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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Welcome From The Great Plains Agricultural Council, Robert L. Storch Apr 1987

Welcome From The Great Plains Agricultural Council, Robert L. Storch

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

On behalf of the Great Plains Agricultural Council and other sponsoring agencies, I want to welcome you to the 8th Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop. From the very first session that was held in 1973 at Manhattan, Kansas, this workshop has consistently enjoyed a high level of success, and we believe this year's effort will be no exception. Being approximately a year and a half since the last workshop in San Antonio, we were initially concerned about the amount of interest that would be shown in this year's workshop. However, in looking at the number and quality of the …

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Policy And Goals In The Private Sector, Rick Warhurst Apr 1987

Policy And Goals In The Private Sector, Rick Warhurst

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Today I am supposed to talk about policy and goals for predator management and control to enhance waterfowl production in the private sector. The private sector includes a wide array of interests. Each of you probably has a particular opinion. You have already observed some different thinking, some different languages, in reference to predator control from previous panel members. If you extrapolate that over the whole United States population, which would be the private sector, it would include a wide array of interests and thoughts.

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Duck Nest Success On South Dakota Game Production Areas, S. Gay Simpson Apr 1987

Duck Nest Success On South Dakota Game Production Areas, S. Gay Simpson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Duck nesting success was studied on South Dakota Game Production Areas in 1985 and 1986. Mayfield success rates for all species combined were 28.0 and 28.4 percent, respectively. Predators were responsible for nearly 90 percent of nest failures. Results from lake Albert Island and Hogsback served to demonstrate potential for intensive management to increase duck nesting success.

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Consider Using Electric Powered Fences For Controlling Animal Damage, Robert E. Steger Apr 1987

Consider Using Electric Powered Fences For Controlling Animal Damage, Robert E. Steger

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The use of electronics in animal damage control is not new. The use of amplified frequencies or sound has been widely used for controlling insects, rats, and other kinds of animals. Recent innovations for uses of electric powered fences are being recognized. Animals heretofore managed by expensive predacides or physical barriers are being managed with electric powered barriers. For example, caterpillars are being economically managed in New Zealand with the use of one electrical wire slightly above ground level. This application is being made possible because electric powered fences are 1) economical; 2)effective; 3) provide flexibility; and 4) are relatively …

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Politics, Prairie Dogs, And The Sportsman, John Sharps Apr 1987

Politics, Prairie Dogs, And The Sportsman, John Sharps

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I would like to speak to you today about potential economic and biological values of prairie dogs. When I refer to prairie dogs throughout my talk, I'm referring only to the prairie dogs on the National Grasslands Systems in western South Dakota. Prairie dogs have great economic potential to sportsmen and the general public and also act as ecosystem regulators to grassland plant and animal communities, and as such, could enhance both potentials if managed differently.

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Policy And Goals Of The State Of South Dakota, Gay Simpson Apr 1987

Policy And Goals Of The State Of South Dakota, Gay Simpson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I am to address the policy of the Department of Game, Fish and Parks toward predator control and management in relation to waterfowl. Waterfowl has always had a high priority with the state of South Dakota. As a state agency, we could have said "let the Feds do it," but we did not take that approach (1) because South Dakota is a production state, lying where it does on the northern end of the Central Flyway, and (2) because we have a healthy population of waterfowl hunters. We sell about 40,000 duck stamps annually. The Department has recognized the importance …

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Adc In The U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Gerald J. Fichtner Apr 1987

Adc In The U.S. Department Of Agriculture, Gerald J. Fichtner

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

ADC transferred to the U.S. Department of Agriculture by Public Law 99-190. Parameters of ADC in USDA are that the program is biologically sound, environmentally acceptable, and economically feasible. Major program components are cooperative operational control, education and information, and research. The National Animal Damage Control Advisory Committee is being formed. The American Society for Testing and Materials is helping on research priorities. A line-staff organization has been put in place within the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service in USDA.

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A Novel Strategy For Pocket Gopher Control, Michael E.R. Godfrey Apr 1987

A Novel Strategy For Pocket Gopher Control, Michael E.R. Godfrey

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Current techniques for the control of pocket gophers use traps, fumigants or toxic baits. Trapping and fumigation are labor intensive and seldom effective in giving more than short-term relief. Toxic baiting usually uses baits that are rapidly degraded and although the resident gopher may be killed the burrow system is frequently reoccupied very rapidly and little long-term control is achieved. The use of persistent baits that remain toxic and acceptable to the gophers for an extended period may result in more effective long-term control.

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A Chronology Of Prairie Dog Control Operations And Related Developments In South Dakota, Rew Hanson Apr 1987

A Chronology Of Prairie Dog Control Operations And Related Developments In South Dakota, Rew Hanson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The black-tailed prairie dog is a South Dakota native with a long history of controversy regarding its activities and control. The first organized efforts in prairie dog control date back to 1914 but little information was recorded until 1919 with some county operations and the passing of a rodent control law by the South Dakota Legislature. Nine west river counties reported treating a total of 398,000 acres of prairie dogs in 1920.

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Control Of One Native Animal Species To Benefit Another Native Species, John T. Lokemoen Apr 1987

Control Of One Native Animal Species To Benefit Another Native Species, John T. Lokemoen

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

This paper expresses my feelings on the topic of controlling one native animal species (small carnivores) for the benefit of another native species (waterfowl). The relationship between the predator and prey has always been an interesting one. During much of man's experience with wildlife, predators were generally feared and persecuted. It was almost universally agreed that killing predators resulted in larger game populations, which man wanted for food or sport.

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Comparative Toxicity Of Strychnine To Eight Species Of Ground Squirrels, George Matschke, Carolyn L. Fordham, Susan C. Hurlbut, Richard M. Engeman Apr 1987

Comparative Toxicity Of Strychnine To Eight Species Of Ground Squirrels, George Matschke, Carolyn L. Fordham, Susan C. Hurlbut, Richard M. Engeman

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The toxicity of 3 strychnine bait concentrations, 0.20%, 0.35%, and 0.50%, was evaluated on 8 species of ground squirrels (Spermophilus spp). Significant species-specific differences were evident in the relative toxicity of strychnine in our tests.

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An Overview Of The South Dakota Animal Damage Control Program, Alvin L. Miller Apr 1987

An Overview Of The South Dakota Animal Damage Control Program, Alvin L. Miller

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Animal Damage Control in South Dakota is a very comprehensive program. The program's objective is to reduce agricultural loss caused by predators, nuisance animals, rodents, migratory birds and waterfowl. It involves the cooperation of several federal, state and county agencies as well as landowners and In turn requires very close coordination of these various entities in order to successfully achieve our objective. Operational control, extension services, research and educational programs are alI important facets of such a comprehensive program.

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Legislative Review Of Prairie Dog Statutes, Lyndell Peterson Apr 1987

Legislative Review Of Prairie Dog Statutes, Lyndell Peterson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The legislature is a modern version of a system that allows us to get along and bring our values together, sort them out, and establish ground rules under which we function. As we imbalance nature in our favor and apply our values through the legislature and congress, one prevailing value is that most of us will go to war for our right to own property. Yet there are times when our point of view functions in such a way that we say this process should provide us authority and power over somebody else's property as long as nobody exercises that …

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Snaring As A Beaver Control Technique In South Dakota, Jerry Riedel Apr 1987

Snaring As A Beaver Control Technique In South Dakota, Jerry Riedel

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Methods used for alleviating beaver damage include suggestions on farm management, extension trapping, and direct control. Direct control is utilized in the majority of the complaints with snaring constituting the most often used control technique.

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The Lure Crop Alternative, Steven D. Fairaizl, William K. Pfeifer Apr 1987

The Lure Crop Alternative, Steven D. Fairaizl, William K. Pfeifer

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Lure crops are proposed as an alternative to scaring waterfowl. The lure crop works on the principle of permitting waterfowl to feed undisturbed for the duration of the damage season in an unharvested field of their choice thereby utilizing trampled grain. Waterfowl from adjacent areas are encouraged to use the lure crop through the use of scaring devices placed in protected fields. General criteria for implementation of a lure crop project and specific criteria for lure crop purchases are presented. Factors contributing to a successful lure crop and problems which reduced lure crop effectiveness are identified. Benefit/ cost analysis of …

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Laboratory Trial Of Chlorophacinone As A Prairie Dog Toxicant, Daryl D. Fisher, Robert M. Timm Apr 1987

Laboratory Trial Of Chlorophacinone As A Prairie Dog Toxicant, Daryl D. Fisher, Robert M. Timm

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A laboratory trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy and secondary toxicity of chlorophaoinone oats as a prairie dog toxicant. Bait containing 0.0025% chlorophacinone killed 29 of 31 prairie dogs when offered in 25 gram amounts daily for 6 days. Five of 6 domestic ferrets died of anticoagulant poisoning when fed H of these toxicant-kil led prairie dogs over 8 days. Chlorophacinone may not be an acceptable prairie dog toxicant due to this potential secondary hazard.

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Duck Nest Success And Predators In North Dakota, South Dakota, And Montana: The Central Flyway Study, Michael A. Johnson, Thomas C. Hinz, Thomas L. Kuck Apr 1987

Duck Nest Success And Predators In North Dakota, South Dakota, And Montana: The Central Flyway Study, Michael A. Johnson, Thomas C. Hinz, Thomas L. Kuck

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Data on duck nest success and the distribution and abundance of nest predators were obtained from nine study areas in North Dakota, South Dakota and Montana. Success rates were extremely low due to predation and duck production over much of the region may be insufficient to maintain populations.

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Results Of A Bird Damage Survey Of Kansas Feedlots, Charles D. Lee Apr 1987

Results Of A Bird Damage Survey Of Kansas Feedlots, Charles D. Lee

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A mail survey was conducted in the Fall of 1986 of 196 licensed Kansas feedlots to get a better idea of the extent as well as kinds of wildlife damage they experience. The results of this survey are being used in designing a research project to help feedlot operators cope with bird damage.

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Cougar Predation On Livestock In New Mexico, January 1983 Through June 1984, Gary A. Littauer, Ronald J. White Apr 1987

Cougar Predation On Livestock In New Mexico, January 1983 Through June 1984, Gary A. Littauer, Ronald J. White

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

A telephone survey was conducted in which the objective was to obtain information from the entire population of livestock producers in New Mexico who had losses to cougars (Felis concolor) in 1983 and the first six months of 1984. A total of 103 ranchers reported losses in 1983 and 60 reported losses in the first six months of 1984. Verified (by examination of kills) losses of sheep and lambs to cougars totaled 1,202 in 1983 and 525 in the first half of 1984. Verified losses of cattle and calves totaled 230 in 1983 and 102 in the first half of …

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Policy And Goals On National Wildlife Refuges, Len Mcdaniels Apr 1987

Policy And Goals On National Wildlife Refuges, Len Mcdaniels

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The information that I am to present is the National Wildlife Refuge policy in regard to predator control. One of the goals of the National Wildlife Refuge System is to perpetuate the migratory bird resource. Since 1983 the policy of animal control on National Wildlife Refuges is to assess the effects of predation on breeding ducks; and, if predators are compromising waterfowl production, controls may be implemented. However, in reading the manual for policy on predator control, I found there are a lot of "hoops" to jump through before starting a predator control program.

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Should Ducks Be Frightened?, William K. Pfeifer, Steven D. Fairaizl Apr 1987

Should Ducks Be Frightened?, William K. Pfeifer, Steven D. Fairaizl

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The most common method of resolving waterfowl depredations to small grains is to scare ducks using mechanical scare devices or pyrotechnics. Scaring techniques, however, cause waterfowl to damage, by trampling, up to twice the amount of grain consumed. Conditions such as weather, harvest stage, cultural techniques, farm equipment, length of damage season, availability of alternative feeding sites, and waterfowl population could combine to increase trampling losses. These conditions should be evaluated to determine if large scale scaring projects may actually increase damages to small grains.

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South Dakota—Its History, Land, And Wildlife, Chuck Post Apr 1987

South Dakota—Its History, Land, And Wildlife, Chuck Post

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

South Dakota, duh KOH tuh, was named for the Dakota, or Sioux Indians who lived in this region before the white man came. In addition to the Sioux, two other tribes lived in the area before the white man. The Arikara built permanent homes and raised crops while the Cheyenne lived mostly by hunting. The wandering Sioux were hunters and warriors who moved from place to place following the great herds of bison.

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Endangered Species Considerations In Prairie Dog Management, Max Schroeder Apr 1987

Endangered Species Considerations In Prairie Dog Management, Max Schroeder

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Past management of the prairie dog has more often than not resulted in the reduction of prairie dog ecosystems upon which one endangered species, the black-footed ferret, depends. This species and over 400 other species found in the United States and its Territories are currently protected by the Endangered Species Act. The current Endangered Species Act had its start in 1964. At that time, the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife selected a committee of individuals to determine which animal species in the United States were threatened or endangered with extinction. These individuals, with the help of some 300 other …

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Rodenticidal Effects Of Zinc Phosphide And Strychnine Of Nontarget Species, Daniel W. Uresk, Rudy M. King, Anthony D. Apa, Michele S. Deisch, Raymond L. Linder Apr 1987

Rodenticidal Effects Of Zinc Phosphide And Strychnine Of Nontarget Species, Daniel W. Uresk, Rudy M. King, Anthony D. Apa, Michele S. Deisch, Raymond L. Linder

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

When three rodenticide treatments—zinc phosphide (prebaited) and strychnine (both with and without prebait)were evaluated, zinc phosphide was the most effective in reducing active burrows of prairie dogs; but, it also resulted in a reduction in deer mouse densities. One month after treatment, counts of fecal pellets of eastern cottontails were greater on areas treated with strychnine without prebait than on sites treated with zinc phosphide. Eight months after treatment, no differences could be detected among rodenticides for either leporid. Horned lark densities were reduced 61% on sites treated with strychnine only.

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Bullsnake Predation On Waterfowl Nests On Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, Scott S. Glup, Leonard L. Mcdaniel Apr 1987

Bullsnake Predation On Waterfowl Nests On Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, Scott S. Glup, Leonard L. Mcdaniel

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Bullsnake (Pituophis melanoleucus) predation on upland nesting ducks was monitored on Valentine National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) from 1982-86. The fate of 1,999 duck nests of 9 species was observed under different treatments of land use and control of potential nest predators. Maximum potential levels of bullsnake depredation are masked by nest destruction by mammalian species; bullsnake nest depredation rates were >65% where mammalian predators were controlled, >40% without predator control and <4.0% where both mammalian and reptilian predators were controlled and/or excluded. Duck nest densities were dramatically increased where predator control was accomplished in undisturbed nesting cover.

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Field Evaluation Of Olfactory Attractants And Strategies Used To Capture Depredating Coyotes, George E. Graves, Major L. Boddicker Apr 1987

Field Evaluation Of Olfactory Attractants And Strategies Used To Capture Depredating Coyotes, George E. Graves, Major L. Boddicker

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Forty-five experimental and commercial olfactory attractants (lures) were tested under field conditions over a 30-month period to evaluate attractiveness to coyotes, elicited behaviors, and responses with lethal and simulated lethal coyote capture devices. The top 7 lures evaluated in spring and summer test periods that produced the highest simulated coyote capture rates with trap rings, M-44 heads, and break-away snares were WU 15-20%, Sheep Liver Extract, and (Carman's) Canine Distance Call Lure; (Carman's) Final Touch, Rotten Meat Odor, and TMAD 10%; and Estrous Urine Fractions, respectively.

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Distribution And Impact Of Canada Goose Crop Damage In East-Central Wisconsin, James W. Heinrich, Scott R. Craven Apr 1987

Distribution And Impact Of Canada Goose Crop Damage In East-Central Wisconsin, James W. Heinrich, Scott R. Craven

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Near Horicon marsh, in east-central Wisconsin, increasing fall concentrations of Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have produced many opportunities, and a few difficult problems. The problem of crop depredations has plagued the Horicon area since the mid-1960's and has resulted in many changes in goose management in Wisconsin.

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Kansas Wildlife Damage Reporting System, Bart L. Hettenbach Apr 1987

Kansas Wildlife Damage Reporting System, Bart L. Hettenbach

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In the past several years Kansas State University's Extension Wildlife Damage Control Program and the Kansas Fish and Game agency have developed a cooperative program for reporting wildlife damage complaints. The paper will present some data collected, describe the usefulness of this data and provide some data interpretation.

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Management Of Prairie Dog Populations In Wind Cave National Park, Richard W. Klukas Apr 1987

Management Of Prairie Dog Populations In Wind Cave National Park, Richard W. Klukas

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Since the late 1920's there have been periodic control programs on black-tailed prairie dogs in Wind Cave National Park. The most recent control effort, which began in 1982, resulted in the reduction of total dogtown acreage from 2,000 to 750 acres. Recent studies carried out within the park have provided managers with more soundly based justification for carrying out control programs. The same information also points to the importance of maintaining prairie dog populations at or above certain minimum levels and the need for integrating this control program with several of the other resource management programs being carried out in …

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An Evaluation Of Shooting And Habitat Alteration For Control Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs, Craig J. Knowles Apr 1987

An Evaluation Of Shooting And Habitat Alteration For Control Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs, Craig J. Knowles

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Shooting at two incipient black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies remover from 12.8 to 17.3 prairie dogs/ha vith reduction of adults averaging 69%. Habitat was physically altered in a portion of one prairie dog colony and activity levels between treated and non-treated areas dia not show any consistent differences.

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