewing this and numerous other papers presented by some of our predecessors at this great conference. Other early references of extension wildlife and fisheries programs prior to 1950 included papers by Hill (1938), Gabrielson (1941 and 1945), …

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Workshop Expectations And Gpra Evaluation And Accountability, Ralph Otto Jun 1996

Workshop Expectations And Gpra Evaluation And Accountability, Ralph Otto

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Because of a health-related problem, Dr. Otto was unable to attend the workshop; therefore, an overview of his suggested comments was presented by Jim Miller as follows:

Our expectations for this Eighth National Extension Wildlife and Fisheries Specialists Workshop are that it will provide an opportunity for the professionals in attendance to assess current programs and capabilities; address changing audiences and their need for educational programs; evaluate changes in the land grant university system and in their agency; and proactively make needed changes to ensure that their educational programs continue to be relevant to Society's needs now and in the …

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Wildlife Damage Management: Innovative Programs, Thomas G. Barnes, Desley Whisson, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Scott Craven, James Pease, William Andelt Jun 1996

Wildlife Damage Management: Innovative Programs, Thomas G. Barnes, Desley Whisson, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Scott Craven, James Pease, William Andelt

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Contents:

STATE AGENCY OVERSIGHT OF THE NUISANCE WILDLIFE CONTROL INDUSTRY
VERTEBRATE PEST MANAGEMENT AND ENDANGERED SPECIES IN CALIFORNIA
TACKLING FUTURE ISSUES-THE WILDLIFE SOCIETY'S WILDLIFE DAMAGE MANAGEMENT WORKING GROUP
USING REMOTE DELIVERY IN EXTENSION WILDLIFE PROGRAMS
COLORADO TRAPPING REGULATIONS: CAUGHT BETWEEN THE STEEL JAWS OF TRADITION AND PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS

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Habitat Management Planning: Blending Commercial Forest Management And The Protection Of Forest Ecosystems, Including Their Wildlife Communities, James A. Rochelle Jun 1996

Habitat Management Planning: Blending Commercial Forest Management And The Protection Of Forest Ecosystems, Including Their Wildlife Communities, James A. Rochelle

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

The purpose of a Habitat Management Plan is to use the best available science, within an adaptive framework, to provide habitat for a wide variety of native forest wildlife species while profitably managing private land for wood production. This process is currently under development by Weyerhaeuser Company in Washington State. The process starts with a Watershed Analysis conducted under the forest practices laws of the state. In this analysis, technical experts of the appropriate disciplines identify the causal mechanisms behind those processes (mass wasting, surface erosion, temperature regulation, etc.) which are related to fish habitat and water quality. With knowledge …

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Managing Recreational Fish Ponds, Michael P. Masser Jun 1996

Managing Recreational Fish Ponds, Michael P. Masser

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

Kentucky has over 135,000 farm ponds. These ponds are used for irrigation, watering livestock, and recreation. However, most ponds are under-utilized for recreation. Existing ponds can provide excellent recreational opportunities if properly managed.

The first step in recreational pond management is to determine the pond's purpose. Ponds can be managed for swimming, fishing, aesthetics, and to attract wildlife. It may be difficult to manage for all of these things simultaneously. The pond owner must decide about goals or what is most important. If fishing is the desired objective, the following should help.

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Wet And Wild: Why Landowners Restore Wetlands, Jim Pease Jun 1996

Wet And Wild: Why Landowners Restore Wetlands, Jim Pease

Triennial National Wildlife and Fisheries Extension Specialists Conference: 8th (1996)

In the past 10 years, many natural resource agencies and conservation organizations have been involved in wetland restoration. In Iowa alone, between the Wetland Reserve Program (WRP), the Emergency WRP (EWRP), and the Private Lands Program of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, over 60,000 acres of palustrine and riparian wetlands have been restored, mostly on private land. This has dramatically reversed 150 years of decline in wetland acres. Other states have similar stories. What motivates landowners to participate in such programs? We undertook an 18-state survey to try to answer the question.

A phone survey of 305 participants in these …

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