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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 2496

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Morphology, Mechanisms, And Processes For The Formation Of A Non-Bifurcating Fluvial-Deltaic Channel Prograding Into Grapevine Reservoir, Texas, Gary D. Tomanka Jan 2013

Morphology, Mechanisms, And Processes For The Formation Of A Non-Bifurcating Fluvial-Deltaic Channel Prograding Into Grapevine Reservoir, Texas, Gary D. Tomanka

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Non-bifurcating channels in modern reservoirs, tie channels, and the Mississippi River Bird-Foot Delta share a common morphology that is likely due to an underlying common mechanism. Data analysis indicates that the Denton Creek Delta has prograded into Grapevine Reservoir for 56 years, adhering to the buried pre-impoundment channel without alteration. The hydrodynamic mechanism that controls this adherence is that of a turbulent jet. The properties of the turbulent jet create a dynamic two-phase process, whereby prodelta clays and rare mouth bar sands are eroded while the jet contemporaneously builds sandy levees. An upward tapering channel acts to focus and intensify …

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Chemostratigraphy And Paleoenvironment Of The Haynesville Formation, Harrison County, Texas, Nidal R. Jabri Jan 2013

Chemostratigraphy And Paleoenvironment Of The Haynesville Formation, Harrison County, Texas, Nidal R. Jabri

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Haynesville formation consist of post rift siliciclastics, carbonate, and evaporite deposits that accumulated in continental to deeper marine environments on an asymmetrical basin where topography was modified by salt and basement tectonics. The Haynesville stretches from East Texas to West Louisiana, deposited on the Smackover lime and overlayed by the slightly coarser grained Bossier Formation and the interbedded sands of the Cotton Valley Formation in some places. Complex basin morphology and later stage salt tectonics have played an important role in the development of the sediment fill. The evacuation of salt from overburden increased accommodation space. …

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Predicting Fracture Density In The Eagle Ford (Boquillas) Formation, Val Verde Basin, Texas, Sean Kimiagar Jan 2013

Predicting Fracture Density In The Eagle Ford (Boquillas) Formation, Val Verde Basin, Texas, Sean Kimiagar

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Fracture density in hydrocarbon reservoirs is an important variable for efficient production of oil and gas in tight reservoirs. Fracture density is the fracture surface area per unit of volume, and the higher the reservoir fracture density, the higher its recovery factor. Being able to estimate the induced fracture density in advance of hydraulic fracturing will therefore help increase the knowledge of the reservoir and production efficiency. Theoretical considerations indicate that fracture density is related to strain energy. The purpose of this study is to verify the hypothesis that fracture density can be predicted under constant strain conditions using the …

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Major, Minor And Trace Element Geochemistry Of The Eagle Ford Formation, South Texas, Shariva T.R. Darmaoen Jan 2013

Major, Minor And Trace Element Geochemistry Of The Eagle Ford Formation, South Texas, Shariva T.R. Darmaoen

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Major, minor and trace element concentrations analyzed through hand-held ED-XRF and several laboratory techniques characterize geochemical heterogeneity in strata that appear homogeneous within the Eagle Ford Formation. Two major facies were discovered in the study area; one that is rich in carbonates toward the southwest and another that increases in clay minerals toward the northeast. Both facies are enriched in proxies of micronutrients for planktonic organisms. Nutrients precipitated by two possible mechanisms; volcanic input or nutrient cycling from Large Igneous Provinces through upwelling of bottom waters. The provenance indicating rare earth element pattern for both facies deviate from average shale …

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Predicting Esherichia Coli Levels In The Trinity River For Issuing Contact Recreation Warnings In The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Angela Jo Kilpatrick Jan 2013

Predicting Esherichia Coli Levels In The Trinity River For Issuing Contact Recreation Warnings In The Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Angela Jo Kilpatrick

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

E. coli is an indicator for the potential of waterborne illness. However, tests for E. coli take 18 to 24 hours to produce results. During this time, citizens may be exposed to high levels of bacteria. As contact recreation increases in the Trinity River through the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, methods to predict E. coli levels from instantaneously measured water quality parameters may provide a better way to protect public health than the current standard methods.Predictive models were created using multiple linear least-squares regression for the three segments of the Trinity River that flow through the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Initial results …

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Development, Evaluation And Application Of Cyclofructans As Separation Agents, Nilusha L.T Padivitage Jan 2013

Development, Evaluation And Application Of Cyclofructans As Separation Agents, Nilusha L.T Padivitage

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is now considered as a viable and established analytical tool for the separation of very polar and hydrophilic compounds, which are not sufficiently retained under Reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). HILIC is becoming a routine technique in the areas of proteomic and metabolomic research and it is steadily increasing in importance in the fields of pharmaceutical, biolological, environmental and food chemistry. HILIC shows a complementary selectivity to RPLC. The use of water-miscible organic rich mobile phases (generally a mixture of acetonitrile and water (1-40 % of water in the mobile phase) is compatible with atmospheric pressure …

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Genetic Engineering Of Proteins For Biotechnology Applications, Yanbo Zhang Jan 2013

Genetic Engineering Of Proteins For Biotechnology Applications, Yanbo Zhang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Heme b (protoporphyrin IX or protoheme) plays a major role in the structure and function in proteins such as myoglobin (Mb), hemoglobin (Hb), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), catalase, cytochrome P450 as well as catalase peroxidase (KatG). This highly conjugated porphyrin system forms the cradle for the iron containing prosthetic group of the hemeproteins. Although the surrounding chiral protein scaffold is important in protein reactivity and selectivity, the heme iron prosthetic group creates a focal point for the substrate reactivity.The genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAA) into proteins in vivo, using the same biosynthetic machinery used by living cells to synthesize …

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Characterization Of Flavonoid Reactivities And Degradation Products Using Online Continuous Flow Kinetic Measurements And Higher Order Mass Spectrometry, Jeremy S. Barnes Jan 2013

Characterization Of Flavonoid Reactivities And Degradation Products Using Online Continuous Flow Kinetic Measurements And Higher Order Mass Spectrometry, Jeremy S. Barnes

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Epidemiological studies offer strong evidence that diets rich in fruits and vegetables provide a defense against cardiovascular disease, cancer and other physiological disorders. One theory suggests that these hazards are due in part to an imbalance of the body's oxidative load, caused by an increase in biologically-relevant free radicals, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Flavonoids, a family of plant metabolites, are associated with an antioxidant capacity which could reduce oxidative stress and aging. Quercetin, a flavonol with one of the highest rated antioxidant characteristic, was used as a model system to evaluate the reactivity of flavonoids in the presence …

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Anion Detection In The Positive Ion Mode Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry By Use Of Cationic Ion Pairing Agents: Behavior And Applications, Edra Dodbiba Jan 2013

Anion Detection In The Positive Ion Mode Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry By Use Of Cationic Ion Pairing Agents: Behavior And Applications, Edra Dodbiba

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Anion detection and quantitation has long been of great interest to many scientific areas of research in academic and industrial settings. Their importance extends to areas such as water and environmental analysis, biological system analysis, and also the pharmaceutical and food industries. A variety of sensitive detection methods have been developed for anions. Many of these methods have significant advantages, but also drawbacks. In my dissertation I have described a new method for the detection of anions using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) positive ion mode, and cationic ion pairing reagents. Using this method, anions are paired with a plethora …

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The Use Of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (Sfc) And Liquid Chromatography (Lc) For The Separation Of Pharmaceutical Products, Natural Products And Chiral Phosphoric And Sulfonic Acids, Jonathan Paul Smuts Jan 2013

The Use Of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (Sfc) And Liquid Chromatography (Lc) For The Separation Of Pharmaceutical Products, Natural Products And Chiral Phosphoric And Sulfonic Acids, Jonathan Paul Smuts

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on two chromatographic techniques, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The goal of the SFC work is to describe the synthesis of new stationary phases based upon ionic liquids and to discuss their application to the separation of pharmaceutical compounds. The tunable nature of immobilized ionic liquids will be demonstrated by the variation of the cation-anion combination.The goal of the remaining chapters is to demonstrate HPLC applications for analyzing natural products and for performing enantiomeric separations. The usefulness of HPLC in separating antioxidants in rosemary and in conducting a degradation study of the …

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Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of Haploscleridamine And Ceratinadin B, Xiaofeng Meng Jan 2013

Studies Towards The Total Synthesis Of Haploscleridamine And Ceratinadin B, Xiaofeng Meng

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

In Chapter 1, we discuss the synthesis of haploscleridamine. Haploscleridamine is a novel tryptamine-derived alkaloid isolated from a sponge of the order Haplosclerida. This alkaloid inhibits cathepsin K, a cysteine protease, which is involved in the catabolism of elastin, collagen, and gelatin allowing the breakdown of bone and cartilage. Cathepsin K "blockers" show great potential in the treatment of osteoporosis. Building off earlier studies, we adopted a novel application of the Buchwald indole synthesis instead of a traditional Fischer indole synthesis to construct the â-carboline fragment. Starting from L-histidine, after several steps including a ring closing metathesis, a cyclohexanone was …

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Dioxygen And Peroxide Activation By An Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporated Cytochrome P450cam And P450 Bm3, Leticia Loredo Jan 2013

Dioxygen And Peroxide Activation By An Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporated Cytochrome P450cam And P450 Bm3, Leticia Loredo

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

This study focuses on the process development for a nanobioreactor for the oxidation of aliphatic C-H bond by the dependent activation of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide dependent catalysis of cytochrome P450cam and P450 BM3 and their genetically encoded 3-NH2tyrosine mutant enzymes.Oxidation of aliphatic carbons is an enormous challenge in classical synthesis due to their inert nature. However, it is significant in the production of fine chemicals and commodity products, which are precursors for the production of other valuable compounds.Among these reactions is the conversion of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol which is an intermediate in the production of nylon …

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Crystalline Sico: Implication On Structure And Thermochemistry Of Ternary Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics, Nelli Bodiford Jan 2013

Crystalline Sico: Implication On Structure And Thermochemistry Of Ternary Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics, Nelli Bodiford

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

The need for innovative refractory materials - materials that can sustain extreme temperatures - has been constantly growing within the modern industries. Basic requirements for usage at ultra-high-temperatures have been considered such as high melting point, high structural strength, exceptional resistance to oxidation, zero or almost zero creep. Monolithic ceramics alone cannot provide these properties, therefore, composite materials are sought to fulfill the demand. For example, silicon nitride and silicon carbide based ceramics have long been leading contenders for structural use in gas turbine engines. In the course of this work we are investigating amorphous SiCO formed via polymer-to-ceramic route. …

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Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As Potential Anticancer Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization, Cell Permeability And Localization, Yanling Chen Jan 2013

Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As Potential Anticancer Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization, Cell Permeability And Localization, Yanling Chen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

Research on biological activities of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes (RPCs) continues to attract interest as these complexes have shown promising anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo.¹⁻³ The mononuclear RPC, [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)]²⁺ (MP) and related dinuclear complex [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)₂]⁴⁺ (P) have been shown to both intercalate with DNA and shown potentiated DNA cleavage under anaerobic and reducing conditions⁴⁻⁵, as well as shown good selectivity and cytotoxicity towards malignant cell lines in vitro and tumors in vivo.⁵ Both complexes contain the redox-active tatpp ligand which is thought to be an essential component for the observed biological activities. This thesis is focused on developing …

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Search For The Standard Model Higgs Boson In Eτ Final States, Ian James Howley Jan 2013

Search For The Standard Model Higgs Boson In Eτ Final States, Ian James Howley

Physics Dissertations

Presented in this dissertation is a search for the standard model (SM) Higgs boson using the DØ detector at Fermilab in Batavia, IL. The SM is a fantastically accurate theory describing the fundamental interactions and particles of the Universe. The only undiscovered particle in the SM is the Higgs boson, which is hypothesized to be responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking and giving mass to all other particles. Considered in this search is the process H + X -> eτhjj, where e is an electron, τh is the hadronic decay of a τ, and j is a jet, using pp̄ collisions …

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Interaction Of The Geomagnetic Field With Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Shree K. Bhattarai Jan 2013

Interaction Of The Geomagnetic Field With Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Shree K. Bhattarai

Physics Dissertations

The interaction of the solar wind with Earth's magnetic field causes the transfer of momentum and energy from the solar wind to geospace. The study of this interaction is gaining significance as our society is becoming more and more space based, due to which, predicting space weather has become more important. The solar wind interacts with the geomagnetic field primarily via two processes: viscous interaction and the magnetic reconnection. Both of these interactions result in the generation of an electric field in Earth's ionosphere. The overall topology and dynamics of the magnetosphere, as well as the electric field imposed on …

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First Principles Study Of Properties Of The Oxidized Cu(100) And Cu(110), Antoine Yongonga Olenga Jan 2013

First Principles Study Of Properties Of The Oxidized Cu(100) And Cu(110), Antoine Yongonga Olenga

Physics Theses

Copper based catalysts are of importance to a number of industrial processes including the synthesis of methanol, the reduction and decomposition of nitrogen oxides, and treatment of waste water. In copper catalysis surface oxidation and oxidic overlayers are believed to play a crucial role. In this work using density functional theory (DFT) within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) we have studied the stability and associated electronic properties of the oxidized Cu(100) and Cu(110) surfaces. Especially, we have focused on studies of changes in the interlayer spacing, electron work function, binding energy, and density of states with oxygen coverage. We have …

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Design And Synthesis Of Flavin-Based Organocatalysts For Biomimetic Aerobic Oxidation Reactions, Shuai Chen Jan 2013

Design And Synthesis Of Flavin-Based Organocatalysts For Biomimetic Aerobic Oxidation Reactions, Shuai Chen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Oxidation reactions are among the most costly and least selective transformations in synthetic chemistry. Catalytic methods that utilize O₂ as a terminal oxidant strive to reduce the inefficiency in this large area of synthesis. Recent efforts have been aimed primarily at metal-/organometallic- or enzyme-catalyzed transformations. The goal of the research described in this dissertation was to develop organocatalytic systems based on natural biosynthetic catalysts in order to develop selective metal-free aerobic oxidations that function at room temperature. Prior to our work, riboflavin mimics were previously investigated to understand flavoenzyme function and to perform catalytic oxidations of primarily heteroatom systems. We …

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Development Of New Stationary Phases And Their Applications In High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Haixiao Qiu Jan 2013

Development Of New Stationary Phases And Their Applications In High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Haixiao Qiu

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has proven to be the most widely applicable and versatile technique in separation science. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) has attracted considerable interest and has become a viable option for the separation of polar compounds. Chirality is another major concern in the modern pharmaceutical industry for two reasons: 1). the majority of bio-organic molecules are chiral; 2). enantiomers of a racemic drug may often exhibit different biological activities, pharmacokinetics, and toxicities. The field of enantiomeric separations has reached a clear level of maturity after approximately 30 years of development. However, with the continued emphasis on …

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Multimodal Interaction In Ambient Intelligence Environments Using Speech, Localization And Robotics, Georgios Galatas Jan 2013

Multimodal Interaction In Ambient Intelligence Environments Using Speech, Localization And Robotics, Georgios Galatas

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

An Ambient Intelligence Environment is meant to sense and respond to the presence of people, using its embedded technology. In order to effectively sense the activities and intentions of its inhabitants, such an environment needs to utilize information captured from multiple sensors and modalities. By doing so, the interaction becomes more natural as well as accurate and robust. We have focused on 3 aspects of such an environment, using speech, localization and robotics. Speech is one of the most natural forms of communication for humans. Therefore, it can be used as one of the main information sources for deriving the …

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Design And Analysis Of Location Centered Large-Scale Opportunistic Networks, Shanshan Lu Jan 2013

Design And Analysis Of Location Centered Large-Scale Opportunistic Networks, Shanshan Lu

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

With the high penetration of mobile devices and their equipments of wireless interfaces in people's lives, the development of the scenario of Opportunistic Networks(OppNets) has become available. OppNets enable transmissions by exploiting temporary wireless links and connections opportunistically arising from mobility nature of nodes. The applications of OppNets have emerged in a wide range of areas.OppNets have attracted a lot of attention from the wireless and mobile network research community, while little has been paid to the OppNets in large-scale scenario. The existing OppNets are not scaled well to large-scale area due to the high uncertainty embedded in transient contacts …

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Practical End-To-End Performance Evaluation Of Backend Software Applications, Tuli Nivas Jan 2013

Practical End-To-End Performance Evaluation Of Backend Software Applications, Tuli Nivas

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

This dissertation makes contributions to four areas of performance testing - the test process itself, monitoring, automation and end-to-end performance evaluation of backend applications. The first contribution deals with the testing process. Performance testing is a key element of industrial software development, but we still encountered the following two problems. (1) While testing textbooks prescribe writing tests against performance goals, we find that it is impractical to gather from business analysts performance goals that are detailed enough for finding subtle performance bugs. (2) Once performance tests are conducted, we were asked questions such as - how do you make sure …

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Improving Gesture Recognition Performance Using The Dynamic Space-Time Warp Algorithm, Danny Allen Hanson Jan 2013

Improving Gesture Recognition Performance Using The Dynamic Space-Time Warp Algorithm, Danny Allen Hanson

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

The DSTW algorithm was originally used as the fundamental algorithm for a gesture recognition software. When the need arose for implementing gesture recognition on-board a robotic vehicle, the original recognition software needed to undergo several changes in order to meet the requirements of the target platform. The original software was written in Matlab and had to be ported into a native language in order to operate on the new platform. To support experiments needed to select a distance and t function, the new code needed to be designed to support dynamic binding of distance and transition (t) functions. The software …

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Learning Equivalent Input Channel Mappings And Generalized Features For Pattern Transfer, Houtan Rahmanian Jan 2013

Learning Equivalent Input Channel Mappings And Generalized Features For Pattern Transfer, Houtan Rahmanian

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

In many real-world modeling applications, it is needed to detect the origin of the patterns of the input data in addition to find the patterns themselves. Having the input data generated by a systematically organized set of input channels is very common in these applications. These input channels might also be of the same type. Therefore, the same pattern might be observed on different sets of input channels of the data, while it is caused by the one source in different localities. Sparse coding is a very powerful method for learning high-level patterns (i.e. high-level features) from raw data input. …

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Detection Of Fingers With A Depth Based Hand-Detector In Static Frames, Sanjay Vasudeva Iyer Jan 2013

Detection Of Fingers With A Depth Based Hand-Detector In Static Frames, Sanjay Vasudeva Iyer

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

This thesis presents a method for a finger detection system. It is assumed that the user taps their fingers on a table, and that the camera is placed on the same table in front of their fingers. This setup is motivated by the application of analyzing the movement of fingers in patients engaging in physical therapy. Fingers are detected in static images, which is a more challenging task than detecting and tracking fingers in videos which are based on motion.The Microsoft Kinect sensor has been used as a source for data, and it provides color and depth images at each …

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Lilac: Architecture For Anonymous Light Weight Communication, Ankit Upadhyaya Jan 2013

Lilac: Architecture For Anonymous Light Weight Communication, Ankit Upadhyaya

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

We present lilac; a circuit based low latency anonymous light weight instant messaging communication system. This browser based chat platform provides anonymity in context with unlinkability and unobservability for the secured real-time communication. The system uses a relay based anonymization mechanism where circuits are built and routed over a set of trusted nodes in the network. Unlike other typical instant messaging systems, Lilac uses user pseudonymity and ephemeral message exchange, which eliminates conventional user registration and storing the messages for the future retrieval; this leaves no footprints behind in the system in terms of user information, who talks to whom …

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Dovetail: Stronger Anonymity In Next-Generation Internet Routing, Jody Mark Sankey Jan 2013

Dovetail: Stronger Anonymity In Next-Generation Internet Routing, Jody Mark Sankey

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

Current low-latency anonymity systems use complex overlay networks to conceal a user's IP address, introducing significant latency and network efficiency penalties compared to normal Internet usage. Rather than this obfuscation of network identity through higher level protocols, we recommend a more direct solution: a routing protocol that allows communication without exposing network identity, providing a strong foundation for Internet privacy, while allowing identity to be defined in those higher level protocols where it adds value. We propose Dovetail, a next-generation Internet routing protocol that provides anonymity against an active attacker located at any single point within the network. Key design …

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Modeling An Intelligent Intruder In A Region Monitored By A Wireless Sensor Network, Sriram Srinivasan Jan 2013

Modeling An Intelligent Intruder In A Region Monitored By A Wireless Sensor Network, Sriram Srinivasan

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

Monitoring to detect unauthorized border crossing is very important for protecting national security. To accomplish this by continuous physical monitoring by border patrol agents is impractical. Networks of low-cost wireless sensors have been identified as a useful tool in monitoring with minimal human intervention. However, ensuring the effectiveness of unattended monitoring against an intelligent intruder is difficult, since the intruder can probe the system for weaknesses. To better understand the capabilities of such an intruder, we propose a model for an intelligent intruder whose purpose is to find a detection-free path across the border by which he could cross back …

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Sign Gesture Spotting In American Sign Language Using Dynamic Space Time Warping, Srujana Gattupalli Jan 2013

Sign Gesture Spotting In American Sign Language Using Dynamic Space Time Warping, Srujana Gattupalli

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

American Sign Language (ASL) is the primary sign language used by approximately 500,000 deaf and hearing-impaired people in the United States and Canada. ASL is a visually perceived, gesture-based language that employs signs made by moving the hands combined with facial expressions and postures of the body. There are several software tools available online to learn signs for a given word but there is no software that gives the meaning of any sign video. If we need to search or look up documents containing any word we can just type it in search engines like Google, Bing etc. but if …

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Development And Simulation Of Focus Of Attention Using Reinforcement Learning And Function Approximation, Stephen Ratz Jan 2013

Development And Simulation Of Focus Of Attention Using Reinforcement Learning And Function Approximation, Stephen Ratz

Computer Science and Engineering Theses

Without short-term memory, people would have little hope to learn and accomplish tasks. The same can be said for artificially intelligent agents. Often referred as Miller's Law, the number of working objects that a human can hold in working memory is around seven. For an AI agent, the cost of keeping additional memory blocks is exponential. Other issues to consider are what to keep in memory and for how long. Only a few of many of an agent's previous steps may be important to hold on to. This thesis project attempts to train an intelligent agent to learn what to …

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