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Articles 2221 - 2250 of 3798

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Building A Sustainable And Desirable Economy-In-Society-In-Nature, Robert Costanza, Gar Alperovitz, Herman E. Daly, Joshua C. Farley, Carol Franco, Tim Jackson, Ida Kubiszewski, Juliet Schor, Peter A. Victor Jan 2012

Building A Sustainable And Desirable Economy-In-Society-In-Nature, Robert Costanza, Gar Alperovitz, Herman E. Daly, Joshua C. Farley, Carol Franco, Tim Jackson, Ida Kubiszewski, Juliet Schor, Peter A. Victor

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

This report is a synthesis of ideas about what this new economy-in-society-innature could look like and how we might get there. Most of the ideas presented here are not new. The coauthors of this report have published them in various forms over the last several decades, and many others have expressed similar ideas in venues too numerous to mention. What is new is the timing and the situation. The time has come when we must make a transition. We have no choice. Our present path is clearly unsustainable. As Paul Raskin has said, "Contrary to the conventional wisdom, it is …

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Institutions For Managing Ecosystem Services, Jennifer H. Allen, Jenny Duvander, Ida Kubiszewski, Elinor Ostrom Jan 2012

Institutions For Managing Ecosystem Services, Jennifer H. Allen, Jenny Duvander, Ida Kubiszewski, Elinor Ostrom

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Two decades of research into the management of what economists call common-pool resources suggests that, under the right conditions, local communities can manage shared resources sustainably and successfully. These revolutionary findings challenge the long-held belief in the "tragedy of the commons." Instead, we have found that tragedy is not inevitable when a shared resource is at stake, provided that people communicate. In many places—from Swiss pastures to Japanese forests—communities have come together for the sake of the environment and their own long-term well-being. Common-pool resources have two features: first, they are shared resources whose use by one person makes them …

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Needed: The Solutions Generation, Robert Costanza Jan 2012

Needed: The Solutions Generation, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

The author argues on the need for a shared vision and focus in solving fundamental problems facing the U.S. He suggests that people should design new political and economic systems that can create shared prosperity without increasing their demands on a finite environment. The author comments that people should vision a refocus on the goal of sustainable human well-being instead of maximizing conventional economic production and consumption.

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The Future Of Agriculture And Society In Iowa: Four Scenarios, Meghann E. Jarchow, G. L. Drake Larsen, Robert Costanza, Gretchen Zdorkowski, Stefans R. Gailans, Nicholaus Ohde, Ranae Dietzel, Sara Kaplan, Jeri Neal, Mae Rose Petrehn, Theodore Gunther, Stephanie N. D’Adamo, Nicholas Mccann, Andrew Larson, Phillip Damery, Lee Gross, Marc Merriman, Ida Kubiszewski, Julian Post, Meghan Sheradin, Matt Liebman Jan 2012

The Future Of Agriculture And Society In Iowa: Four Scenarios, Meghann E. Jarchow, G. L. Drake Larsen, Robert Costanza, Gretchen Zdorkowski, Stefans R. Gailans, Nicholaus Ohde, Ranae Dietzel, Sara Kaplan, Jeri Neal, Mae Rose Petrehn, Theodore Gunther, Stephanie N. D’Adamo, Nicholas Mccann, Andrew Larson, Phillip Damery, Lee Gross, Marc Merriman, Ida Kubiszewski, Julian Post, Meghan Sheradin, Matt Liebman

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Iowa is a leader in crop and livestock production, but its high productivity has had concomitant negative environmental and societal impacts and large requirements for fossil-fuel-derived inputs. Maintaining agricultural productivity, economic prosperity and environmental integrity will become ever more challenging as the global demand for agricultural products increases and the resources needed become increasingly limited. Here we present four scenarios for Iowa in 2100, based on combinations of differing goals for the economy and differing energy availability. In scenarios focused on high material throughput, environmental degradation and social unrest will increase. In scenarios with a focus on human and environmental …

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Ecosystem Health And Ecological Engineering, Robert Costanza Jan 2012

Ecosystem Health And Ecological Engineering, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Ecosystem health is a desired endpoint of environmental management and should be a primary design goal for ecological engineering. This paper describes ecosystem health as a comprehensive, multiscale, measure of system vigor, organization and resilience. Ecosystem health is thus closely linked to the idea of sustainability,whichimplies theabilityofthesystemtomaintainits structure(organization)andfunction (vigor) over time in the face of external stress (resilience). To be truly successful, ecological engineering should pursue the broader goal of designing healthy ecosystems, which may be novel assemblages of species that perform desired functions and produce a range of valuable ecosystem services. In this way ecological engineering can achieve its …

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On The Skewness Of Order Statistics With Applications, Subhash C. Kochar, Maochao Xu Jan 2012

On The Skewness Of Order Statistics With Applications, Subhash C. Kochar, Maochao Xu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Order statistics from heterogenous samples have been extensively studied in the literature. However, most of the work focused on the effect of heterogeneity on the magnitude and dispersion of order statistics. In this paper, we study the skewness of order statistics from heterogeneous samples in the sense of star order. The main results extended the results in Kochar and Xu (2009, 2011). Examples and applications in statistical inference are highlighted.

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Where Is The Rain-On-Snow Zone In The West-Central Washington Cascades?: Monte Carlo Simulation Of Large Storms In The Northwest, Matthew John Brunengo Jan 2012

Where Is The Rain-On-Snow Zone In The West-Central Washington Cascades?: Monte Carlo Simulation Of Large Storms In The Northwest, Matthew John Brunengo

Dissertations and Theses

Rain-on-snow (ROS) occurs when warm, wet air moves into latitudes and/or elevations having vulnerable snowpacks, where it can alter water inputs to infiltration, runoff and erosion. The Pacific Northwest is particularly susceptible: winter storms off the Pacific cause locally heavy rain plus snowmelt almost annually, and disastrous flooding and landsliding intermittently. In maritime mountainous terrain, the effects seem more likely and hydrologically important where warm rains and seasonal snowpacks are liable to coincide, in middle elevations. Several questions arise: (1) In the PNW, does ROS affect the long-term frequency and magnitude of water delivery to the ground, versus total precipitation …

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Identification Of The Biogenic Compounds Responsible For Size-Dependent Nanoparticle Growth, Paul M. Winkler, John Ortega, Thomas Karl, Luca Cappellin, Hans R. Friedli, Kelley Barsanti, Peter H. Mcmurry, James N. Smith Jan 2012

Identification Of The Biogenic Compounds Responsible For Size-Dependent Nanoparticle Growth, Paul M. Winkler, John Ortega, Thomas Karl, Luca Cappellin, Hans R. Friedli, Kelley Barsanti, Peter H. Mcmurry, James N. Smith

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The probability that freshly nucleated nanoparticles can survive to become cloud condensation nuclei is highly sensitive to particle growth rates. Much of the growth of newly formed ambient nanoparticles can be attributed to oxidized organic vapors originating from biogenic precursor gases. In this study we investigated the chemical composition of size-selected biogenic nanoparticles in the size range from 10 to 40 nm. Particles were formed in a flow tube reactor by ozonolysis ofα-pinene and analyzed with a Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer. While we found similar composition in 10 and 20 nm particles, the relative amounts of …

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People Of Snowy Mountain, People Of The River: A Multi-Agency Ethnographic Overview And Compendium Relating To Tribes Associated With Clark County, Nevada, Douglas Deur, Deborah Confer Jan 2012

People Of Snowy Mountain, People Of The River: A Multi-Agency Ethnographic Overview And Compendium Relating To Tribes Associated With Clark County, Nevada, Douglas Deur, Deborah Confer

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The current document has been undertaken to assist agencies in meeting their obligations for federally mandated compliance and consultation with Indian tribes that have historical associations with Clark County. The document has been designed in part to provide an overview of the territorial associations of various tribes with ties to this area. This is accomplished using ethnohistorical documentation as well key legal documents, such as treaty language and Indian Claims Commission findings, that establish parameters for agency consultation responsibilities. Managers of Clark County’s federal lands have been eager to identify those tribes that are tied to the area in various …

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Dynamic Ccd Pixel Depletion Edge Model And The Effects On Dark Current Production, Justin Charles Dunlap, Morley M. Blouke, Erik Bodegom, Ralf Widenhorn Jan 2012

Dynamic Ccd Pixel Depletion Edge Model And The Effects On Dark Current Production, Justin Charles Dunlap, Morley M. Blouke, Erik Bodegom, Ralf Widenhorn

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The depletion edge in Charge-Coupled Devices (CCD) pixels is dependent upon the amount of signal charge located within the depletion region. A model is presented that describes the movement of the depletion edge with increasing signal charge. This dynamic depletion edge is shown to have an effect on the amount of dark current produced by some pixels. Modeling the dark current behavior of pixels both with and without impurities over an entire imager demonstrates that this moving depletion edge has a significant effect on a subset of the pixels. Dark current collected by these pixels is shown to behave nonlinearly …

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Proton-Fountain Electric-Field-Assisted Nanolithography (Pen): Fabrication Of Polymer Nanostructures That Respond To Chemical And Electrical Stimuli. An Overview In The Context Of The Top-Down And Bottom-Up Approaches To Nanotechnology, Andres H. La Rosa, Mingdi Yan, Rodolfo Fernandez, Elia Zegarra Jan 2012

Proton-Fountain Electric-Field-Assisted Nanolithography (Pen): Fabrication Of Polymer Nanostructures That Respond To Chemical And Electrical Stimuli. An Overview In The Context Of The Top-Down And Bottom-Up Approaches To Nanotechnology, Andres H. La Rosa, Mingdi Yan, Rodolfo Fernandez, Elia Zegarra

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The development of chemically functionalized materials, such that their physical properties can vary in response to external mechanical, chemical, or optical stimuli, offers potential applications in a wide range of fields, namely microfluidics, electronic memory devices, sensors and actuators. In particular, patterned structures built with stimuli-responsive polymer materials are attractive due to their inherent lower cost production and for building soft scaffolds that mimic closer natural bio-environments. In addition, harnessing the construction of patterns with nanoscale dimensions would not only a) allow building lab-on-a-chip devices that require minimal chemical reactants volumes, but also b) find applications in the area of …

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Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, And Strategies: Perspectives Of Us Forest Service Managers, Shiloh Sundstrom, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Cassandra Moseley, Sarah Mccaffery Jan 2012

Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, And Strategies: Perspectives Of Us Forest Service Managers, Shiloh Sundstrom, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Cassandra Moseley, Sarah Mccaffery

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

The use of woody biomass is being promoted across the United States as a means of increasing energy independence, mitigating climate change, and reducing the cost of hazardous fuels reduction treatments and forest restoration projects. The opportunities and challenges for woody biomass use on the national forest system are unique. In addition to making woody biomass usage pencil out, national forest managers must also navigate substantial public engagement and forest planning processes that add to the complexity of fostering woody biomass use opportunities on the national forest system. We report on the results of a survey of US Forest Service …

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Greenhouse Gas Fluxes In Southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain Wetlands Under Contrasting Land Uses, Jennifer L. Morse, Marcelo Ardón, Emily S. Bernhardt Jan 2012

Greenhouse Gas Fluxes In Southeastern U.S. Coastal Plain Wetlands Under Contrasting Land Uses, Jennifer L. Morse, Marcelo Ardón, Emily S. Bernhardt

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Whether through sea level rise or wetland restoration, agricultural soils in coastal areas will be inundated at increasing rates, renewing connections to sensitive surface waters and raising critical questions about environmental trade-offs. Wetland restoration is often implemented in agricultural catchments to improve water quality through nutrient removal. Yet flooding of soils can also increase production of the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide and methane, representing a potential environmental trade-off. Our study aimed to quantify and compare greenhouse gas emissions from unmanaged and restored forested wetlands, as well as actively managed agricultural fields within the North Carolina coastal plain, USA. In sampling …

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A Locking-Free Hp Dpg Method For Linear Elasticity With Symmetric Stresses, Jamie Bramwell, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Weifeng Qiu Jan 2012

A Locking-Free Hp Dpg Method For Linear Elasticity With Symmetric Stresses, Jamie Bramwell, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Weifeng Qiu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present two new methods for linear elasticity that simultaneously yield stress and displacement approximations of optimal accuracy in both the mesh size h and polynomial degree p. This is achieved within the recently developed discontinuous Petrov- Galerkin (DPG) framework. In this framework, both the stress and the displacement ap- proximations are discontinuous across element interfaces. We study locking-free convergence properties and the interrelationships between the two DPG methods.

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Wavenumber Explicit Analysis Of A Dpg Method For The Multidimensional Helmholtz Equation, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Ignacio Muga, Jeffrey Zitelli Jan 2012

Wavenumber Explicit Analysis Of A Dpg Method For The Multidimensional Helmholtz Equation, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Ignacio Muga, Jeffrey Zitelli

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We study the properties of a novel discontinuous Petrov Galerkin (DPG) method for acoustic wave propagation. The method yields Hermitian positive definite matrices and has good pre-asymptotic stability properties. Numerically, we find that the method exhibits negligible phase errors (otherwise known as pollution errors) even in the lowest order case. Theoretically, we are able to prove error estimates that explicitly show the dependencies with respect to the wavenumber ω, the mesh size h, and the polynomial degree p. But the current state of the theory does not fully explain the remarkably good numerical phase errors. Theoretically, comparisons are made with …

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Asymptotic Reliability Rheory Of K-Out-Of-N Systems, Nuria Torrado, J. J. P. Veerman Jan 2012

Asymptotic Reliability Rheory Of K-Out-Of-N Systems, Nuria Torrado, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We formulate a theory that allows us to formulate a simple criterion that ensures that two k-out-of-n systems A and are not ordered. If the systems fail the criterion, it does not follow they are ordered. Thus the theory only serves to avoid some a priori useless comparisons: when neither A nor can be said to be better than the other. The power of the theory lies in its wide potential applicability: the assumptions involve very weak estimates on the asymptotic behavior (as t→0 and as t→∞) of the constituent survival probabilities. We include examples.

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A Class Of Discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin Methods. Part Iii: Adaptivity, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Antti H. Niemi Jan 2012

A Class Of Discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin Methods. Part Iii: Adaptivity, Leszek Demkowicz, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Antti H. Niemi

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We continue our theoretical and numerical study on the Discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin method with optimal test functions in context of 1D and 2D convection-dominated diffusion problems and hp-adaptivity. With a proper choice of the norm for the test space, we prove robustness (uniform stability with respect to the diffusion parameter) and mesh-independence of the energy norm of the FE error for the 1D problem. With hp-adaptivity and a proper scaling of the norms for the test functions, we establish new limits for solving convection-dominated diffusion problems numerically: for 1D and for 2D problems. The adaptive process is fully automatic and starts …

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Instability In A Generalized Keller–Segel Model, Patrick De Leenheer, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Erica Zuhr Jan 2012

Instability In A Generalized Keller–Segel Model, Patrick De Leenheer, Jay Gopalakrishnan, Erica Zuhr

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present a generalized Keller–Segel model where an arbitrary number of chemical compounds react, some of which are produced by a species, and one of which is a chemoattractant for the species. To investigate the stability of homogeneous stationary states of this generalized model, we consider the eigenvalues of a linearized system. We are able to reduce this infinite dimensional eigenproblem to a parametrized finite dimensional eigenproblem. By matrix theoretic tools, we then provide easily verifiable sufficient conditions for destabilizing the homogeneous stationary states. In particular, one of the sufficient conditions is that the chemotactic feedback is sufficiently strong. Although …

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Compound Capillary Rise, Mark M. Weislogel Jan 2012

Compound Capillary Rise, Mark M. Weislogel

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Irregular conduits, complex surfaces, and porous media often manifest more than one geometric wetting condition for spontaneous capillary flows. As a result, different regions of the flow exhibit different rates of flow, all the while sharing common dynamical capillary pressure boundary conditions. The classic problem of sudden capillary rise in tubes with interior corners is revisited from this perspective and solved numerically in the self-similar visco-capillary limit à laLucas–Washburn. Useful closed-form analytical solutions are obtained in asymptotic limits appropriate for many practical flows in conduits containing one or more interior corner. The critically wetted corners imbibe fluid away from …

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Surfactant-Free Hybridization Of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles With Conductive Graphene For High-Performance Supercapacitor, Wen Qian, Zhiqiang Chen, Steven Cottingham, William Alexander Merrill, Natasja A. Swartz, Andrea Goforth, Tami Lasseter Clare, Jun Jiao Jan 2012

Surfactant-Free Hybridization Of Transition Metal Oxide Nanoparticles With Conductive Graphene For High-Performance Supercapacitor, Wen Qian, Zhiqiang Chen, Steven Cottingham, William Alexander Merrill, Natasja A. Swartz, Andrea Goforth, Tami Lasseter Clare, Jun Jiao

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

In order to improve specific capacitance and limit electrical resistance, high-quality exfoliatedgraphene decorated with transition metal (Fe, Mn, Co) oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been successfully synthesized without the use of surfactant via a simple, general, environmentally-friendly chemical process. The specific capacitance of as-prepared graphene/Mn3O4 composite reach 239.6 F/g, when employed as the anode material in neutral NaCl electrolyte solutions (cf. 98.2 F/g for pristine graphene and 141.4 F/g for pure Mn3O4 NPs), which indicate the synergetic effects from both graphene and attached Mn3O4 NPs. Moreover, the high conductivity of …

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A Seminaphthofluorescein-Based Fluorescent Chemodosimeter For The Highly Selective Detection Of Cysteine, Xiaofeng Yang, Yixing Guo, Robert M. Strongin Jan 2012

A Seminaphthofluorescein-Based Fluorescent Chemodosimeter For The Highly Selective Detection Of Cysteine, Xiaofeng Yang, Yixing Guo, Robert M. Strongin

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

A fluorescent chemodosimeter for cysteine detection was developed based on a tandem conjugate addition and intramolecular cyclization reaction. The method exhibited an excellent selectivity for cysteine over other biothiols such as homocysteine and glutathione.

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Functional Promiscuity Of The Cog0720 Family, Gabriela Phillips, Laura L. Grochowski, Shilah Bonnett, Huimin Xu, Marc Bailly, Crysten Haas-Blaby, Basma El Yacoubi, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Robert H. White, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard Jan 2012

Functional Promiscuity Of The Cog0720 Family, Gabriela Phillips, Laura L. Grochowski, Shilah Bonnett, Huimin Xu, Marc Bailly, Crysten Haas-Blaby, Basma El Yacoubi, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Robert H. White, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The biosynthesis of GTP derived metabolites such as tetrahydrofolate (THF), biopterin (BH4), and the modified tRNA nucleosides queuosine (Q) and archaeosine (G+) relies on several enzymes of the Tunnel-fold superfamily. A subset of these proteins include the 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin (PTPS-II), PTPS-III, and PTPS-I homologs, all members of the COG0720 family, that have been previously shown to transform 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate (H2NTP) into different products. PTPS-II catalyzes the formation of 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin in the BH4 pathway. PTPS-III catalyzes the formation of 6-hydroxylmethyl-7,8-dihydropterin in the THF pathway. PTPS-I catalyzes the formation of 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin in the Q pathway. Genes of these …

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Diversity Of Archaeosine Synthesis In Crenarchaeota, Gabriela Phillips, Manal A. Swairjo, Kirk W. Gaston, Marc Bailly, Patrick A. Limbach, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard Jan 2012

Diversity Of Archaeosine Synthesis In Crenarchaeota, Gabriela Phillips, Manal A. Swairjo, Kirk W. Gaston, Marc Bailly, Patrick A. Limbach, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Archaeosine (G+) is found at position 15 of many archaeal tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, the G+ precursor, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0), is inserted into tRNA by tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (arcTGT) before conversion into G+ by ARChaeosine Synthase (ArcS). However, many Crenarchaeota known to harbor G+ lack ArcS homologs. Using comparative genomics approaches, two families that could functionally replace ArcS in these organisms were identified: 1) GAT-QueC, a two-domain family with an N-terminal glutamine amidotransferase class-II domain fused to a domain homologous to QueC, the enzyme that produces preQ0; 2) QueF-like, a family homologous to the bacterial enzyme catalyzing the reduction of preQ0 to 7- …

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Overview Of The 2010 Carbonaceous Aerosols And Radiative Effects Study (Cares), Rahul A. Zaveri, William J. Shaw, Daniel J. Cziczo, Beat Schmid, Richard Ferrare, M. Lizabeth Alexander, Raul Alvarez, W. Patrick Arnott, Dean B. Atkinson, Sunil Baidar, Robert M. Banta, James Barnard, Josef Beranek, Larry K. Berg, Fred Brechtel, W. Alan Brewer, John F. Cahill, Brian Cairns, Christopher D. Cappa, D. Chand, S. China, Jennifer M. Comstock, Manvendra K. Dubey, Robert C. Easter, M. H. Erickson, Jerome Fast, Cody Floerchinger, B. Flowers, Edward C. Fortner, Jeffrey S. Gaffney, Mary K. Gilles, Kyle Gorkowski, William Gustafson, Madhu Gyawali, J. Hair, R. M. Hardesty, Joseph Harworth, Scott C. Herndon, Naruki Hiranuma, Chris Hostetler, John M. Hubbe, John T. Jayne, H. Jeong, B. Tom Jobson, Evgueni Kassianov, Lawrence I. Kleinman, C. Kluzek, W. Berk Knighton, Katheryn R. Kolesar, Chongai Kuang, Alena Kubátová, Andrew O. Langford, Alexander Laskin, N. Laulainen, Richard D. Marchbanks, Claudio Mazzoleni, Fan Mei, Ryan C. Moffet, Dan Nelson, Michael Obland, Hilke Oetjen, Timothy B. Onasch, I. Ortega, Matteo Ottaviani, Mikhail Pekour, Kimberly A. Prather, James Gregory Radney, Raymond R. Rogers, Scott P. Sandberg, Arthur J. Sedlacek, Christoph J. Senff, Gunnar I. Senum, Ari Setyan, John E. Shilling, Manishkumar Shrivastava, C. Song, Stephen R. Springston, R. Subramanian, Kaitlyn Suski, Jason Tomlinson, Rainer M. Volkamer, H. W. Wallace, Jian Wang, A. M. Weickmann, Douglas R. Worsnop, Xiao-Ying Yu, Alla Zelenyuk, Qi Zhang Jan 2012

Overview Of The 2010 Carbonaceous Aerosols And Radiative Effects Study (Cares), Rahul A. Zaveri, William J. Shaw, Daniel J. Cziczo, Beat Schmid, Richard Ferrare, M. Lizabeth Alexander, Raul Alvarez, W. Patrick Arnott, Dean B. Atkinson, Sunil Baidar, Robert M. Banta, James Barnard, Josef Beranek, Larry K. Berg, Fred Brechtel, W. Alan Brewer, John F. Cahill, Brian Cairns, Christopher D. Cappa, D. Chand, S. China, Jennifer M. Comstock, Manvendra K. Dubey, Robert C. Easter, M. H. Erickson, Jerome Fast, Cody Floerchinger, B. Flowers, Edward C. Fortner, Jeffrey S. Gaffney, Mary K. Gilles, Kyle Gorkowski, William Gustafson, Madhu Gyawali, J. Hair, R. M. Hardesty, Joseph Harworth, Scott C. Herndon, Naruki Hiranuma, Chris Hostetler, John M. Hubbe, John T. Jayne, H. Jeong, B. Tom Jobson, Evgueni Kassianov, Lawrence I. Kleinman, C. Kluzek, W. Berk Knighton, Katheryn R. Kolesar, Chongai Kuang, Alena Kubátová, Andrew O. Langford, Alexander Laskin, N. Laulainen, Richard D. Marchbanks, Claudio Mazzoleni, Fan Mei, Ryan C. Moffet, Dan Nelson, Michael Obland, Hilke Oetjen, Timothy B. Onasch, I. Ortega, Matteo Ottaviani, Mikhail Pekour, Kimberly A. Prather, James Gregory Radney, Raymond R. Rogers, Scott P. Sandberg, Arthur J. Sedlacek, Christoph J. Senff, Gunnar I. Senum, Ari Setyan, John E. Shilling, Manishkumar Shrivastava, C. Song, Stephen R. Springston, R. Subramanian, Kaitlyn Suski, Jason Tomlinson, Rainer M. Volkamer, H. W. Wallace, Jian Wang, A. M. Weickmann, Douglas R. Worsnop, Xiao-Ying Yu, Alla Zelenyuk, Qi Zhang

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Substantial uncertainties still exist in the scientific understanding of the possible interactions between urban and natural (biogenic) emissions in the production and transformation of atmospheric aerosol and the resulting impact on climate change. The US Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program’s Carbonaceous Aerosol and Radiative Effects Study (CARES) carried out in June 2010 in Central Valley, California, was a comprehensive effort designed to improve this understanding. The primary objective of the field study was to investigate the evolution of secondary organic and black carbon aerosols and their climate-related properties in the Sacramento urban plume as it was …

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Advanced Nanohybrid Materials: Surface Modification And Applications, Li-Hung Liu, Rémi Métivier, Shanfeng Wang, Hui Wang Jan 2012

Advanced Nanohybrid Materials: Surface Modification And Applications, Li-Hung Liu, Rémi Métivier, Shanfeng Wang, Hui Wang

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The field of functional nanoscale hybrid materials is one of the most promising and rapidly emerging research areas in materials chemistry. Nanoscale hybrid materials can be broadly defined as synthetic materials with organic and inorganic components that are linked together by noncovalent bonds (Class I, linked by hydrogen bond, electrostatic force, or van der Waals force) or covalent bonds (Class II) at nanometer scale. The unlimited possible combinations of the distinct properties of inorganic, organic, or even bioactive components in a single material, either in molecular or nanoscale dimensions, have attracted considerable attention. This approach provides an opportunity to create …

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Mixed Finite Element Approximation Of The Vector Laplacian With Dirichlet Boundary Conditions, Douglas N. Arnold, Richard S. Falk, Jay Gopalakrishnan Jan 2012

Mixed Finite Element Approximation Of The Vector Laplacian With Dirichlet Boundary Conditions, Douglas N. Arnold, Richard S. Falk, Jay Gopalakrishnan

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We consider the finite element solution of the vector Laplace equation on a domain in two dimensions. For various choices of boundary conditions, it is known that a mixed finite element method, in which the rotation of the solution is introduced as a second unknown, is advantageous, and appropriate choices of mixed finite element spaces lead to a stable, optimally convergent discretization. However, the theory that leads to these conclusions does not apply to the case of Dirichlet boundary conditions, in which both components of the solution vanish on the boundary. We show, by computational example, that indeed such mixed …

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Benchmark Results For Testing Adaptive Finite Element Eigenvalue Procedures Ii (Cluster Robust Eigenvector And Eigenvalue Estimates), Stefano Giani, Luka Grubisic, Jeffrey S. Ovall Jan 2012

Benchmark Results For Testing Adaptive Finite Element Eigenvalue Procedures Ii (Cluster Robust Eigenvector And Eigenvalue Estimates), Stefano Giani, Luka Grubisic, Jeffrey S. Ovall

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

As a model benchmark problem for this study we consider a highly singular transmission type eigenvalue problem which we study in detail both analytically as well as numerically. In order to justify our claim of cluster robust and highly accurate approximation of a selected groups of eigenvalues and associated eigenfunctions, we give a new analysis of a class of direct residual eigenspace/vector approximation estimates. Unlike in the first part of the paper, we now use conforming higher order finite elements, since the canonical choice of an appropriate norm to measure eigenvector approximation by discontinuous Galerkin methods is an open problem.

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Stochastic Comparisons Of Order Statistics And Spacings: A Review, Subhash C. Kochar Jan 2012

Stochastic Comparisons Of Order Statistics And Spacings: A Review, Subhash C. Kochar

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We review some of the recent developments in the area of stochastic comparisons of order statistics and sample spacings. We consider the cases when the parent observations are identically as well as nonidentically distributed. But most of the time we will be assuming that the observations are independent. The case of independent exponentials with unequal scale parameters as well as the proportional hazard rate model is discussed in detail.

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Partial Expansion Of A Lipschitz Domain And Some Applications, Weifeng Qiu, Jay Gopalakrishnan Jan 2012

Partial Expansion Of A Lipschitz Domain And Some Applications, Weifeng Qiu, Jay Gopalakrishnan

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We show that a Lipschitz domain can be expanded solely near a part of its boundary, assuming that the part is enclosed by a piecewise C1 curve. The expanded domain as well as the extended part are both Lipschitz. We apply this result to prove a regular decomposition of standard vector Sobolev spaces with vanishing traces only on part of the boundary. Another application in the construction of low-regularity projectors into finite element spaces with partial boundary conditions is also indicated

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Supporting Implementation Of The Common Core State Standards For Mathematics: Recommendations For Professional Development, Paola Sztajn, Karen A. Marrongelle, Peg Smith, Bonnie L. Melton Jan 2012

Supporting Implementation Of The Common Core State Standards For Mathematics: Recommendations For Professional Development, Paola Sztajn, Karen A. Marrongelle, Peg Smith, Bonnie L. Melton

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

In 2010, the National Governor’s Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers published the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) and to date, 44 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands have adopted the document. These content and practice standards, which specify what students are expected to understand and be able to do in K-12 mathematics, represent a significant departure from what mathematics is currently taught in most classrooms and how it is taught. Developing teachers’ capacity to enact these new standards in ways that support the intended student learning outcomes will require considerable …

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