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Articles 22141 - 22170 of 24568
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Iowa's Declining Flora And Fauna: A Review Of Changes Since 1980 And An Outlook For The Future, Neil P. Bernstein
Iowa's Declining Flora And Fauna: A Review Of Changes Since 1980 And An Outlook For The Future, Neil P. Bernstein
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The status of Iowa's biodiversity was first summarized at a 1980 Iowa Academy of Science (IAS) symposium that was published in The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science (Vol. 88, No. 1) in 1981. The 1980 symposium was updated in a recent IAS symposium, and the proceedings from this symposium are published, for the most part, in volume 105 of this journal. Most of the authors noted some positive trends, but, overall, species declines and habitat destruction remained a concern.
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Cover - Table Of Contents
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Lithologic And Structural Interpretation Of Gravity Data, Northeastern Iowa, Curtiss J. Hella, Richard L. Kellogg
Lithologic And Structural Interpretation Of Gravity Data, Northeastern Iowa, Curtiss J. Hella, Richard L. Kellogg
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
A gravity survey was conducted over approximately 4600 square km of northeast Iowa. It was undertaken to provide detailed gravity coverage at approximately 1.6 km intervals and to model the source of several significant gravity and magnetic anomalies. 1,460 gravity stations were occupied in the survey area. Bouguer gravity and residual gravity anomaly maps were prepared, the latter using band-pass filter and trend-surface analysis techniques. The residual maps reveal that the large oval Bouguer gravity anomaly centered beneath Decorah can be traced to the southern border of the survey. Profiles crossing this feature were prepared from the Bouguer map and …
Awards And Recognition, Iowa Academy Of Science, 1998
Awards And Recognition, Iowa Academy Of Science, 1998
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Unrelieved Pain And Distress In Animals: An Analysis Of Usda Data On Experimental Procedures, Martin Stephens, Philip Mendoza, Adrianna Weaver, Tamara Hamilton
Unrelieved Pain And Distress In Animals: An Analysis Of Usda Data On Experimental Procedures, Martin Stephens, Philip Mendoza, Adrianna Weaver, Tamara Hamilton
Experimentation Collection
Pain and distress are core issues in the field of animal experimentation and in the controversy that surrounds it. We sought to add to the empirical base of the literature on pain and distress by examining government data on experimental procedures that caused unrelieved pain and distress (UPAD) in animals. Of the species regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), most of the approximately 100,000 animals subjected to UP AD during the year analyzed (1992) were guinea pigs and hamsters. Most of these animals were used in industry laboratories for various testing procedures, primarily vaccine potency testing. We discuss …
Interestingness Of Discovered Association Rules In Terms Of Neighborhood-Based Unexpectedness, Guozhu Dong, Jinyan Li
Interestingness Of Discovered Association Rules In Terms Of Neighborhood-Based Unexpectedness, Guozhu Dong, Jinyan Li
Kno.e.sis Publications
One of the central problems in knowledge discovery is the development of good measures of interestingness of discovered patterns. With such measures, a user needs to manually examine only the more interesting rules, instead of each of a large number of mined rules. Previous proposals of such measures include rule templates, minimal rule cover, actionability, and unexpectedness in the statistical sense or against user beliefs.
In this paper we will introduce neighborhood-based interestingness by considering unexpectedness in terms of neighborhood-based parameters. We first present some novel notions of distance between rules and of neighborhood of rules. The neighborhood-based interestingness of …
Hazardous Waste Determination And Government Enforcement Actions In The Resource Conservation And Recovery Act And The Law No. 24051: Comparison Between The United States And Argentina, Eduardo Jose Conghos
Hazardous Waste Determination And Government Enforcement Actions In The Resource Conservation And Recovery Act And The Law No. 24051: Comparison Between The United States And Argentina, Eduardo Jose Conghos
LLM Theses and Essays
The incremental generation and disposal of hazardous waste, causing severe environmental pollution, has become one the world’s most important ecological problems starting with the Stockholm Conference in 1972. This paper examines two legislative reactions to pollution caused by hazardous wastes in the United States, under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 1976 (RCRA), and Argentina, in Law No. 24051. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the material provisions of both the RCRA and the Law with emphasis on the tools and actions provided for the enforcement of the RCRA and the Law. The paper concludes that the RCRA and …
Cover - Table Of Contents
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Managing Seedling Emergence Of Cuphea In Iowa, W. W. Roath
Managing Seedling Emergence Of Cuphea In Iowa, W. W. Roath
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Cuphea, a western hemisphere genus of some 260 species, has been proposed as a domestic source of medium-chain fatty acids. These fatty acids are used primarily in soap and detergent manufacture and are presently extracted from imported tropical oils or from petroleum. Considerable difficulty in obtaining consistent plant stands with direct seeding has been experienced at two Iowa locations. Trials were initiated in 1987 and continued through 1994 to test various treatments upon seedling emergence of C. laminuligera Koehne, C lanceolata Ait., and hybrid C. viscosissima Jacq. X C. lanceolata. These treatments included planting depths from 1.3 to 6.4 cm, …
Book Review - The Iowa Breeding Bird Atlas, Louis B. Best
Book Review - The Iowa Breeding Bird Atlas, Louis B. Best
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The Iowa Breeding Bird Atlas is the first comprehensive statewide survey of Iowa's breeding birds. Through the efforts of over 500 people, every county in the state was sampled to provide a record of the composition and distribution of the bird life in Iowa. The project entailed dividing the state into 861 atlas blocks; 83% received at least some coverage and 71 % were completed. Information known through 1995 is included in the text, although the atlas project ended in 1990.
Introduction To The 1997 Symposium On Iowa's Declining Flora And Fauna, Cornelia F. Mutel
Introduction To The 1997 Symposium On Iowa's Declining Flora And Fauna, Cornelia F. Mutel
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
In 1980, Iowa's biologists and ecologists gathered at the 92nd annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science to present a symposium on the state's declining flora and fauna. Papers were published a year later in a single issue of The Proceedings of The Iowa Academy of Science (Vol. 88, No. 1), which has since been widely cited and much used as a baseline for research efforts. The symposium was a noble undertaking, for although the highly altered composition of Iowa's presettlement ecology had been widely recognized throughout the previous century, no single publication or gathering to that date …
The Status Of Iowa's Lepidoptera, Dennis W. Schlicht, Timothy T. Orwig
The Status Of Iowa's Lepidoptera, Dennis W. Schlicht, Timothy T. Orwig
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Including strays, 122 species of butterflies have been confirmed in Iowa. However, since European settlement the populations of taxa of Iowa Lepidoptera have declined. While certain generalist species have experienced declines, species with life cycles that include native habitats, especially prairies and wetlands, have been particularly vulnerable. In a 1994 revision of the Iowa endangered and threatened species list, the Natural Resource Commission (NRC) listed two species of butterflies as endangered, five as threatened, and 25 as special concern, using general legal definitions of those rankings (NRC 1994). But after examining recent records, we have revised that list, using numbers …
Cover - Perspectives On The Declining Flora And Fauna Of Iowa: A Symposium, Part 2
Cover - Perspectives On The Declining Flora And Fauna Of Iowa: A Symposium, Part 2
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Perspectives On Iowa's Declining Amphibians And Reptiles, James L. Christiansen
Perspectives On Iowa's Declining Amphibians And Reptiles, James L. Christiansen
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Changes in range and abundance of Iowa's amphibians and reptiles can be deduced by comparing records from recent studies with excellent collections from Iowa by Professor R. M. Bailey made from 1938-1943 in addition to museum records accumulated before 1950. Additional recent data make necessary this updating of a similar study conducted in 1980. The current study finds many of our frogs to be in decline, some in a pattern from north to south, but most as a diffused loss of populations, probably as a result of habitat destruction. The crawfish frog, one of the two frogs considered threatened in …
Mammals Of Iowa: Holocene To The End Of The 20th Century, John B. Bowles, Daryl L. Howell, Richard P. Lampe, Howard P. Whidden
Mammals Of Iowa: Holocene To The End Of The 20th Century, John B. Bowles, Daryl L. Howell, Richard P. Lampe, Howard P. Whidden
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
This review of Iowa's mammal fauna at the close of the 20th century summarizes changes in distributional patterns following Euroamerican settlement in the early 1800s. Data from historical records, museum specimens, and presettlement late Holocene fossils indicate presence of 69 resident mammals at that time. Hunting pressures and the conversion of prairie and forest to agricultural fields reduced the populations and ranges of many state mammals, and 14 species were extirpated by 1900. An additional 15 species are either uncommon or rare today, and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources lists four species as endangered, three as threatened and one …
Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) Of Northeastern Iowa: A Comparison Of Baits For Sampling, David R. Coyle, Kirk J. Larsen
Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) Of Northeastern Iowa: A Comparison Of Baits For Sampling, David R. Coyle, Kirk J. Larsen
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Carrion beetles (Coleoptera: Silphidae) were inventoried over a 8-week period from June into August of 1996 at 10 sites in 4 counties of extreme northeastern Iowa. Carrion preference and relative abundance of carrion beetles were studied by use of non-lethal pitfall traps constructed from large plastic plant pots and baited with aged fish, beef liver, chicken, or piglets. A total of 3,183 carrion beetles were collected, representing 11 different species. The most commonly encountered species of carrion beetles in northeastern Iowa included Necrophila americana (71.5%) and Oiceoptoma novaboracense (18.5%). When comparing baits, chicken and fish attracted the greatest number of …
Decline Of Iowa Populations Of The Regal Fritillary (Speyeria Idalia) Drury, Diane M. Debinskl, Liesl Kelly
Decline Of Iowa Populations Of The Regal Fritillary (Speyeria Idalia) Drury, Diane M. Debinskl, Liesl Kelly
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The Regal Fritillary butterfly, Speyeria idalia Drury (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Argynninae), is a prairie endemic species which has exhibited a dramatic decline in Iowa during the last few decades. Tallgrass prairie is the primary habitat of S. idalia and the butterfly's presence is correlated with the presence of violets (Violaceae). Due to the extensive habitat fragmentation of Iowa prairies, both the butterfly and its host plant populations are limited primarily to unplowed, relatively pristine prairies. Thus, S. idalia is an excellent case study of a prairie endemic species. Here, we report on the results of a two-year survey of the insect …
The Fungi, Lichens, And Myxomycetes Of Iowa: A Literature Review And Evaluation, Lois H. Tiffany, George Knaphus
The Fungi, Lichens, And Myxomycetes Of Iowa: A Literature Review And Evaluation, Lois H. Tiffany, George Knaphus
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The fungi have been, and continue to be, a poorly documented portion of Iowa’s biological inheritance. Although many are perennially present in soil and plant debris and are crucially involved in the release and recycling of materials from organic residues or are partners with plant roots as mycorrhizae, they are not obvious until they produce fruiting structures such as mushrooms, boletes, brackets, puffballs, etc. The fungi causing plant disease are more obvious because of the reactions of their host plants; thus the earliest records of Iowa fungi are of ones causing plant diseases commonly referred to as mildews, rusts, and …
Iowa's Avifauna: Recent Changes And Prospects For The Future, James J. Dinsmore
Iowa's Avifauna: Recent Changes And Prospects For The Future, James J. Dinsmore
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
Iowa's avifauna has changed dramatically since 1980. The state list now has 40 additional species and totals 398 species, the most of any vertebrate group. Four species that had not previously nested in Iowa (Ring-billed Gull, Great-tailed Grackle, House Finch, Eurasian Tree Sparrow) and four whose nesting populations had disappeared (Double-crested Cormorant, Sandhill Crane, Piping Plover, Least Tern) now breed regularly here. Little Blue Heron, Cattle Egret, White-faced Ibis, Mississippi Kite, Prairie Warbler, and Red Crossbill nested for the first time but do not have established nesting populations. Trumpeter Swan, Peregrine Falcon, Greater Prairie Chicken, and Sharp-tailed Grouse have been …
Safety Issues And Iowa Science Teachers, Jack A. Gerlovich, Ed Wilson, Rahul Parsa
Safety Issues And Iowa Science Teachers, Jack A. Gerlovich, Ed Wilson, Rahul Parsa
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
The National Science Education Standards are providing an excellent blue print for improving science teaching for all students. However, the Standards are placing serious demands on teachers attempts to make science activities inquiry-based, real-life, open-ended, and directly applicable to today's students. This situation is further aggravated when teachers do not know essential science safety information from both federal and state governing agencies, as well as professional organizations. With proper training and tools, however, this problem can be positively addressed.
Index For Volume 105 - Notice Of Rate Increase
Index For Volume 105 - Notice Of Rate Increase
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
No abstract provided.
Lack Of Genetic Variation In Cytochrome Bin A Population Of Smooth Softshell Turtles, David W. Weisrock, Tamara S. Haselkorn, Fredric J. Janzen
Lack Of Genetic Variation In Cytochrome Bin A Population Of Smooth Softshell Turtles, David W. Weisrock, Tamara S. Haselkorn, Fredric J. Janzen
Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS
An important issue in intraspecific molecular phylogenetic studies concerns distribution of genetic variation within and among populations and, hence, within-population sample sizes used in analyses. To address this sampling issue, we sequenced a 795 base pair (bp) segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from 19 unrelated individuals from a Louisiana population of the smooth softshell turtle (Apalone mutica LeSueur). We found a complete lack of within-population variation in this large segment of mtDNA. This result supports the use of minimal within-population sample sizes in intraspecific molecular phylogenetic studies of Apalone using cytochrome b.
Description Of The Sections And Subsections Of The Interior Highlands Of Arkansas And Oklahoma, Thomas L. Foti, George A. Bukenhofer
Description Of The Sections And Subsections Of The Interior Highlands Of Arkansas And Oklahoma, Thomas L. Foti, George A. Bukenhofer
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Sections and subsections of the Interior Highlands of Arkansas and Oklahoma are redefined, mapped and briefly summarized. The map was produced to support the Ozark- Ouachita Highlands Assessment (OOHA), being conducted by the USDA Forest Service. It revises the USDA Forest Service map "Ecological units of the eastern United States, first approximation" by Keys et al. (1995) and the earlier maps of the natural divisions of Arkansas (Foti, 1974; Foti, 1976; Pell, 1983) to reflect new knowledge and to achieve consistency with units recognized in Missouri. Four sections (natural divisions) are defined as opposed to the three of the previous …
Will Business-Led Environmental Initiatives Grow In Agriculture?, Sandra S. Batie, David E. Ervin
Will Business-Led Environmental Initiatives Grow In Agriculture?, Sandra S. Batie, David E. Ervin
Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations
This article was stimulated by a 1997 American Agricultural Economics Association annual meeting preconference designed by Batie and Ervin. The authors felt that there was considerable interest and activity in business-led environmental management (also caLLed corporate environmental management)-but most of the interest was found outside of the agricultural sector and the profession. The conference was a means to investigate the extent, motivation, and consequences of business-led poLLution prevention activities. The DuPont and the StahLbush Island Farms examples used in this article were drawn from discussions that took place at the conference and which were published in the proceedings. In the …