Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Determination Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Sodium Chloride At Elevated Temperatures, Harold Robert Weisbrod

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to investigate possible methods of determining the thermal conductivity of small poorly conducting samples at elevated temperatures, and, further, to assemble a suitable apparatus, followed by measurement of thermal conductivity of one or more cubic lattice samples.

Basic requirements of the apparatus are few. It is first required that the measurement of thermal conductivity be made over a considerable range temperature. It is also preferred that the basic apparatus be placed in a vacuum where undesirable heat flow by convection is eliminated and air corrodible samples are preserved.

The apparatus must use only the …

Free Energy And Entropy Of Translation Tables, Paul W. Gilles, Gordon A. Gallup

Gordon Gallup Publications

In the statistical calculation of the thermodynamic properties of ideal gases the translational contribution is calculated from the Sackur-Tetrode equation, S = R1n (2π MkT)^3/2 ÷ (h³ N^5/2) V + 5/2 R in which S is the entropy of one mole of a gas of molecular weight M, at absolute temperature T, and volume V expressed in cubic centimeters; k is Boltzmann's constant; h is Planck's constant; N is Avogadro's number; and R is the molal gas constant expressed in the same units as those desired for S, usually cal deg¹ mole¹.

The Pairing Effect In Nuclei And Isomerism, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Previous workers have shown from an analysis of the energetics of alpha and beta decay that the pairing energy of protons is greater than that of neutrons. It is here postulated that this effect is responsible for the absence of odd-proton isomers for 50

An Investigation Of The Collision Lengths Of Penetrating-Shower-Producing Radiation In Various Materials, James Francis Kenney

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The purpose of this paper is to compile and tabulate some of the experimental data that have been obtained on penetrating showers, and to compare these data with the results that should be expected from the various theories that have been advanced.

On Air Density Measurements Using The Alpha-Particle Range Method, Gus Tom Zorn

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The density of the air is in general determined from a knowledge of the pressure and temperature by applying the ideal gas law. This law may be stated in the following for; p=MP/TR, where p is the density of the air in gm/cm³, M is the gram molecular weight, P is the pressure in dynes/cm², T is the temperature in degrees kelvin and R is the universal gas constant in ergs per degree absolute for one mole. This method is also used in the determination of the air density as a function of the height in …

Experiments On The Life Of Self-Quenching Geiger Mueller Counters, Raymond C. Opperman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Because of the several superior properties of counters containing organic vapor as a quenching agent, it is desirable to extend the life of such counters. It is, therefore, of interest to determine the relative importance of factors which limit their useful life. It is also worthwhile to further the investigation of counters containing an inorganic gas as a quenching agent.

Group-Phase Velocity Demonstrator, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The speed with which the concepts of group velocity, phase velocity, and beats are grasped, integrated, and retained can be materially aided with the following simple demonstration apparatus.

Cosmic Radiation And Radio-Carbon Age Determination, Leland S. Bohl

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

An Azimuth-Stabililzed Balloon Platform, Alfred H. Spano

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In the study of Zodiacal Light, an interesting task is the determination of the intensity and the position of this glow on the celestial sphere. The problem of photographing this phenomenon from the earth’s surface has been hampered generally by the inevitable presence of the atmosphere between the camera and the object. However, it is expected that at the height of some thirty kilometers above the earth, the atmospheric haze will be reduced enough so that pictures of the zodiacal region may be obtained without significant absorption. To accomplish this, it is necessary to keep the balloon-borne camera pointed in …

Use Of A Simple Blowing Device To Facilitate Inspection Of Wheat For Internal Infestation, Max Milner, E. P. Farrell, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Enforcement of sanitary practices in the commercial handling of wheat, particularly with reference to insect infestation, requires a method of inspection of wheat for internal or hidden insect infestation which is reliable, yet rapid enough for routine use. A number of inspection methods have been developed for this purpose, and a review has been published (1) of those proposed up to two years ago. A rigorous evaluation of several of these techniques has been made recently (2).

The rapid inspection method suggested to the grain trade by the Food and Drug Administration (2), based on the results of an extensive …

Application Of The Polaroid-Land Process To Radiographic Inspection Of Wheat, Max Milner, Robert Katz, M. R. Lee, W. B. Pyle

Robert Katz Publications

At a time when the technique of X-ray inspection of grains for internal insect infestation, announced almost two years ago, appears to have gained considerable currency in industries handling and processing grain, there exists the general feeling that these industries would be more receptive to any technique which would even further simplify and expedite the radiographic inspection process. To this end Kansas State College and the Picker X-Ray Corporation have engaged in a cooperative study relating to the application of the Picker-Polaroid photographic process to the determination of internal infestation in grain. This process is based on the principle of …

On The Theory Of Head Waves, Patrick Heelan

Research Resources

When a combined longitudinal and transverse disturbance, diverging from a localized source, strikes a plane boundary between two solid elastic media, several systems of head waves and second order boundary waves are generated, each associated with grazing incidence of one or the other of the reflected or refracted waves. Associated with grazing incidence of P ₁ P₂, the refracted P-wave, is the head wave system comprising P₁P₂P₁ (the "refracted wave" of seismic prospectors), and P₁P₂S₁ (a transverse head wave) in the upper medium, and P₁P_{2 …}

Apparatus For The Measurement Of Atmospheric Attenuation Of Light, John E. Lyon, Robert D. Woosley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of The Effects Of Wave Propagations In An Infinite Membrane Upon The Motions Of Salt Particles On The Surface, Robert Talmadge Maupin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Theoretical Formulation Of The Hammett Equation, Gordon A. Gallup, W.R. Gilkerson, M.M. Jones

Gordon Gallup Publications

A relation, which reduces to the form of Hammett's equation, has been derived. Reactions which can be assumed to be of the form ion-dipole or dipole-dipole have been considered. The logarithms of the ratios of rate constants were calculated and compared with experimental values in the form of Hammett's equation constants.

Internal Fissuring Of Wheat Due To Weathering, Max Milner, J. A. Shellenberger, M. R. Lee, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Radiographic technique developed at this Station for the determination of internal or hidden insect infestation in stored grain has proved to be useful for the detection of other physical anomalies in grains. Practical applications of this sort include the detection of cracked or broken kernels in rough rice (paddy) prior to milling as well as the extent of internal fracturing of certain grains such as maize due to uneven stresses arising from severe drying conditions. This communication deals with a condition of internal fissuring occurring in wheat due to weathering of the ripened grain in the field.

Hydrogen Bond Energies In Carboxylic Acids, M.M. Jones, W.R. Gilkerson, Gordon A. Gallup

Gordon Gallup Publications

A question of interest to the study of the chemisorption of carbon monoxide on iron is whether the carbon is desorbed with the same oxygen to which it was bonded prior to the adsorption. A mixture of C¹³O and CO¹⁸ in the desorbed gas in amounts greater than expected from normal abundance ratios shows that an intermolecular oxygen exchange occurs.

Chemical Reactions Near Equilibrium, W.R. Gilkerson, M.M. Jones, Gordon A. Gallup

Gordon Gallup Publications

In seeming contradiction to usual deductions from thermodynamics, it has been shown by De Donderi on the basis of his affinity function, by Prigogine² on the basis of the Chapman- Enskog model, and by Manes, Hofer, and Wellers using purely mathematical methods, that the rate of a chemical reaction close to equilibrium is directly proportional to the free energy difference between reactants and products. This relation may be shown to be a consequence of the theory of absolute reaction rates, also.

Radioactivity Of Eu152,154, Robert Katz, Milford R. Lee

Robert Katz Publications

Although the spectrographic analysis accompanying several enriched samarium isotopes from Oak Ridge contained <0.6 percent europium, some of the more intense internal conversion lines attributed to the disintegration of europium have been found photographically with neutron-activated samarium isotopes in a 180° focusing β-ray spectrograph.

Radiography Applied To Grain And Seeds, Max Milner, Milford R. Lee, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

A radiographic method for the detection of internal insect infestation in grain by means of low energy radiation from a cobalt-target beryllium-window X-ray tube is described. The utility of the technic for inspection of wheat, corn, rice, and beans is illustrated with cuts made from original radiographs.

A Linear Polymer X-Ray Scattering Model, Bernard Cohen

Masters Theses

"In the development of X-ray scattering intensity curves physical models are necessary for the theoretical mathematical development involved. The purpose of this paper is the development of a physical model suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis or a linear polymer.

X-ray intensity patterns may be used to give a greater insight as to the atomic structure, configuration or atoms, molecular weight, and therefore a greater knowledge of the structure of matter, both microscopic and macroscopic. The converse may sometimes be used. An atom or molecular model is constructed, from this model X-ray scattering curves may be derived. These curves may be …

The Fluorescence Of Uranium In Solid Solution, Robert Emmett Kelly

Masters Theses

"The fluorescence of uranium finds its greatest application in the so-called "bead test" which is a method of qualitative analysis. In the form of a bead, the uranium is in solid solution, and if the proper chemical solvent is used, the bead will fluoresce under ultraviolet radiation.

In the systematic separation of the metallic elements, uranium is associated with the aluminum group in that it is not precipitated by hydrogen sulfide in 0.3 N H ion but is precipitated by ammonium hydroxide and ammonium sulfide. In the analytical scheme, uranium acts like beryllium. This process of detection is sometimes tedious …

The Partition Function Of Silver, Ralph H. Lilienkamp

Masters Theses

"The study of the thermodynamic properties of solids at low temperatures has shown that most theories either break down or become too cumbersome.

A theory based upon a crystal lattice of atoms gives the best physical picture of a solid. Fisher has developed partition functions from this theory for the simple cubic, body-centered cubic, and the face-centered cubic lattices. In his paper Fisher gave three partition functions of increasing complexity and accuracy for each of the three lattices. In this paper the three partition functions for a face-centered cubic lattice shall be applied to silver and compared.

The Helmholtz free …

A Sensitive Electronic Photometer Employing Negative Feedback, John Lee Pack

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Purpose of the Instrument

The instrument to be described in these pages was tentatively intended to be used for the purpose of scanning the night sky automatically for investigations of the zodiacal light. It was to detect light below the noise level of a photomultiplier tube, to have linearity up to signals 100 times greater than the noise level, and to have a response time of about 10-4 seconds.

An Experimental Investigation Of The Dead Time Of Geiger-Mueller Counters, Peter H. Jessner

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

As ever more sensitive and precise experiments are being performed with Geiger Counters, especially in cosmic ray research, the resolving power of these instruments assumes an ever increasing importance. With the present perfection of electronic circuitry, this resolving time has become largely a function of the dead time of the Geiger counter tube itself. It was therefore proposed to investigate methods of reducing this dead time. Only self-quenching counter tubes had to be considered in this connection since the dead time of all other types of Geiger counters is inherently longer.

The Elastic Scattering Of Deuterons By Deuterons, Richard John Runge

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The concern of this work is the calculation of elastic scattering of deuterons by deuterons. The solution of the problem will be given in the usual center of mass system of coordinates, the conversion of results from this to the laboratory system being standard. Since the deuteron itself consists of a neutron and a proton, the problem is thus one of four bodies. The nuclear three body problem of the scattering of a neutron by a deuteron has been treated by previous authors and we will have occasion to employ methods used by these authors extending them to the four …

Investigation Of Penetrating Cosmic-Ray Showers In Water, George William Rollosson

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In this investigation, some of the properties of the radiation which produces penetrating showers in its passage through matter are studied. Geiger techniques are used to measure the average distance over which the neutral radiation produces one penetrating shower. This distance, called collision length, is measured in water...

The collision length, on the other hand, is measured by placing the material near the apparatus and measuring the mean distance in which one shower is produced and eliminating from the observation any penetrating showers which may be produced subsequently either (a) by the original particle or (b) by the secondaries from …

Radioactive Disintegration, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The conventional development of parent-daughter relationships in radioactive disintegration follows the treatment given in Rutherford, Chadwick, and Ellis in which a trial solution of the differential equations appropriate to the process is proposed, and the arbitrary constants are evaluated by application of boundary conditions. At the senior-graduate level at which the first course in nuclear physics is usually taught, the following derivation is believed to be considerably more instructive.

A Differential Electronic Photometer And Polariscope With Negative Feedback, William Rogers

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In connection which a program of research in the physics of the atmosphere, a need has arisen for a sensitive differential photometer which would be adaptable to balloon-borne operation. This paper describes a prototype of such an instrument. The present photometer is constructed for preliminary investigations to be carried out in the laboratory, but with light weight components used in the design except for the power supply and the main structural frame. Consideration is given to these latter features to the extent that the entire equipment is designed for operation from power sources which can be directly replaced by small …

An Experimental Investigation Of A Light Weight High Voltage Power Supply, James F. Tribby

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This investigation is directed toward the development and design of an electronic high-voltage power supply. The method consists of obtaining a direct current of low intensity by periodically charging by means of a primary battery a group of capacitors in parallel combination and discharging them electronically in series. A stimulus to this investigation is provided by the need for a light-weight electronic current source operating at moderately high voltages which is stable and capable of maintaining a constant current of low intensity over a wide range of variation of the potential from a primary battery. In addition, a power supply …