Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Pressure, Temperature, And Stress Conditions Of Southern Alpine Fault (New Zealand) Mylonites, Jake T. Reitman

Dissertations and Theses

The Alpine Fault, New Zealand, provides a unique window into the rheologic history of a seismically-active continental plate boundary. Due to lower exhumation rates along southern portions of the fault relative to the well-studied central Alpine Fault, deformation ages vary along strike by ~15 m.y.. Mylonites collected from two southern creeks near Haast, NZ, display a uniform recrystallized grain size of ~11 𝜇m in mylonitic quartz indicating differential stress values in the south of ~100 MPa, roughly twice the stress values observed in the central Alpine Fault. Constraints from Ti-in-quartz thermobarometry and Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) indicate mylonitization …

Towards Improving Accuracy And Interpretability Of Deep Learning Based On Satellite Image Classification, Yamile Patino Vargas

Dissertations and Theses

ABSTRACT

The study of satellite images provides a way to monitor changes in the surface of the Earth and the atmosphere. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have shown accurate results in solving practical problems in multiple fields. Some of the more recognized fields using CNNs are satellite imagery processing, medicine, communication, transportation, and computer vision. Despite the success of CNNs, there remains a need to explain the network predictions further and understand what the network is determining as valuable information.

There are several frameworks and methodologies developed to explain how CNNs predict outputs and what their internal representations are [1, 4, …

Python Functions, Natalia Novak

Open Educational Resources

An introduction to functions in Python.

Prior knowledge of variables, assignments, expressions, input-output, lists, conditionals, and loops is recommended.

For CS0 students. Part of the CUNY CS04All project.

Python Input Output, Natalia Novak

Open Educational Resources

The following topics are discussed:

• Development Environment
• Basic input and output
• Variables and assignments
• Python expressions
• Division and modulo
• Math module

For CS0 students. Part of the CUNY CS04All project.

Python If Statements, Natalia Novak

Open Educational Resources

Python If-else branches, equality and relational operators, and some additional topics: Boolean operators and expressions, membership and identity operators.

Prior knowledge of variables, assignments, and expressions is recommended.

For CS0 students. Part of the CUNY CS04All project.

General Chemistry 2, Themis Lazaridis

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Top-Quark Pair Hadroproduction In Association With A Heavy Boson At Nlo+Nnll Including Ew Corrections, Alessandro Broggio, Andrea Ferroglia, Rikkert Frederix, Davide Pagani, Benjamin D. Pecjak, Ioannis Tsinikos

Publications and Research

This work studies the associated production of a top-quark pair with a W, Z, or Higgs boson at the LHC. Predictions for the total cross sections as well as for several differential distributions of the massive particles in the final state are provided. These predictions, valid for the LHC operating at 13 TeV, include without any approximation all the NLO electroweak and QCD contributions of O(αⁱ_sα^j+1) with i + j = 2, 3. In addition, the predictions presented here improve upon the NLO QCD results by adding the effects of soft gluon emission …

An Overview And Evaluation Of Synthetc: A Statistical Model For Extra-Tropical Cyclones, Rafael Uryayev

Dissertations and Theses

Extratropical cyclones (ETCs) are the most common weather phenomena affecting the United States, Canada, and Europe. They can pose serious hazards over large swaths of area. In this thesis, a statistical model of ETCs, called SynthETC, is discussed. The model accounts for the for genesis, track path, termination, and intensity of statistically generated ETCs. Genesis is modeled as a Poisson process, whose mean is determined by climate and historical information. Tracks are modeled as a regression-mean determined by climate and historical information plus a stochastic component. Lysis is modeled using logistic regression, with climate states as covariates. Intensity is modeled …

Microfluidic Study Of Gravity-Driven Drainage And Coalescence Of Aqueous Two Dimensional Foams, Justin D. Heftel

Dissertations and Theses

Foams, a two-phase dispersion, are staples of the cosmetic, personal care, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and other industries. Central to these applications is the stability of the dispersion against separation. Foams break down by two mechanisms: the first is bubble coalescence, which is driven by the gravity drainage of the continuous phase. The drainage acts to push the bubbles against each other, and leads to the formation of thin lamellae, which break and cause the coalescence. The second is the mass transfer of the dispersed phase through the continuous phase, which is caused by the difference in pressures between the bubbles and …

Experimental Applications Of Virtual Reality In Design Education, Amber Bartosh, Phillip Anzalone

Publications and Research

By introducing rapid reproduction, algorithms, and complex formal configurations, the digital era of architecture began a revolution. Architects incorporated the computational capacity of the computer into the design process both as a tool and as a critical component of the theories and practice of architecture as a whole. As we move into what has been coined “the second digital turn,” a period in which digital integration is considered ubiquitous, how can we consider, prepare, and propel towards the next technological innovation to significantly inform design thinking, representation, and manifestation? What tools are available to investigate this speculative design future and …

Python List, Natalia Novak

Open Educational Resources

A brief introduction to Python list.

No loops, no decision structures.

For CS0 students. Part of the CUNY CS04All project.

Minimalistic Supramolecular Proteoglycan Mimics By Co-Assembly Of Aromatic Peptide And Carbohydrate Amphiphiles, Alexandra Brito, Yousef M. Abul-Haija, Diana Soares De Costa, Ramon Novoa-Carballal, Rui L. Reis, Rein V. Ulijn, Ricardo A. Pires, Iva Pashkuleva

Advanced Science Research Center

We report the co-assembly of aromatic carbohydrate and dipeptide amphiphiles under physiological conditions as a strategy to generate minimalistic proteoglycan mimics. The resulting nanofibers present a structural, fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) core and a functional carbohydrate (Fmoc-glucosamine-6-sulfate or -phosphate) shell. The size, degree of bundling and mechanical properties of the assembled structures depend on the chemical nature of the carbohydrate amphiphile used. In cell culture medium, these nanofibers can further organize into supramolecular hydrogels. We demonstrate that, similar to proteoglycans, the assembled gels prolong the stability of growth factors and preserve the viability of cultured cells. Our results demonstrate that this approach …

Using Fundamental Properties Of Light To Investigate Photonic Effects In Condensed Matter And Biological Tissues, Laura A. Sordillo

Dissertations and Theses

Light possesses characteristics such as polarization, wavelength and coherence. The interaction of light and matter, whether in a semiconductor or in a biological sample, can reveal important information about the internal properties of a system. My thesis focuses on two areas: photocarriers in gallium arsenide and biomedical optics. Varying the excitation wavelength can be used to study both biological tissue and condensed matter. I altered the excitation wavelengths to be in the longer near-infrared (NIR) optical windows, in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) range, a wavelength region previously thought to be unusable for medical imaging. With this method, I acquired high …

Hydroclimate Drivers And Atmospheric Dynamics Of Floods, Nasser Najibi

Dissertations and Theses

Our preliminary survey showed that most of the recent flood-related studies did not formally explain the physical mechanisms of long-duration and large-peak flood events that can evoke substantial damages to properties and infrastructure systems. These studies also fell short of fully assessing the interactions of coupled ocean-atmosphere and land dynamics which are capable of forcing substantial changes to the flood attributes by governing the exceeding surface flow regimes and moisture source-sink relationships at the spatiotemporal scales important for risk management. This dissertation advances the understanding of the variability in flood duration, peak, volume, and timing at the regional to the …

Scalar Transport Over A Forest Edge With Impact Of Vertical Distribution Of Foliage And Source Types, Yulong Ma, Heping Liu, Zhenqing Liu, Chuixiang Yi, Brian Lamb

Publications and Research

The dynamics of forest-boundary-layer interactions over a forest edge have been an interesting research topic in recent years. A better understanding of edge flow has implications for the siting and interpretation of flux measurements near a forest edge. In the present study, we use large-eddy simulations with the newly developed multi-layer canopy model MCANOPY to investigate canopy flows, or more specifically scalar transfer, over a forest edge. Two important impact factors for edge flows are considered: the vertical distribution of foliage and the scalar source/sink distribution. The simulations show that both factors have non-ignored impacts on the scalar transfer over …

Episodic And Continuous Recharge Estimation From High-Resolution Well Records, Timothy Eaton

Publications and Research

Water table fluctuation (WTF) methods are a primary and well-established way to determine groundwater recharge based on the direct response of the water table to precipitation input. An emerging complexity of recharge is whether it occurs as an episodic and transient process, or a continuous steady-state process, however most studies have not focused on these short-term vs long-term timescales, in part because of a lack of data resolution. Here, high-resolution (subhourly) precipitation and water level data are analyzed for wells in the suburbs of New York City using two contrasting WTF approaches, with a common mathematical basis, that are suited …

Electrical Conductivity And Resistivity Study Of Heterogeneous Sediment In Inwood Hill Park, Manhattan, Ny, Rea A. Khaleda

Dissertations and Theses

The area near the inlet of Spuyten Duyvil Creek in Inwood Hill Park in New York City exhibits complex hydrological processes. The inlet is a tidal flat, which contains brackish water; a mixture of saltwater and freshwater. The area was modified by man, built on a shell bed and contains heterogeneous sediment. One field adjacent to the inlet contains several small sinkholes. Electrical resistivity and ground conductivity techniques were used in order to get an understanding of the hydrological processes of this field. It was hypothesized that the formation of the sinkholes is due to the tidal forcing of the …

Comparison Of Gold Extraction Yields By Cyanide Treatment Vs. Bioleaching Procedure, Yilman Steven Pineda

Dissertations and Theses

Samples from the tailings of the Picacho mine in California were leached using NaCN and native bacteria, Alcaligenes faecalis, in column experiments to compare the gold recovery yields in the effluents. Four columns were treated with a different liquid: water, bacteria, NaCN and a mixture of cyanide and bacteria. After they were leached the effluents were analyzed to determine gold yields. During experiment I the total Au recovered in the effluent in the column treated with bacteria was only 10.09% less than those treated with cyanide (C2) and 81.7% more than the control. In experiment II, Au values measured were …

Snowmelt Detection On Alpine Glaciers Using Synthetic Aperture Radar Time Series, Corey Scher

Dissertations and Theses

Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) glaciers serve as some of the most sensitive indicators of changes in global climate. These glaciers shape the hydrologic dynamics of river systems supplying freshwater to over 2 billion people throughout Asia and regulate the geochemistry of sensitive aquatic alpine ecosystems. As snowmelt onsets sooner, lasts longer, and snowfields retreat due to increases in global temperature, the hydrologic dynamics of catchments draining HKH threaten to change the availability of surface freshwater resources for nearly one fifth of the global population, disturb sensitive aquatic habitat, and precipitate hazards associated with glacier wasting. Informed planning and decision-making around …

Carbonatites As A Record Of The Carbon Isotope Composition Of Large Igneous Province Outgassing, Ellen Gales

Dissertations and Theses

Large igneous province (LIP) eruptions have been linked in some cases to major perturbations of Earth’s carbon cycle. However, few observations directly constrain the isotopic composition of carbon released by LIP magmas because carbon isotopes fractionate during degassing, which hampers understanding of the relative roles of mantle versus crustal carbon reservoirs. Carbonatite magmatism associated with LIPs provides a unique window into the isotopic systematics of LIP carbon because the majority of carbon in carbonatites crystalizes rather than degassing. Here, we present new δ¹³C data for the Guli carbonatites in the Siberian Traps. In addition, we compile ~260 published …

Teaching With Technology: Using A Virtual Learning Community And Peer Mentoring To Create An Interdisciplinary Intervention, Rebecca Mazumdar, Nadia Benakli, Pamela Brown

Publications and Research

This paper describes the development and implementation of engaging and supportive experiences to promote student engagement, persistence and success at a commuter, open enrollment, public, minority serving institution. Project components included faculty development at the SENCER Summer Institute (SSI) 2016, attended by a team comprised of an academic administrator, full-time faculty from English and math, and part-time faculty in chemistry; creation of a virtual learning community of freshmen enrolled in chemistry, English, and math linked by the specific theme of the environmental impacts of deicing roads with salt and the overarching theme of the impacts of human activities on the …

New Perspectives On The Schrödinger-Pauli Theory Of Electrons: Part I, Viraht Sahni

Publications and Research

Schrödinger-Pauli (SP) theory is a description of electrons in the presence of a static electromagnetic field in which the interaction of the magnetic field with both the orbital and spin moments is explicitly considered. The theory is described from the new perspective of the individual electron via its equation of motion or ‘Quantal Newtonian’ first law. The law is in terms of ‘classical’ fields whose sources are quantum mechanical expectation values of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the system wave function. The law states that each electron experiences an external and an internal field, the sum of which vanish. …

New Perspectives On The Schrödinger-Pauli Theory Of Electrons: Part Ii: Application To The Triplet State Of A Quantum Dot In A Magnetic Field, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni

Publications and Research

The Schrödinger-Pauli (SP) theory of electrons in the presence of a static electromagnetic field can be described from the perspective of the individual electron via its equation of motion or 'Quantal Newtonian' first law. The law is in terms of 'classical' fields whose sources are quantum-mechanical expectation values of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. The law states that the sum of the external and internal fields experienced by each electron vanishes. The external field is the sum of the binding electrostatic and Lorentz fields. The internal field is the sum of fields representative of properties of …

Graded Quivers And B-Branes At Calabi-Yau Singularities, Cyril Closset, Sebastían Franco, Jirui Guo, Azeem Hasan

Publications and Research

A graded quiver with superpotential is a quiver whose arrows are assigned degrees c ∈ {0, 1, · · · , m}, for some integer m ≥ 0, with relations generated by a superpotential of degree m − 1. Ordinary quivers (m = 1) often describe the open string sector of D-brane systems; in particular, they capture the physics of D3-branes at local Calabi-Yau (CY) 3-fold singularities in type IIB string theory, in the guise of 4d N = 1 supersymmetric quiver gauge theories. It was pointed out recently that graded quivers with m = 2 and m …

Measuring The Weizsäcker-Williams Distribution Of Linearly Polarized Gluons At An Electron-Ion Collider Through Dijet Azimuthal Asymmetries, Adrian Dumitru, Vladimir Skokov, Thomas Ullrich

Publications and Research

The production of a hard dijet with small transverse momentum imbalance in semi-inclusive DIS probes the conventional and linearly polarized Weizsäcker-Williams (WW) transverse momentum dependent (TMD) gluon distributions. The latter, in particular, gives rise to an azimuthal dependence of the dijet cross section. In this paper we analyze the feasibility of a measurement of these TMDs through dijet production in DIS on a nucleus at an electron-ion collider. We introduce the MCDIJET Monte Carlo generator to sample quark-antiquark dijet configurations based on leading-order parton level cross sections with WW gluon distributions that solve the nonlinear small-x QCD evolution equations. …

Reconstruction Of Top Quark Pair Dilepton Decays In Electron-Positron Collisions, Helenka Casler, Matthew Manganel, Miguel C. N. Fiolhais, Andrea Ferroglia, António Onofre

Publications and Research

A new algorithm is presented to perform the full kinematic reconstruction of top quark pair events produced at future electron-positron colliders in the case of dilepton decays of the W bosons to electrons or muons. The momentum components of the undetected neutrino and antineutrino in the event are reconstructed by employing several kinematic conditions comprising a nonlinear system of six equations. This system is solved numerically using two independent methods, and the selection of the best candidate real solution for each event is determined by a likelihood discriminant. Results are presented for several reconstructed kinematic properties of the W^{± …}

The International Conference On Intelligent Biology And Medicine (Icibm) 2018: Bioinformatics Towards Translational Applications, Xiaoming Liu, Lei Xie, Zhijin Wu, Kai Wang, Zhongming Zhao, Jianhuan Ruan, Degui Zhi

Publications and Research

The 2018 International Conference on Intelligent Biology and Medicine (ICIBM 2018) was held on June 10–12, 2018, in Los Angeles, California, USA. The conference consisted of a total of eleven scientific sessions, four tutorials, one poster session, four keynote talks and four eminent scholar talks, which covered a wild range of aspects of bioinformatics, medical informatics, systems biology and intelligent computing. Here, we summarize nine research articles selected for publishing in BMC Bioinformatics.

Nano-Based Systems And Biomacromolecules As Carriers For Metallodrugs In Anticancer Therapy, Mina Poursharifi, Marek T. Wlodarczyk, Aneta J. Mieszawska

Publications and Research

Since the discovery of cisplatin and its potency in anticancer therapy, the development of metallodrugs has been an active area of research. The large choice of transition metals, oxidation states, coordinating ligands, and different geometries, allows for the design of metal-based agents with unique mechanisms of action. Many metallodrugs, such as titanium, ruthenium, gallium, tin, gold, and copper-based complexes have been found to have anticancer activities. However, biological application of these agents necessitates aqueous solubility and low systemic toxicity. This minireview highlights the emerging strategies to facilitate the in vivo application of metallodrugs, aimed at enhancing their solubility and bioavailability, …

As The Clothing Industry Is A Major Polluter, Sustainable Fashion Is Rising, Gabe Herman

Capstones

That the fashion industry is one of the biggest polluters in the world is one of the industry’s best-kept secrets — it uses a quarter of the chemicals produced globally, and its share of the world’s CO2 emissions is expected to rise from 2 percent to 26 percent in the next 30 years. Developing nations — where many factories are located — are most affected. Every year in Bangladesh, for example, tanneries dump enough toxic waste into rivers to fill three Olympic-sized swimming pools. Advocates and some in the fashion world are working to not only get the word out, …

Open Source Foundations For Spatial Decision Support Systems, Jochen Albrecht

Publications and Research

Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) were a hot topic in the 1990s, when researchers tried to imbue GIS with additional decision support features. Successful practical developments such as HAZUS or CommunityViz have since been built, based on commercial desktop software and without much heed for theory other than what underlies their process models. Others, like UrbanSim, have been completely overhauled twice but without much external scrutiny. Both the practical and the theoretical foundations of decision support systems have developed considerably over the past 20 years. This article presents an overview of these developments and then looks at what corresponding tools …