Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Electron-Hole Trapping Centers In Na2so4 With A Transition Metal Impurity Mn, T.N. Nurakhmetov, T.T. Alibay, S. Pazylbek, A.M. Zhunusbekov, B.M. Sadykova, D.A. Tolekov, R.K. Shamieva, A.S. Nurpeissov

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

The Na₂SO₄ samples were obtained by slow evaporation method. The mechanisms of the formation of electron and hole trapping centers are investigated by spectroscopic methods. Intrinsic recombination emission of 2.9–3.1 eV and impurity emission of 1.85 eV are excited at 4.0–4.5 eV. Intrinsic SO³⁻₄−SO⁻₄ and impurity Mn⁺ − SO⁻₄ trapping centers were revealed. The local levels corresponding between the electron and hole trapping center are 4.0–4.5 eV. The decay of intrinsic and impurity trapping centers was recorded at temperatures of 130–150 K and 280–350 K.

Luminescent Properties Of Baxmg(2−X)F4:W Ceramics, T.A. Koketai, A.V. Strelkova, A.M. Zhunusbekov, Zh.T. Karipbayev, L.A. Lisitsyna, A.M. Chakin

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

Ceramics based on alkaline earth metal fluorides activated by tungsten has been obtained by radiation synthesis. The synthesis was realized by direct action on the mixture with an activator of a powerful flow of high-energy electrons without the use of any additives to facilitate the synthesis. It has been established that the resulting ceramics have luminescent properties characteristic of tungsten-activated materials based on metal fluorides.

Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticles By Green Method Using Ligustrum Sinense To Study Their Structural And Photoluminescence Properties, Sh.A. Khan, S. Patel, P. Shukla, R. Kumar, R. Dixit

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

Photoelectronic devices such as solar cells require an electrolyte with electrode that has high energy conversion efficiency. Hence, ionic electrolyte and blend polymer composite electrolyte helps in ion regeneration and improving the performance of the device. Introduction of metal nanoparticles in the polymers such as the PMMA, PVDF provides this enhancement of performance. Nanoparticles are manufactured in an eco-friendly manner and characterized by UV and XRD. In this work we present the possibility that could be explored with the incorporation of nanoparticles and also see the synthesis process of green nanoparticles. The excitons dissociation in these devices could increase with …

Thermal And Electrical Properties Of Nanocrystalline Superionic Naxcu1.75s (X=0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 25) Compounds, M.M. Kubenova, K.A. Kuterbekov, M.Kh. Balapanov, R.Kh. Ishembetov, B.M. Akhmetgaliev, A.M. Kabyshev, K.Zh. Bekmyrza, M.Kh. Zeleev, R.Sh. Palymbetov, B.U. Baikhozhaeva

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

The paper presents the results of the studies of thermal properties of nanocrystalline superionic Na_xCu_1.75S (x = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 25) compositions, and preliminary results of Na_0.1Cu_1.75S using as energy stored cathode material in Na-ion half-cell with NaPF₆ electrolyte and Na anode. The compositions contain a few copper sulfide phases: monoclinic chalcocite Cu₂S, orthorhombic anilite Cu_1.75S, triclinic roxbyite Cu_1.74÷1.82S, also the compositions can contain monoclinic Na₂Cu₄S₃, orthorhombic Na₂S, cubic Cu₂O as inclusion phases. The sizes …

Super–Protonic Conductors For Solid Acid Fuel Cells (Safcs): A Review, Sh. Afroze, Md S. Reza, M.R. Somalu, A.K. Azad

Eurasian Journal of Physics and Functional Materials

Fuel cell holds the promise of being environmentally friendly and becomes one of the alternatives for renewable energy. Solid acids have super–protonic behavior which allows them to become conductors. It can function at high temperatures. Hydration, on the other hand, may be used to improve the performance of the solid acid. Moreover, the conductivity, stability, and crystal structure of the solid acid compounds of the fuel cell are all influenced by the size of the electrolyte membrane. Very few works have been done on solid acid fuel cells which are still under investigation to make it one viable as well …

Prominent Size Effects Without A Depolarization Field Observed In Ultrathin Ferroelectric Oxide Membranes, Haoying Sun, Jiahui Gu, Yongqiang Li, Tula R. Paudel, Di Liu, Jierong Wang, Yipeng Zang, Chengyi Gu, Jiangfeng Yang, Wenjie Sun, Zhengbin Gu, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Junming Liu, Houbing Huang, Di Wu, Yuefeng Nie

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The increasing miniaturization of electronics requires a better understanding of material properties at the nanoscale. Many studies have shown that there is a ferroelectric size limit in oxides, below which the ferroelectricity will be strongly suppressed due to the depolarization field, and whether such a limit still exists in the absence of the depolarization field remains unclear. Here, by applying uniaxial strain, we obtain pure in-plane polarized ferroelectricity in ultrathin SrTiO₃ membranes, providing a clean system with high tunability to explore ferroelectric size effects especially the thickness-dependent ferroelectric instability with no depolarization field. Surprisingly, the domain size, ferroelectric transition …

The Quantitative Microanalysis Explorer: Introducing Web-Based Visualization For Optical, Electron, And Quantitative X-Ray Maps For Studying Lunar Samples, Angelina Minocha

Senior Honors Papers / Undergraduate Theses

Modern sample imaging techniques produce data in the form of large mosaics, wherein every pixel contains valuable mineralogical information. These heavy data files are challenging for most computers to load and process, furthermore access to lunar and other extraterrestrial samples is limited. We developed the QME Tool to display optical, electron, and quantitative x-ray maps in conjunction with one another to overcome these challenges and advance mineralogy data presentation and analysis. The images and quantitative data was collected using specialized techniques, followed by an extensive image co-registration process. The interface was developed using OpenSeadragon, “An open-source, web-based viewer for high-resolution …

Utilizing Inverse Design To Create Plasmonic Waveguide Devices, Michael Efseaff, Kyle Wynne, Mark C. Harrison

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

In modern communications networks, data is transmitted over long distances using optical fibers. At nodes in the network, the data is converted to an electrical signal to be processed, and then converted back into an optical signal to be sent over fiber optics. This process results in higher power consumption and adds to transmission time. However, by processing the data optically, we can begin to alleviate these issues and surpass systems which rely on electronics. One promising approach for this is plasmonic devices. Plasmonic waveguide devices have smaller footprints than silicon photonics for more compact photonic integrated circuits, although they …

A Mathematical Framework For Operational Fine Tunings, Lorenzo Catani, Matthew Leifer

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In the framework of ontological models, the inherently nonclassical features of quantum theory always seem to involve properties that are fine tuned, i.e. properties that hold at the operational level but break at the ontological level. Their appearance at the operational level is due to unexplained special choices of the ontological parameters, which is what we mean by a fine tuning. Famous examples of such features are contextuality and nonlocality. In this article, we develop a theory-independent mathematical framework for characterizing operational fine tunings. These are distinct from causal fine tunings – already introduced by Wood and Spekkens in [NJP,17 …

Chemically Induced Ferromagnetism Near Room Temperature In Single Crystal (Zn1−Xcrx)Te Half-Metal, J. Guo, A. Sarikhani, P. Ghosh, T. Heitmann, Yew San Hor, D. K. Singh

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Magnetic Semiconductors Are at the Core of Recent Spintronics Research Endeavors. Chemically Doped II-VI Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors, such as (Zn₁−_xCr_x)Te, Provide a Promising Platform in This Quest. However, a Detailed Knowledge of the Microscopic Nature of Magnetic Ground State is Necessary for Any Practical Application. Here, We Report on the Synergistic Study of (Zn₁−_xCr_x)Te Single Crystals using Elastic Neutron Scattering Measurements and Density Functional Calculations. for the First Time, Our Research Unveils the Intrinsic Properties of Ferromagnetic State in a Macroscopic Specimen of (Zn_0.8Cr_0.2)Te. …

Impact Of F-D Kondo Cloud On Superconductivity Of Nickelates, Byungkyun Kang, Hyunsoo Kim, Qiang Zhu, Chul Hong Park

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Discovery of Superconducting Nickelates Reignited Hope for Elucidating the High-T_c Superconductivity Mechanism in Isostructural Cuprates. While the Superconducting Gap Opens Up on a Single Band of the Quasi-2D Fermi Surface in the Cuprates, the Nickelates Are Known to Have a 3D Nature of an Electronic Structure with a Multi-Band. This Raises a Serious Question About the Role of the 2D Nature for the High-T_c Superconductivity. Here, Employing GW + Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DMFT), We Report the Kondo Effect Driven by the Strong Correlation of Nd-4f and Ni-3d Electrons Emerging at Low Temperature. the Kondo Effect Modifies …

Updated Constraints From The Effective Field Theory Analysis Of The Boss Power Spectrum On Early Dark Energy, T. Simon, P. Zhang, V. Poulin, Tristan L. Smith

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

Analyses of the full shape of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR12 power spectrum using the one-loop prediction from the effective field theory of large-scale structures (EFTBOSS) have led to new constraints on extensions to the Λ cold dark matter model, such as early dark energy (EDE), which has been suggested as a resolution to the “Hubble tension.” In this paper, we reassess the constraining power of the EFTBOSS on EDE in light of a correction to the normalization of BOSS window functions. Overall we find that constraints from EFTBOSS on EDE are weakened and represent a small change …

Powerful Radio Sources In The Southern Sky. I. Optical Identifications, Francesco Massaro, S. V. White, A. García-Pérez, A. Jimenez-Gallardo, A. Capetti, C. C. Cheung, W. R. Forman, C. Mazzucchelli, A. Paggi, Juan P. Madrid

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Since the early sixties, our view of radio galaxies and quasars has been drastically shaped by discoveries made thanks to observations of radio sources listed in the Third Cambridge Catalog and its revised version (3CR). However, the largest fraction of data collected to date on 3CR sources was performed with relatively old instruments, rarely repeated and/or updated. Importantly, the 3CR contains only objects located in the Northern Hemisphere, thus having limited access to new and innovative astronomical facilities. To mitigate these limitations, we present a new catalog of powerful radio sources visible from the Southern Hemisphere, extracted from the GLEAM …

Cross Sections Of The 83rb (P,Γ)84sr And 84kr(P,Γ)85rb Reactions At Energies Characteristic Of The Astrophysical Γ Process, M. Williams, B. Davids, G. Lotay, N. Nishimura, T. Rauscher, S. A. Gillespie, M. Alcorta, Alan M. Amthor, G. C. Ball, S. S. Bhattacharjee, V. Bildstein, W. N. Catford, D. T. Doherty, N. E. Esker, A. B. Garnsworthy, G. Hackman, K. Hudson, A. Lennarz, C. Natzke, B. Olaizola, A. Psaltis, C. E. Svensson, J. Williams, D. Walter, D. Yates

Faculty Journal Articles

We have measured the cross section of the 83 Rb ( p , γ ) 84 Sr radiative capture reaction in inverse kinematics using a radioactive beam of 83 Rb at incident energies of 2.4 and 2.7 A MeV. Prior to the radioactive beam measurement, the 84 Kr ( p , γ ) 85 Rb radiative capture reaction was measured in inverse kinematics using a stable beam of 84 Kr at an incident energy of 2.7 A MeV. The effective relative kinetic energies of these measurements lie within the relevant energy window for the γ process in supernovae. The central …

Numerical Simulation Of Steady-State Thermal Blooming With Natural Convection, Jeremiah S. Lane, Justin Cook, Martin Richardson, Benjamin F. Akers

Faculty Publications

This work investigates steady-state thermal blooming of a high-energy laser in the presence of laser-driven convection. While thermal blooming has historically been simulated with prescribed fluid velocities, the model introduced here solves for the fluid dynamics along the propagation path using a Boussinesq approximation to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The resultant temperature fluctuations were coupled to refractive index fluctuations, and the beam propagation was modeled using the paraxial wave equation. Fixed-point methods were used to solve the fluid equations as well as to couple the beam propagation to the steady-state flow. The simulated results are discussed relative to recent experimental …

A Candidate Magnetic Helium-Core White Dwarf In The Globular Cluster Ngc 6397, Manuel Pichardo Marcano, Liliana E. Rivera Sandoval, Thomas J. Maccarone, Rene D. Rohrmann, Craig O. Heinke, Diogo Belloni, Leandro G. Althaus, Arash Bahramian

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

We report a peculiar variable blue star in the globular cluster (GC) NGC 6397, using Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging. Its position in the colour–magnitude diagrams and its spectrum are consistent with this star being a helium-core white dwarf (He WD) in a binary system. The optical light curve shows a periodicity at 18.5 h. We argue that this periodicity is due to the rotation of the WD and possibly due to magnetic spots on the surface of the WD. This would make this object the first candidate magnetic He WD in any GC, and the first candidate magnetic WD …

Nagase2: A Water-Loving Multifunctional Non-Van Der Waals Layered Selenogallate, Srikanth Balijapelly, Santhoshkumar Sundaramoorthy, Dibya Jyoti Mondal, Sanjit Konar, Nikolay Gerasimchuk, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, Amitava Choudhury

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Missing Member of Well-Known Ternary Chalcometallates, a Sodium Selenogallate, NaGaSe₂, Has Been Synthesized by Employing a Polyselenide Flux and Stoichiometric Reaction. Crystal Structure Analysis using X-Ray Diffraction Techniques Reveals that It Contains Supertetrahedral Adamantane-Type Ga₄Se₁₀ Secondary Building Units. These Ga₄Se₁₀ Secondary Building Units Are Further Connected Via Corners to Form Two-Dimensional (2D) [GaSe₂]_∞- Layers Stacked Along the C-Axis of the Unit Cell, and the Na Ions Reside in the Interlayer Space. the Compound Has an Unusual Ability to Absorb Water Molecules from the Atmosphere or a Nonanhydrous …

Optimizing Course Offerings In A Science Department, Yu Kay Law

Academic Chairpersons Conference Proceedings

We will discuss how enrollment data and faculty/advisor input can be used to maximize schedule efficiency in course offerings and providing for student success. We will also discuss how best to monitor and rearrange course schedules in light of actual enrollment.

Searching For Tev Dark Matter In Irregular Dwarf Galaxies With Hawc Observatory, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A.Ayala Solares, R. Babu, D. Huang, R. Turner, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

We present the results of dark matter (DM) searches in a sample of 31 dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies within the field of view of the HAWC Observatory. dIrr galaxies are DM-dominated objects in which astrophysical gamma-ray emission is estimated to be negligible with respect to the secondary gamma-ray flux expected by annihilation or decay of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). While we do not see any statistically significant DM signal in dIrr galaxies, we present the exclusion limits (95% C.L.) for annihilation cross section and decay lifetime for WIMP candidates with masses between 1 and 100 TeV. Exclusion limits from …

Reconversion Of Parahydrogen Gas In Surfactant-Coated Glass Nmr Tubes, Robert V. Chimenti, James Daley, James Sack, Jennifer Necsutu, Nicholas Whiting

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

The application of parahydrogen gas to enhance the magnetic resonance signals of a diversity of chemical species has increased substantially in the last decade. Parahydrogen is prepared by lowering the temperature of hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyst; this enriches the para spin isomer beyond its normal abundance of 25% at thermal equilibrium. Indeed, parahydrogen fractions that approach unity can be attained at sufficiently low temperatures. Once enriched, the gas will revert to its normal isomeric ratio over the course of hours or days, depending on the surface chemistry of the storage container. Although parahydrogen enjoys long lifetimes …

Design And Synthesis Of New Acyl Urea Analogs As Potential Σ1r Selective Ligands, R. Thapa, R. Flores, Kwan H. Cheng, Bereket Mochona, Donald Sikazwe

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research

In search of synthetically accessible open-chain analogs of PD144418 or 5-(1-propyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)isoxazole, a highly potent sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) ligand, we herein report the design and synthesis of sixteen arylated acyl urea derivatives. Design aspects included modeling the target compounds for drug-likeness, docking at σ1R crystal structure 5HK1, and contrasting the lower energy molecular conformers with that of the receptor-embedded PD144418—a molecule we opined that our compounds could mimic pharmacologically. Synthesis of our acyl urea target compounds was achieved in two facile steps which involved first generating the N-(phenoxycarbonyl) benzamide intermediate and then coupling it with the appropriate amines—weakly to strongly …

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, February 2023, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Volume 4, Issue 1

Page 1 Dean's Message
Page 2 Awards and Recognition
Page 3-4 Nobel Recipient Visits Campus
Page 4 Adopting the Pantry
Page 5 Growing a Recruitment Mindset
Page 6 February Outreach Events
Page 7 Media Coverage of CNS
Page 8 Open PRAIRIE Data
Page 9 54th Geography Convention, and Tom Loveland EROS Geography Scholarship
Page 10 Photos of Dr. Carolyn Bertozzi's Visit

Microbial Motility At The Bottom Of North America: Digital Holographic Microscopy And Genomic Motility Signatures In Badwater Spring, Death Valley National Park, Carl Snyder, Jakob P. Centlvre, Shrikant Bhute, Jay Nadeau, Multiple Additional Authors

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Motility is widely distributed across the tree of life and can be recognized by microscopy regardless of phylogenetic affiliation, biochemical composition, or mechanism. Microscopy has thus been proposed as a potential tool for detection of biosignatures for extraterrestrial life; however, traditional light microscopy is poorly suited for this purpose, as it requires sample preparation, involves fragile moving parts, and has a limited volume of view. In this study, we deployed a field-portable digital holographic microscope (DHM) to explore microbial motility in Badwater Spring, a saline spring in Death Valley National Park, and complemented DHM imaging with 16S rRNA gene amplicon …

A Simple In Situ Method For Optimizing Settings For The Einzel Lens Elements In A Focused Ion Beam, Rich Swinford, Erik Sanchez

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ion beams have had an incredible impact on research in the past couple of decades. One major reason for this is the continued development of systems having optimal beam currents that allows one to image more clearly at different spot sizes to include higher currents that allow for faster milling. The advancements for Focused ion beam (FIB) columns have developed rapidly due to the computational optimization of lens designs. However, once a system has been produced, the optimal column settings for these lenses may change or simply become obscure. Our work involves regaining this optimization with the newly applied values …

Automated Additive Layering Of Vat Polymerized Plastic Organic Scintillators, Chandler J. Moore

Theses and Dissertations

The current technology for fast neutron detection imaging is limited in achieving the required high spatial resolution, strong neutron discrimination, and practical time of manufacturing. Traditional fabrication methods require days of thermal polymerization and hundreds of man-hours to produce average resolution pixelated scintillator arrays. The present work helps to eliminate this limitation by developing an additive manufacturing technique to construct such detectors for use in in dual particle imaging applications. In this work, fast-, light-curing resins are used in a prototype automated assembly machine, capable of layering of individual light-cured resin layers and optical segmentation with a self-bonded specular reflector, …

Modeling Radiation Exposure On Flight Missions To Analyze Aircrew Risk, Camila V. Quintero Hilsaca

Theses and Dissertations

GCR and SPE comprise the majority of the ionizing radiation experienced in the upper atmosphere within flight-altitude environments. Although previous studies have analyzed radiation doses from single sources on civilian flight operations, there is a lack of research focused on dose received by military personnel during flight from both sources simultaneously. In-flight radiation environments are modeled through the MCNP6 for two separate aircraft, an Air Force A-10 and a Boeing 737. Particle fluence values for galactic cosmic rays and solar particle events for four separate flight paths are determined using the CARI-7A software and the SIRE2 toolkit, respectively. MCNP6 code …

Insights Into Receptor Structure And Dynamics At The Surface Of Living Cells, Frederik Steiert, Peter Schultz, Siegfried Höfinger, Thomas D. Müller, Petra Schwille, Thomas Weidemann

Michigan Tech Publications

Evaluating protein structures in living cells remains a challenge. Here, we investigate Interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) into which the non-canonical amino acid bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne-lysine (BCNK) is incorporated by genetic code expansion. Bioorthogonal click labeling is performed with tetrazine-conjugated dyes. To quantify the reaction yield in situ, we develop brightness-calibrated ratiometric imaging, a protocol where fluorescent signals in confocal multi-color images are ascribed to local concentrations. Screening receptor mutants bearing BCNK in the extracellular domain uncovered site-specific variations of both click efficiency and Interleukin-4 binding affinity, indicating subtle well-defined structural perturbations. Molecular dynamics and continuum electrostatics calculations suggest solvent polarization to determine …

Development Of A Biaxial Apparatus For Jamming Profiles Of Photoelastic Granular Media, H. Zheng, G. Dai, Cacey Stevens Bester, M. Wang, D. Wang

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We describe a two-dimensional biaxial apparatus that is used to conduct the experimental study of the jamming of granular media. The setup is designed based on the photoelastic imaging technique, which allows us to detect force-bearing contacts among particles, calculate the pressure on each particle according to the mean squared intensity gradient method, and compute contact forces on each particle [T. S. Majmudar and R. P. Behringer, Nature 435, 1079–1082 (2005)]. Particles float in a density-matched solution to avoid basal friction during experiments. We can compress (uniaxially or biaxially) or shear the granular system by an entangled comb geometry by …

Generating Synthetic Satellite Images Of Mars Dust Storms Based On Radiative Transfer Models, As A Follow-On Application Of Marswrf Dust Cycle Simulations, Fatima Ali Alkaabi

Theses

Dust is a fundamental component of the Martian atmosphere; it plays a vital role in the planet's climate system and atmospheric variability. For these reasons, it is considered one of the essential keys to understanding the Martian atmosphere's behavior. The dust events on Mars range from local/regional dust storms that occur every Martian year to global dust storms that have only been observed, on average, once every 3-4 Martian years. The large regional and global dust storms have strong thermal and dynamic effects on the atmosphere. MarsWRF is a Mars version of the terrestrial numerical weather and climate model WRF …

The Three-Dimensional Visualization Of Mars Dust Storms Based On Deriving Digital Elevation Maps From Satellite Imagery, Meirah Ali Alzeyoudi

Theses

This work focuses on generating a Three-Dimensional Visualization of Mars's local dust storms utilizing satellite images from publicly available archives. The work aimed to create a Three-Dimensional Visualization of two Local Dust storms, the first local dust storm occurred on May 20, 2020, in the Chryse Planitia Region of Mars, while the second one occurred on 8 June 2021, on the northern side of the Utopia Planitia Region of Mars. The visualization will assist in providing a better understanding of the dynamics of Dust Storms on Mars by indicating and analyzing the main features of dust storms on Mars. Also, …