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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 3798

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Some Unified Results On Comparing Linear Combinations Of Independent Gamma Random Variables, Subhash C. Kochar, Maochao Xu Jul 2012

Some Unified Results On Comparing Linear Combinations Of Independent Gamma Random Variables, Subhash C. Kochar, Maochao Xu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, a new sufficient condition for comparing linear combinations of independent gamma random variables according to star ordering is given. This unifies some of the newly proved results on this problem. Equivalent characterizations between various stochastic orders are established by utilizing the new condition. The main results in this paper generalize and unify several results in the literature including those of Amiri, Khaledi, and Samaniego [2], Zhao [18], and Kochar and Xu [9].

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The Intersection Between Science And Computer Science Is Almost Empty, Dick Hamlet Jun 2012

The Intersection Between Science And Computer Science Is Almost Empty, Dick Hamlet

Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series

Traditionally, a science such as physics overlaps with mathematics and engineering in a way that has been astonishingly productive. The math provides precise expression for the science, which in turn supplies the engineering with the information it needs to exploit physical phenomena. Computer science naturally wishes to put itself in the center of the traditional picture as a science. Unfortunately, it won't wash. The `science' of programming is pure and simple mathematics, not science. The distinction is more than linguistic, since science and mathematics have quite distinct goals and methods. By making the wrong choice, computer science research has been …

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The Effects Of Utility Pole Placement And Characteristics On Pentachlorophenol Concentrations Entering Underground Injection Control (Uic) Devices: City Of Gresham, Oregon, Katie Bohnren Jun 2012

The Effects Of Utility Pole Placement And Characteristics On Pentachlorophenol Concentrations Entering Underground Injection Control (Uic) Devices: City Of Gresham, Oregon, Katie Bohnren

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

Urbanization is causing increased amounts of stormwater runoff, while simultaneously decreasing the amount of pervious surface area for infiltration. Multiple priority pollutants have been identified in urban stormwater, including pentachlorophenol (PCP). PCP is often found in stormwater samples exceeding the Safe Drinking Water Act limit of 1μg/L and can cause human health issues with exposure over time. Treated wood utility poles are the major source of PCP in urban stormwater. With the use of underground injection control (UIC) devices as an alternative method to treat and dispose of stormwater, the potential exists for groundwater contamination of PCP. The City of …

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Using Environmental Variables And Soil Processes To Forecast Denitrification Potential And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes In Coastal Plain Wetlands Across Different Land Uses, Jennifer L. Morse, Marcelo Ardón, Emily S. Bernhardt Jun 2012

Using Environmental Variables And Soil Processes To Forecast Denitrification Potential And Nitrous Oxide Fluxes In Coastal Plain Wetlands Across Different Land Uses, Jennifer L. Morse, Marcelo Ardón, Emily S. Bernhardt

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

We examined relationships between denitrification (DNF) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes and potentially important chemical and physical predictors to build a predictive understanding of gaseous N losses from coastal plain wetlands. We collected soil, gas, and pore water samples from 48 sampling locations across a large (440 ha) restored wetland, an adjacent drained agricultural field, and nearby forested wetlands every two months over two years. In summer and fall 2007, we measured soil DNF potential (21.6-3560 mg N m-3 d-1) and N2O efflux (-4.36-8.81 mg N m -2 d-1), along with 17 predictor variables. We developed statistical models for the …

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System Dynamics Implementation Of A Model Of Population And Resource Dynamics With Adaptation, Takuro Uehara, Yoko Nagase, Wayne Wakeland Jun 2012

System Dynamics Implementation Of A Model Of Population And Resource Dynamics With Adaptation, Takuro Uehara, Yoko Nagase, Wayne Wakeland

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

We build and analyze a dynamic ecological economic model that incorporates endogenous innovation on input substitutability. The use of the system dynamics method allows us to depart from conventional equilibrium thinking and conduct an out-of-equilibrium (adaptation) analysis. Simulation results show that while improvement in input substitutability will expand an economy, this change alone may not improve sustainability measured by indicators such as utility-per-capita and natural resource stock. It could, however, be possible that in combination with other technological progress, improvement in input substitutability will contribute to sustainable development. Sensitivity analysis also indicates a possible complication with the use of exogenous …

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Bayesian And Related Methods: Techniques Based On Bayes' Theorem, Mehmet Vurkaç May 2012

Bayesian And Related Methods: Techniques Based On Bayes' Theorem, Mehmet Vurkaç

Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series

Bayes' theorem is a simple algebraic consequence of conditional probability. Yet, its consequences are critical to philosophy, society, and technology. Starting from its simple derivation, we will show how its interpretation in terms of base rates (priors) and class-conditional likelihoods illuminates everyday problems in medicine and law, and provides signal processing, communications, machine learning, model selection, and other applications of statistics with powerful classification and estimation tools. Next, we will briefly examine some of the ways in which this theorem can be adopted to include multiple attributes, contexts, hypotheses, and levels of risk. Methods derived from or related to Bayes’ …

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Redeveloping Regional Economies For Present And Future Generations: Prosperity For People Within Ecological Limits, Langdon Marsh, Craig W. Shinn May 2012

Redeveloping Regional Economies For Present And Future Generations: Prosperity For People Within Ecological Limits, Langdon Marsh, Craig W. Shinn

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Many scientists and scholars believe the world is headed toward multiple ecological and social crises during the lifetime of much of the world's population. If they are correct, a shift in how economies work will be necessary. We will no longer be able to rely on the ever expanding use of natural resources with the attendant pollution from their extraction, processing, transport, disposal, and social costs including civil disruptions and wars associated with greater scarcity. A number of proposals have been made that offer either comprehensive or partial solutions to the regional and global dimensions of these impending crises. One …

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Simple Ecosystem Service Valuation Can Impact National Forest Management, David E. Ervin, Gary Larsen, Craig Shinn May 2012

Simple Ecosystem Service Valuation Can Impact National Forest Management, David E. Ervin, Gary Larsen, Craig Shinn

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This essay is about how a relatively simple application of the ‘new scarcity’ paradigm for non-market ecosystem services (Simpson, Toman and Ayres 2005) changed the management plan for a national forest. We identify lessons from our experience for AERE members.

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A Fast Response Highly Selective Probe For The Detection Of Glutathione In Human Blood Plasma, Yixing Guo, Xiaofeng Yang, Lovemore Hakuna, Aabha Barve, Jorge O. Escobedo, Mark Lowry, Robert M. Strongin May 2012

A Fast Response Highly Selective Probe For The Detection Of Glutathione In Human Blood Plasma, Yixing Guo, Xiaofeng Yang, Lovemore Hakuna, Aabha Barve, Jorge O. Escobedo, Mark Lowry, Robert M. Strongin

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

A fluorescent probe for glutathione (GSH) detection was developed. Our study indicates a possible mechanism which couples a conjugate addition and micelle-catalyzed large membered ring formation/elimination sequence. This method enables excellent selectivity towards GSH over other biological thiols such as cysteine (Cys) and homocysteine (Hcy). The proposed method is precise with a relative standard deviation (R.S.D) lower than 6% (n = 3) and has been successfully applied to determine GSH in human plasma with recoveries between 99.2% and 102.3%.

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An Individual-Based Process Model To Simulate Landscape-Scale Forest Ecosystem Dynamics, Rupert Seidi, Werner Rammer, Robert M. Scheller, Thomas A. Spies Apr 2012

An Individual-Based Process Model To Simulate Landscape-Scale Forest Ecosystem Dynamics, Rupert Seidi, Werner Rammer, Robert M. Scheller, Thomas A. Spies

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Forest ecosystem dynamics emerges from nonlinear interactions between adaptive biotic agents (i.e., individual trees) and their relationship with a spatially and temporally heterogeneous abiotic environment. Understanding and predicting the dynamics resulting from these complex interactions is crucial for the sustainable stewardship of ecosystems, particularly in the context of rapidly changing environmental conditions. Here we present iLand (the individual-based forest landscape and disturbance model), a novel approach to simulating forest dynamics as an emergent property of environmental drivers, ecosystem processes and dynamic interactions across scales. Our specific objectives were (i) to describe the model, in particular its novel approach to simulate …

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Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Is Unaffected By Modest Changes In Pressure, Benjamin Charles Webber, Christiane A. Carney, Mark Woods Apr 2012

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Is Unaffected By Modest Changes In Pressure, Benjamin Charles Webber, Christiane A. Carney, Mark Woods

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

ParaCEST (paramagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer) agents offer an unparalleled opportunity to perform quantitative molecular imaging by MRI. Agents that can alter the image contrast they generate in response to changes in local environmental parameters such as pH, glucose concentration or lactate concentration can be used ratiometrically to quantitatively describe the local tissue environment. However, when performing such quantitative measurements it is important that the results are not confounded by changes in a second environmental parameter. In vivo pressure varies quite considerably, both through the respiratory cycle and from tissue to tissue (tumors in particular have high interstitial pressures). Since …

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A Performance Assessment Of Two Multi-Component Water Quality Facilities In The Columbia Slough And Fairview Creek Watersheds, Chris Robinson Apr 2012

A Performance Assessment Of Two Multi-Component Water Quality Facilities In The Columbia Slough And Fairview Creek Watersheds, Chris Robinson

Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports

We examined the treatment trains at the Columbia Slough (CSWQF) and Fairview Creek Water Quality Facilities (FCWQF) in Gresham, OR and assessed their effectiveness at removing pollutants including nutrients, TSS, metals, pesticides, PAHs, and VOCs. Time-paced, fixed volume composite samples were collected during storm events at the inlets and outlet of the CSWQF and at the inlets and outlet of each treatment train component of the FCWQF. In addition, long-term data collected at the FCWQF was analyzed. Composite data collected during November 2-3, 2011 and March 5-6, 2012 showed that the treatment trains can measurably reduce the event mean concentration …

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The Role Of Habitat Restoration And Conservation In The Changing Socio-Economic Conditions Of Grant County, Oregon, Kristen Lauren Senkyr Mar 2012

The Role Of Habitat Restoration And Conservation In The Changing Socio-Economic Conditions Of Grant County, Oregon, Kristen Lauren Senkyr

Dissertations and Theses

Habitat restoration has socio-economic as well as biophysical impacts. In Grant County, Oregon a recent influx of funding and technical resources for habitat restoration has led to focused monitoring efforts there to better understand the impacts. This study explores how local land use and land management practices are changing in Grant County as a result of restoration and other drivers. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 landowners, land managers, and long time residents to document the change they have observed and identify how they are adapting. The results suggest that many interconnected social, economic, and ecological changes have taken place …

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The Solutions Generation, Robert Costanza Mar 2012

The Solutions Generation, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The Arab Spring, and more recently the Occupy movement, are both indications of growing dissatisfaction with the world?s current plight, especially among the younger generation, who see diminished hope for the future. Anger and protests can be an effective way of bringing the current system into question, and even toppling the existing regime, but they do little by themselves to lead the way to a better future. For that, we need a compelling shared vision and a focus on real solutions.

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Real-Time Change And Damage Detection Of Landslides And Other Earth Movements Threatening Public Infrastructure, Michael J. Olsen, Shawn Butcher, Evon P. Silvia Mar 2012

Real-Time Change And Damage Detection Of Landslides And Other Earth Movements Threatening Public Infrastructure, Michael J. Olsen, Shawn Butcher, Evon P. Silvia

TREC Final Reports

Geologic hazards such as coastal erosion, landslides, seismic loading, etc. constantly threaten public highway construction and maintenance. Repeat surveys using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS, ground-based LiDAR) enable rapid 3D data acquisition to map, see, analyze, and understand the processes generating such problems. Previously, change detection and analysis between scan surveys was conducted during post-processing upon return to the office, instead of while collecting data in the field. Change detection in the field improves the effectiveness and efficiency of the field investigation. We have developed a new algorithm that quickly geo-references scans upon field acquisition and simultaneously performs change detection by …

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Reversed Chloroquine Molecules As A Strategy To Overcome Resistance In Malaria, David H. Peyton Mar 2012

Reversed Chloroquine Molecules As A Strategy To Overcome Resistance In Malaria, David H. Peyton

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

This short review tells the story of how Reversed Chloroquine drugs (RCQs) were developed. These are hybrid molecules, made by combining the quinoline nucleus from chloroquine (CQ) with moieties which are designed to inhibit efflux via known transporters in the membrane of the digestive vacuole of the malaria parasite. The resulting RCQ drugs can have potencies exceeding that of CQ, while at the same time having physical chemical characteristics that may make them favorable as partner drugs in combination therapies. The need for such novel antimalarial drugs will continue for the foreseeable future.

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Application Of Inter-Die Rank Statistics In Defect Detection, Vivek Bakshi Mar 2012

Application Of Inter-Die Rank Statistics In Defect Detection, Vivek Bakshi

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis presents a statistical method to identify the test escapes. Test often acquires parametric measurements as a function of logical state of a chip. The usual method of classifying chips as pass or fail is to compare each state measurement to a test limit. Subtle manufacturing defects are escaping the test limits due to process variations in deep sub-micron technologies which results in mixing of healthy and faulty parametric test measurements. This thesis identifies the chips with subtle defects by using rank order of the parametric measurements. A hypothesis is developed that a defect is likely to disturb the …

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Links From Mantle To Microbe At The Lau Integrated Study Site: Insights From A Back-Arc Spreading Center, Margaret K. Tivey, Erin Becker, Roxanne Beinart, Charles R. Fisher, Peter Girguis, Charles H. Langmuir, Peter J. Michael, Anna-Louise Reysenbach Mar 2012

Links From Mantle To Microbe At The Lau Integrated Study Site: Insights From A Back-Arc Spreading Center, Margaret K. Tivey, Erin Becker, Roxanne Beinart, Charles R. Fisher, Peter Girguis, Charles H. Langmuir, Peter J. Michael, Anna-Louise Reysenbach

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Lau Integrated Study Site (ISS) has provided unique opportunities for study of ridge processes because of its back-arc setting in the southwestern Pacific. Its location allows study of a biogeographical province distinct from those of eastern Pacific and mid-Atlantic ridges, and crustal compositions along the ridge lie outside the range of mid-ocean ridge crustal compositions. The Lau ISS is located above a subduction zone, at an oblique angle. The underlying mantle receives water and other elements derived from the downgoing lithospheric slab, with an increase in slab influence from north to south. Water lowers the mantle melting temperature and …

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De Novo Transcriptome Of Safflower And The Identification Of Putative Genes For Oleosin And The Biosynthesis Of Flavonoids, Haiyan Li, Yuanyuan Dong, Jing Yang, Xiuming Liu, Yanfang Wang, Na Yao, Lili Guan, Nan Wang, Jinyu Wu, Xiaokun Li Feb 2012

De Novo Transcriptome Of Safflower And The Identification Of Putative Genes For Oleosin And The Biosynthesis Of Flavonoids, Haiyan Li, Yuanyuan Dong, Jing Yang, Xiuming Liu, Yanfang Wang, Na Yao, Lili Guan, Nan Wang, Jinyu Wu, Xiaokun Li

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is one of the most extensively used oil crops in the world. However, little is known about how its compounds are synthesized at the genetic level. In this study, Solexa-based deep sequencing on seed, leaf and petal of safflower produced a de novo transcriptome consisting of 153,769 unigenes. We annotated 82,916 of the unigenes with gene annotation and assigned functional terms and specific pathways to a subset of them. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that 23 unigenes were predicted to be responsible for the biosynthesis of flavonoids and 8 were characterized as seed-specific oleosins. In addition, a …

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Ecosystem Services: The Making Of A Metaphor We Live (?) By, Richard B. Norgaard Feb 2012

Ecosystem Services: The Making Of A Metaphor We Live (?) By, Richard B. Norgaard

Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series

What started as a humble metaphor to help us think about our relation to nature has become integral to how we are addressing the future of humanity and the course of biological evolution. The metaphor of nature as a stock that provides a flow of services is insufficient for the difficulties we are in or the task ahead. Indeed, combined with the mistaken presumption that we can analyze a global problem within a partial equilibrium economic framework and reach a new economy project-by-project without major institutional change, the simplicity of the stock-flow framework blinds us to the complexity of the …

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Artificial Modifications Of The Coast In Response To The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Quick Solutions Or Long-Term Liabilities?, M. Luisa Martinez, Rusty A. Feagin, Kevin M. Yeager, John W. Day, Robert Costanza, Jim A. Harris, Richard J. Hobbs, Jorge López-Portillo, Ian J. Walker, Eric Higgs, Patricia Moreno-Casasola, Julio Sheinbaum, Alejandro Yáñez-Arancibia Feb 2012

Artificial Modifications Of The Coast In Response To The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Quick Solutions Or Long-Term Liabilities?, M. Luisa Martinez, Rusty A. Feagin, Kevin M. Yeager, John W. Day, Robert Costanza, Jim A. Harris, Richard J. Hobbs, Jorge López-Portillo, Ian J. Walker, Eric Higgs, Patricia Moreno-Casasola, Julio Sheinbaum, Alejandro Yáñez-Arancibia

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill threatened many coastal ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico during the spring and summer of 2010. Mitigation strategies included the construction of barrier sand berms, the restriction or blocking of inlets, and the diversion of freshwater from rivers to the coastal marshes and into the ocean, in order to flush away the oil, on the premise that these measures could reduce the quantity of oil reaching sensitive coastal environments such as wetlands or estuaries. These projects result in changes to the ecosystems that they were intended to protect. Long-term effects include alterations of the hydrological …

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Northwest Forest Plan The First 15 Years (1994-2008): Watershed Condition Status And Trend, Steven H. Lanigan, Sean N. Gordon, Peter Eldred, Mark Isley, Heidi Anderson Feb 2012

Northwest Forest Plan The First 15 Years (1994-2008): Watershed Condition Status And Trend, Steven H. Lanigan, Sean N. Gordon, Peter Eldred, Mark Isley, Heidi Anderson

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

We used two data sets to evaluate stream and watershed condition for sixth-field watersheds in each aquatic province within the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) area: stream data and upslope data. The stream evaluation was based on inchannel data (e.g., substrate, pieces of large wood, water temperature, pool frequency, and macroinvertebrates) we sampled from 2002 to 2009 (193 watersheds) as part of a repeating sample design. We just completed our first round of sampling, so only current condition was calculated for this data set. When condition scores for the inchannel data were grouped into categories, relatively few fell into the low …

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Developing An Integrated History And Future Of People On Earth (Ihope), Robert Costanza, Ida Kubiszewski, Scott Heckbert, Kathy A. Hibbard, Sander Van Der Leeuw, Steve Aulenbach, Simon Brewer, Michael Burek, Sarah Cornell, Carole L. Crumley, Lisa J. Graumlich, Michelle Hegmon, Stephen T. Jackson, Paul Sinclair, Sverker Sörlin, W. L. Steffen, Carl Folke, J. A. Dearing, Vernon Scarborough Feb 2012

Developing An Integrated History And Future Of People On Earth (Ihope), Robert Costanza, Ida Kubiszewski, Scott Heckbert, Kathy A. Hibbard, Sander Van Der Leeuw, Steve Aulenbach, Simon Brewer, Michael Burek, Sarah Cornell, Carole L. Crumley, Lisa J. Graumlich, Michelle Hegmon, Stephen T. Jackson, Paul Sinclair, Sverker Sörlin, W. L. Steffen, Carl Folke, J. A. Dearing, Vernon Scarborough

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The Integrated History and future of People of Earth (IHOPE) initiative is a global network of researchers and research projects with its International Program Office (IPO) now based at the Stockholm Resilience Center (SRC), Upsalla University, Arizona State University, Portland State University, and the Australian National University. Research linked to IHOPE demonstrates that Earth system changes in the past have been strongly associated with changes in the coupled human-environment system. IHOPE supports integrating knowledge and resources from the biophysical and the social sciences and the humanities to address analytical and interpretive issues associated with coupled human-earth system dynamics. This integration …

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Students Designing Sustainability Literacy And Systemic Change Agent Leadership Curricula: An Interconnected Web Approach At Portland State University, Angela L. Hamilton, Heather E. Spalding Feb 2012

Students Designing Sustainability Literacy And Systemic Change Agent Leadership Curricula: An Interconnected Web Approach At Portland State University, Angela L. Hamilton, Heather E. Spalding

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

This article profiles unique programs in which students play direct roles in curriculum design, highlights factors that have contributed to programmatic successes, and provides some recommendations for other postsecondary institutions based on lessons learned.

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Volatilizable Biogenic Organic Compounds (Vbocs) With Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry (Gc × Gc-Tofms): Sampling Methods, Vboc Complexity, And Chromatographic Retention Data, James F. Pankow, Wentai Luo, Andrea Natalie Melnychenko, Kelley Barsanti, Lorne M. Isabelle, C. Chen, Alex B. Guenther, Todd N. Rosenstiel Feb 2012

Volatilizable Biogenic Organic Compounds (Vbocs) With Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry (Gc × Gc-Tofms): Sampling Methods, Vboc Complexity, And Chromatographic Retention Data, James F. Pankow, Wentai Luo, Andrea Natalie Melnychenko, Kelley Barsanti, Lorne M. Isabelle, C. Chen, Alex B. Guenther, Todd N. Rosenstiel

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The article discusses the application of two dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) with detection by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) in the analysis of air samples containing volatilizable biogenic organic compounds (VBOCs) from leaves of Cedrus atlantica and Calycolpus moritzianus trees. It describes some of the VBOC analytical methods. Also explored are the conditions for sampling with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers and adsorption/thermal desorption (ATD) cartridges.

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Convergence Analysis Of A Multigrid Algorithm For The Acoustic Single Layer Equation, Simon Gemmrich, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Nilima Nigam Feb 2012

Convergence Analysis Of A Multigrid Algorithm For The Acoustic Single Layer Equation, Simon Gemmrich, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Nilima Nigam

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present and analyze a multigrid algorithm for the acoustic single layer equation in two dimensions. The boundary element formulation of the equation is based on piecewise constant test functions and we make use of a weak inner product in the multigrid scheme as proposed in Bramble et al. (1994) . A full error analysis of the algorithm is presented. We also conduct a numerical study of the effect of the weak inner product on the oscillatory behavior of the eigenfunctions for the Laplace single layer operator.

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Ancient Cataclysmic Floods In The Pacific Northwest: Ancestors To The Missoula Floods, Erica Medley Jan 2012

Ancient Cataclysmic Floods In The Pacific Northwest: Ancestors To The Missoula Floods, Erica Medley

Dissertations and Theses

Ancient Cataclysmic Floods were the Ice Age Floods that left erosional and depositional features and preceded the Missoula Floods (15-18,000 ka) in the Pacific Northwest of the United States (Allen et al., 2009). All previously studied ancient sites were visited (14) and new sites (11) were found; four Missoula Flood quarries were also visited; a total of 29 sites were studied in this thesis. The use of calcrete paleosols to provide relative age dates for flood deposits was analyzed in this thesis. Missoula Flood gravel pits were sampled in order to examine the degree of calcrete development in flood deposits …

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Survey Of Aquatic Invasive Species In Selected Umpqua National Forest Lakes And Ponds, Mark D. Sytsma, Rich Miller Jan 2012

Survey Of Aquatic Invasive Species In Selected Umpqua National Forest Lakes And Ponds, Mark D. Sytsma, Rich Miller

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

Eleven lakes and ponds within the Umpqua National Forest were surveyed for invasive aquatic macrophytes, snails, bivalves, and crayfish during the summer of 2011. Yellow floating heart (Nymphoides peltata), an invasive floating leaf macrophyte species, was detected in Willow Sump within the Little River drainage. European ear snails (Radix auricularia), an invasive species present in several Umpqua National Forest waterbodies, were detected in Beaver Pond within the Steamboat Creek drainage. One native crayfish species, the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus), was observed in Crayfish Lake within the Brice Creek drainage. Diverse assemblages of native plant species were observed in the lakes …

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A Fair Share Of The Information Commons, Ida Kubiszewski, Robert Costanza Jan 2012

A Fair Share Of The Information Commons, Ida Kubiszewski, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

In this chapter we discuss the special characteristics of information as a type of commons that needs special institutions to manage its production and use effectively and create greater overall economic efficiency, social justice and ecological sustainability. These methods include monetary prizes, publicly funded research from which the produced information is released into the public domain, and status driven incentive structures like those in academia and the open-source community.

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Urban Ecosystem Services: Tree Diversity And Stability Of Tropospheric Ozone Removal, Fausto Manes, Guido Incerti, Elisabetta Salvatori, Marcello Vitale, Carlo Ricotta, Robert Costanza Jan 2012

Urban Ecosystem Services: Tree Diversity And Stability Of Tropospheric Ozone Removal, Fausto Manes, Guido Incerti, Elisabetta Salvatori, Marcello Vitale, Carlo Ricotta, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Urban forests provide important ecosystem services, such as urban air quality improvement by removing pollutants. While robust evidence exists that plant physiology, abundance, and distribution within cities are basic parameters affecting the magnitude and efficiency of air pollution removal, little is known about effects of plant diversity on the stability of this ecosystem service. Here, by means of a spatial analysis integrating system dynamic modeling and geostatistics, we assessed the effects of tree diversity on the removal of tropospheric ozone (O3) in Rome, Italy, in two years (2003 and 2004) that were very different for climatic conditions and ozone levels. …

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