Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Blood Biomarkers For Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Selective Review Of Unresolved Issues, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Matthew S. Thimgan, Gayla R. Olbricht, Sima Azizi, Blaine Allen, Bassam A. Hadi, Donald C. Wunsch

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: The use of blood biomarkers after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been widely studied. We have identified eight unresolved issues related to the use of five commonly investigated blood biomarkers: neurofilament light chain, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1, tau, S100B, and glial acidic fibrillary protein. We conducted a focused literature review of unresolved issues in three areas: mode of entry into and exit from the blood, kinetics of blood biomarkers in the blood, and predictive capacity of the blood biomarkers after mTBI.

Findings: Although a disruption of the blood brain barrier has been demonstrated in mild and severe traumatic brain …

Moving On Up: Vertical Distribution Shifts In Rocky Reef Fish Species During Climate-Driven Decline In Dissolved Oxygen From 1995 To 2009, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod, Li Kui, Mary Nishimoto, Linda Snook, Milton Love

Faculty Publications

Anthropogenic climate change has resulted in warming temperatures and reduced oxygen concentrations in the global oceans. Much remains unknown on the impacts of reduced oxygen concentrations on the biology and distribution of marine fishes. In the Southern California Channel Islands, visual fish surveys were conducted frequently in a manned submersible at three rocky reefs between 1995 and 2009. This area is characterized by a steep bathymetric gradient, with the surveyed sites Anacapa Passage, Footprint and Piggy Bank corresponding to depths near 50, 150 and 300 m. Poisson models were developed for each fish species observed consistently in this network of …

Uav-Assisted Data Dissemination Based On Network Coding In Vehicular Networks, Shidong Huang, Chuanhe Huang, Yabo Yin, Dongfang Wu, M. Wasim Abbas Ashraf, Bin Fu

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Efficient and emergency data dissemination service in vehicular networks (VN) is very important in some situations, such as earthquakes, maritime rescue, and serious traffic accidents. Data loss frequently occurs in the data transition due to the unreliability of the wireless channel and there are no enough available UAVs providing data dissemination service for the large disaster areas. UAV with an adjustable active antenna can be used in light of the situation. However, data dissemination assisted by UAV with the adjustable active antenna needs corresponding effective data dissemination framework. A UAV-assisted data dissemination method based on network coding is proposed. First, …

Cognition-Enhanced Machine Learning For Better Predictions With Limited Data, Florian Sense, Ryan Wood, Michael G. Collins, Joshua Fiechter, Aihua W. Wood, Michael Krusmark, Tiffany Jastrzembski, Christopher W. Myers

Faculty Publications

The fields of machine learning (ML) and cognitive science have developed complementary approaches to computationally modeling human behavior. ML's primary concern is maximizing prediction accuracy; cognitive science's primary concern is explaining the underlying mechanisms. Cross-talk between these disciplines is limited, likely because the tasks and goals usually differ. The domain of e-learning and knowledge acquisition constitutes a fruitful intersection for the two fields’ methodologies to be integrated because accurately tracking learning and forgetting over time and predicting future performance based on learning histories are central to developing effective, personalized learning tools. Here, we show how a state-of-the-art ML model can …

Controlled Branching Processes With Continuous Time, Miguel Gonzalez, Manuel Molina, Ines Del Puerto, Nikolay Yanev, George Yanev

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

A class of controlled branching processes with continuous time is introduced and some limiting distributions are obtained in the critical case. An extension of this class as regenerative controlled branching processes with continuous time is proposed and some asymptotic properties are considered.

Ammonia Losses By Volatilization From Coastcross Pasture Fertilized With Two Nitrogen Sources, H. Cantarella, L. De A. Corrêa, A. C. Primavesi, O. Primavesi, A. R. De Freitas, A. G. Da Silva

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Ammonia losses by volatilization from five rates of urea or ammonium nitrate surfaceapplied to coastcross pasture, grown on a dark red latosol (Hapludox) in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, under tropical altitude climate, were measured. Volatilized ammonia was absorbed in traps placed on soil surface. The mean losses from urea applied after five successive cuttings of the grass were 15, 24, 34, and 40% for N rates of 25, 50, 100 and 200 kg N ha-1 per cutting, respectively.

Assessing The Effect Of N And P Supply On Dry Matter Yield Of Three Tropical Grasses, O. Topall, C. Jouany, M. Duru, P. Cruz

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objectives are to study the effects of N and P supply and their interaction, on herbage dry matter yield and nutrient status of three tropical grasses. In order to estimate direct and indirect effects of P supply we express above-ground dry matter production as a function of the herbage nutrient status obtained from plant analysis. Results show that in absence of N, the significant increase in P nutrition status has only moderate consequences on herbage production and suggest that both N and P are limitant for herbage growth. P fertilization results in significant increase in dry matter yield only …

Air Pressure Propagation Through Wind Cave And Jewel Cave: How Do Pressure Waves Travel Through Barometric Caves?, Annika K. Gomell, Daniel C. Austin, Marc J. Ohms, Andreas Pflitsch

International Journal of Speleology

In barometric caves, air pressure gradients between the outside atmosphere and the cave induce strong bidirectional compensating currents, which control almost all elements of speleoclimatology, including air temperature, humidity, and CO₂ dynamics. Therefore, this study set out to investigate air pressure propagation through Wind Cave and Jewel Cave – two major barometric cave systems in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA. Based on high-resolution air pressure data from both the surface and several measurement sites inside the caves, four systematic changes of pressure waves during their journey through the caves and their related speleoclimatological processes were identified and …

The Factors Impacting The Incorporation Of The Sustainable Development Goals Into Raw Materials Engineering Curricula, Dimitris Damigos, George Valakas, Anna Gaki, Katerina Adam

Journal of Sustainable Mining

It is widely recognised and acknowledged that the mining industry, if properly operating and managed, has the potential to positively contribute to “The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”. In this direction, the Raw Materials (RM) engineering education possesses a crucial role, given the need to instil in tomorrow’s mining engineers the sustainability principles. This paper explores the educational needs of the Greek RM sector and the factors constituting the RM whole value chain SDGs-education-innovation eco-system. The research follows a two-stage focus group approach. First, the perceptions, opinions and beliefs of invited stakeholders were explored in the context of semi-structured interviews. …

Mineral Acquisition And Utilization Strategy Of Three Tropical Forages At Different Phosphorus And Nitrogen Supply, J. D. G. Santos Junior, Tsutomu Kanno, Manuel C. M. Macedo, M. R. Correa, L. G. Beretta

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine mineral acquisition and utilization strategies of Brachiaria decumbens (BD), Brachiaria brizantha (BB) and Panicum maximum (PM). The plants were grown under nine treatments resulted from the combination of three levels of phosphorus (0, 25 and 50 kgP/ha) and three levels of nitrogen (25, 150 and 300 kgN/ha). BD showed the lowest value of root weight and root length per pot, but the highest efficiency of P and N uptake (P and N uptake mg / unit root weight g). On the other hand, PM showed lower mineral uptake efficiency, but the highest mineral …

Sources And Rates Of Phosphorus In Improving Degraded Pasture In Brazilian West Amazon, Valdinei T. Paulino, N. L. Costa, C. R. Townsend, J. A. Magalhães, R. G. A. Periera

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The effects of phosphorus sources (triple superphosphate – TSP, single superphosphate – SSP and partially acidulated rock phosphate – PARP) and rates (0, 50 and 100 kg/ha of P₂O₅ on dry matter (DM) yields and chemical composition of a degraded Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture were evaluated in a cutting trial. Phosphorus fertilization, irrespective of sources and rates, showed an effective agronomic technique for pasture recuperation. The grass DM yields and potassium contents were significantly improved by phosphorus application, while weed DM yields were depressed. Irrespective of sources and rates, crude protein, phosphorus, and calcium contents were …

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Legacy Scout Tickets from Pure Oil Company

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Genes (Tmem106b, Grn, Abcc9, Kcnmb2, And Apoe) Implicated In Risk For Late-Nc And Hippocampal Sclerosis Provides Pathogenetic Insights: A Retrospective Genetic Association Study, Adam J. Dugan, Peter T. Nelson, Yuriko Katsumata, Lincoln M. P. Shade, Kevin L. Boehme, Merilee A. Teylan, Matthew D. Cykowski, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, John S. K. Kauwe, Timothy J. Hohman, Julie A. Schneider, Alzheimer’S Disease Genetics Consortium, David W. Fardo

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is the most prevalent subtype of TDP-43 proteinopathy, affecting up to 1/3rd of aged persons. LATE-NC often co-occurs with hippocampal sclerosis (HS) pathology. It is currently unknown why some individuals with LATE-NC develop HS while others do not, but genetics may play a role. Previous studies found associations between LATE-NC phenotypes and specific genes: TMEM106B, GRN, ABCC9, KCNMB2, and APOE. Data from research participants with genomic and autopsy measures from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC; n = 631 subjects included) and the Religious Orders Study and Memory …

A Systems Approach To Understanding Piping Plover Production On Off-Channel Sandpits Along The Central Platte River, Taylor Morgan Cassidy

Biology Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity

Anthropogenic changes in land use, exploitation of natural resources, climate change, and habitat loss create difficulties managing and conserving species of concern. Managers are often forced to make decisions with incomplete information and much uncertainty. Unsuccessful attempts to manage for and conserve species in the past, may have resulted from failures to recognize the complexity of systems, resulting in actions that may have had unintended consequences. Thus, applying Systems Thinking and System Dynamics is appropriate for understanding what factors influence species success and evaluating what management actions may be implemented to help achieve conservation targets while minimizing negative impacts to …

On Extensions And Restrictions Of Τ-Smooth And Τ-Maxitive Idempotent Measures, Muzaffar Eshimbetov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

In the paper we investigate maps between idempotent measures spaces, τ-maxitive idempotent measures and their extensions and restrictions. For an idempotent measure we prove that its extension is τ-maxitive if and only if its restriction is τ-maxitive.

Study Asymmetry Of Stellar Jets, Stanislav Melnikov, Karomat Mirtadjieva

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

This review article describes the diversity of astrophysical jets. The differences between relativistic and slower stellar jets are described briefly. The data on recent studies of stellar jets, which led to the discovery of the asymmetry of their emissions - a mismatch of their parameters in the opposite components. A review of the physical mechanisms that is proposed to explain the observed asymmetry is given.

Forest Fire Effects On The Temporal Variability Of Landscape Snow Albedo Relative To Burn Severity, Max Gersh

Dissertations and Theses

Snow-water storage is decreasing, while forest fires are increasing in duration, size, frequency, and intensity, due to climate change. Most forest fires occur in the seasonal snow zone, altering snow mass and energy balance for many years following fire. Following forest fires, Surface snow albedo (SSA) decreases, as light absorbing particles (LAP), particularly black carbon (BC) produced in forest fires get deposited throughout the snowpack, altering snowpack energy balance driving earlier snowmelt in burned forests. While SSA decreases, landscape snow albedo (LSA) increases following fire, as more of the snow-covered surface becomes visible beneath the burned forest canopy, brightening the …

Duality For L1-Spaces Associated With The Maharam Measure, Botir Zakirov, Khabibulla Umarov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Dual space for the Banach-Kantorovich space L¹(m) of all functions integrable with respect to a Maharam measure m is described and its pre-dual space is constructed.

Weighted (M, Δ)-Green Functions In CN, Nurbek Narzillaev

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

In this work some extremal function and its properties are studied for the class of m-subharmonic functions. We study weighted (m,δ)-Green function V_m^*(z,K,ψ,δ), defined by the class ℒ_m^δ = {u(z)∈sh_m(ℂⁿ): u(z)≤δ, z∈ℂⁿ}, δ > 0. We see that the regularity of the points with respect to different numbers δ differ from each other. Nevertheless, we will prove that if the compact K ⊂ ℂ^{n …}

Understanding Conflicts In Natural Resources Management: Using Systems Thinking And Systems Dynamics To Model The Relationship Between The American Prairie Reserve And Neighboring Communities, Amanda Hartman Medaries

Biology Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity

Conservation conflict, whether human-wildlife or human-human, and specifically those that include the public as stakeholders, is seen as one of the most influential reasons reintroduction and/or conservation of species or landscapes is difficult to accomplish. This is due to the numerous mental models involved within conflict. In order to help mitigate or mediate said conflict, understanding these mental models and the roles they play within the system is crucial. Unfortunately, adaptive management, which is reactionary, additive, and most often used within these systems, is unable to do so and solutions to the conflict remain elusive. The aim of this study …

Understanding Shoot And Root Development, C. Matthew, E. N. Van Loo, E. R. Thom, L. A. Dawson, D. A. Care

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Shoot and root development of the grass tiller is presented as a series of events on the tiller axis. Leaf, tiller bud, true stem, and root development are successive events in the life cycle of a single phytomer and the tiller is a co-ordinated series of phytomers, successive phytomers being progressively more advanced than the previous phytomer. In reviewing the individual growth processes of leaf, tiller, true stem, and root formation, fundamental determinants of light and nutrient capture are examined and examples presented to illustrate the link between component processes, plant morphogenesis, and plant performance. An example of the application …

Ecophysiology Of Grasslands: Dynamic Aspects Of Forage Plant Populations In Grazed Swards, G. Lemaire

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The aim of this paper is to review knowledge of the ecophysiological mechanisms influencing the dynamics of plant populations in grazed swards. Such an objective requires some definitions. Firstly, it is necessary to define “ecophysiology” as the study of the interactions between biological individuals (plants) with their own environment: how individuals perceive and react to any constraint and change of their environment, and how the functioning of plants as a population can modify their own environment. Such a definition implies a dynamic approach to pant population functioning as resulting from constant plant-plant interactions mediated by micro-environment modifications. In a grazed …

Structure And Photocatalytic Influence Of N-Doping Ato Nano-Tubes On Antibacterial Activity Toward Escherichia Coli, Shing-Hoa Wang, Shiu-Mei Liu, Kan-Hung Hu, Chien-Chon Chen, Tai-Yuan Lin, Shuei-Wan Juang, Chia-Yuen Yen, Shu-Ting Lu, Chia-Heng Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

The photocatalytic antibacterial properties of anodic titanium oxide (ATO) nanotubes in the anatase structure derived from annealing at 450°C or 550°C or N-doping treatment were tested on Escherichia coli under UV-A, visible light illumi-nation, and dark conditions. Under UV-A illumination and dark conditions, in most cases, E. coli cultures containing ATO nanotubes of different treatments showed either no or slight differences in their growth from the cultures without ATO nanotubes. However, under visible light illumination, the growth of E. coli was inhibited in cultures containing ATO nanotubes. Among the three forms of ATO nanotubes, N-doped ATO nanotubes had the strongest …

Effectiveness Against White Sharks Of The Rpela Personal Shark Deterrent Device Designed For Surfers, Craig Blount, Dan Pygas, Marcus P. Lincoln Smith, Daryl P. Mcphee, Colby Bignell, Ocean Ramsey

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Many shark bites to humans, including fatalities, have involved surfers. Various personal shark deterrents are commercially available to surfers, including Rpela v2, which is a battery-powered device fitted to a surfboard. It produces an electric field around the surfer aimed at deterring sharks from approaching or biting by disrupting their electro-reception organs. The device was tested on white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) at Salisbury Island, Western Australia. In total, 46 trials were done with the Rpela v2 either active or not active to determine the device’s effect on sharks’ response to a floating board with fish bait attached (to tempt a …

Inter-Annual Changes Of Water Temperature In The Southern South China Sea's Continental Shelf: The Influence Of Enso On Malaysian Waters, Afifi Johari, Mohd Fadzil Akhir, Muhammad Naim Satar, Zuraini Zainol, Guo Jingsong

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

An extensive amount of data from the World Ocean Database (WOD) that covers the southern South China Sea (SSCS) were analysed to study the long-term trends and variations of the El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. The WOD data were selected from 1951 to 2010, which included the area within 0–10 °N and 100–117 °E. El-Nino and La-Nina anomaly results showed that the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTa) trend of SSCS was higher during offset-El-Nino years and lower during offset-La-Nina years. Besides, the inter-annual vertical water temperature profile revealed that the deepening of the warmer water temperature occurred in February and …

The Eumedonine Genera Eumedonus H. Milne Edwards, 1834, And Gonatonotus White, 1847 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pilumnidae) In Taiwan, Peter K. L Ng, Chia-Wei Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Two species of eumedonine crabs, Eumedonus zebra Alcock, 1895, and Gonatonotus nasutus Chia & Ng, 2000, are recorded from Taiwan, the former for the first time. Both are also new genera records for the island. Notes on variation are noted and their taxonomy briefly treated. The number of eumedonine species, all of which are obligate symbionts on echinoderms, known from the island is now seven genera and seven species.

An Analysis Of Consumer Evaluations Of The “Tagonoura Shirasu” Certification Under The Japan Geographical Indication Protection System, Yu-Heng Lu, Takahiro Sajiki

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Over time, the Geographical Indication (GI) protection system has been independently adopted in more than 100 countries worldwide. In Japan, the GI protection system has been operating since 2015 in response to a growing interest in local brands. Therefore, based on a questionnaire survey, we econometrically analyze the consumer evaluation of Shizuoka Prefecture’s Shirasu “Tagonoura Shirasu,” which is registered under the GI protection system. Shirasu is a collective term for long and narrow larvae such as anchovy (Engraulis japonicus), sardine (Sardinops melanostictus), or red-eye round herring (Etrumeus sadina). Based on the contingent valuation method, we clarified that consumers' additional willingness …

A Two-Stage Approach To Integrate Vessel Geo-Tracking Data And Logbooks For Monitoring Fishing Activity Of Coastal Fisheries In Waters Off Northwestern Taiwan, Yi-Jou Lee, Nan-Jay Su, Cheng-Hsin Liao, Wei-Chuan Chiang, Chun-Huei Li

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Catch and fishing effort data are fundamental information to stock assessment and fisheries management, but difficult to obtain without the support of administration and sound fishery data collection system. This study integrated various sources of data from a simplified vessel geo-tracking system and logbooks from interviews with captains of coastal gillnet fisheries. We developed a two-step approach based on hierarchical cluster analysis to characterize the operation patterns and infer the fishing activities of the fishery. Results showed that the fishing effort in terms of operation duration could be estimated precisely for various vessel sizes, with catch composition and harvest information …

Effect Of Chlorine Dioxide On The Removal Of Sulfadimethoxine And Sulfamethoxazole In Freshwater And Seawater, Zhen-Hao Liao, Dai-Chee Ng, Yu-Sheng Wu, Fan Hua Nan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

This study aimed to understand the fate of sulfonamides (SAs) under dark condition in a laboratory-scale aquatic system, and evaluate the removal of SAs by using Chlorine dioxide. Based on the mass spectrometry quantification, our results have shown that two sulfonamides were transformed at very slow rate in the dark. The 180 day degradation efficiencies (%) of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in freshwater and seawater were 6.37 ± 2.56 and 4.38 ± 3.43, respectively, while those of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in freshwater and seawater were 7.81 ± 2.15 and 6.60 ± 2.69, respectively. In the treatment of Chlorine dioxide for the removal of …

Long-Term Observations Of Interannual And Decadal Variation Of Sea Surface Temperature In The Taiwan Strait, Ming-An Lee, Wei-Po Huang, Yi-Lo Shen, Jinn-Shing Weng, Bambang Semedi, Yi-Chen Wang, Jui-Wen Chan

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

Long-term observations of interannual and decadal variation of sea surface temperature (SST) in the Taiwan Strait (TS) were studied for the period 1870–2018; the climatology data were obtained from the Met Office Hadley Centre, UK. In the study period, the highest annual mean and lowest SST observed were 25.3°C in 1998 and 22.4°C in 1919, respectively. Six distinct regimes were identified. The first regime of fairly stable or slightly cooling SST lasted through the 1920s. The two regime shifts of 1919 to 1945 and 1976–1977 to 1998 led to the two fast warming trends of 2.0°C in 26 years, from …