Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Origin Of Mound Structures Within The Salt Marsh Of Parramore Island, Virginia, Jonathan P. Cooper

Reports

The small circular mounds on Parramore Island have puzzled many people because of their amazing circularity and apparent lack of any trend but a south-southwest trend following the present coastline. In the middle of the island, aerial photographs show that the mounds generally decrease in size near their northern limit and the bare sandy tops disappear as the smaller mounds are completely covered with trees. The southernmost mounds are completely surrounded by salt marsh facies as compared to the dune facies in which the mounds are located to the north.

There has been much speculation as to the origin of …

Water Management Research In Arid And Sub-Humid Lands Of The Less Developed Countries: Second Annual Progress Report, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Subcritical Flow At Open Channel Structures Bridge Constructions, Gaylord V. Skogerboe, Lloyd H. Austin, Kuan-Tao Chang

Reports

The techniques previously employed by the writers for describing subcritical flow at open channel constrictions have been found valid for analyzing nonuniform flow in open channels. Combining the nonuniform flow analysis with the submerged flow ratings for various bridge geometrics has provided an analytical means for determining the backwater due to the bridge constrictions under “abnormal stage – discharge” conditions.

Systems Analysis Of Hydrologic Problems, J. Paul Riley, Diana Averett

Reports

Introduction: Increasing national and international interest in water resources in recent years has stimulated much new activity and progress in hydrology. It is now generally recognized that the science of hydrology is basic to an understanding of water resources problems and to planning for water resources development. Accompanying this demand upon the science of hydrology is an urgent need for improved education at the university level. In resopnse to this need for improved education, the First International Seminar for Hydrology Professors was held at Urbana, Illinois, in July 1969. The Second International Seminar was held at Logan, Utah, during August …

Computer Simulation Of Water Resource Systems At Utah State University, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Introduction: The problems of managing water-resource systems are basically those of decision making based upon a consideration of the physical, economic, and sociological processes involved. These processes are strongly interrelated and constitute a dynamic and continuous system. Any combination of these interrelated and numerous system variables yields a management solution. At Utah State University the problem of investigating system response to various possible management alternatives is being approached by hybrid computer simulation. The concept of simulation is fundamentally simple. Basically, it is a technique of analysis whereby a model is developed for investigating the behavior or performance of a dynamic …

An Examination Of Approximately Simultaneous Salt Lake Valley And Cache Valley Clearing (Ventilation) Indexes, George W. Reynolds, William Mcneill, Floyd Johnson, Janet Cleary

Reports

The Clearing Index is a numerical estimate of the contamination dispersal capability of the atmosphere. Between July, 1969, and June, 1970, 192 rawinsonde flights were made in the Cache Valley at approximately the same time as officially scheduled flights at the Salt Lake City Weather Bureau Airport Station. Clearing Indexes were computed from various combinations of Salt Lake Valley and Cache Valley rawinsonde and maximum surface temperature data. These were examined from the viewpoint of recommending a standard procedure for providing Clearing Indexes on a daily basis for Intermountain valleys. The primary conclusions were that: 1. Actual Salt Lake Valley …

Attitudes For Environmental Planning In The 1970'S, Dean F. Peterson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Progress Report On Studies Of Hydraulic Geometry Of Large Bed Element Streams, Dean F. Peterson

Reports

This study developed a general method for estimating runoff rates and associated confidence limits of a given recurrence interval for ungaged small urban watersheds. The utility of the method developed was demonstrated through its application to a southeast region of Texas. Some 200 historical rainfall-runoff events from 40 watersheds in the Houston, Austin, Dallas, and Fort Worth urban areas were analyzed. Watershed data such as drainage area, percent of urbanized area channel length, average channel slope, land slope, and soil type are documented. Total rainfall amounts, intensities, durations, and mass-time distributions were determined for each storm and used to develop …

Statistical Relationships Between Storm And Urban Watershed Characteristics, V. V. Dhruva Narayana, M. Akbar Sial, J. Paul Riley, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

Because of the rapid urban development in recent years, hydrologic problems associated with urban watersheds have gained importance. Large sums of money are being spent for the design of urban drainage systems based upon inadequate procedures for predicting peak runoff rates. In this report a procedure is proposed for predicting peak runoff rates from small urban and rural watersheds based upon measurable storm and watersheds characteristics. The technique was tested for a number of runoff events on the Boneyard Creek watershed at Urbana, Illinois, and the results of this test are included. The procedure will be particularly useful for estimating …

Optimizing Conjunctive Use Of Groundwater And Surface Water, James H. Milligan, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

Mathematical models for groundwater and surface-water systems are formulated and solved on a digital computer using linear programming for optimizing the water use of the system. Post-optimal analysis, including sensitivity analysis of the objective function coefficients and right-hand side terms, is also applied to the models. The models which are developed include a general deterministic model, a general stochastic model in which hydrologic inputs are allowed to be probabilistic, and models of two simple, but real, river basins. The advantages of linear programming analysis are demonstrated by the computer solutions which can be obtained by this method of optimization. The …

Publications Of The Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Formulation And Solution Of Transient Flow Of Water From An Infiltrometer Using The Kirchhoff Transformation, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Transient Flow Of Water From Infiltrometers--Formulation Of Mathematical Model And Preliminary Numerical Solutions And Analyses Of Results, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

The partial differential equation initial-boundary value problems which describe the three-dimensional axisymmetric flow of water from an infiltrometer through partially saturated soil are solved by finite differences using the alternating direction implicit method. Pertinent features which describe the flow characteristics obtained from 34 solutions for varying initial conditions and for 12 soil types are summarized in tables and figures. Relationships between such features as depth of penetration and lateral movement of the wetting front and rate of application and initial hydraulic head or tension in the soil are developed for several of these soils types from analyses of the results.

Determination Of Hydraulic Conductivity--Capillary Pressure Relationship From Saturation--Capillary Pressure Data From Soils, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Solution To Transient Vertical Moisture Movement Based Upon Saturation--Capillary Pressure Data And Modified Burdine Theory, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

Using finite differences and the Crank-Nicholson implicit scheme for solving parabolic type partial differential equations, a computer program has been developed for solving the one-dimensional, vertical movement of water in soils. The formulation of the initial boundary value problem is obtained by introducing a new dependent variable through the Kirchoff transformation to replace the hydraulic head. Data relating saturation (or moisture content) to the capillary pressure in the soil are used to define the hydraulilc properties of the soil which are needed in order to obtain a solution. The Burdine Theory has been implemented in the program to obtain the …

Computer Simulation Of The Hydrologic-Salinity Flow System Within The Upper Colorado River Basin, M. Leon Hyatt, J. Paul Riley, M. Lynn Mckee, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

Changes in the hydrologic equilibrium of a river basin resulting from resource development also produce changes in the quality pattern. Since the burden of quality maintenance must be shared by users (just as are quantities) predictions are needed for quality changes which might result from contemplated development at any specified location within the river system. This study reports the development of a computer simulation model of the water and salt flow systems within the Upper Colorado River basin. Because of the close relationship between the hydrologic and salinity flow systems, an understanding of the hydrologic system is essential to successful …

A Hydrologic Model Of The Bear River Basin, Robert W. Hill, Eugene K. Israelsen, A. Leon Huber, J. Paul Riley

Reports

As demands upon available water supplies increase, there is an accompanying increase in the need to assess downstream consequences resulting from changes at specific locations within a hydrologic system. The problem is approached in this study by hybrid computer simulation of the hydrologic system. Modeling concepts are based upon the development of basic relationships which describe the various hydrologic processes. Within a system these relationships are linked by the continuity-of-mass priciple which requires a hydrologic balance at all points. Spatial resolution is achieved by considering the modeled areas as a series of subbasins. The time increment adopted for the model …

A Thermodynamic Analysis Of A Primary Waste Stabilization Pond, David W. Hendricks

Reports

Traditional design practice for waste stabilization ponds is based upon the premise that sufficient photosynthetic oxygen must be produced within the pond to satisfy oxygen requirements of the incoming waste flow. Thus, because algae production is proportional to pond surface area, surface organic loading rate is a principal design criterion (hydraulic detention time is the other) . That a possible adverse energy trade exists in the sequence of coupled reactions (aerobic waste degradation-photosynthesis) has been largely ignored. This work is focused on quantitatively articulating this energy trade, in terms of algae produced vis a vis waste degraded. This is done …

Final Report: Wasatch Airborne Seeding Program, Geoffrey E. Hill

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Theoretical Study Of Infiltration Into Range And Forest Soils, Joel E. Fletcher, Yehia Z. El-Shafei

Reports

More than 400 rainfall simulator experiments were examined to detect which soil properties could be used to computer infiltration time relationships. Three theoretical equations were tested to determine their efficacy for calculating infiltration time relationships from soil and site characteristics. It was shown that both the modified Green and Ampt and Fletcher equations could by successfully used. Darcian type equations were developed on laboratory type samples which would show the relations between soil, solution and rainfall properties and infiltration. These latter equations have not been tested on undisturbed soils but give excellent agreement between measured and computed values for time …

Hydrograph Synthesis For Watershed Subzones From Measured Urban Parameters, Joseph B. Evelyn, V. V. Dhruva Narayana, J. Paul Riley, Eugene K. Israelsen

Reports

An analog computer program was developed to simulate the outflow hydrographs at four locations within the 38th Street Waller Creek urban watershed at Austin, Texas. Actual outflow was gaged at the final outlet of the watershed. This provided a checkpoint for comparing the simulated and observed final outflow hydrographs. The outflow hydrographs for each subzone were obtained by chronologically abstracting interception, infiltration, and depression storage from their precipitation hyetographs. These outflow hydrographs were then routed through Waller Creek channel to obtain the hydrographs at the four desired locations. The advantages of this model are the flexibility in varying the precipitation …

Developing A Hydro-Quality Simulation Model, Neal P. Dixon, David W. Hendricks, A. Leon Huber, Jay M. Bagley

Reports

No abstract provided.

Groundwater Flow In Part Of The Little Missouri River Basin, North Dakota, Thomas M. Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

The Little Missouri valley in western North Dakota is deeply incised into slightly permeable Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments. An evaluation of the groundwater flow in part of this valley was 'based on the present groundwater flow-system models. Abrupt changes in the hydrochemical facies have been explained relative to a continuous flow system.

The Little Missouri valley ls the discharge area of a regional groundwater flow system; it affects the potential distribution of the flow system for a minimum of 1.000 feet below the valley floor. The discharge area is approximately the same width as the valley floor and has a …

Authigenic Analcite In The Golden Valley Formation Southwestern North Dakota, Marvin J. Furman

Theses and Dissertations

Authigenic analcite constitutes up to about 60 percent of a massive, arksosic sandstone exposed on major buttes in the North Dakota Badlands. The analcite constitutes up to about 80 percent of a thin analcimolite bed at the top of the arkose unit. The analcite occurs as spherulites in the interstices of the arkose and as a cement in the analcimolite. Three types of spherulites are recognized: (1) spherulites with an internal radial structure; (2) spherulites with a massive center and a peripheral radial structure; and (3) spherulites lacking an internal radial structure or having a poorly-defined internal structure. The spherulites …

Distribution Of Trace Elements In Impoundments, J. Nix

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

An investigation of the trace element content of two impoundments on the Ouachita River, Arkansas, was conducted. Common water quality parameters were followed in the reservoirs in an effort to determine the factors which were influencing the trace element concentration. The following trace metals were determined in both the particulate phase (retained by a 0.45 micron filter) and the soluble phase (passed by a 0.45 micron filter): iron, manganese, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, chromium, and zinc. These measurements were made periodically for one and a half years. Results indicate that the chemical regime of the impoundments which were studied was …

Water Resources Planning Study For Arkansas And Oklahoma, L. R. Heiple, H. M. Jeffus

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

The purpose of this study is to make an appraisal of the local water resources in the Arkansas River Basin common to the two States of Arkansas and Oklahoma as defined by the Arkansas-Oklahoma Compact Committee (hereinafter referred to as "the Compact Committee"). A review, analysis, and correlation has been made of hydrologic data previously collected by others. Consideration is given to the evaluation at selected sites of the storage and potential use of existing water sources.

Mass Spectrometric Study Of "Anomalous" Water, Bernard Jean Bouy

Masters Theses

"Considerable interest has developed recently in a material called "polywater" or "anomalous water". This material has properties quite different from those normally associated with liquid water. The purpose of this study is to give some mass spectrometric observations of "polywater". The "polywater" samples were produced within silica capillaries. These capillaries were heated by means of a helical coil to vaporize the "polywater". The vapor was directed into the source of a mass spectrometer. The results of this study show that a significant portion of the "anomalous water" samples is composed of a polymer of dimethylsiloxane. To date, the observations are …

The Heat Budget Of The Waters Of A Portion Of The Chesapeake Bight, 1967, George Washington Greer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Design And Construction Of A Constant Acceleration Drive System For Mössbauer Experiments, James Donald Russell

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

An excited nucleus may undergo a transition to its ground state by the emission of a gamma ray. The nucleus, if free to do so, will recoil and take some of the transition energy as recoil energy leaving less energy for the emitted gamma ray. This gamma ray does not have enough energy to excite a similar nucleus and will, therefore, not by resonantly absorbed due to the fact that the natural linewidth of the gamma ray is so much smaller than the energy taken by the emitting atom and the similar energy needed by the absorbing atom.

In 1958 …

The Preparation Of Coordination Compounds Of Rhodium Iii And Some Substituted Pyridines, Campbell John Mcrobbie

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study, then, is to prepare and characterize the complexes produced by the reaction of these ligards with rhodium III chloride. Of particular interest will be the mode of bonding of the ligand to the metal ion. For the first two groups, the potential exists for bonding to the metal from different parts of the ligand molecule. Bridging and chelation are also possibilities. Examination of the infrared spectrum of each complex should produce information as to the position of bonding. For one complex of the aminopyridines an N.M.R. spectrum will be examined.