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Articles 32971 - 33000 of 36554
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Convective Instability Of Autocatalytic Reaction Fronts In Vertical Cylinders, D. A. Vasquez, J. W. Wilder, Boyd F. Edwards
Convective Instability Of Autocatalytic Reaction Fronts In Vertical Cylinders, D. A. Vasquez, J. W. Wilder, Boyd F. Edwards
All Physics Faculty Publications
Linear stability analysis predicts that the onset of convection for an ascending autocatalytic reaction front in a vertical cylinder corresponds to a nonaxisymmetric mode. This mode consists of a single convective roll confined to the region near the reaction front, with fluid rising in half of the cylinder and falling in the other half. Experiments show a flat front below the onset of convection and an axisymmetric front well above the onset of convection. New experiments are called for to closely examine the onset of convection in order to test this prediction.
Photoluminescence Study Of Si1-XGeX/Si And Si/Ge Strained Layer Superlattices, Todd D. Steiner
Photoluminescence Study Of Si1-XGeX/Si And Si/Ge Strained Layer Superlattices, Todd D. Steiner
Theses and Dissertations
In recent years, there has been interest in obtaining efficient photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence from Si1-xGex/Si or Si/Ge superlattices. In this dissertation, longperiod c/Si superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 500°C and annealed post-growth using rapid thermal annealing were investigated using photoluminescence (PL). The as-grown samples have broad PL bands from isoelectronic centers related to Ge complexes as well as sharp near-edge bound exciton lines. The broad PL band was found to be 120 meV below the band gap, after accounting for the effects of confinement of holes. Post-growth annealing resulted in a reduction in …
Multi-Ion Ambipolar Diffusion, Thomas E. Gist
Multi-Ion Ambipolar Diffusion, Thomas E. Gist
Theses and Dissertations
The continuity and momentum equations for electrons and multiple ion species are solved analytically and numerically using a new model for ambipolar diffusion. The general form of the model is valid for any quasi-neutral plasma for which the diffusion approximation is appropriate, including positive or negative ions, arbitrary geometries, and time dependence. The model provides criteria for determining when single ion diffusion theory is appropriate for describing multi-ion discharges, when a multi-ion proportional model is appropriate, and when a multi-ion nonproportional model is necessary. An expression is developed which provides a necessary condition for proportionality and provides the proportionality constant …
Recoil Effects And Cp Violation In Neutron Scattering, Vladimir Gudkov
Recoil Effects And Cp Violation In Neutron Scattering, Vladimir Gudkov
Faculty Publications
The problem of the imitation of CP violation in neutron scattering is discussed. The thermal motion of nuclei cannot contribute to symmetry-violating effects. The influence of the nuclear depolarization due to neutron scattering is estimated.
Investigation Of Alignment Dynamics In Mg-Ne And Mg-Ar Two-Photon Fractional Collisions, David Allen Olsgaard
Investigation Of Alignment Dynamics In Mg-Ne And Mg-Ar Two-Photon Fractional Collisions, David Allen Olsgaard
Physics Theses & Dissertations
A new technique is used to observe the dynamics of electronic alignment in a dissociating collision complex. The technique requires the absorption of two optical photons during a single binary collision. Two exciting light fields are tuned into the wings of the 3s1s0-3p1 and 3p1p1-5s1s0 resonances of Mg where strong collisions with rare gas atoms induce transitions between corresponding molecular states. The alignment produced in the intermediate state by the first excitation is probed by the second laser as a function of relative linear laser polarization and laser …
The Elastic Moduli Of A Sheet Containing Circular Holes, Anthony Day, K. Snyder, E. Garboczi, M. Thorpe
The Elastic Moduli Of A Sheet Containing Circular Holes, Anthony Day, K. Snyder, E. Garboczi, M. Thorpe
Anthony Roy Day
We apply computer simulation techniques to obtain the clastic moduli of a matrix containing circular holes. As the area fraction of holes increases, the Young's modulus of the composite decreases from E0 until it eventually vanishes at the percolation threshold. We study three distinct geometries: (a) periodically centered circular holes on a honeycomb lattice, (b) periodically centered circular holes on a triangular lattice, and (c) randomly centered circular holes. All three cases have the same dilute limit that can be calculated exactly. By examining the narrow necks between adjacent circles, we have calculated the critical behavior for the regular cases …
Measurement Of The Electric And Magnetic Form Factors Of The Proton From Q2 1.75 To 8.83 (Gev/C)2, P E. Bosted, L Clogher, A Lung, R G. Arnold, R S. Hicks, R A. Miskimen, Gerald Alvin Peterson
Measurement Of The Electric And Magnetic Form Factors Of The Proton From Q2 1.75 To 8.83 (Gev/C)2, P E. Bosted, L Clogher, A Lung, R G. Arnold, R S. Hicks, R A. Miskimen, Gerald Alvin Peterson
Gerald Alvin Peterson
The proton elastic electric and magnetic form factors, GEM and G’bfP(Q2), have been separately measured in the range Q” =1.75 to 8.83 (GeV/c)2, more than doubling the Q3 range of previous data. Scaled by the dipole fit, Go(Q2), the results for Gnlp(Q2)//+G~(Q2) d ecrease smoothly from 1.05 to 0.91, while G~p(Q~)lcdQ~) is consistent with unity. Comparisons are made to QCD Sum L-eRule, diquark, constituent quark, and VMD models, none of whic,h agree with all of the new data. The ratio Q2F2/Fl approaches a constant value for Q2 > 3 ( GeV/c)2. --p;. .- -- 2
Quasi-Discretization Of The Electron Continuum Emitted In Collisions Of 0.6 Mev U−¹ Au11+ With Noble Gases, S. Hagmann, W. Wolff, J. L. Shinpaugh, H. E. Wolf, Ronald E. Olson, C. P. Bhalla, R. Shingal, C. Kelbch, R. Herrmann, O. Jagutzki, R. Dörner, R. Koch, J. Euler, U. Ramm
Quasi-Discretization Of The Electron Continuum Emitted In Collisions Of 0.6 Mev U−¹ Au11+ With Noble Gases, S. Hagmann, W. Wolff, J. L. Shinpaugh, H. E. Wolf, Ronald E. Olson, C. P. Bhalla, R. Shingal, C. Kelbch, R. Herrmann, O. Jagutzki, R. Dörner, R. Koch, J. Euler, U. Ramm
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We have measured relative doubly differential cross sections for electron emission in collisions of 0.6 MeV u−1 Au11+ projectile ions with He, Ne and Ar targets for laboratory electron-detection angles between 17' and 80' and electron energies from 100 eV to well above the classical binary encounter region. The authors observe that, independent of the target Zt, the electron spectra display three characteristic peak-line structures whose energies are nearly invariant with observation angle. These structures are attributed to the diffraction of quasi-free target electrons in the potential of the projectile. © 1992 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Electron Emission From Foils Induced By Energetic Heavy-Ion Impact, R. A. Sparrow, Ronald E. Olson, D. Schneider
Electron Emission From Foils Induced By Energetic Heavy-Ion Impact, R. A. Sparrow, Ronald E. Olson, D. Schneider
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
Doubly differential cross sections have been measured and calculated for the electron emission produced by collisions of 3.5 MeV u−1 U38+ on thin carbon foils. The electron emission is observed in both forward and backward directions. Calculations are in reasonable agreement with the experimental results in both shape and absolute magnitude. At intermediate foil thicknesses, a double binary peak structure is observed that is due to 0° binary electrons being elastically scattered to angle θ along with those that are produced at θ and suffer no large-angle scattering events in the foil. Absolute electron yields show that several …
Numerical Study Of C>1 Matter Coupled To Quantum Gravity, Simon Catterall, John B. Kogut, Ray L. Renken
Numerical Study Of C>1 Matter Coupled To Quantum Gravity, Simon Catterall, John B. Kogut, Ray L. Renken
Physics - All Scholarship
We present the results of a numerical simulation aimed at understanding the nature of the `c = 1 barrier' in two dimensional quantum gravity. We study multiple Ising models living on dynamical \phi^3 graphs and analyse the behaviour of moments of the graph loop distribution. We notice a universality at work as the average properties of typical graphs from the ensemble are determined only by the central charge. We further argue that the qualitative nature of these results can be understood from considering the effect of fluctuations about a mean field solution in the Ising sector.
Coherent Population Transfer Via The Continuum, C. E. Carroll, Foek T. Hioe
Coherent Population Transfer Via The Continuum, C. E. Carroll, Foek T. Hioe
Physics Faculty/Staff Publications
We present a remarkable analytic result which suggests that a continuum can be used as an intermediary for a significant transfer of population from one discrete state to another discrete state in a stimulated Raman transition. the population transfer is accomplished by employing two laser pulses that overlap in time, arranged in the so-called counterintuitive order. That a continuum can be used for population transfer is shown here for the first time. It promises to open up more channels for selective coherent excitation of atoms or molecules.
Diffusion-Limited Reactions In Spherical Cavities, Amy Lisa Graves, Elizabeth L. Grossman , '92, Dane D. Morgan Iii, '92, B. J. Berne
Diffusion-Limited Reactions In Spherical Cavities, Amy Lisa Graves, Elizabeth L. Grossman , '92, Dane D. Morgan Iii, '92, B. J. Berne
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works
We study a quenching reaction occurring at sinks within a spherical cavity and at the cavity surface. One may think of reactions at these two, distinct locations as two, coupled reactive channels. Reactions of the type D* + A-->D + A are studied in the limit of nondilute A, present at both locations, and dilute D, present within the cavity. We use a Monte Carlo algorithm to compute mean rates, pseudo-first-order rates and branching ratios, and compare with results obtained by assuming that the two reactive channels operate in parallel. The ratio of activities of the two channels are …
Self Organization And A Dynamical Transition In Traffic Flow Models, Alan Middleton, Ofer Biham, Dov Levine
Self Organization And A Dynamical Transition In Traffic Flow Models, Alan Middleton, Ofer Biham, Dov Levine
Physics - All Scholarship
A simple model that describes traffic flow in two dimensions is studied. A sharp {\it jamming transition } is found that separates between the low density dynamical phase in which all cars move at maximal speed and the high density jammed phase in which they are all stuck. Self organization effects in both phases are studied and discussed.
Three Dimensional Quantum Gravity Coupled To Ising Matter, Simon Catterall, Ray L. Renken, John B. Kogut
Three Dimensional Quantum Gravity Coupled To Ising Matter, Simon Catterall, Ray L. Renken, John B. Kogut
Physics - All Scholarship
We establish the phase diagram of three--dimensional quantum gravity coupled to Ising matter. We find that in the negative curvature phase of the quantum gravity there is no disordered phase for ferromagnetic Ising matter because the coordination number of the sites diverges. In the positive curvature phase of the quantum gravity there is evidence for two spin phases with a first order transition between them.
Water Masers In W49n - The Youngest Stellar Jet?, Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Moshe Elitzur
Water Masers In W49n - The Youngest Stellar Jet?, Mordecai-Mark Mac Low, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Observations by Gwinn, Moran, and Reid of the proper motions of water masers in W49N show that they have an elongated distribution expanding from a common center. Features with high space velocity only occur far from the center, while low-velocity features occur at all distances. It is proposed that water masers in star-forming regions occur in expanding shells swept up by high-velocity winds from young, massive stars during the early phases of the expansion. In W49N, confinement of the bubble by a density distribution with an axial cavity can explain both the velocity field and the shape of the maser …
Limaçon Of Pascal Locus Of The Complex Refractive Indices Of Interfaces With Maximally Flat Reflectance-Versus-Angle Curves For Incident Unpolarized Light, R. M.A. Azzam
Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications
For an interface between two isotropic media the power reflectance Rv (ø) is an even function, Rv (ø) = Rv (--), of the angle of incidence ø; hence all the odd derivatives, Rv(n) = dn Rv /døn (n odd), are identically 0 at ø = 0, independent of the incident polarization v. When the incident light is unpolarized (v = u), the second derivative, Ru(2), is also 0 at ø = 0, so that the flatness of the Ru -versus-ø curve …
Mechanisms For Gaas Surface Passivation By A Molecular-Beam Epitaxial Cap Layer Grown At 200-Degrees-C, David C. Look, D. C. Walters, C. E. Stutz, K. R. Evans, J. R. Sizelove
Mechanisms For Gaas Surface Passivation By A Molecular-Beam Epitaxial Cap Layer Grown At 200-Degrees-C, David C. Look, D. C. Walters, C. E. Stutz, K. R. Evans, J. R. Sizelove
Physics Faculty Publications
A thin, undoped, molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) GaAs cap layer grown on top of an n‐type conductive layer significantly reduces the free‐electron depletion from the latter. By analyzing electron transfer to surface, interface, and bulk acceptor states in the cap, as a function of cap thickness, we show that either (1) the usual EC−0.7 eV surface states are absent, (2) a dense donor near EC−0.4 eV exists or (3) a high donor interface charge (∼5×1012 cm−2) is present. Any of these conclusions constitutes an important new aspect of low‐temperature MBE GaAs.
Magnetization And 57Fe Hyperfine Fields In Y2Fe17Z3- Δ (Z=H, C, Or N) Interstitial Compounds, Qi-Nian Qi, Hong Sun, Ralph Skomski, J.M.D. Coey
Magnetization And 57Fe Hyperfine Fields In Y2Fe17Z3- Δ (Z=H, C, Or N) Interstitial Compounds, Qi-Nian Qi, Hong Sun, Ralph Skomski, J.M.D. Coey
Ralph Skomski Publications
Measured magnetization and 57Fe hyperfine fields at T∼0 K for Y2Fe17 and Y2Fe17Z3- δ , with Z=H, C, or N and δ∼0.5, are analyzed to determine the influence of the interstitial atoms on the 3d magnetism. All are weak ferromagnets with a nearly-full 3d subband, although when Z=N, the magnetic moment of 38.1μB is very close to the fully saturated value of 39.4μB. On a local scale, the order of hyperfine fields Bhf4f (=35 T)> Bhf6g (=33 T)> Bhf12j …
Double Differential Cross Sections For State-Selective Electron Capture By Low-Energy Ar4+ And Ar5+ Ions From He And Ar, Serefettin Yaltkaya
Double Differential Cross Sections For State-Selective Electron Capture By Low-Energy Ar4+ And Ar5+ Ions From He And Ar, Serefettin Yaltkaya
Masters Theses
Doubly differential cross sections, in angle and energy, for state-selective single-electron capture from He and Ar by Ar4+ and Ar5+ ions have been studied experimentally at laboratory impact energies of 25q, 50q, and lOOq eV (q = 4 and 5, where q is the ion charge state) and at laboratory scattering angles between 0° and 5.5°, by means of translational energy spectroscopy. The translational energy-gain spectra show that only a few final states are selectively populated. Final-state transition probabilities were found to depend strongly on the charge state of the projectile ion and the ionization potential of the …
Prediction Of Paper Color: A Process Simulation Approach, Mayank Chaturvedi
Prediction Of Paper Color: A Process Simulation Approach, Mayank Chaturvedi
Masters Theses
A simulation model was developed for a dye mixing process and for the prediction of the optical properties of the paper. The model was integrated with the MAPPS (Modular Analysis of Pulp and Paper Systems) simulation software package. The model was validated using dyed handsheets made in a laboratory and dyed paper made on a pilot papermachine. Validation comprised of prediction of the optical properties of the handsheets and the machine-made paper which contained various combinations of three non-fluorescent dyes. Sheet reflectances were predicted at 20 nanometer intervals for discrete light wavelength range of 400 to 700 nanometers and verified …
Native Donors And Acceptors In Molecular-Beam Epitaxial Gaas Grown At 200 Degrees C, David C. Look, D. C. Walters, M. Mier, C. E. Stutz, S. K. Brierley
Native Donors And Acceptors In Molecular-Beam Epitaxial Gaas Grown At 200 Degrees C, David C. Look, D. C. Walters, M. Mier, C. E. Stutz, S. K. Brierley
Physics Faculty Publications
Absorption measurements at 1.1 and 1.2 μm were used along with the known electron and hole photoionization cross sections for EL2 to determine deep donor (EL2‐like) and acceptor concentrations ND=9.9×1019 and NA=7.9×1018 cm−3, respectively, in a 2‐μm‐thick molecular‐beam epitaxial GaAs layer grown at 200 °C on a 2‐in.‐diam semi‐insulating wafer. Both lateral and depth uniformities of ND over the wafer were excellent as was also the case for the conductivity. Band conduction was negligible compared to hopping conduction at 296 K as evidenced by the lack of a measurable Hall coefficient.
Crystalline Orientations Of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3OΧ Grains On Mgo, Srtio3, And Laalo3 Substrates, Sy_Hwang Liou, C.Y. Wu
Crystalline Orientations Of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3OΧ Grains On Mgo, Srtio3, And Laalo3 Substrates, Sy_Hwang Liou, C.Y. Wu
Sy-Hwang Liou Publications
Crystalline orientations of Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3Oχ grains in magnetron sputtered films on MgO (001), SrTiO3 (001), and LaAlO3 (001) substrates were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. In contrast to the nearly single crystalline films on the lattice matched substrates SrTiO3 and LaAlO3, films on the MgO (001) substrate, being polycrystalline in nature, exhibit several preferred in-plane grain orientations. These orientations agree well with a simplified theory of near-coincidence site lattices between Tl2Ba2Ca2Cu3Oχ and MgO.
Direct Measurement Of The Van Der Waals Interaction Between An Atom And Its Images In A Micron-Sized Cavity, V. Sandoghdar, C. I. Sukenik, E. A. Hinds, S. Haroche
Direct Measurement Of The Van Der Waals Interaction Between An Atom And Its Images In A Micron-Sized Cavity, V. Sandoghdar, C. I. Sukenik, E. A. Hinds, S. Haroche
Physics Faculty Publications
The authors have measured by laser spectroscopy the energy of interaction between a sodium atom and its images in the walls of a micron-sized cavity. This cavity-QED study is the first direct quantitative test of the Lennard-Jones van der Waals interaction as a function of controlled atom-surface separation and mean-square electric dipole moment.
Some Stability Problems In Droplet Formation And Breakup (Report Lstm 351/T/92)., Nihad E. Daidzic
Some Stability Problems In Droplet Formation And Breakup (Report Lstm 351/T/92)., Nihad E. Daidzic
Aviation Department Publications
In this study the instability of droplets and cylindrical jets is investigated. The understanding of these processes has both academic and practical value. Instability of cylindrical jets is theoretically investigated for infinitesimal and finite, but small initial amplitudes (linear and nonlinear stability). For droplets, only linear theory is presented. It is assumed that the capillary force play a dominant role. It is determined that the viscosity exerts a damping effect. In the first section we give an introduction, after which the linear stability theory of cylindrical liquid jets is presented. In the third section the nonlinear jet stability theory is …
Tamm States In Finite Semiconductor Superlattices: Influence Of Accumulation And Depletion Layers, Roger H. Yu
Tamm States In Finite Semiconductor Superlattices: Influence Of Accumulation And Depletion Layers, Roger H. Yu
All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences
We discuss the electronic-level structure of finite semiconductor superlattices and the influence of accumulation and depletion regions on the surface localized states (Tamm states). Exact solutions of the Poisson and Schrödinger equations are obtained self-consistently, through use of a nonuniform jellium model. Both high-energy and low-energy Tamm states are found.
Thermal Rounding Of The Charge Density Wave Depinning Transition, Alan Middleton
Thermal Rounding Of The Charge Density Wave Depinning Transition, Alan Middleton
Physics - All Scholarship
The rounding of the charge density wave depinning transition by thermal noise is examined. Hops by localized modes over small barriers trigger ``avalanches'', resulting in a creep velocity much larger than that expected from comparing thermal energies with typical barriers. For a field equal to the $T=0$ depinning field, the creep velocity is predicted to have a {\em power-law} dependence on the temperature $T$; numerical computations confirm this result. The predicted order of magnitude of the thermal rounding of the depinning transition is consistent with rounding seen in experiment.
Rayleigh-Brillouin Scattering To Determine One-Dimensional Temperature And Number Density Profiles Of A Gas Flow Field, James A. Lock, Richard G. Seasholtz, W. Trevor John
Rayleigh-Brillouin Scattering To Determine One-Dimensional Temperature And Number Density Profiles Of A Gas Flow Field, James A. Lock, Richard G. Seasholtz, W. Trevor John
Physics Faculty Publications
Rayleigh-Brillouin spectra for heated nitrogen gas were measured by imaging the output of a Fabry-Perot interferometer onto a CCD array The spectra were compared with the theoretical 6-moment model of Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering convolved with the Fabry-Perot instrument function. Estimates of the temperature and a dimensionless parameter proportional to the number density of the gas as functions of position in the laser beam were calculated by least-squares deviation fits between theory and experiment.
Evidence For The Formation Of Metallic Mercury Overlayers On Si(111), Dongqi Li, Jiandi Zhang, Sunwoo Lee, Peter A. Dowben
Evidence For The Formation Of Metallic Mercury Overlayers On Si(111), Dongqi Li, Jiandi Zhang, Sunwoo Lee, Peter A. Dowben
Peter Dowben Publications
A strongly chemisorbed Hg species is observed following the adsorption of Hg on Si(111) at 110 K. This strongly chemisorbed Hg species and subsequently weakly chemisorbed Hg species are observed to be metallic in the photoemission final state as determined by resonant photoemission and the reduction of photovoltaic charging. We postulate that the strongly chemisorbed Hg species on Si(111) is more metallic at dilute coverages than Hg adsorbed on Cu(100).
Selective Area, Synchrotron Radiation Induced, Delta Doping Of Silicon, R.A. Rosenberg, S.P. Frigo, Sunwoo Lee, Peter A. Dowben
Selective Area, Synchrotron Radiation Induced, Delta Doping Of Silicon, R.A. Rosenberg, S.P. Frigo, Sunwoo Lee, Peter A. Dowben
Peter Dowben Publications
We have used broadband synchrotron radiation to induce selective area surface doping of boron into silicon. The source of the boron was nido-decaborane (B10H14) adsorbed on Si(111) at 100 K. Irradiation caused decomposition of the adsorbed molecule which lead to an enhanced concentration of free boron in the irradiated area. Using Si 2p core level photoelectron spectroscopy, the surface chemical composition and Fermi level position in both the irradiated and unirradiated regions were determined. The downward movement of the Fermi level was greater in the irradiated region than in the unirradiated region, and greater …
Mutual Information, Strange Attractors, And The Optimal Estimation Of Dimension, J. M. Martinerie, Alfonso M. Albano, A. I. Mees, P. E. Rapp
Mutual Information, Strange Attractors, And The Optimal Estimation Of Dimension, J. M. Martinerie, Alfonso M. Albano, A. I. Mees, P. E. Rapp
Physics Faculty Research and Scholarship
It has been shown that the appropriate setting of data windows is crucial to a successful estimation of a time-series correlation dimension using the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm [Physica 9D, 189 (1983); Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 346 (1983)], and it has been proposed that the first minimum of the corresponding mutual-information function may be an appropriate window value. We have tested this hypothesis against data generated by the Rossler equations, the Lorenz equations, and a three-dimensional irrational torus. We conclude that mutual information is not consistently successful in identifying the optimal window.