Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Demography And Population Dynamics Of Prairie Dogs, John L. Hoogland, Diane Kay Angell, James G. Daley, Matthew C. Radcliffe

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

For the last 14 years, we have been studying the sociobiology, demography, and population dynamics of blacktailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. Our study colony covers 6.6 hectares (16 acres) and has not expanded during the period of research; in late spring of each year the colony contains a mean ± SD of 133 ± 29 adults and yearlings and 81 ± 33 juveniles. We have discovered four surprising aspects of the demography and populations dynamics of prairie dogs. (1) Mortality during the first year is approximately 50% for both sexes. Those males that …

Increasing Waterfowl Production On Points And Islands By Reducing Mammalian Predation, John T. Lokemoen, Richard W. Schnaderbeck, Robert Woodward

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

On 12 points, with electric predator barriers, there were 0.84 duck nests per acre with a hatching rate of 60%. On 12 control points, there were 0.23 nests per acre with a hatching rate of 8%. On 9 islands where predators were removed, there were 851 nests in 1986 with 87% nest success. In 1984 and 1985, before predators were controlled, these islands contained 52 nests with 8% nest success. The management cost to produce hatched young on treated points was $7.13 compared with $0.33 for each hatched young on islands.

Relevant Characteristics Of Zinc Phosphide As A Rodenticide, Rex E. Marsh

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Zinc phosphide has a long history of use and remains an important rodenticide for both commensal and select field rodents. A long list of significant characteristics contributes to its relative safety to nontarget species. It is zinc phosphide's relative safeness to humans, most livestock, and nontarget wildlife that has kept it in vogue, A most relevant and highly proclaimed characteristic is its general lack of potential secondary hazard to predators and scavengers. Poor or inconsistent efficacy on certain field rodents is a major shortcoming that can, in part, be compensated for by prebaiting. Zinc phosphide's favorable characteristics support its continued …

White-Tailed Prairie Dog Ecology In Wyoming, George E. Menkens Jr., Brian J. Miller, Stanley H. Anderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

White-tailed prairie dog populations and habitats were studied on six towns in Wyoming. Habitats and habitat structure varied greatly both within and between towns. Prairie dog populations on each town were found to fluctuate by more than 50% between consecutive years. Prairie dog density was not significantly related to burrow density indicating that burrow density was not a useful predictor of population density.

A Field Habitat Model For Black-Footed Ferrets, Brian J. Miller, George E. Menkens Jr., Stanley H. Anderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We present a model to compare prairie dog complexes with known black-footed ferret habitat. The model assumes: 1) black-footed ferret populations require prairie dog colonies for survival, 2) prairie dog colonies can accommodate an additional black-footed ferret for each approximate 50 hectare increase in size, 3) a higher percentage of overall area covered by prairie dogs can accommodate more black-footed ferrets. We list four biological variables. They are: 1) total hectares in prairie dog colonies, 2) percent of total complex inhabited by prairie dogs, 3) intercolony distance, 4) an estimate of burrow density per hectare. In addition, two non-biological parameters …

Efficacy Of Aluminum Phosphide For Black-Tailed Prairie Dog And Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher Control, P. Rodger Moline, Stephen Demarais

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The efficacy of aluminum phosphide was tested on a total of 300 active black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) mounds and 68 active yellow-faced pocket gopher (Pappogeomys castanops) tunnels during June-August, 1986 on the southern Great Plains in Lubbock County, Texas. Efficacy of aluminum phosphide was higher than controls (P < 0.001) for both species. Efficacy was higher for black-tailed prairie dogs (94.7 - 96.0%) than for pocket gophers (61.5 - 85.7%). Soil porosity and moisture appeared to influence efficacy for yellow—faced pocket gophers.

Current And Future Status Of Rodenticides And Predacides, Steve Palmateer

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I appreciate the opportunity to convey the current and future status of rodenticides and predacides at this workshop. According to the computer, the Agency has 2,888 products classified as vertebrate control agents. The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act tends to clump all vertebrate pesticides as rodenticides. This includes fish toxicants such as TFM; bird toxicants and repellents such as Starlicide and Avitrol; dog repellents such as lemongrass oil; bat toxicants and repellents such as naphthalene; commensal rodent toxicants such as warfarin, diphacinone, bromadiolone, brodifacoum, and red squill; field use rodenticides for many species (e.g., prairie dogs, ground squirrels) using …

Involving The Public In Prairie Dog Management On The Nebraska National Forest, George Probasco

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Scoping is the formal name for a process designed to identify public issues and incorporate public values into the decision making process for management of public lands. Scoping ensures that a public agency, in this case the Nebraska National Forest, will identify important issues and develop alternative management strategies for projects in full public view. Scoping has specific and fairly limited objectives: (a) to identify the affected public and agency concerns; (b) to facilitate an efficient analysis of the environmental impacts; (c) to define the issues and alternatives that will be examined in detail; and (d) to make sure that …

Fencing Methods To Control Big Game Damage To Stored Crops In Wyoming, John F. Schneidmiller

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Fighting damage to stored crops by big game animals is both costly and time consuming. Fencing methods are the most suitable means to prevent big game damage to stored crops. Experimentation in fencing methods is ongoing to find the best and most cost effective solution to this problem.

Small Mammals: Pests Or Vital Components Of The Ecosystem, Carolyn Hull Sieg

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Small mammals regarded as "pests" should not be viewed separately from other components in the ecosystem. Small mammals have significant influences on vegetation and soils, exert predatory pressure on other animals, and provide food for predators. Future management efforts should include consideration of these diverse influences.

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 11, Apr. 1987, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Predator Management To Increase Duck Nest Success, Harold A. Doty, Anthony J. Rondeau

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Operational programs of seasonal predator management to increase duck production may be economically feasible. Mammalian predators of nesting ducks and their eggs were reduced in numbers on selected areas of west central Minnesota during the nesting seasons 1982-86. Where predators were removed, nest success averaged 30% while nest success on nearby untreated habitat was 10%.

Wetlands Board Bulletin Vol Ii, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• Tidal Marsh Inventories List.
• 1987 Session Virginia Acts of Assembly Checklist For Wetlands Board Meetings and Public Hearings Wetland Board Opening Statement

A Test Of Habitat Evaluation Models Using Avian Densities, Jeremy B. Cable

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Use Of Climatic Data To Identify Potential Sites In The United States For Growing Papaver Bracteatum As A Pharmaceutical Crop, R.E. Neild

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A procedure utilizing maps in the National Climatic Atlas was used to survey the United States to find areas for domesticating Papaver bracteatum, a wild poppy from the Trans-Causasus. This poppy had unique properties which make it a possible heroinless source of codeine. Climatic conditions similar to the native habitat and requirements of Papaver bracteatum can be found in areas of western Utah, northern Nevada, southern Idaho, eastern Washington and Oregon, northeastern California and southwestern Wyoming. A detailed climatic analysis was made to evaluate more specific locations within this large area. A site near Medford, Oregon was selected as best …

The Probe, Issue 71 - March/April 1987

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
EPA audit of the Denver Wildlife Research Center
APHIS Activity Report
Golf Handicaps
APHIS Wins Award
Great Plains Workshop
Letters to the Editor
"Home Free," ultrasonic pest control devices
Trapping in Wilderness Areas
Fur and Beauty Pageants

Monthly Planet, 1987, March, Amy Morrison, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 19, No. 1 March 1987

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ECOLOGY OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN UPLAND PONDEROSA PINE HABITAT IN SOUTHEASTERN MONTANA ▪ G. L. Dusek

PRECISION AND BIAS OF A SUMMER AERIAL TRANSECT CENSUS OF PRONGHORN ANTELOPE ▪ S. H. Allen and J. M. Samuelson

ACTIVITY PATTERNS, MOVEMENTS, AND HOME RANGES OF PRAIRIE MINK ▪ T. W. Arnold and E. K. Fritzell

BRYOPHYTES OF THE SOUTH UNIT OF THEODORE ROOSEVELT NATIONAL PARK, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ C. L. Blaney and D. H. Norris

FALL FOOD HABITS OF WILD TURKEYS IN SOUTH CENTRAL …

Polinices Predation Patterns And Mercenaria Morphology Models, John A. Commito

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

DeAngelis et al. (1985) have described a model of the evolutionary response of bivalve prey to size-selective naticid snail predation. The model analyzed "the allocation of bivalve energy among reproduction, overall growth in size, and supplementary growth in shell thickness" (p. 818). Using parameter values for Polinices duplicatus as the predator and Mercenaria mercenaria as the prey, the model predicted three optimal strategies for bivalves faced with naticid predation: (1) delayed reproduction with energy diverted into rapid growth in order to reach a size refuge; (2) early reproduction, possibly with some extra shell thickness; and (3) greatly increased shell thickness …

Why Do Possums Survive Aerial Poisoning Operations?, D. R. Morgan, C. L. Batcheler, J. A. Peters

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Major causes of failure of aerial poisoning operations against possums identified were: sublethal toxic loading, undersize sublethal baits, nonlearned behavioral aversion to 1080, and failure to encounter bait. Dislike of bait was not a major cause of failure.

Progress has been made towards solving these problems, but failure to encounter bait remains a likely major reason for possums surviving aerial poisoning. Improvements in the aerial sowing of bait are essential if the full benefit of this progress is to be realized.

Plagues Of The House Mouse In South Eastern Australia, Glen Saunders

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 12th (1986)

Plagues of the house mouse (Mus musculus) occur at irregular intervals throughout the agricultural regions of south-eastern Australia. This paper discusses these phenomena in terms of their impact on agricultural production, previous attempts to reduce damage and levels of infestation, and associated environmental implications. Consideration is also given to the accurate prediction of mouse plagues and the control strategies which need to be in place if effective management is to become a reality.

Simulation Modeling On The Macintosh Using Stella, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

STELLA (Structured Thinking Experimental Learning Laboratory with Animation) is a computer application for Macintosh that allows model building for the biologist.

Monthly Planet, 1987, February, Amy Morrison, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

Maine Acid Rain Study : Reports, Maine Department Of Environmental Protection

Maine Collection

Maine Acid Rain Study : Reports

Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine (February, 1987).

Contents: Acid Rain Precursor Inventory and Evaluation / Modeled Sulfur Deposition in Maine / High Elevation Lake Monitoring in Maine

The Probe, Issue 70 - February 1987

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

THE PROBE
National Animal Damage Control Association
FEBRUARY 1987 NUMBER 70
Animal Damage Control
APHIS Report
New Mexico Problems
City Critters
Strychnine
1080 Protective Collar
M-44
Ultrasonics
Mouse Attacks Driver
Letters to Ye Ed
NADCA

Competition For Food And Space In A Heteromyid Community In The Great Basin Desert, Cliff A. Lemen, Patricia W. Freeman

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

ABSTRACT.—A series of removal experiments were performed on Dipodomys merriami, D. microps, and Perognathus longimembris to test for the importance of competition for food and microhabitats in a heteromyid community in the Great Basin Desert. Each of these species was removed singly to determine the short-term effects on the microhabitat preferences of the remaining species. We correctly predicted, based on differences in diet, that the removal of D. microps (a foliovore) would have no effect on D. merriami or P. longimembris (granivores). Using the dominance hierarchy theory, we correctly predicted that removal of a larger heteromyid, D. merriami …

Chesapeake Bay Fisheries: An Overview, Herbert M. Austin

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The value of the marine resources of the Chesapeake Bay is second only to its value as a transportation corridor. The oyster, blue crab and striped bass or rock fish, along with the sailboat, epitomize our vision of the Bay. Nowhere else do such important renewable natural resources co-exist so closely to man's residential and industrial activities.

Over time, all natural resource distribution and abundance fluctuates in response to a normally fluctuating environment. Man's harvest adds an additional pressure, and in some cases recruitment levels cannot keep pace with consumer demand. In the Bay, pollutants, both intentional point source discharge, …

A Socio-Economic Overview Of The Chesapeake Bay Fisheries, James E. Kirkley

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The marine resources of the Chesapeake Bay are believed to provide substantial benefit to residents of the State of Maryland and Virginia. However, the possibility of overfishing and degradation of the marine environment seriously jeopardizes the possible benefit . In thsi section, a brief overview of the economic importance and characteristics of the Chesapeake Bay marine resources is presented. The potential for economic lossee are discussed relative to observed economic values.

Submerged And Emergent Aquatic Vegetation Of The Chesapeake Bay, Carl Hershner, Richard L. Wetzel

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Chesapeake Bay supports a diverse assemblage of submerged and emergent aquatic vegetation. The distribution of species of each kind of vegetation is governed largely by salinity. The functions of both submerged and emergent vegetation in the Bay ecosystem includes contributing to total net primary production, service a habitat and performance in both water quality and sedimentation processes. Research on submerged aquatic vegetation is focused on its role in the estuarine system and determinants of its distribution and abundance. Research on emergent vegetation still concerns basic questions of structure and function, but has also branched into methodologies for utilization by man …

Organic Chemicals In Sediments From The Lower Chesapeake Bay, R. J. Huggett, P. O. Defur

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Many of the toxic organic chemicals affecting the marine environment are hydrophobic and associate with sediments. Sediments can accumulate the substances over long intervals and store them after the original source of the toxic material has been eliminated. Contaminated sediments can provide small but damaging amounts of the to.xicant to the overlying water for decades. For example, more than 10 years after the discovery of Kepone in the James River, Virginia, much of the James' fisheries ·is still closed because Kepone levels are above federal action levels.