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Articles 46981 - 47010 of 52492

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Maritime Boundaries Between Trinidad And Tobago/Venezuela/Barbados And Grenada - Its Impact On Offshore Oil, Patty Marajh Jan 1987

Maritime Boundaries Between Trinidad And Tobago/Venezuela/Barbados And Grenada - Its Impact On Offshore Oil, Patty Marajh

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The future of the economy of Trinidad and Tobago is heavily dependent upon the exploitation of the hydrocarbon resources in its continental shelf. Trinidad's geographical proximity to the Venezuelan mainland is relevant because both states share the same continental shelf in areas not delimited by the 1942 gulf of Paria Treaty. The continental shelves of Barbados and Grenada also intersect and these areas have not been delimited and defined by any agreement. The current expansion of the exploration and exploitation of crude oil and natural gas have raised several problems within recent years. This thesis will focus attention to the …


Alternative Federal Outer Continental Shelf Oil And Gas Leasing Procedures: Lessons From Programs In Alabama And Texas, Christopher Watson Lynch Jan 1987

Alternative Federal Outer Continental Shelf Oil And Gas Leasing Procedures: Lessons From Programs In Alabama And Texas, Christopher Watson Lynch

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This study is a comparative analysis of the offshore oil and gas leasing programs of Alabama, Texas, and the Federal government. It focuses upon the legal and political, rather than resource, technological, or economic problems that have left the Federal program with a record of unmet expectations and growing frustration. The long history of turmoil that has embroiled the Federal leasing program since the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill and Arab oil crises is reviewed. The leasing and regulatory programs of Alabama, Texas, and the Federal government are outlined. Alternatives to current Federal procedures, reflecting State practices, are considered, including …


The Exclusive Economic Zone-Considerations For Management With Special Reference To Developing Nations, John G. Catena Jan 1987

The Exclusive Economic Zone-Considerations For Management With Special Reference To Developing Nations, John G. Catena

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Having successfully initiated and developed the legal aspects of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) the challenge which now arises for the developing coastal nations is to implement an ocean management system to more fully realize the potential benefits of extended jurisdiction. This study discusses the needs and problems developing nations may encounter in developing such a management system and also considers the ways and means to meet these needs and overcome these problems. The study suggests that coastal nations should adopt an integrated three phased ocean policy process consisting of a (1) priority establishment phase (policy formulation) (2) strategic phase …


Licensing Of The U. S. Maritime Personnel: The International Impacts, Warren G. Schneeweis Jan 1987

Licensing Of The U. S. Maritime Personnel: The International Impacts, Warren G. Schneeweis

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper examines the international and Federal efforts to enhance safety at sea and the protection of the marine environment through the development of standards to improve the training and strengthen the professional qualifications of seafarers. Special regard is made to the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, signed by the United States in 1979, and to the proposed amendments to the Federal regulations for licensing U. S. maritime personnel which will bring the U. S. licensing scheme in general conformance with that Convention. This research should lessen resistance to U. S. ratification of …


Impacts Of Stocking Herbivorous Fishes For Aquatic Macophyte Removal Upon South Dakota Ponds, John Christopher Young Jan 1987

Impacts Of Stocking Herbivorous Fishes For Aquatic Macophyte Removal Upon South Dakota Ponds, John Christopher Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aquatic macrophyte removal by herbivorous fishes was investigated to determine changes in the predator-prey relationship of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, and bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, stocked into 15 prairie ponds. Monosex grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and hybrid grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella x Hypophthalmicthys nobilis, were each stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into five study ponds. Largemouth bass and bluegills were each stocked into 12 study ponds at 247 fish/hectare in July, and 1235 fish/hectare in September, 1984, respectively. Additional largemouth bass were stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into nine study ponds in July, 1985. Conductivity was the …


Forest Conservation In Nepal: Encouraging Women's Participation, Augusta Molnar Jan 1987

Forest Conservation In Nepal: Encouraging Women's Participation, Augusta Molnar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This issue of SEEDS focuses on ways in which women have been involved in a government forest conservation and restoration program in Nepal. As is common with many large-scale projects with a general impact, women were not a direct focus of the project's original design. As activities got underway, however, both the Nepali staff and their expatriate colleagues quickly realized that the direct involvement of women was crucial to the success of the project's participatory strategy. Over the initial five years, 1980 to 1985, a number of approaches to addressing women's needs and generating their active participation were tried. The …


Habitat Selection And Sexual Suggestion Of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Larry J. Layne Jan 1987

Habitat Selection And Sexual Suggestion Of Rocky Mountain Bighorn Sheep In Custer State Park, South Dakota, Larry J. Layne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Spatial segregation between Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis canadensis) ram and ewe herds has been documented by Geist (1971), Geist and Petocz (1977), Shank (1979), Morgantini and Hudson (1981), and Hogg (1983), where ram herds consist of mature males approximately 4 years old and older and ewe herds are comprised of all other individuals. Geist (1971), Shank (1979), and Hogg (1983) have shown that segregation occurs year-round except during the breeding season (November and December) when the sexes congregate on a traditional breeding range (cf. Geist 1971, p 209). These studies also have shown that the sexes remain separated …


Unsteady Flow Modeling Of The Releases From Glen Canyon Dam At Selected Locations In The Grand Canyon, Jerold F. Lazenby Jan 1987

Unsteady Flow Modeling Of The Releases From Glen Canyon Dam At Selected Locations In The Grand Canyon, Jerold F. Lazenby

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.


Aerial Photography Comparison Of 1983 High Flow Impact To Vegetation At Eight Colorado River Beaches, Nancy J. Brian Jan 1987

Aerial Photography Comparison Of 1983 High Flow Impact To Vegetation At Eight Colorado River Beaches, Nancy J. Brian

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.


Microhabitat Selection And Diel Movements Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Introduced Into Mid-Elevation Reservoirs In Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Roger Tabor Jan 1987

Microhabitat Selection And Diel Movements Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) Introduced Into Mid-Elevation Reservoirs In Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Roger Tabor

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

The distribution and movement patterns of fingerling rainbow trout stocked into reservoirs in Utah were investigated with · SCUBA observations and by vertical gill netting. For several weeks after stocking, fingerling trout (ca. 80 mm standard length) were strongly oriented to the shore, and selected habitats providing cover. During the underwater observations, no fish were seen below depths of 2 meters. Two weeks after stocking, the fingerlings were most abundant under docks near where they were planted, indicating that dispersal was relatively slow. Jacob's electivity indices for natural substrates in water 0-1.5 meter deep were in sand, gravel, cobble, boulders …


Importance Of Predation By Adult Trout On Mortality Rates Of Fingerling Rainbow Trout Stocked In East Canyon Reservoir, Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh Jan 1987

Importance Of Predation By Adult Trout On Mortality Rates Of Fingerling Rainbow Trout Stocked In East Canyon Reservoir, Utah, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Personnel from Utah State University, working in cooperation with the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources and the Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, are attempting to determine various sources of mortality of fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) stocked into mid-elevation reservoirs in the State. Returns of planted fish are often much below desired levels. Angler surveys indicate that in East Canyon Reservoir, fishermen harvest only about 30% of the fingerling trout stocked, and this is a much higher return than in many other waters.


Adobe Town - Ferris Mountains Wilderness Environmental Impact Statement Final, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1987

Adobe Town - Ferris Mountains Wilderness Environmental Impact Statement Final, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management

Final environmental Impact Statements (UT)

This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) analyzes the impacts that would result from designating or not designating three wilderness study areas as wilderness. The proposed action recommends a portion of WSAs 030-401/040-408 Adobe Town for wilderness designation (10,920 acres) and a portion for nonwilderness designation (74,790 acres). The proposed action also recommends all of WSA 030-407 Ferris Mountains for wilderness designation (22,245 acres). Several significant environmental issues were developed during the study process. Issues common to both WSAs include: (1) impacts on wilderness values, (2) impacts on energy and mineral development, (3) impacts on raptors, and (4) impacts on recreational off-road …


San Juan Resource Management Plan, Proposed Resource Management Plan, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 2, United States Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1987

San Juan Resource Management Plan, Proposed Resource Management Plan, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 2, United States Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Volume 2 of the San Juan Proposed Resource Management Plan (RMP) and Final Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) contains copies of the public and agency comments received on the draft and the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM's) responses to those comments.


San Juan Resource Management Plan, Proposed Resource Management Plan, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 1, United States Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1987

San Juan Resource Management Plan, Proposed Resource Management Plan, Final Environmental Impact Statement, Volume 1, United States Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The San Juan proposed RMP and final EIS is bound in two volumes. Volume 1 contains the proposed RMP and part of the final EIS; volume 2, the remainder of the final EIS.


A Prototype For Quality: Bryce Canyon National Park Interpretive Prospectus, 1987, United States Department Of The Interior, National Park Service Jan 1987

A Prototype For Quality: Bryce Canyon National Park Interpretive Prospectus, 1987, United States Department Of The Interior, National Park Service

Parks and Reserves

To ensure maximum coordination of message delivery, personal service efforts should be orchestrated as a result of annual (winter season) planning sessions involving TW Services, Bryce/Zion Trail Rides, and park personnel. Such planning should coordinate general summer season schedules, brainstorm new program ideas and service proposals, and establish procedures for monitoring and evaluation. This is also an opportunity to identify high priority messages regarding resources, events, new services, and park management pertinent in the coming season; in this manner, emphases for seasonal training are established.


Colorado River Salinity Control Program Final Environmental Impact Statement For Big Sandy River Unit, Sublette And Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Jan 1987

Colorado River Salinity Control Program Final Environmental Impact Statement For Big Sandy River Unit, Sublette And Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming, United States Department Of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service

Environmental Assessments (NV)

No abstract provided.


Pesticide Use And Toxicology In Relation To Wildlife: Organophosphorus And Carbamate , Compounds, Gregory J. Smith, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Fish And Wildlife Service Jan 1987

Pesticide Use And Toxicology In Relation To Wildlife: Organophosphorus And Carbamate , Compounds, Gregory J. Smith, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Fish And Wildlife Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The use of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides has increased markedly during the past two decades. Currently, more than 100 different organophosphorus and carbamate chemicals are registered as the active ingredients in thousands of different pesticide products in the United States. More than 160 million acre-treatments of these pesticides are estimated to be applied to agricultural crops and forests each year. Clearly, these two groups of chemicals constitute a major portion of all pesticides used today. Organophosphorus and carbamate compounds have histories dating back long before their use as pesticides. Carbamates were developed during investigation of "ordeal" poisons used in Africa …


Final Environmental Impact Statement: Proposed Resource Management Plan For The Washakie Resource Area, Wyoming, U.S. Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1987

Final Environmental Impact Statement: Proposed Resource Management Plan For The Washakie Resource Area, Wyoming, U.S. Bureau Of Land Management

Final Environmental Impact Statements (WY)

The focus of this Final EIS is on the Proposed Plan. This document presents a complet comprehensive Proposed Plan for the Washakie Resource Area in Chapter 2. Because portions of the Draft RMPEIS have not bee reprinted, this document should be used together with the Draft RMP/EIS for a full description of all alternatives considered and their potential environmental impacts.


Impact Of Grazing Systems On Rodent And Cottontail Rabbit Populations In South Texas, Meenakshi Nagendran Jan 1987

Impact Of Grazing Systems On Rodent And Cottontail Rabbit Populations In South Texas, Meenakshi Nagendran

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Study sites were established at Rob and Bessie Welder Refuge and Encino Division of the King Ranch in south Texas to monitor the impact of Short-duration cell grazing (SDG) and Continuous grazing on small mammal and cottontail rabbit populations. Small mammals were live trapped (With occasional snap trapping) and cottontails were spotlighted. Vertical and horizontal components of vegetative structure were measured in terms of percent cover. There was paucity of rodents on the Welder Refuge – 8 captures for 9705 trap nights. In 1984 127 cottontails/km) and in 1985-1986 64 cottontails were seen along 436.8 km of road transects (.14 …


Biotic Responses On Typha-Monodominant Semipermanent Wetlands To Cattle Grazing, Bryan David Schultz Jan 1987

Biotic Responses On Typha-Monodominant Semipermanent Wetlands To Cattle Grazing, Bryan David Schultz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Changes in the vegetative composition of most palustrine emergent semi-permanent wetlands is primarily a function of water level fluctuation. However, some wetlands do not exhibit vegetational shifts since emergent species such as Typha persist under flooded as well as drought conditions. Numerous techniques to control cattails such as burning and herbicide application have been suggested. The objective of this study was to test the use of cattle grazing as a method of controlling dense cattail stands in semi-permanent wetlands to improve breeding duck habitat. Plots (.81 ha) were established in the emergent zone in each of two wetlands (≤ 4 …


Habitat Use By Beaver Along The Big Sioux River, Charles D. Dieter Jan 1987

Habitat Use By Beaver Along The Big Sioux River, Charles D. Dieter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Habitat utilization and lodge site selection by beaver (Castor canadensis) were investigated during 1985 and 1986 along the Big Sioux River in eastern South Dakota. Because livestock grazing has affected the number and size of trees available for beaver use, the study area was portioned into grazed, ungrazed, and farmed habitat. Diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees in grazed areas was greater (p < 0.01) than in ungrazed or farmed areas. Almost half (48%) of the trees in ungrazed areas were small (DBH < 7.5 cm), while a majority (58%) of the trees in grazed areas had large diameters (DBH > 30 cm). Beaver activity was evident on 286 of 2410 (11.8%) trees (DBH > 2.5 cm) and 756 of 7,794 (9.7%) stems (DBH < 2.5cm) sampled. A greater proportion (p < 0.01) of trees were cut by beavers in ungrazed than in grazed areas. Beaver did not select tree species for cutting according to availability (p < 0.01). Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) was selected for cutting while both boxelder (Acer negundo) and hawthorn (Crataegus mollis) were selected against. Sandbar willow (Salix exigua) stems were important for food and building materials. Trees cut by beaver were significantly smaller in diameter (p < 0.01) than uncut trees. Mean distance from water of cut trees was also less (p < 0.01) than for uncut trees. Over half (52%) of the trees damaged by beaver were not killed and either resprouted or remained alive and standing. Of 8 variables examined at lodge sites, analysis indicated that the 2 most important factors in beaver lodge site selection were riverbank slope and horizontal cover density between 0.9 m and 1.8 m above ground (read from 10 m). Mean slope of the riverbank at lodge sites (40.7 degrees) was greater (p < 0.01) than at control sites (26.7 degrees), while mean horizontal cover density between 0.9 m and 1.8 m (read from 10 m) was also greater (p < 0.01) at lodge sites (53%) than at control sites (28%). Ungrazed habitat was selected by beaver for lodge sites, and grazed areas were selected against. Although 40% of the study area was ungrazed, 27 of 33 (82%) active lodges were located in these areas. Ungrazed areas along the Big Sioux River are important for beaver populations and selection for these areas by beaver reflects habitat quality.


First Year Growth And Survival Of Walleyes In Power Plant Evaporation And Holding Reservoirs, Michael P. Faler Jan 1987

First Year Growth And Survival Of Walleyes In Power Plant Evaporation And Holding Reservoirs, Michael P. Faler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum) were stocked at a rate of 88 fish/hectare in two South Dakota power plant reservoirs and their growth and survival were monitored for one year. Length, weight, and survival of walleyes were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two reservoirs. The walleyes attained a mean length of 230 mm (range 192 - 265 mm) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 205 mm (range 177-250 mm) in the Holding Reservoir. Mean weights attained by the fish were 104 g (range 65 - 165 g) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 89 g (range 48 - 135 g) in the Holding Reservoir. The growth rates of walleyes in the two reservoirs were inversely related to survival and standing crops. Walleye survival in the Evaporation Reservoir was 1.5% (0.95 C.L., 0.9 - 2.8%) with a standing crop of 0.13 kg/hectare, whereas survival in the Holding Reservoir was 17.2% (0.95 c,L., 13.5 - 22.9%) with a standing crop of 1.33 kg/ hectare. Walleye standing crop estimates, calculated in terms of weight of fish per volume of water beneath the ice, -were similar in the two reservoirs1 standing crops were 0.06 kg/1000 m3 in the Evaporation Reservoir, and 0.08 kg/1000 m3 in the Holding Reservoir. Estimated forage fish standing crops were 1 .21 kg/hectare in the Evaporation Reservoir and 1.91 kg/hectare in the Holding Reservoir.


Rainbow Trout Cage Culture Utilizing Different Strains, Stocking Densities, And Feeding Methods In Eastern South Dakota Dugout Ponds, Jay Patrick Maher Jan 1987

Rainbow Trout Cage Culture Utilizing Different Strains, Stocking Densities, And Feeding Methods In Eastern South Dakota Dugout Ponds, Jay Patrick Maher

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) cage culture techniques were investigated in dugouts as part of a continuing program to evaluate the potential of small-scale, landowner-based aquaculture operations. Trout raised in the study did not reach a marketable size (200 g) due to the short growing season and small size at stocking. No significant (P >0.05) differences in growth were detected between stocking densities of 60, 80, 100, and 120 fish/m³. Demand feeding resulted in significantly greater length (P≤0.01), weight (P≤0.01), and relative weight (P≤0.05) than hand feeding in both years tested. Rainbow trout of the Hildebrand strain reached a significantly greater …


Record Of Decision, Final San Juan River Regional Coal Environmental Impact Statement, United States Bureau Of Land Management Jan 1987

Record Of Decision, Final San Juan River Regional Coal Environmental Impact Statement, United States Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Record of Decision (ROD) is made pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 1505.2 and documents the competitive and non-competitive coal leasing options selected by the Albuquerque District Manager of the Bureau of Land Management and concurred with by the New Mexico State Director.


An Economic Evaluation Of The Oak Creek Range Management Area, Utah, U.S. Forest Service Jan 1987

An Economic Evaluation Of The Oak Creek Range Management Area, Utah, U.S. Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Oak Creek Range Management Area was established in 1978 under the Intermountain Region's Range Validation program to provide information about the overall cost effectiveness of range improvement practices within Pinyon-Juniper ecosystems.


Integrated Pest Management On Rangeland: State Of The Art In The Sagebrush Ecosystem, Jerome A. Onsager, Usda, Agricultural Research Service Jan 1987

Integrated Pest Management On Rangeland: State Of The Art In The Sagebrush Ecosystem, Jerome A. Onsager, Usda, Agricultural Research Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Several sagebrush communities represent optimum levels of negative development plant productivity for certain peculiar sites, and therefore should be managed for their preservation. Other sagebrush communities may be profitably modified to favor forage species that are more palatable to domestic livestock. Modification techniques can range from subtle (i.e., grazing strategies) to tracematic (i.e., brush removal and revegetation), and an associated spectrum of management tactics are described. Interrelationships between and problems associated with management of forage resources, management of weeds, and management of insects (including grasshoppers, black grass bugs, and beneficial insects) are discussed. Economical analyses, the role of modeling as …


Nitrogen Mineralization And Denitrification In Lake Michigan Sediment, Wayne S. Garder, Thomas F. Nalepa, John M. Malczyk Jan 1987

Nitrogen Mineralization And Denitrification In Lake Michigan Sediment, Wayne S. Garder, Thomas F. Nalepa, John M. Malczyk

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Organic nitrogen mineralization mechanisms, fluxes, and fates in Lake Michigan sediments were examined by measuring accumulation rates of inorganic nitrogen in laboratory microcosms. Neither ammonium nor nitrate increased substantially in flow-cell or slurry microcosms of offshore, silty sediments. In experiments with gastight chambers containing "intact" offshore, silty sediment cores (sampled at 45- and 100-m water depths), the total fluxes of nitrogen (NH4+, N03-, and N2) across the sediment-water interface ranged from 14 to 51 µg-atoms N m-2 h-1. Nitrogen gas accounted for 93-98% of the total inorganic nitrogen flux from the …


Acceleration Of Nutrient Uptake By Phytoplankton In A Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem: A Modeling Analysis, Richard C. Zimmerman, James N. Kremer, Richard C. Dugdale Jan 1987

Acceleration Of Nutrient Uptake By Phytoplankton In A Coastal Upwelling Ecosystem: A Modeling Analysis, Richard C. Zimmerman, James N. Kremer, Richard C. Dugdale

OES Faculty Publications

Studies of upwelling centers in the eastern Pacific suggest that maximum rates of nitrate uptake (light and nutrient saturated) increase, or shift-up, as newly upwelled water moves downstream. The rate of shift-up appears to be related to irradiance and the ambient concentration of limiting nutrient at the time of upwelling. A mathematical model was developed to evaluate effects of irradiance and initial nitrate concentration on temporal patterns of shift-up and subsequent time scales of nutrient utilization over a range of simulated upwelling conditions. When rates consistent with field studies were used, complete shift-up was possible only under certain conditions, and …


Distribution Of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In The Chesapeake Bay And Tributaries And Chincoteague Bay - 1986, Robert Orth, Jim Simons, Judith Capelli, Virginia Carter, Adam A. Frisch, Larry Hindman, Stephen Hodges, Kenneth A. Moore, Nancy Rybicki Jan 1987

Distribution Of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation In The Chesapeake Bay And Tributaries And Chincoteague Bay - 1986, Robert Orth, Jim Simons, Judith Capelli, Virginia Carter, Adam A. Frisch, Larry Hindman, Stephen Hodges, Kenneth A. Moore, Nancy Rybicki

Reports

No abstract provided.


Out-Of-Basin Water Exports In Colorado, Lawrence J. Macdonnell, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center Jan 1987

Out-Of-Basin Water Exports In Colorado, Lawrence J. Macdonnell, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Books, Reports, and Studies

14 p. ; 28 cm