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Articles 991 - 1020 of 6056

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Transformative Possibilities Of The Microbiota And Mycobiota For Health, Disease, Aging, And Technological Innovation, Lucas Jones, Jessica Kumar, Adil Mistry, Thriveen Sankar Chittoor Mana, George Perry, Prakash Reddy, Mark Obrenovich Jun 2019

The Transformative Possibilities Of The Microbiota And Mycobiota For Health, Disease, Aging, And Technological Innovation, Lucas Jones, Jessica Kumar, Adil Mistry, Thriveen Sankar Chittoor Mana, George Perry, Prakash Reddy, Mark Obrenovich

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The gut microbiota is extremely important for the health of the host across its lifespan. Recent studies have elucidated connections between the gut microbiota and neurological disease and disorders such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease (AD), autism, and a host of other brain illnesses. Dysbiosis of the normal gut flora can have negative consequences for humans, especially throughout key periods during our lifespan as the gut microbes change with age in both phenotype and number of bacterial species. Neurologic diseases, mental disorders, and euthymic states are influenced by alterations in the metabolites produced by gut microbial milieu. We introduce a …

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Iron Detection And Remediation With A Functionalized Porous Polymer Applied To Environmental Water Samples, Sumin Lee, Adam Uliana, Mercedes K. Taylor, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Jun 2019

Iron Detection And Remediation With A Functionalized Porous Polymer Applied To Environmental Water Samples, Sumin Lee, Adam Uliana, Mercedes K. Taylor, Gary J. Long, Fernande Grandjean, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Iron is one of the most abundant elements in the environment and in the human body. As an essential nutrient, iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and iron dysregulation is implicated in numerous pathologies, including neuro-degenerative diseases, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Endogenous iron pool concentrations are directly linked to iron ion uptake from environmental sources such as drinking water, providing motivation for developing new technologies for assessing iron(ii) and iron(iii) levels in water. However, conventional methods for measuring aqueous iron pools remain laborious and costly and often require sophisticated equipment and/or additional processing steps to remove the iron ions from the original …

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Ultrasensitive And Highly Selective Ni₃Te₂ As A Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor At Extremely Low Working Potential, Bahareh Golrokh Amin, Umanga De Silva, Jahangir Masud, Manashi Nath Jun 2019

Ultrasensitive And Highly Selective Ni₃Te₂ As A Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor At Extremely Low Working Potential, Bahareh Golrokh Amin, Umanga De Silva, Jahangir Masud, Manashi Nath

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Developing Nonenzymatic glucose biosensors has recently been at the center of attention owing to their potential application in implantable and continuous glucose monitoring systems. In this article, nickel telluride nanostructure with the generic formula of Ni3Te2 has been reported as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for glucose oxidation, functional at a low operating potential. Ni3Te2 nanostructures were prepared by two synthesis methods, direct electrodeposition on the electrode and hydrothermal method. The electrodeposited Ni3Te2 exhibited a wide linear range of response corresponding to glucose oxidation exhibiting a high sensitivity of 41.615 mA cm …

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Narrow-Band Search For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars Using The Second Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Jun 2019

Narrow-Band Search For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars Using The Second Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Isolated spinning neutron stars, asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis, are expected to be sources of continuous gravitational waves. The most sensitive searches for these sources are based on accurate matched filtering techniques that assume the continuous wave to be phase locked with the pulsar beamed emission. While matched filtering maximizes the search sensitivity, a significant signal-to-noise ratio loss will happen in the case of a mismatch between the assumed and the true signal phase evolution. Narrow-band algorithms allow for a small mismatch in the frequency and spin-down values of the pulsar while coherently integrating the entire dataset. In …

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Few-Body Dynamics Underlying Postcollision Effects In The Ionization Of H₂ By 75-Kev Proton Impact, M. Dhital, S. Bastola, A. Silvus, Don H. Madison, Michael Schulz Jun 2019

Few-Body Dynamics Underlying Postcollision Effects In The Ionization Of H₂ By 75-Kev Proton Impact, M. Dhital, S. Bastola, A. Silvus, Don H. Madison, Michael Schulz

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have measured fully differential cross sections (FDCS) for ionization in 75-keVp+H2 collisions for ejected electron speeds close to the projectile speed. The data were analyzed in dependence on both the electron emission angle and the projectile scattering angle. Pronounced postcollisional effects between the projectile and the ejected electrons were observed. Significant differences between experiment and theory and between two conceptually very similar theoretical models were found. This shows that in the region of electron-projectile velocity-matching the FDCS is very sensitive to the details of the underlying few-body dynamics.

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Impact Of Anharmonicity On The Vibrational Entropy And Specific Heat Of Uo₂, M. S. Bryan, J. W. L. Pang, B. C. Larson, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, D. L. Abernathy, K. Gofryk, M. E. Manley, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Jun 2019

Impact Of Anharmonicity On The Vibrational Entropy And Specific Heat Of Uo₂, M. S. Bryan, J. W. L. Pang, B. C. Larson, Aleksandr V. Chernatynskiy, D. L. Abernathy, K. Gofryk, M. E. Manley, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The impact of anharmonicity on the vibrational entropy and heat capacity of UO2 has been investigated from 10 to 1200 K using inelastic neutron-scattering measurements of the phonon density of states (PDOS). Small changes in the PDOS are observed from 10 to 295 K, with more noticeable changes appearing in the 750- and 1200-K data. The specific heat determined from the PDOS measurements is in agreement with macroscopic specific heat measurements, and the overall impact of nondilation anharmonicity on the specific heat has been shown to be less than 2%. An analysis of the phonon measurements shows that the softening …

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Searches For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars At Two Harmonics In 2015-2017 Ligo Data, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Jun 2019

Searches For Gravitational Waves From Known Pulsars At Two Harmonics In 2015-2017 Ligo Data, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present a search for gravitational waves from 221 pulsars with rotation frequencies ≳ 10 Hz. We use advanced LIGO data from its first and second observing runs spanning 2015-2017, which provides the highest-sensitivity gravitational-wave data so far obtained. In this search we target emission from both the l = m = 2 mass quadrupole mode, with a frequency at twice that of the pulsar's rotation, and the l = 2, m = 1 mode, with a frequency at the pulsar rotation frequency. The search finds no evidence for gravitational-wave emission from any pulsar at either frequency. For the l …

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Lithospheric Structure And Evolution Of Southern Africa: Constraints From Joint Inversion Of Rayleigh Wave Dispersion And Receiver Functions, Tuo Wang, Stephen S. Gao, Yuhang Dai, Qiuyue Yang, Kelly H. Liu Jun 2019

Lithospheric Structure And Evolution Of Southern Africa: Constraints From Joint Inversion Of Rayleigh Wave Dispersion And Receiver Functions, Tuo Wang, Stephen S. Gao, Yuhang Dai, Qiuyue Yang, Kelly H. Liu

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We conduct a joint inversion of teleseismic receiver functions and Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion from both ambient noise and earthquakes using data from 79 seismic stations in southern Africa, which is home to some of the world's oldest cratons and orogenic belts. The area has experienced two of the largest igneous activities in the world (the Okavango dyke swarm and Bushveld mafic intrusion) and thus is an ideal locale for investigating continental formation and evolution. The resulting 3-D shear wave velocities for the depth range of 0—100Â km and crustal thickness measurements show a clear spatial correspondence with known …

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A Course In Harmonic Analysis, Jason Murphy May 2019

A Course In Harmonic Analysis, Jason Murphy

AOER Course Materials

These notes were written to accompany the courses Math 6461 and Math 6462 (Harmonic Analysis I and II) at Missouri University of Science & Technology during the 2018-2019 academic year. The goal of these notes is to provide an introduction to a range of topics and techniques in harmonic analysis, covering material that is interesting not only to students of pure mathematics, but also to those interested in applications in computer science, engineering, physics, and so on.

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Quench Dynamics And Orthogonality Catastrophe Of Bose Polarons, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, G. M. Koutentakis, Th Busch, P. Schmelcher May 2019

Quench Dynamics And Orthogonality Catastrophe Of Bose Polarons, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, G. M. Koutentakis, Th Busch, P. Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Monitor The Correlated Quench Induced Dynamical Dressing Of A Spinor Impurity Repulsively Interacting With A Bose-Einstein Condensate. Inspecting The Temporal Evolution Of The Structure Factor, Three Distinct Dynamical Regions Arise Upon Increasing The Interspecies Interaction. These Regions Are Found To Be Related To The Segregated Nature Of The Impurity And To The Ohmic Character Of The Bath. It Is Shown That The Impurity Dynamics Can Be Described By An Effective Potential That Deforms From A Harmonic To A Double-Well One When Crossing The Miscibility-Immiscibility Threshold. In Particular, For Miscible Components The Polaron Formation Is Imprinted On The Spectral Response …

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Probing Ferromagnetic Order In Few-Fermion Correlated Spin-Flip Dynamics, G. M. Koutentakis, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher May 2019

Probing Ferromagnetic Order In Few-Fermion Correlated Spin-Flip Dynamics, G. M. Koutentakis, Simeon I. Mistakidis, P. Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Unravel The Dynamical Stability Of A Fully Polarized One-Dimensional Ultracold Few-Fermion Spin-1/2 Gas Subjected To Inhomogeneous Driving Of The Itinerant Spins. Despite The Unstable Character Of The Total Spin-Polarization The Existence Of An Interaction Regime Is Demonstrated Where The Spin-Correlations Lead To Almost Maximally Aligned Spins Throughout The Dynamics. The Resulting Ferromagnetic Order Emerges From The Build Up Of Superpositions Of States Of Maximal Total Spin. They Comprise A Decaying Spin-Polarization And A Dynamical Evolution Towards An Almost Completely Unpolarized NOON-Like State. Via Single-Shot Simulations We Demonstrate That Our Theoretical Predictions Can Be Detected In State-Of-The-Art Ultracold Experiments.

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Sensor System And Method For Cognitive Health Assessment, Debraj De, Sajal K. Das, Mignon Makos May 2019

Sensor System And Method For Cognitive Health Assessment, Debraj De, Sajal K. Das, Mignon Makos

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Sensors arranged on a chair on which a subject is seated detect a physical characteristic of the subject during administration of a cognitive health assessment. An assessment processor coupled to the sensors executes computer-executable instructions causing the processor to determine a contemporaneous reaction corresponding to each of the questions as a function of the detected physical characteristic. And the subject is assigned a cognitive health assessment score based on the subject's answers and determined reactions.

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Transverse Localization Of Transmission Eigenchannels, Hasan Yılmaz, Chia Wei Hsu, Alexey Yamilov, Hui Cao May 2019

Transverse Localization Of Transmission Eigenchannels, Hasan Yılmaz, Chia Wei Hsu, Alexey Yamilov, Hui Cao

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Transmission eigenchannels are building blocks of coherent wave transport in diffusive media, and selective excitation of individual eigenchannels can lead to diverse transport behaviour. An essential yet poorly understood property is the transverse spatial profile of each eigenchannel, which is relevant for the associated energy density and critical for coupling light into and out of it. Here, we discover that the transmission eigenchannels of a disordered slab possess exponentially localized incident and outgoing profiles, even in the diffusive regime far from Anderson localization. Such transverse localization arises from a combination of reciprocity, local coupling of spatial modes and non-local correlations …

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Crustal Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath The Central North China Craton Revealed By Receiver Functions, Tuo Zheng, Zhifeng Ding, Jieyuan Ning, Kelly H. Liu, Stephen S. Gao, Lijun Chang, Fansheng Kong, Xiaoping Fan May 2019

Crustal Azimuthal Anisotropy Beneath The Central North China Craton Revealed By Receiver Functions, Tuo Zheng, Zhifeng Ding, Jieyuan Ning, Kelly H. Liu, Stephen S. Gao, Lijun Chang, Fansheng Kong, Xiaoping Fan

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To characterize crustal anisotropy beneath the central North China Craton (CNCC), we apply a recently developed deconvolution approach to effectively remove near-surface reverberations in the receiver functions recorded at 200 broadband seismic stations and subsequently determine the fast orientation and the magnitude of crustal azimuthal anisotropy by fitting the sinusoidal moveout of the P to S converted phases from the Moho and intracrustal discontinuities. The magnitude of crustal anisotropy is found to range from 0.06 s to 0.54Â s, with an average of 0.25 ± 0.08Â s. Fault-parallel anisotropy in the seismically active Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone is significant and could …

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In Situ Nmr Parameter Monitoring Systems And Methods For Measuring Ph And Temperature, Ming Huang, Lingyu Chi, Rex E. Gerald Ii, Jie Huang, Annalise R. Pfaff, Klaus Woelk May 2019

In Situ Nmr Parameter Monitoring Systems And Methods For Measuring Ph And Temperature, Ming Huang, Lingyu Chi, Rex E. Gerald Ii, Jie Huang, Annalise R. Pfaff, Klaus Woelk

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Devices and methods are provided for measuring temperatures and pHs of a sample in situ using NMR spectroscopy, and for sealing one or more ends of a capillary tube after a reference material has been added to the capillary tube, which is used in an in situ NMR temperature measurement device. A method for measuring a pH of a sample in situ using NMR spectroscopy includes providing an in situ NMR pH measurement device. This device includes a sample housing member configured to house a target sample, at least one pH sensor configured to exhibit an NMR spectral change due …

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The Protective Effect Of N-Acetylcysteine Amide Against Paraquat-Induced Neurotoxicity, Burhan Ates, Nigar Vardi, Hakan Parlakpinar, Merve Goksin Karaaslan, Ismet Yilmaz, Nuran Ercal May 2019

The Protective Effect Of N-Acetylcysteine Amide Against Paraquat-Induced Neurotoxicity, Burhan Ates, Nigar Vardi, Hakan Parlakpinar, Merve Goksin Karaaslan, Ismet Yilmaz, Nuran Ercal

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) is a new antioxidant molecule with powerful radical scavenging properties. The aim of this study was to investigate neuroprotective effects of NACA against paraquat (PQ) toxicity in the midbrains of rats by using motor coordination tests and biochemical and histological analysis. Thirty adult Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: Group 1: control (n = 10), Group 2: PQ (10 mg/kg) (n = 10), and Group 3: PQ (10 mg/kg) + NACA (100 mg/kg) (n = 10). NACA was administrated intraperitoneally 30 min before PQ injection. Performance was measured for a period of 28 days. The …

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Triple Differential Cross Sections For Electron-Impact Ionization Of Methane At Intermediate Energy, Esam Ali, Carlos Granados, Ahmad Sakaamini, Don H. Madison May 2019

Triple Differential Cross Sections For Electron-Impact Ionization Of Methane At Intermediate Energy, Esam Ali, Carlos Granados, Ahmad Sakaamini, Don H. Madison

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report an experimental and theoretical investigation of electron-impact single ionization of the highest occupied molecular orbital 1t2 and the next highest occupied molecular orbital 2a1 states of CH4 at an incident electron energy of 250 eV. Triple differential cross sections measured in two different laboratories were compared with results calculated within the molecular 3-body distorted wave and generalized Sturmian function theoretical models. For ionization of the 1t2 state, the binary peak was observed to have a single maximum near the momentum transfer direction that evolved into a double peak for increasing projectile scattering angles, as …

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Learning Temporal Information From A Single Image For Au Detection, Huiyuan Yang, Lijun Yin May 2019

Learning Temporal Information From A Single Image For Au Detection, Huiyuan Yang, Lijun Yin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Automatic Facial Action Units (AUs) detection is the recognition of the facial appearance changes caused by the contraction or relaxation of one or more related facial muscles. Compared to the sequence-based methods, a decreased performance is observed for the static image-based AU detection, due to the loss of temporal information. To solve this problem, we propose a novel method that implicitly learns temporal information from a single image for AU detection by adding a hidden optical-flow layer to concatenate two Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) models: optical-flow net (OF-Net) and AU detection net (AU-Net). The OF-Net is designed to estimate the …

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All-Sky Search For Long-Duration Gravitational-Wave Transients In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. May 2019

All-Sky Search For Long-Duration Gravitational-Wave Transients In The Second Advanced Ligo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present the results of a search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients in the data from the Advanced LIGO second observation run; we search for gravitational-wave transients of 2-500 s duration in the 24-2048 Hz frequency band with minimal assumptions about signal properties such as waveform morphologies, polarization, sky location or time of occurrence. Signal families covered by these search algorithms include fallback accretion onto neutron stars, broadband chirps from innermost stable circular orbit waves around rotating black holes, eccentric inspiral-merger-ringdown compact binary coalescence waveforms, and other models. The second observation run totals about 118.3 days of coincident data between November …

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Tests Of General Relativity With Gw170817, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. May 2019

Tests Of General Relativity With Gw170817, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The recent discovery by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo of a gravitational wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral has enabled tests of general relativity (GR) with this new type of source. This source, for the first time, permits tests of strong-field dynamics of compact binaries in the presence of matter. In this Letter, we place constraints on the dipole radiation and possible deviations from GR in the post-Newtonian coefficients that govern the inspiral regime. Bounds on modified dispersion of gravitational waves are obtained; in combination with information from the observed electromagnetic counterpart we can also constrain effects due …

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Computational Investigation On Electronic Structures And Properties Of 4,6-Bis(Nitroimino)-1,3,5-Triazinan-2-One: An Insensitive Munition Compound, Katarina M. Pittman, Harley R. Mcalexander, Gregory S. Tschumper, Manoj K. Shukla Apr 2019

Computational Investigation On Electronic Structures And Properties Of 4,6-Bis(Nitroimino)-1,3,5-Triazinan-2-One: An Insensitive Munition Compound, Katarina M. Pittman, Harley R. Mcalexander, Gregory S. Tschumper, Manoj K. Shukla

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

In order to minimize unintentional detonation, munitions researchers have focused on the development of chemical compounds that are insensitive to external stimuli while maintaining their effectiveness. Although these compounds, known as high-performance insensitive munition compounds, are promising in terms of potency and stability, their environmental impacts have either not been fully understood or are yet to be investigated. In the present research, we have performed a quantum chemical investigation on electronic structures and properties of an insensitive munition compound 4,6-bis(nitroimino)-1,3,5-triazinan-2-one (DNAM). The density functional theory using the B3LYP and M06-2X functionals and MP2 methodology were used for geometry optimization of …

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Repulsive Fermi Polarons And Their Induced Interactions In Binary Mixtures Of Ultracold Atoms, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, G. M. Koutentakis, P. Schmelcher Apr 2019

Repulsive Fermi Polarons And Their Induced Interactions In Binary Mixtures Of Ultracold Atoms, Simeon I. Mistakidis, Garyfallia C. Katsimiga, G. M. Koutentakis, P. Schmelcher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Explore Repulsive Fermi Polarons In One-Dimensional Harmonically Trapped Few-Body Mixtures Of Ultracold Atoms Using As A Case Example A 6Li-40K Mixture. A Characterization Of These Quasiparticle-Like States, Whose Appearance Is Signaled In The Impurity's Radiofrequency Spectrum, Is Achieved By Extracting Their Lifetime And Residua. Increasing The Number Of 40K Impurities Leads To The Occurrence Of Both Single And Multiple Polarons That Are Entangled With Their Environment. An Interaction-Dependent Broadening Of The Spectral Lines Is Observed Suggesting The Presence Of Induced Interactions. We Propose The Relative Distance Between The Impurities As An Adequate Measure To Detect Induced Interactions Independently Of …

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Low-Latency Gravitational-Wave Alerts For Multimessenger Astronomy During The Second Advanced Ligo And Virgo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website. Apr 2019

Low-Latency Gravitational-Wave Alerts For Multimessenger Astronomy During The Second Advanced Ligo And Virgo Observing Run, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Advanced LIGO's second observing run (O2), conducted from 2016 November 30 to 2017 August 25, combined with Advanced Virgo's first observations in 2017 August, witnessed the birth of gravitational-wave multimessenger astronomy. The first ever gravitational-wave detection from the coalescence of two neutron stars, GW170817, and its gamma-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, led to an electromagnetic follow-up of the event at an unprecedented scale. Several teams from across the world searched for EM/neutrino counterparts to GW170817, paving the way for the discovery of optical, X-ray, and radio counterparts. In this article, we describe the online identification of gravitational-wave transients and the distribution …

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Modeling Land Subsidence Using Insar And Airborne Electromagnetic Data, Ryan G. Smith, R. Knight Apr 2019

Modeling Land Subsidence Using Insar And Airborne Electromagnetic Data, Ryan G. Smith, R. Knight

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Land subsidence as a result of groundwater overpumping in the San Joaquin Valley, California, is associated with the loss of groundwater storage and aquifer contamination. Although the physical processes governing land subsidence are well understood, building predictive models of subsidence is challenging because so much subsurface information is required to do so accurately. For the first time, we integrate airborne electromagnetic data, representing the subsurface, with subsidence data, mapped by interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), to model deformation. By combining both data sets, we are able to solve for hydrologic and geophysical properties of the subsurface to effectively model the …

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Multi-Modality Empowered Network For Facial Action Unit Detection, Peng Liu, Zheng Zhang, Huiyuan Yang, Lijun Yin Mar 2019

Multi-Modality Empowered Network For Facial Action Unit Detection, Peng Liu, Zheng Zhang, Huiyuan Yang, Lijun Yin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a new thermal empowered multi-task network (TEMT-Net) to improve facial action unit detection. Our primary goal is to leverage the situation that the training set has multi-modality data while the application scenario only has one modality. Thermal images are robust to illumination and face color. In the proposed multi-task framework, we utilize both modality data. Action unit detection and facial landmark detection are correlated tasks. To utilize the advantage and the correlation of different modalities and different tasks, we propose a novel thermal empowered multi-task deep neural network learning approach for action unit detection, facial landmark detection …

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Integer Quantum Hall Transition On A Tight-Binding Lattice, Martin Puschmann, Philipp Cain, Michael Schreiber, Thomas Vojta Mar 2019

Integer Quantum Hall Transition On A Tight-Binding Lattice, Martin Puschmann, Philipp Cain, Michael Schreiber, Thomas Vojta

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Even though the integer quantum Hall transition has been investigated for nearly four decades its critical behavior remains a puzzle. The best theoretical and experimental results for the localization length exponent ν differ significantly from each other, casting doubt on our fundamental understanding. While this discrepancy is often attributed to long-range Coulomb interactions, Gruzberg et al. [Phys. Rev. B 95, 125414 (2017)10.1103/PhysRevB.95.125414] recently suggested that the semiclassical Chalker-Coddington model, widely employed in numerical simulations, is incomplete, questioning the established central theoretical results. To shed light on the controversy, we perform a high-accuracy study of the integer quantum Hall transition for …

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Thermomagnetic Properties And Magnetocaloric Effect Of Feconicral-Type High-Entropy Alloys, Suok Min Na, Paul K. Lambert, Hyunsoo Kim, Johnpierre Paglione, Nicholas J. Jones Mar 2019

Thermomagnetic Properties And Magnetocaloric Effect Of Feconicral-Type High-Entropy Alloys, Suok Min Na, Paul K. Lambert, Hyunsoo Kim, Johnpierre Paglione, Nicholas J. Jones

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this work, we investigate the effects of substituting Ni/Al for Cr on the thermomagnetic and magnetocaloric properties of FeCoNiCrAl-type high entropy alloys (HEAs). Ni and Al appear to prefer the BCC phase, and increases in the Al composition appear to stabilize the BCC phase. In contrast to Al, Ni content yields an increase in the FCC phase fraction, resulting in a drop off in magnetization. The phase transformation from BCC to FCC was intensified at annealing temperatures of 800 °C and higher due to increased diffusion rates and the resulting spinodal decomposition. A magnetic phase transition around 150 K …

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Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Substrate Release From Trypanosoma Cruzi Udp-Galactopyranose Mutase, Rodrigo Cossio-Pérez, Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile, Pablo Sobrado, Juliana Palma Feb 2019

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Substrate Release From Trypanosoma Cruzi Udp-Galactopyranose Mutase, Rodrigo Cossio-Pérez, Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile, Pablo Sobrado, Juliana Palma

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The enzyme UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM) represents a promising drug target for the treatment of infections with Trypanosoma cruzi. We have computed the Potential of Mean Force for the release of UDP-galactopyranose from UGM, using Umbrella Sampling simulations. The simulations revealed the conformational changes that both substrate and enzyme undergo during the process. It was determined that the galactopyranose portion of the substrate is highly mobile and that the opening/closing of the active site occurs in stages. Previously uncharacterized interactions with highly conserved residues were also identified. These findings provide new pieces of information that contribute to the rational design of …

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Reply To "Comment On 'Coherent-State Path Integrals In The Continuum'", G. Kordas, Simeon I. Mistakidis, A. I. Karanikas Feb 2019

Reply To "Comment On 'Coherent-State Path Integrals In The Continuum'", G. Kordas, Simeon I. Mistakidis, A. I. Karanikas

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Reply We Briefly Clarify The Main Points Of Our Method To Construct Coherent-State Path Integrals In The Continuum And We Reply To The Critique Raised By In The Preceding Comment By Kochetov [Phys. Rev. A 99, 026101 (2019)10.1103/PhysRevA.99.026101]. By Using Definite Examples, We Prove That Our Approach Is Capable Of Resolving The Inconsistencies Accompanying The Standard Coherent-State Path-Integral Representation Of Interacting Systems.

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Fractional Brownian Motion In A Finite Interval: Correlations Effect Depletion Or Accretion Zones Of Particles Near Boundaries, T. Guggenberger, G. Pagnini, Thomas Vojta, R. Metzler Feb 2019

Fractional Brownian Motion In A Finite Interval: Correlations Effect Depletion Or Accretion Zones Of Particles Near Boundaries, T. Guggenberger, G. Pagnini, Thomas Vojta, R. Metzler

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fractional Brownian motion (FBM) is a Gaussian stochastic process with stationary, long-time correlated increments and is frequently used to model anomalous diffusion processes. We study numerically FBM confined to a finite interval with reflecting boundary conditions. The probability density function of this reflected FBM at long times converges to a stationary distribution showing distinct deviations from the fully flat distribution of amplitude 1/L in an interval of length L found for reflected normal Brownian motion. While for superdiffusion, corresponding to a mean squared displacement (MSD) ⟨X2(t)⟩ ≃ tα with 1 < α < 2, the probability density function is lowered in the centre of the interval and rises towards the boundaries, for subdiffusion (0 < α < 1) this behaviour is reversed and the particle density is depleted close to the boundaries. The MSD in these cases at long times converges to a stationary value, which is, remarkably, monotonically increasing with the anomalous diffusion exponent α. Our a priori surprising results may have interesting …

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