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Articles 1411 - 1440 of 36531
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Novel As-S-Se Compositions Of Solution-Processed Chalcogenide Thin Films For Infrared Optics, Annabella Orsini
Novel As-S-Se Compositions Of Solution-Processed Chalcogenide Thin Films For Infrared Optics, Annabella Orsini
Physics and Astronomy Honors Papers
Chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) have a wide range of interdisciplinary applications. In industry, ChGs are used to vastly improve infrared sight abilities. There are, however, improvements that can be made to the films’ stability, cost, and flexibility. Our project seeks to produce thin films that have these improvements, with capabilities comparable or better than what is widely used in the field. Thin films created through solution-based processes have proven to be much more flexible in comparison to bulk glass versions. Other elements in Group 16, such as Sulfur and Selenium have shown across literature to be a cost-effective alternative to Tellurium …
Apparatus-Dependent Corrections To The Electron G-2 Revisited, Ulrich D. Jentschura
Apparatus-Dependent Corrections To The Electron G-2 Revisited, Ulrich D. Jentschura
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We revisit the derivation of the apparatus-dependent correction to the energy levels of quantum cyclotron states, as previously outlined [Boulware et al., Phys. Rev. D 32, 729 (1985)PRVDAQ0556-282110.1103/PhysRevD.32.729]. We evaluate the leading corrections to the axial, magnetron, cyclotron, and spin-projection-dependent energy levels due to the altered photon field quantization in the vicinity of a conducting wall. Our work significantly extends previous considerations. Quantum cyclotron states are used for the determination of the electron g factor in Penning traps. Our calculations show that the numerically largest apparatus-dependent corrections can be expected for the axial and magnetron frequencies, where they can be …
Diffractive Imaging Of Laser Induced Molecular Reactions With Kiloelectron-Volt Ultrafast Electron Diffraction, Yanwei Xiong
Diffractive Imaging Of Laser Induced Molecular Reactions With Kiloelectron-Volt Ultrafast Electron Diffraction, Yanwei Xiong
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Capturing the structural changes during a molecular reaction with ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) requires a high spatiotemporal resolution and sufficiently high signal-to-noise to record the signals with high fidelity. In this dissertation, I have focused on the development of a tabletop gas phase keV-UED setup with a femtosecond temporal resolution. A DC electron gun was employed to generate electron pulses with a high repetition rate of 5 kHz. The space charge effect in the electron pulse was ameliorated by compressing the 90 keV electron pulse longitudinally with a time varying electric field in an RF cavity. The velocity mismatch between …
Lax Integrability And Solution Methods For The Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation With External Potentials: Exact Solutions And Applications, Laila Yahya Al Sakkaf
Lax Integrability And Solution Methods For The Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation With External Potentials: Exact Solutions And Applications, Laila Yahya Al Sakkaf
Dissertations
The investigation of a nonlinear differential equation (NLDE) integrability is the foundation for understanding and predicting the behavior of systems that are governed by that NLDE. The existence of a Lax pair (LP) representation is a reliable indicator of the indicator of the integrability of an NLDE. If an NLDE admits an LP, it is considered integrable in the LP sense, and this has important implications for the behavior and solutions of the system. The LP plays a crucial role in many powerful analytical solution methods for solving NLDEs. One such method is the Darboux transformation (DT), which allows for …
Thermal Stability Of Platinum-Silicon Alloy Films Grown On Langasite Substrates For Use In Microwave Acoustic Sensor Technology, Kell Fremouw
Honors College
Wireless sensors that can operate in temperatures up to 1000°C are widely needed for real time monitoring of large-scale industrial processes. Such sensors will improve efficiency and prevent component failure. Under previous work at UMaine, Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator (SAWR) sensors fabricated on piezoelectric langasite (La3Ga5SiO14) wafers have shown promise for wireless strain measurements at high temperatures. However, there is a major technical challenge in attaching SAWR langasite based sensors to metal parts because the large differences in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between langasite and metals leads to large thermal stresses and …
Directional Tensile Strength Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polylactic Acid In Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing For Custom Failure Parts, Lucinda Slattery
Directional Tensile Strength Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polylactic Acid In Extrusion Based Additive Manufacturing For Custom Failure Parts, Lucinda Slattery
Honors College
Inherently, additive manufacturing printed parts have faults between layers perpendicular to the direction of printing, both in the plane parallel to the build plate and in the z direction (out of the build plate). For most parts, these “built-in” faults from the manufacturing process act as limiting conditions for the part's mechanical strength. While perpendicular to printing is typically the weakest due to layer adhesion faults, parallel to printing is typically the strongest due to cohesive material and fiber orientation. Fiber orientation can be measured through various methods, with the two explored being X-Ray Microscopy (XRM) for 3D analysis, and …
Practical Implementation Of The Immersed Interface Method With Triangular Meshes For 3d Rigid Solids In A Fluid Flow, Norah Hakami
Practical Implementation Of The Immersed Interface Method With Triangular Meshes For 3d Rigid Solids In A Fluid Flow, Norah Hakami
Mathematics Theses and Dissertations
When employing the immersed interface method (IIM) to simulate a fluid flow around a moving rigid object, the immersed object can be replaced by a virtual fluid enclosed by singular forces on the interface between the real and virtual fluids. These forces represent the impact of the rigid motion on the fluid flow and cause jump discontinuities across the interface in the whole flow field. Then, the IIM resolves the fluid flow on a fixed computational domain by directly incorporating the jump conditions across the interface into numerical schemes. Previous development of the method is limited to simple smooth boundaries. …
Muon Intensity Measurement With The Majorana Demonstrator, Franklin Michael Adams Jr.
Muon Intensity Measurement With The Majorana Demonstrator, Franklin Michael Adams Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
The Majorana Demonstrator (MJD) is a shielded radiation detection system located a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in South Dakota. The system aims to detect the theorized, rare process of neutrinoless double-beta decay. The Demonstrator utilizes an array of scintillating acrylic detectors to veto any signals induced by earth-penetrating cosmogenic muons and reach background levels necessary for the detection of neutrinoless double-beta decay. Utilizing the data collected by the muon veto system, an analysis has been done to determine the differential muon intensity. The complex geometry of the interlacing detector panels requires the use of Monte …
A Study Of Single Molecule Detection With Graphene Hall Bars, Kenneth Stephen Stephenson
A Study Of Single Molecule Detection With Graphene Hall Bars, Kenneth Stephen Stephenson
Theses and Dissertations
In 2007, detection of individual molecules with a solid-state gas sensor was reported for first time by Schedin et al. where they used micromechanically-cleaved graphene for their sensing material, which exhibits isotropic and homogeneous conduction [1]. However, despite the novelty and popularity of their work, it has never been repeated. Further, we found their associated calculations to be self-inconsistent by a factor of 103 . So, hoping to account for and resolve this discrepancy, we outline the plan we had to reproduce their experiment. We also justify any substantial modifications, particularly our choice to use epitaxial graphene instead. Then, we …
Interdisciplinary Diffusion Lab, Sable Rosana Canales, Chloe Gaban
Interdisciplinary Diffusion Lab, Sable Rosana Canales, Chloe Gaban
Andrews University Teaching and Learning Conference
Diffusion is a principle in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Students can model the rate of diffusion based on particle size by contrasting blue and yellow dyes. Two petri dishes containing agar-agar receive a drop of dye at the center. The radius of expansion is recorded over time and variance increases linearly with time. Diffusion constants vary by particle size, allowing for a size ratio comparison between blue and yellow dyes. Relating the data to cells, students predict that smaller molecules diffuse into living cells, whereas larger molecules need some assistance from protein channels as in facilitated diffusion.
Interface-Engineered Ferroelectricity Of Epitaxial Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Thin Films, Shu Shi, Haolong Xi, Tengfei Cao, Weinan Lin, Zhongran Liu, Jiangzhen Niu, Da Lan, Chenghang Zhou, Jing Cao, Hanxin Su, Tieyang Zhao, Ping Yang, Yao Zhu, Xiaobing Yan, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, He Tian, Jingsheng Chen
Interface-Engineered Ferroelectricity Of Epitaxial Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 Thin Films, Shu Shi, Haolong Xi, Tengfei Cao, Weinan Lin, Zhongran Liu, Jiangzhen Niu, Da Lan, Chenghang Zhou, Jing Cao, Hanxin Su, Tieyang Zhao, Ping Yang, Yao Zhu, Xiaobing Yan, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, He Tian, Jingsheng Chen
Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications
Ferroelectric hafnia-based thin films have attracted intense attention due to their compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology. However, the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase is thermodynamically metastable. Various efforts have been made to stabilize the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase of hafnia-based films such as controlling the growth kinetics and mechanical confinement. Here, we demonstrate a key interface engineering strategy to stabilize and enhance the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase of the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 thin film by deliberately controlling the termination of the bottom La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 layer. We find that the Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films on …
Developing Carbon Quantum Dots As Multimodal Contrast Agents, Nicholas Whiting
Developing Carbon Quantum Dots As Multimodal Contrast Agents, Nicholas Whiting
College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research
No abstract provided.
Population Of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves Through Gwtc-3, R. Abbott, T. Abbott, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Wen Hui Wang
Population Of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves Through Gwtc-3, R. Abbott, T. Abbott, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Wen Hui Wang
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations
We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods …
Transport Effects In Non-Hermitian Nonreciprocal Systems: General Approach, Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh
Transport Effects In Non-Hermitian Nonreciprocal Systems: General Approach, Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations
In this paper, we present a unifying analytical framework for identifying conditions for transport effects such as reflectionless and transparent transport, lasing, and coherent perfect absorption in non-Hermitian nonreciprocal systems using a generalized transfer matrix method. This provides a universal approach to studying the transport of tight-binding platforms, including higher-dimensional models and those with an internal degree of freedom going beyond the previously studied case of one-dimensional chains with nearest-neighbor couplings. For a specific class of tight-binding models, the relevant transport conditions and their signatures of non-Hermitian, nonreciprocal, and topological behavior are analytically tractable from a general perspective. We investigate …
Measurement Of The Double-Differential Muon-Neutrino Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section In The Nova Near Detector, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, B. Behera, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.
Measurement Of The Double-Differential Muon-Neutrino Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section In The Nova Near Detector, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, M. Baird, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, B. Behera, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.
Faculty Publications
We report cross-section measurements of the final-state muon kinematics for νμ charged-current interactions in the NOvA near detector using an accumulated 8.09×1020 protons on target in the NuMI beam. We present the results as a double-differential cross section in the observed outgoing muon energy and angle, as well as single-differential cross sections in the derived neutrino energy, Eν, and square of the four-momentum transfer, Q2. We compare the results to inclusive cross-section predictions from various neutrino event generators via χ2 calculations using a covariance matrix that accounts for bin-to-bin correlations of systematic uncertainties. …
Off-Shell Effects In Bound Nucleons And Parton Distributions From 1H, 2H, 3H, And 3He Data, S. I. Alekhin, S. A. Kulagin, Roberto Petti
Off-Shell Effects In Bound Nucleons And Parton Distributions From 1H, 2H, 3H, And 3He Data, S. I. Alekhin, S. A. Kulagin, Roberto Petti
Faculty Publications
We report the results of a new global QCD analysis including deep-inelastic scattering data off 1H, 2H, 3H, and 3He targets. Nuclear corrections are treated in terms of a nuclear convolution approach with off-shell bound nucleons. The off-shell (OS) corrections responsible for the modification of the structure functions (SFs) of bound nucleons are constrained in a global fit along with the proton parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the higher-twist (HT) terms. We investigate the proton-neutron difference for the OS correction and discuss our predictions for the SF ratio F n 2 / F p 2 and …
Carbon Dioxide-Induced Corrosion Of Aisi 4140 Steel In Acidified Artificial Geothermal Brine, Anawati Anawati, Rayhan Izzat, Riene Kaelamanda Pragitta, Rafli Ihsan Hernandi
Carbon Dioxide-Induced Corrosion Of Aisi 4140 Steel In Acidified Artificial Geothermal Brine, Anawati Anawati, Rayhan Izzat, Riene Kaelamanda Pragitta, Rafli Ihsan Hernandi
Makara Journal of Science
Carbon dioxide (CO2)-induced corrosion often occurs in the structural materials of geothermal industry. The presence of CO2 influences the formation of various corrosion products. This research investigates the effect of dissolved CO2 in acidic brines on the corrosion behavior of AISI 4140 steel at atmospheric pressure. The brines were the standard brine, Ca-free brine, and high-salinity brine. The corrosion behavior was studied using electrochemical and immersion tests. A cyclic polarization test showed that the corrosion rate was higher in dissolved CO2 brine than in non-CO2 brine, and an immersion test demonstrated a similar result. …
New Far-Infrared Laser Frequencies Generated By Ch3cn, Cd3cn, 13ch3i, Cd3i, And 13cd3i, Michael Jackson
New Far-Infrared Laser Frequencies Generated By Ch3cn, Cd3cn, 13ch3i, Cd3i, And 13cd3i, Michael Jackson
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
Heterodyne techniques have been used to experimentally determine, for the first time, the frequencies for nineteen laser emissions ranging from 264 to 984 GHz. These laser emissions were generated by optically pumping either CH3CN, CD3CN, 13CH3, CD3I, or 13CD3I with a CO2 laser. This includes the newly discovered 566.325-μ m laser emission from optically pumped 13CD3I. The fractional uncertainties with which these frequencies were experimentally determined, up to ± 5 × 10− 7, were of sufficient accuracy to confirm or revise …
Search For Heavy Neutral Leptons Using Tau Lepton Decays At Babar, J. P. Lees, V. Poireau, V. Tisserand, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu. G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, R. Cheaib, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, E. A. Kravchenko, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.
Search For Heavy Neutral Leptons Using Tau Lepton Decays At Babar, J. P. Lees, V. Poireau, V. Tisserand, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu. G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, R. Cheaib, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, V. P. Druzhinin, E. A. Kravchenko, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.
Faculty Publications
This article presents a model-independent search for an additional, mostly sterile, heavy neutral lepton (HNL), that is capable of mixing with the Standard Model τ neutrino with a mixing strength of |Uτ4| 2, corresponding to the absolute square of the extended Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata matrix element. Data from the BABAR experiment, with a total integrated luminosity of 424 fb−1, are analyzed using a kinematic approach that makes no assumptions on the model behind the origins of the HNL, its lifetime or decay modes. No significant signal is found. Upper limits on |Uτ4|2 at the 95% …
Electron-Hole Trapping Centers In Na2so4 With A Transition Metal Impurity Mn, T.N. Nurakhmetov, T.T. Alibay, S. Pazylbek, A.M. Zhunusbekov, B.M. Sadykova, D.A. Tolekov, R.K. Shamieva, A.S. Nurpeissov
Electron-Hole Trapping Centers In Na2so4 With A Transition Metal Impurity Mn, T.N. Nurakhmetov, T.T. Alibay, S. Pazylbek, A.M. Zhunusbekov, B.M. Sadykova, D.A. Tolekov, R.K. Shamieva, A.S. Nurpeissov
Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials
The Na2SO4 samples were obtained by slow evaporation method. The mechanisms of the formation of electron and hole trapping centers are investigated by spectroscopic methods. Intrinsic recombination emission of 2.9–3.1 eV and impurity emission of 1.85 eV are excited at 4.0–4.5 eV. Intrinsic SO3−4−SO−4 and impurity Mn+ − SO−4 trapping centers were revealed. The local levels corresponding between the electron and hole trapping center are 4.0–4.5 eV. The decay of intrinsic and impurity trapping centers was recorded at temperatures of 130–150 K and 280–350 K.