Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Counting Interesting Elections, Lara Pudwell, Eric Rowland

Lara K. Pudwell

No abstract provided.

List Coloring And N-Monophilic Graphs, Ramin Naimi, Radoslav Kirov

Ramin Naimi

In 1990, Kostochka and Sidorenko proposed studying the smallest number of list-colorings of a graph G among all assignments of lists of a given size n to its vertices. We say a graph G is n-monophilic if this number is minimized when identical n-color lists are assigned to all vertices of G. Kostochka and Sidorenko observed that all chordal graphs are n-monophilic for all n. Donner (1992) showed that every graph is n-monophilic for all sufficiently large n. We prove that all cycles are n-monophilic for all n; we give a complete characterization of 2-monophilic graphs (which turns out to …

Mathematica In Action: Problem-Solving Through Visualization And Computation, Stan Wagon

Stan Wagon, Retired

No abstract provided.

Stacking Blocks And Counting Permutations, Lara Pudwell

Lara K. Pudwell

No abstract provided.

Categorical Approaches To Non-Commutative Fuzzy Logic, Lawrence Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

In this paper we consider what it means for a logic to be non-commutative, how to generate examples of structures with a non-commutative operation * which have enough nice properties to serve as the truth values for a logic. Inference in the propositional logic is gotten from the categorical properties (products, coproducts, monoidal and closed structures, adjoint functors) of the categories of truth values. We then show how to extend this view of propositional logic to a predicate logic using categories of propositions about a type A with functors giving change of type and adjoints giving quantifiers. In the case …

College Algebra In Context With Applications To The Managerial, Life, And Social Sciences, Ronald Harshbarger, Lisa Yocco

Lisa S. Yocco

Harshbarger/Yocco’s College Algebra in Context with Applications for the Managerial, Life, and Social Sciences, Third Edition uses modeling and real-data problems to develop the skills that students will need for their future courses and careers. Applications anticipate the math that students will encounter in their professional lives, giving them the practice they need to become adept problem-solvers. Every chapter begins with the Algebra Toolbox, which reviews the skills and concepts necessary to master the material ahead. This new full-color edition offers a greater number of technology tips, and the content has been reorganized to accommodate a wide range of course …

A Categorical Semantics For Fuzzy Predicate Logic, Lawrence N. Stout

Lawrence N. Stout

The object of this study is to look at categorical approaches to many valued logic, both propositional and predicate, to see how different logical properties result from different parts of the situation. In particular, the relationship between the categorical fabric I introduced at Linz in 2004 and the Fuzzy Logics studied by Hajek (2003) [5], Esteva et al. (2003) [1], and Hajek (1998) [4], comes from restricting the kind of structures used for truth values. We see how the structure of the various kinds of algebras shows up in the categorical logic, giving a variant on natural deduction for these …

Spectral Decomposition Of Kac-Murdock-Szego Matrices, William F. Trench

William F. Trench

No abstract provided.

Characterization And Properties Of Matrices With $K$-Involutory Symmetries Ii, William F. Trench

William F. Trench

No abstract provided.

The 1905 Einstein Equation In A General Mathematical Analysis Model Of Quasars, Byron E. Bell

Byron E. Bell

No abstract provided.

Parts Of The Whole: Observing The State Of The System, Dorothy Wallace

Numeracy

This column draws on the approach of statistician J. Edwards Deming to analyze sources and consequences of variation in an education system. Educational systems are not immune from the effects of poor statistical control, which makes it difficult for teachers to teach effectively and for managers such as principals to improve on school performance. It is also argued that the need for statistical control in these areas is in tension, if not outright conflict, with our goals for educating students.

Two Popular Books For Quantitative Literacy: What The Numbers Say, And The Numbers Game, Robert G. Root

Numeracy

Niederman, Derrick, and Boyum, David. What the Numbers Say: A Field Guide to Mastering Our Numerical World. (New York: Broadway Books/Random House, 2003). 288 pp. Hardcover, ISBN 978-0-7679-0998-3. Paperback, 978-0-7679-0999-0. Available as an eBook.

Blastland, Michael, and Dilnot, Andrew. The Numbers Game: The Commonsense Guide to Understanding Numbers in the News, in Politics and in Life. (New York: Gotham Books/Penguin, 2009). 192 pp. Hardcover, ISBN 978-1-5924-0423-0. Paperback, ISBN 978-1-5924-0485-8. Available as an eBook.

Popular books on quantitative literacy need to be easy to read, reasonably comprehensive in scope, and include examples that are thought-provoking and memorable. In contrast …

Numeracy: Open-Access Publishing To Reduce The Cost Of Scholarly Journals, Todd A. Chavez

Numeracy

Each fiscal year, as academic librarians throughout the United States prepare materials budgets, a national “groan” ensues. Regardless of their format (i.e. print or digital), serial subscription costs are escalating, in the process impacting the role of the library in advancing scholarly communication . This paper examines some of the economic issues concerning open-access (OA) journal publishing. The importance of quantitative literacy is suggested for librarians and academics seeking a better understanding of alternatives to traditional journal subscription models and to anyone considering ventures into OA publishing. Quantitative literacy is essential for managing alternatives to the rising cost of scholarly …

College Algebra In Context: A Project Incorporating Social Issues, Michael T. Catalano

Numeracy

This paper discusses the development of an innovative college algebra text designed for use in a data-driven, activity-oriented college algebra course, incorporating realistic problem situations emphasizing social and economic issues, including hunger and poverty, energy, and the environment. The course incorporates quantitative literacy themes, is informed by existing college algebra texts within the college algebra reform movement, and implements a collaborative pedagogical approach intended to provide future K-12 teachers an alternative model for the teaching of mathematics. The paper contains a short history of the project development phase, supported by an NSF grant (DUE #0442979), as well as the perceived …

An Activity Promoting The Practice Of Quantitative Literacy For Pre– And In–Service Teachers Of Mathematics And Science, Timothy L. Sorey, Teri Willard, Duane Sholz

Numeracy

The purpose of this article is to describe a hands-on, laboratory activity that provided pre-service teachers in mathematics and science methods courses, and also some in-service mathematics teachers, with the opportunity to exercise quantitative literacy (QL) skills. The focus of the activity is electrical resistance, more particularly the resistance (in ohms) that is painted on small resistors by the use of color-coded bands, one of which is a band for % error. The activity consists of four parts. In the first, student teams familiarize themselves with the code, measure the ohmage of resistors for which the codes are visible, and …

Are Statistics Labs Worth The Effort?--Comparison Of Introductory Statistics Courses Using Different Teaching Methods, Jose H. Guardiola, Nadina Duran-Hutchings, Hassan Elsalloukh

Numeracy

This paper compares the academic performance of students in three similar elementary statistics courses taught by the same instructor, but with the lab component differing among the three. One course is traditionally taught without a lab component; the second with a lab component using scenarios and an extensive use of technology, but without explicit coordination between lab and lecture; and the third using a lab component with an extensive use of technology that carefully coordinates the lab with the lecture. Extensive use of technology means, in this context, using Minitab software in the lab section, doing homework and quizzes using …

Envisioning A Quantitative Studies Center: A Liberal Arts Perspective, Gizem Karaali, Philip I. Choi, Sara Owsley Sood, Eric B. Grosfils

Numeracy

Several academic institutions are searching for ways to help students develop their quantitative reasoning abilities and become more adept at higher-level tasks that involve quantitative skills. In this note we study the particular way Pomona College has framed this issue within its own context and what it plans to do about it. To this end we describe our efforts as members of a campus-wide committee that was assigned the duty of investigating the feasibility of founding a quantitative studies center on our campus. These efforts involved analysis of data collected through a faculty questionnaire, discipline-specific input obtained from each departmental …

A Rubric For Assessing Quantitative Reasoning In Written Arguments, Nathan D. Grawe, Neil S. Lutsky, Christopher J. Tassava

Numeracy

This paper introduces a rubric for assessing QR in student papers and analyzes the inter-rater reliability of the instrument based on a reading session involving 11 participants. Despite the disciplinary diversity of the group (which included a faculty member from the arts and literature, two staff members, and representatives from five natural and social science departments), the rubric produced reliable measures of QR use and proficiency in a sample of student papers. Readers agreed on the relevance and extent of QR in 75.0 and 81.9 percent of cases respectively (corresponding to Cohen’s κ= 0.611 and 0.693). A four-category measure of …

Confessions Of A Weak Tie, Joel Best

Numeracy

No abstract provided.

Five Thousand Downloads, H L Vacher

Numeracy

No abstract provided.

Solutions Of A System Of Integral Equations In Orlicz Spaces, Ravi P. Agarwal, Donal O'Regan, Patricia J.Y. Wong

Mathematics and System Engineering Faculty Publications

We consider the following system of integral equations Ui(t) = ∫1gi(t,s)fi(s,u1(s),u2(s),...,un(s))ds, a.e. t [0,1], 1 ≤ i ≤ n. Our aim is to establish criteria such that the above system has a solution (u±,U2,... ,un) where uiLφ (Orlicz space), 1 < i < n. We further investigate the system Ui(t) = ∫1gi(t,s)fi(s,u1(s),u2(s),...,un(s))ds, a.e. t [0,1], 1 ≤ i ≤ n. and establish the existence of constant-sign solutions in Orlicz spaces, i.e., for each 1 ≤ i ≤ n, Oui > 0 and ui G L

Model Pertumbuhan Populasi Berdasarkan Kelompok Umur, Dwi Lestari

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Penelitian matematika dalam bidang demografi dan ekologi sangatlah penting. Salah satu penelitian di bidang tersebut adalah tentang pertumbuhan populasi. Paper ini akan membahas tentang model pertumbuhan populasi berdasarkan kelompok umur. Model populasi berdasar kelompok umur merupakan model untuk memprediksi jumlah populasi di waktu yang akan datang berdasarkan kelompok umur. Model ini berbentuk kontinu atas waktu dan diskret atas kelompok umur. Model ini dikembangkan dari model pertumbuhan populasi berdasarkan kelompok umur dengan ukuran waktu diskret dan ukuran umur diskret. Dalam hal ini akan dibahas model kontinu atas waktu dan diskret atas umur sehingga diperoleh model berupa sistem persamaan diferensial serta model …

Analisis Konjoin Untuk Menilai Pembukaan Program Studi Statistika Di Universitas Syiah Kuala, Asep Rusyana, Nanny Salwa, Muzamil Muzamil

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Analisis konjoin biasa digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kesukaan responden terhadap suatu produk. Pada penelitian ini, analisis konjoin diterapkan untuk mengidentifikasi penilaian dosen terhadap rencana pembukaan Program Studi Statistika di FMIPA Unsyiah. Atribut-atribut yang dilibatkan adalah dosen, peminat, pengguna lulusan, ruang kuliah, dan laboratorium. Responden terdiri atas 40 orang dosen FMIPA Unsyiah. Pengambilan contoh menggunakan penarikan contoh acak berlapis. Jurusan Matematika, fisika, kimia, dan biologi adalah masing-masing lapisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Ruangan adalah atribut yang paling penting untuk diperhatikan dan dosen FMIPA berpendapat bahwa ruangan kuliah kurang, pengguna lulusan banyak, dosen cukup, ruang laboratorium buruk, dan peminat kurang; sehingga kekurangannya …

Integral Henstock-Stieltjes Fungsi Bernilai Vektor, Umi Mahnuna Hanung, Ch. Rini Indrati

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

This paper discusses about the generalization of the Henstock-Stieltjes integral for vector-valued functions which are defined on a closed interval [a,b]Š‚R. The generalization has been done up to the existance of this integral.

Key words: Henstock-Stieltjes integral, vector-valued function and bounded function.

Pembentukan Isomorfisma Dari Gelanggang Faktor Ke Gelanggang Faktor Lokal, Amir Kamal Amir

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Suatu gelanggang lokal adalah gelanggang yang hanya mempunyai satu ideal maksimal. Ideal prim suatu gelanggang dapat dipakai untuk mencari gelanggang local dan dapat juga dipakai untuk membentuk gelanggang faktor. Sedangkan ideal maksimal dari gelanggang lokal dapat dipakai untuk membentuk gelanggang faktor lokal. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan secara lebih terperinci dan jelas, sehingga akan lebih mudah dimengerti, mengenai gelanggang faktor dan pembentukan isomorfisma antara gelanggang faktor dengan gelanggang faktor lokal.
Keywords: faktor , gelanggang lokal, maksimal, multiplikatif, ideal prim.

Bifurkasi Hopf Dalam Model Epidemi Dengan Waktu Tundaan Diskret, Rubono Setiawan

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Di dalam suatu model epidemi dengan waktu tundaan diskrit, jika berubahnya waktu tundaan dapat mengakibatkan perubahan sifat kestabilan dari titik ekuilibrium penyakitnya, maka dikatakan terjadi bifurkasi Hopf di titik ekuilibrium penyakit tersebut. Secara umum bifurkasi membicarakan tentang perubahan struktur orbit dari suatu sistem persamaan diferensial seiring dengan perubahan nilai parameternya. Didalam analisa kestabilan titik ekuilibrium model epidemi dengan waktu tundaan diskrit , waktu tundaan dianggap sebagai parameter bifurkasi. Kemudian bifurkasi yang berkaitan dengan adanya nilai eigen kompleks murni disebut bifurkasi Hopf (Andronov - Hopf).
Kata kunci : bifurkasi Hopf , waktu tundaan , nilai eigen kompleks murni.

Pemodelan Inventory Dengan Dua Gudang Penyimpanan Untuk Barang Yang Mengalami Penyusutan Dengan Backlog Shortage Sebagian Dan Lead Time Fuzzy, Dwi Ertiningsih, Widodo Widodo

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Adanya kebijakan optimalisasi inventory yang diambil sebuah perusahaan atau retailer untuk barang yang mengalami penyusutan dengan ketidakpastian waktu tunggu (lead time) sampai barang selesai diproduksi atau pesanan datang, adanya Backlog Shortage sebagian atau penuh, dan tingkat permintaan bergantung harga dikembangkan dalam sistem dua gudang yang masing-masing sebagai gudang penjualan (display) atau tempat transaksi barang dan gudang tempat penyimpanan jika barang yang diproduksi atau dibeli tidak cukup ditempatkan di gudang penjualan. Tujuan perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai dua gudang penyimpanan adalah untuk mengoptimalkan keuntungan rata-rata jika memproduksi atau membeli barang dalam jumlah besar. Perusahaan atau retailer mempunyai satu gudang dengan kapasitas terbatas …

Perbandingan Model Arima Dan Model Regresi Dengan Residual Arima Dalam Menerangkan Perilaku Pelanggan Listrik Di Kota Palopo, Alia Lestari

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Persediaan sumber daya energi di bumi ini semakin hari semakin menipis. Upaya penghematan energi merupakan salah satu usaha yang perlu dilakukan, termasuk melakukan penghematan penggunaan listrik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu metode yang tepat untuk mengkaji perilaku pelanggan listrik. Dalam makalah ini akan dibandingkan model Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) dan model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA dalam menerangkan perilaku pelanggan listrik di Kota Palopo. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model ARIMA lebih baik dari model Regresi dengan residual ARIMA.
Kata kunci : ARIMA, Regresi, Pelanggan Listrik

Analisis Regresi Logistik Ordinal Untuk Mengetahui Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Balita Nelayan Kecamatan Bulak Surabaya, Destri Susilaningrum, Citra Elok Megahardiyani

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Keadaan gizi balita di Indonesia belum seluruhnya memenuhi kriteria baik, salah satunya adalah di kecamatan Bulak Surabaya. Standart penilaian status gizi di Indonesia menggunakan aturan WHO-NCHS, melalui nilai Zscore yang merupakan salah satu indikator antropometeri yaitu pengukuran berat badan berdasarkan umur (BB/U). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ibu dan balita nelayan serta menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita nelayan di Kecamatan Bulak Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan analisis regresi logistik ordinal. Hasil analisis yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa karakterstik ibu balita nelayan di kecamatan Bulak Surabaya 66% berpendidikan tidak tamat SMP, 67% usia ibu menikah ‰¤ …

Pemodelan Regresi Zero Inflated Poisson (Aplikasi Pada Data Pekerja Seks Komersial Di Klinik Reproduksi Putat Jaya Surabaya), Alia Lestari, Purhadi Purhadi, Madu Ratna

PYTHAGORAS : Jurnal Matematika dan Pendidikan Matematika

Dalam menganalisis hubungan antara beberapa variabel, terdapat sejumlah fenomena dimana variabel responsnya berbentuk biner ataupun berbentuk diskrit. Fenomena dimana variabel responsnya berbentuk diskrit tapi tidak biner, biasanya dianalisis dengan Regresi Poisson. Namun demikian dalam kasus tertentu sering dihadapi suatu peristiwa yang sangat jarang terjadi atau responsnya mempunyai data nol yang sangat banyak, sehingga analisis dengan pendekatan distribusi Poisson seringkali tidak lagi memberikan kesimpulan yang tepat.
Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji suatu metode untuk mengatasi banyaknya respons bernilai nol yang telah dikembangkan oleh Lambert (1992) yaitu Regresi Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP). Estimasi parameter model ini menggunakan Algoritma EM dan pengujian hipotesisnya menggunakan …