Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Effects Of Urbanization On The Quantity And Quality Of Storm Water Runoff Recharging Through Caves Into The Edwards Aquifer, Bexar County, Texas, George Veni

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Eighty-nine caves and sinkholes were investigated in the Edwards Aquifer recharge zone in Bexar County, Texas. The study examined their hydrogeologic and topographic origins and distribution, relationships to major fracture traces, quantity of recharge into the aquifer and degree of sensitivity towards degradation of the aquifer’s water quality. Groundwater traces were attempted to determine aquifer flow routes, time of groundwater travel, groundwater volume within conduits, and the aquifer’s capacity for dilution and dispersion of recharged contaminants. Trends in water quality were examined to quantify the volume and variety of contaminants recharged into the aquifer and to determine the effects of …

Dynamics Of Clastic Sedimentation And Watershed Evolution Within A Low-Relief Karst Drainage Basin, Mammoth Cave Region, Kentucky, John D. Pickle

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

The hydrology and sedimentology of the Mill Hole drainage basin, a low-relief karst system in the Mammoth Cave Region, Kentucky, depend upon the interactions of surface and groundwater drainages and the distribution of lithologies within the basin. This basin is characterized by sinking streams in the headwaters (Glasgow Uplands) draining into cave rivers beneath the sinkhole-pocked plain (sinkhole plain), which, in turn, flow beneath a sandstone-capped upland (Chester Cuesta) and emerge at base-level springs. Karst windows expose the subterranean drainage within the Chester Cuesta.

Geochemistry Of Alteration And Mineralization Of The Wind River Gold Prospect, Skamania County, Washington, Krista I. Mcgowan

Dissertations and Theses

The Wind River gold prospect is located in TSN, R7E of Skamania County, Washington, and is an epithermal gold-quartz vein system hosted in volcanic rocks of the Ohanapecosh Formation, a late Eocene to middle Oligocene unit of calcalkaline chemical composition. Andesitic pyroclastic rocks of the Ohanapecosh Formation are the host of mineralization in the study area, and form the lowest of several stratigraphic subunits. These pyroclastic rocks are overlain by two sequences of lava flows which cap the ridges and are folded by an anticlinal warp over the length of Paradise Ridge, plunging gently to the southeast. Toward the west, …

Geology And Geochemistry Of Hydrothermal Alteration, Eastern Portion Of The North Santiam Mining Area, J. Michael Pollock

Dissertations and Theses

The Ruth Mine is a base-metal vein deposit near the eastern margin of a reported porphyry copper deposit in the Western Cascade Range in Oregon. Uplift of the Western Cascade Range has resulted in a deeply dissected terrain in which more than a kilometer of the stratigraphy overlying the porphyry-style mineralization is preserved and exposed. The stratigraphic units, which are middle Tertiary in age, have been given arbitrary letter designations beginning with the lowest unit (Unit A) through the uppermost unit (Unit D).

Unit A is composed of fragmental rocks of andesitic composition. Overlying and interlayered with Unit A are …

Overview Of Nebraska And The Regional Aquifer From Proceedings Of The 1985 Water Resources Seminar Series, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

During each spring semester, the Nebraska Water Resources Center sponsors a Water Resources Seminar Series at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. The 1985 seminar series was entitled "Aspects of Groundwater Quality." This article appeared in the proceedings.

Groundwater Levels In Nebraska 1984, Michael J. Ellis, Darryll T. Pederson

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

Groundwater Levels In Nebraska, 1984, Michael J. Ellis, Darryll T. Pederson

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

Aspects Of Groundwater Quality Proceedings 1985 Water Resources Seminar Series

Conservation and Survey Division

During each spring semester, the Nebraska Water Resources Center sponsors a Water Resources Seminar Series at the University of Nebraska - Lincoln. The 1985 seminar series was entitled "Aspects of Groundwater Quality".

Fluvial, Tidal And Storm Sedimentation In The Chilhowee Group (Lower Cambrian), Northeastern Tennessee, Mary R. Cudzil

Masters Theses

The Lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group of northeastern Tennessee consists of the Unicoi, Hampton and Erwin Formations and is divided into four facies. Facies G occurs only within the lower 200 m of measured section (the Unicoi Formation) and consists of fine-grained to pebbly quartz wacke with rare thin beds of laminated siltstone. Subfacies Gh consist of low-angle to horizontally laminated, fine-grained sandstone with laminae and lenses of granules and pebbles. Subfacies Gh represents upper flow-regime, overbank deposition within a braided stream system that was proximal to a coastline. Subfacies Gmr consists of medium-scale, planar-tabular cross-stratified conglomerate in which megaripple bedforms …

The Petrology Of The Early Middle Cambrian Giles Creek And Upper Chandler Formations, Northeastern Amadeus Basin, Central Australia, James A. Deckelman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Giles Creek and upper Chandler formations crop out in the northeastern Amadeus Basin from the north flank of Ross River syncline south to the Pillar Range, and from the nose of Ooraminna anticline east to the Simpson Desert. Twenty-four sections of the Giles Creek and nineteen sections of the upper Chandler were measured by the author in this area. The Giles Creek lies disconformably above the upper Chandler Formation and conformably below the Shannon Formation. The upper Chandler is conformably underlain by the lower Chandler throughout the area except at Ross River Gorge and Wallaby No. 1 well. There …

Petrology And Mineralogy Of Tertiary(?) Volcanic Rocks West And Southwest Of Kelton (Box Elder Co.), Utah, R. L. Voit

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Kelton, Utah, area has numerous, isolated basaltic outcrops of probable Tertiary age mostly in the form of cuestas with steep faces displaying columnar joints. One ash-flow tuff is located in the southeastern part of the study area. Basaltic fragments in the tuff indicate that pyroclastic activity was preceded by extrusion of basalt.

Effects of Lake Bonneville on the basaltic outcrops include wave­cut terraces, scarps, and other wave-built forms in low lying areas. Massive carbonate deposits formed at levels of former shorelines of Lake Bonneville. Tertiary and Quaternary deposits cover the low- lying areas between basaltic flows, and consist of …

Petrology Of The Late Proterozoic(?)-Early Cambrian Arumbera Sandstone, Western Macdonnell Ranges, North-Central Amadeus Basin, Central Australia, Lonn P. Hamp

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Arumbera Sandstone consists of mappable informal units which are repeated in a vertical, cyclic succession. Sandstones of fluvial origin form resistant strike ridges separated by strike valleys, which consist of recessive sandstones and mudrocks of marine origin.

Lithofacies 1a, 2b, and 3a are probably of marine origin in intertidal environments. Trace fossil assemblages in lithofacies 3a suggest Skolithos and Cruziana inchnofacies were present. Lithofacies 1e, 2a, 2c, 3b, and 4a are probably of fluvial origin, as the result of coalescing braided stream deposits. The Arumbera Sandstone probably was deposited in a deltaic environment characterized by low wave energy, a …

Parameters Controlling Sediment Composition Of Modern And Pleistocene Jamaican Reefs, Stephen K. Boss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Recent carbonate sediments from Jamaican north coast fringing reefs display variation in constituent composition, texture, and mineralogy related to their location on the reef. Samples were collected along lines which traversed the back reef and fore reef (0.5m to 70m).

The sediment is dominated by highly comminuted coral fragments, plates of the calcareous green alga, Halimeda, coralline algae, and the encrusting Foraminifera, Homotrema rubrum, with lesser amounts of other taxonomic groups (Foraminifera; molluscs; echinoderms). Relative abundances of these biotic components vary between sites. Q-mode cluster analysis indicates that constituent composition can be used to delineate the different reef …

Structural Geology Of Eastern Part Of Dairy Ridge Quadrangle And Western Part Of Meachum Ridge Quadrangle, Utah, Val A. Kienast

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A detailed geologic investigation was made of the eastern part of the Dairy Ridge Quadrangle and the western part of the Meachum Ridge Quadrangle, Utah. The area is located in north-central Utah in Rich County. It lies between lat. 41°22'30" N. and lat. 41°28'50" N. and between long. 111°21'40" W. and long. 111°25'15" W. The area measures 13.8 km in the north-south direction and 5.5 km in the east-west direction. It is on the eastern side of the Wasatch Range about 20 km west-southwest of Randolph, Utah.

Stratigraphic units of Precambrian to Cambrian age crop out in the western part …

Sequential Thrusting Beneath The Willard Thrust Fault, Wasatch Mountains, Ogden, Utah, Tad William Schirmer

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The downstructure of viewing geologic maps, balanced and cross sections, and hanging-wall-sequence diagrams are applied to produce the first comprehensive synthesis of the structure below the willard thrust sheet.

Development of the duplex beneath the Willard thrust may be explained with a "piggyback" thrust model where younger thrust slices form below and fold an older, overlying thrust sheet. Progressive failure of the footwall ramp of the Willard thrust sheet extended the sole thrust eastward and produced a duplex consisting of thrust slices (horses) which adhered to the overriding thrust sheet where it ramped from a lower sole thrust to an …

Petrology And Mineralogy Of Tertiary(?) Volcanic Rocks Of Snowville Area, Utah, And Tertiary-Quaternary(?) Volcanic Rocks Of Table Mountain And Holbrook Areas, Idaho, Yunshuen Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Basalt flows occur in the Snowville area of north-central Utah and the Table Mountain and Holbrook areas of south-central Idaho. All basalt flows are aphanitic in groundmass, and contain olivine, plagioclase, augite, and opaque oxides. They can be distinguished by texture. Snowville basalt has predominantly subophitic to intergranular textures. Table Mountain basalt is fine grained, with stumpy groundmass plagioclase and equant ilmenite crystals. Holbrook basalt has pilotaxitic to intergranular textures, with the presence of plagioclase phenocrysts and characteristic exsolution lamellae in Fe-Ti oxides. The olivine grains in Holbrook area are intensely oxidized to Fe-Ti oxides.

Snowville basalt contains olivine phenocrysts …

Structural Geology Of The Northern Part Of Elkhorn Mountain, Bannock Range, Idaho, Stephen R. Crook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Northern Elkhorn Mountain was unmapped previous to this investigation. The mapped area is located north of Malad City, Idaho, in the Bannock Range. It is within the Basin and Range Province. The mapped area measures 5.4 mi. in the north-south direction and 8.9 mi. in the east-west direction.

The oldest exposed stratigraphic unit, within the mapped area, consists of orthoquartzite and is of Early Cambrian age. Cambrian formations of the mapped area, in ascending order, are as follows: Camelback Mountain Quartzite, Gibson Jack Formation, Elkhead Formation, Bloomington Formation, Nounan Formation, and St. Charles Formation. Units of Ordovician age are the …

The Petrology And Mineralogy Of Tertiary(?) Olivine Trachyte In The Harrington Peak Quadrangle, Southeastern Idaho, Amanda Shearer-Fullerton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Harrington Peak Quadrangle is located within the Caribou National Forest of southeast Idaho. Within this quadrangle are outcrops of olivine trachyte of Pliocene(?) age overlying sedimentary rocks of Mississippian to Tertiary age. The region contains thrust faults and later normal faults (generally trending north-south} formed during Basin and Range extension.

The Largest outcrop of olivine trachyte (approximately1 1/2 X 3 km) probably formed as the result of a fissure eruption. Two other outcrop areas show evidence of being sites of local extrusion.

Whole-rock chemical analyses revealed the olivine trachyte to have moderate amounts of SiO₂ and Al_{2O …}

Spring Flow In A Portion Of Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, David Bruce Goings

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Hermit, Monument, Salt, and Horn Creeks flow through four side canyons of the Colorado River within the Grand Canyon. They lie just west of Grand Canyon Village on the south side of the canyon. Each of these creeks is fed by at least one spring.

Comparisons of flow at each of these springs for a 14 month period, and precipitation on the south rim show a close correlation. The lag period between recharge at the rim and discharge at the springs is less than one month for Hermit Creek and between one and two months for the other three creeks. …

Explorations, Vol. 1, No. 2, Jim I. Mead, Emilee M. Mead, Carol J. Bombard, Ronald B. Davis, Marcella H. Sorg

Explorations — A Journal of Research

The cover print is a multi-plate colored etching entitled Skull and Sun Dial, by Susan Groce, Associate Professor of Art at the University of Maine at Orono, where she teaches Printmaking and Drawing.

Articles include:

"The Quaternary"

"Ice Age Plants and Animals: Secrets of the Colorado Plateau," by Jim I. Mead and Emilee M. Mead

"Finding the Facts: Pieces of the Puzzle"

"On Location: In Search of the First Americans"

"A Temporal Vegetational Continuum: From Tundra to Forest," by Carole J. Bombard for Ronald B. Davis

"Anatomy of an Excavation," by Robson Bonnichsen

"What the Bones Tell Us," by …

Fluvial Depositional Processes Of A Tropical River, Colombia, South America, Michael L. Babuin

OES Theses and Dissertations

Fluvial depositional processes along the Rio Magui in south-western Columbia are primarily controlled by localized uplift downstream of the mouth of the river, sediment sources that produce both coarse-and-fine-grained load, and numerous over-bank flows caused by torrential rainfall.

A Geophysical Model Of The Gravity-Magnetic High, Virginia Coastal Plan, Gordon Everett Davison

OES Theses and Dissertations

The coastal plain province of Virginia is characterized by a coincidental gravity and magnetic high separating Appalachian-trend geophysical signatures to the west from non-Appalachian signatures to the east. Two cross-trend gravity and magnetic profiles, one on the Northern Neck of Virginia and one along Interstate Highway 64, were used to interpret the anomalous high. The profile models suggests that the anomaly is characterized by high-density, variably magnetic, east-dipping (60°) crustal blocks. Further information from well-logs indicate that the anomaly is due to meta-mafic rocks of oceanic origin, flanked by low-density, lower susceptibility, granitic units. This suggests that the anomalous gravity-magnetic …

Foraminiferal Paleoenvironments Of The Eastover Formation (Upper Miocene Virginia), Joann H. Goshorn

OES Theses and Dissertations

Sixty-two taxa representing 29 genera from 39 foraminiferal sample pairs have been documented and analyzed in a paleoenvironmental study of the Eastover Formation in southeastern Virginia. The Eastover Formation consists of a lower Claremont Manor Member, a silt fine-grained sand and an upper Cobham Bay Member, a shelly fine grained sand. Planktonic specimens were rare and indicated a late Miocene to early Pliocene age for the Eastover Formation. Benthics were used to interpret paleoenvironments by comparison with data from the distribution of Recent foraminifera, species diversity, planktonic to benthic ratios, and sediment analyses. The foraminifera indicate that the Eastover Formation …

The Effect Of Glaciers On Streamflow Variations, Andrew G. Fountain, Wendell V. Tangborn

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The effect of temperate glaciers on runoff variations is examined for the North Cascade Mountains of Washington State. The principal influences of glaciers on streamflow are often unexpected contributions to streamflow volume, a delay of the maximum seasonal flow, and a decrease in annual and monthly variation of runoff. The delay of maximum flow is caused by temporary englacial storage of spring meltwater and by peak meltwater production occurring in midsummer. The englacial storage, for one case, is 54% of the potential May runoff. An algorithm is presented that calculates the coefficient of variation of runoff for any arbitrary glacier …

Classification, Paleoecology, And Biostratigraphy Of Crinoids From The Stull Shale (Late Pennsylvanian) Of Nebraska, Kansas, And Iowa, Roger K. Pabian, Harrell L. Strimple

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum

Thirteen species of crinoids representing the families Diphuicrinidae, catacrinidae, Pirasocrinidae, Erisocrinidae, Cromyocrinidae, Cymbiocrinidae, Scytalocrinidae, and Ampelocrinidae have been collected from the Stull Shale Member of the Kanwaka Formation in the Shawnee Group of the Virgil Series (Upper Pennsylvanian) from near Weeping Water and Plattsmouth, Nebraska, and near Pacific Junction, Iowa. Exposures of the Stull Shale near Melvern, Kansas, have yielded 14 species of crinoids representing the families Diphuicrinidae, Catacrinidae, Pirasocrinidae, Lophocrinidae Allagecrinidae, Cymbiocrinidae, Erisocrinidae, Apographiocrinidae, and Stellarocrinidae. All but two of the species present in the Stull Shale have been previously reported from other stratigraphic horizons, including the Vinland Shale …

Uses And Abuses Of Wastewater Injection Wells In Hawaii, F. L. Peterson, June Ann Oberdorfer

Faculty Publications

During the past two decades in Hawaii, more than 500 injection wells for the disposal of domestic sewage wastewater have been constructed and operated. Thus far, contamination of potable groundwater supplies has not been a problem. Many of the injection wells, however, have not performed as designed, and aquifer clogging and reduced injection capacity have produced numerous well failures resulting in public health, legal, and financial problems. Factors most commonly responsible for the well problems have been unfavorable hydrogeology, underdesign of injection well capacity, poor effluent quality, and lack of injection well maintenance. Detailed study of clogging mechanisms in the …

Uses And Abuses Of Wastewater Injection Wells In Hawaii, F. L. Peterson, June Ann Oberdorfer

June Ann Oberdorfer

During the past two decades in Hawaii, more than 500 injection wells for the disposal of domestic sewage wastewater have been constructed and operated. Thus far, contamination of potable groundwater supplies has not been a problem. Many of the injection wells, however, have not performed as designed, and aquifer clogging and reduced injection capacity have produced numerous well failures resulting in public health, legal, and financial problems. Factors most commonly responsible for the well problems have been unfavorable hydrogeology, underdesign of injection well capacity, poor effluent quality, and lack of injection well maintenance. Detailed study of clogging mechanisms in the …

Geology And Structure Of Kodachrome Basin State Reserve And Vicinity, Kane And Garfield Counties, Utah, Dwight Hornbacher

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In my efforts to discover source, time, and mechanism of formation of the clastic pipes and dikes found in the region of Kodachrome Basin State Reserve, I found it necessary to understand the depositional environments of the different members and formations within the study area. Mapping and study of the rock units of the Carmel, Entrada, Henrieville, and Tropic-Dakota formations and subsequent comparison with the interpretation of the depositional environments by others working in the same formations in the surrounding region suggest the following history.

The parallel-laminated, siliciclastic sediments and limestones of the Paria River Member of the Carmel Formation …

Late-Quaternary Vegetational History At Jackson Pond Larue County, Kentucky, Gary R. Wilkins

Masters Theses

A 6.2 meter core of lacustrine sediment from Jackson Pond, Larue County, Kentucky represents the first continuous sequence from Kentucky permitting the vegetational reconstruction for the full-glacial through late-Holocene intervals. Jackson Pond is a spring-fed pond situated within a karst-collapse basin underlain by Ste. Genevieve and St. Louis limestone of Mississippian age. The site is located at 37°27'N, 85°30'W, 190 km south of the full-glacial limit of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Six sediment samples submitted for radiocarbon analysis provide an absolute chronology for the site for the last 20,460 years.

From 20,460 yr B.P. to 20,330 …

Flora Of The Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation Of Utah And Colorado; Part Iii, Icacinoxylon Pittiense N. Sp., William D. Tidwell, Gregory F. Thayn, W. L. Stokes

Faculty Publications

Icacinoxylon pittiense, a new species of angiospermous wood from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah is described and compared with similar fossil and modern woods. It is distinguished from other species of Icacinoxylon by its thick-walled fiber-tracheids with their walls making up at least 50% of the total diameter of the cells, conspicuous bordered pits with obliquely crossing extended apertures on both the tangential and radial walls of its fiber-tracheids, scalariform perforation plates with as few as four or greater than 30 bars, transitional opposite to scalariform pitting on its vessel walls, thick-walled ray cells, and distinct sheath …