Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

From Portland To The Pacific: An Environmental Studies Tour Via The Wilson River Highway, John O. Dart

Occasional Papers in Geography

Occasional Papers in Geography Publication No. 2

This field guide is the outgrowth of several years experience conducting field courses in conservation and environment and the recognition that little has been prepared for this area through which thousands of Oregonians travel each year, particularly during the summer season.

Hot Electron Injection Into Dense Argon, Nitrogen, And Hydrogen, Pavel Smejtek, M. Silver, K. S. Dy, David G. Onn

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Hot electrons have been injected into very dense argon, nitrogen, and hydrogen gases and liquids. The current‐voltage characteristics are experimentally determined for densities (N) of argon, nitrogen, and hydrogen ranging from about 10²⁰ to 10²² cm⁻³ and applied fields (E) ranging from about 10 to 10⁴ V cm⁻¹. The argon data show a square root E∕N dependence of the current. The nitrogen and hydrogen data show a complicated dependence of the current on E∕N due to the rapid thermalization in the region of the image potential of the injected electrons through inelastic collision processes not present in argon. A hydrodynamic‐two‐fluid …

The Bedrock Geology Of The Southwest Part Of The Kachess Lake Quadrangle, Washington, David Carl Lofgren

Dissertations and Theses

The southwestern part of the Kachess Lake quadrangle lies between Lakes Cle Elum and Kachess, on the east flank of the central Cascade Range of Washington. The region lies between the North and South Cascade petrologic provinces, and includes rocks typical of each. Pre-Tertiary Easton Schist (called the Shuksan Suite farther north), and the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene Swauk Formation occur widely in the North Cascades, while the Tertiary Silver Pass Volcanics and Teanaway Basalt are typical of South Cascade volcanic sequences. Diabasic dikes of the Teanaway dike swarm occur throughout the vicinity.

The area is bounded on the west by a …

Granulometric Analysis Of Recent Sediments Of Tillamook Bay, Oregon, Gennaro William Avolio

Dissertations and Theses

The author has sampled the recent bottom sediments in Tillamook Bay, Oregon. Sediment distribution is assessed in relation to sediment source areas and related to sedimentary environments. Particular attention was directed to the precision with which granulometric data can be stated. It was found that variance is quite high for granulometric parameters of the bay sediments.

Sediment distribution using different measures are displayed on charts of the bay. Size distributions of sediments at any given location are examined for geologic significance. Plotting of size distribution on graph paper using probability ordinate is shown to increase the ease of geologic interpretation. …

Digital Computer Solution Of Electromagnetic Transients In Large Power Systems, Bijan Navidbakhsh

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis is an introduction to the solution of electromagnetic transients by a combination of the Bergeran method of characteristics and the application of trapezoidal rule of integration.

Three test examples solved by digital computer illustrate the step by step solution and computer programming.

To compare this method with the Laplace transformation technique, a test problem solved by both methods and also digital computer is illustrated. In conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are compared.

A Tectonic Study Of A Part Of The Northern Eagle Cap Wilderness Area, Northeastern Oregon, Kenneth Gordon Neal

Dissertations and Theses

Upper Triassic metavolcanic and metasedimentary strata in the study area are intruded by the Hurricane Divide and Craig Mountain Plutons of the Late Jurassic-Cretaceous Wallowa Batholith. The Clover Creek Greenstone is overlain by the Martin Bridge Limestone, which is in tum overlain by the Hurwal Argillite; although the sequence is in normal stratigraphic order, contacts are generally tectonic. Concurrent with Early-Middle Jurassic regional deformation, during intermediate to mafic dikes, emplacement of the plutons of the Wallowa Batholith began. The plutons intruded vertically through the greenstone and limestone and then horizontally above the greenstone. This resulted in intense penetrative plastic deformation …

Spatial Variations In The Intra-Urban Response To A Noise Source, Wilbur David Conder

Dissertations and Theses

Most research on the urban sonic environment has been recent. One finding has been that physical noise exposure indices calibrate poorly with human noise response. The vagaries of human response to noise have given impetus to research to isolate the factors that differentiate human response to noise. The present thesis continues this research.

The thesis specifies human noise response to occur on three levels: awareness, annoyance, and complaint. The factors that structure each level of noise response are identified in the published Iiterature.

Noise awareness is a function of noise exposure. Noise annoyance is a function of noise exposure to …

The Characteristics And Genesis Of Stone Stripes In North Central Oregon, John Baine Pyrch

Dissertations and Theses

Stone stripes are linear accumulations of rock debris separated by finer material and oriented down the steepest available slope. In north central Oregon, the stone stripes are composed of basalt fragments and occur where the soil mantle averages less than 1 m in depth. They are best developed in areas of higher elevation, usually from about 900 to 1100 m, and are most prominent on convex to straight slopes of 15 to 30 degrees. The stripes vary from a few meters to over 150 in length, and their widths range from 0.3 to over 3 m. The depth of the …

Synthesis Of Uranium Fluorosulfates And The Group Vi B Difluorophosphates, Larry Mccain Emme

Dissertations and Theses

Some reactions leading to several anhydrous Uranium fluorosulfates through the use of fluorosulfonic acid or peroxydisulfuryl di-fluoride have been studied. It was found that HS0F can oxidize uranium 3metal to the +4 state or the +2 state depending on the reaction conditions. The synthesis of the tan solid; U(S0₃F)₄ and the pale green solid thought to be U(S0₃F)₂ were prepared in this manner. It was found that S₂0₆F₂ can also oxidize uranium to yield the green solid U(S0₃F)₃. S₂0₆F₂ was …

Decay Of Multiple Spin Echoes In Dipolar Solids, C. H. Wang, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper we derive a general expression describing the evolution of the transverse nuclear-spin magnetization for the Ostroff-Waugh multiple-spin-echo experiment in dipolar solids. Our approach consists of expressing the formula for the magnetization at even echoes in a form resembling an ordinary time-correlation function, and then evaluating this quantity by means of Zwanzig's projection-operator technique. For long times, we show that under certain conditions the echo envelope decays exponentially, in agreement with experiment. A general expression is obtained for the time constant T^* associated with the decay. This result may be used to generate an expansion of 1T …

Existence Of The Dielectric Constant In Rigid-Dipole Fluids: The Direct Correlation Function, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The question of whether the dielectric constant ε exists (is well defined) for a finite fluid system of rigid dipolar molecules is reconsidered and reformulated. It is found that this question can most simply be expressed in terms of the behavior of the position‐ and orientation‐dependent direct correlation function c(r₁,ω₁; r₂, ω₂). It is shown that ε exists if c satisfies the following two conditions: (a) c~–φ/kT for |r₁–r₂|>σ, where φ is the dipole‐dipole potential and σ is a length which is large microscopically but small macroscopically. …

New Method For Generating Density Expansions, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The calculus of finite differences is used to develop a new method for expressing the thermodynamic limit of a reasonably arbitrary statistical?mechanical average as a power series in the number density ?. The method is simple, straightforward, and purely analytic: it involves no intermediate expansion in powers of the activity and it avoids the use of graph theory. Moreover, the method is developed independently of the prescription for computing the statistical average, a fact which lends to the results an especially wide range of applicability. In particular, these results may be used in classical or quantum statistical mechanics, for intermolecular …

Measurements Of The Mössbauer Fraction In Chromium, B. Frederick Brace Jr.

Dissertations and Theses

Precision measurements of the Mossbauer fraction of Fe57 in chromium were made using the black absorber technique over a range of temperatures from 78K to 792K. Because of uncertainty in corrections at high temperatures, only the data collected from 78K to 600K was used in analyzing the results.

The f values were analyzed in terms of a Debye approximmation. This analysis of the data yielded a theoretical fit which was based on two adjustable parameters (a Debye temperature of 438K and an anharmonicity parameter of 2 x 10^-4K^-1).

The f measurements were also analyzed using a …

Moment-Curvature-Thrust Relationships In Hybrid Members, Douglas Wrenn Fiala

Dissertations and Theses

In order to overcome the difficulties encountered in closed form solutions, moment-curvature-thrust relationships are developed for hybrid and nonhybrid cross sections utilizing an open form method. The use of horizontal sectors permits the inclusion of residual stresses and/or nonbilinear stress-strain relationships, if desired. Theoretical and experimental data are compared. Applications to circular tubes and other cross sections are discussed. Results indicate that open form solutions are feasible for calculating moment-curvature-thrust data. Hybrid cross sections are easily treated by open form solutions.

New Thin-Film Tunnel Triode Using Amorphous Semiconductors, Pavel Smejtek, R. F. Shaw, H. Fritzsche, M. Silver, S. Holmberg, S. R. Ovshinsky

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A new thin‐film tunnel triode is discussed which uses a p‐type amorphous film to achieve amplification of injected current from a tunnel cathode. It is not only the basis for a new semiconductor device but also suggests a novel method for measuring electrical properties of semiconductors.

Studies Of Bistable Fluid Devices For Particle Flow Control, Gerald H. Hogland

Dissertations and Theses

This study was directed toward the development of a bistable wall attachment Flip-Flop device which was capable of directionally controlling particle flow. The particles were transported by a fluid stream which under the influence of wall attachment. The dominant criteria in the development of the device was the achievement of the highest recovery of particles at the active output, without destroying the wall attachment of the fluid stream The experiment was conducted in several distinct stages; each of which was concerned with at least one aspect of wa1l attachment or particle flow. Results derived from one test were used to …

Catechol Effected Dissolution Of Silicate Minerals, James Maurice Kelley

Dissertations and Theses

The chemical properties of guanidinium tris(catecholato)siliconate, [(H₂N)₂C=NH₂]₂[Si(C₆H₄O₂)₃]·XH₂O (0 < X < 1), precipitated from an ammoniacal solution of silica and catechol by adding guanidinium hydrochloride, (H₂N)₂C=NH·HC1, were studied, and infrared, nmr, x-ray powder diffraction, and analytical data were gathered.

This same compound was, upon addition of' (H₂N)₂C=NH·HC1, isolated from 0.25, M aqueous catechol solutions buffered at pH 10 and containing the silicate minerals albite, andradite, muscovite, pyrophyllite, talc, and wollastonite, and also from unbuffered catechol solutions containing wollastonite and andradite.

It is concluded from this work that the formation of an anionic catechol-silicon complex, Si(C₆H₄O₂)₃²⁻, is largely responsible for the dissolution of the minerals mentioned above. From this conclusion, it is proposed that naturally occurring members of the class of organic compounds to which catechol belongs, the aromatic v̲i̲̲c̲-diols, may play …

A Review Of "Longitudinal Study" In Developmental Psychology, Emily H. Finley

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this library research thesis is to review the "longitudinal study" in terms of problems and present use. A preliminary search of the literature on longitudinal method revealed problems centering around two areas: (1) definition of "longitudinal study" and (2) practical problems of method itself. The purpose of this thesis then is to explore through a search of books and journals the following questions:

1. How can “longitudinal study” be defined?

2. What problems are inherent in the study of the same individuals over time and how can these problems be solved?

A third question which emerges from …

On The Mechanism Of The Diels-Alder Reaction--Dimerization Of Trans-Phenylbutadiene, Michael Ward Mcnicholas

Dissertations and Theses

The Diels-Alder dimerization of trans-1-substituted butadienes is expected to yield a cyclohexene adduct with the substituents in the 3 and 4 positions cis to one another. This prediction is based on past observations of other Diels-Alder additions. The cis-isomer is the only one consistent with a two-stage mechanism proposed by Woodward and Katz.

In the case of trans-phenylbutadiene, the expected adduct is cis-3-phenyl 1-4-(trans-styry1) cyclohexene. Alder, Haydn and Vogt, however, reported that the corresponding trans-isomer is the dimerization product. There is reason to believe that the observation of the trans-isomer may have been the result of product isomerization during purification. …

Kinetics Of The Cope Rearrangement Of 3,4-Diphenylhexa-1,5-Diene, Harlan Albert Jerome Berg

Dissertations and Theses

Kinetics investigations of the thermal Cope rearrangement of meso-and d1-3,4-diphenylhexa-1,5-dienes were undertaken in order to gain information about the transition states for these reactions by determining the appropriate enthalpies and entropies of activation. Of particular interest were the activation parameters for the meso compounds' rearrangement as it represents the only known example in which both four-and six-centered transition states are of comparable energy.

Kinetics of the dl isomers' rearrangement in the temperature range 90-110⁰were determined using 5 X 10¯⁵M solutions of the olefin in heptane contained within sealed Pyrex ampules. Extents of reaction were determined from UV absorbance measurements at …

The Geology Of The Southeast Quarter Of The Bone Mountain Quadrangle, Oregon, Richard Cortland Kent

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis is a study of the geology of the southeast quarter of the Bone Mountain Quadrangle. The bedrock geology mapped includes about 56 square miles.The Klamath Mountain and Coast Range Provinces of southwestern Oregon are represented in the area. Rocks in the area include the Rogue, Dothan Riddle, Days Creek, upper member of the Umpqua and Tyee Formations. The ages of these rocks range from Late Jurassic to middle Eocene. Late Jurassic ultramafic and mafic intrusive rocks associated with the Rogue Formation occur in the Klamath Province. The metavolcanics of the Rogue Format ion and an associated linear belt …

Reaction Of Aqueous Catechol Solutions With Minerals, Boonthong Poocharoen

Dissertations and Theses

The effectiveness of catechol, an aromatic vic-diol, in dissolving silicate minerals was studied. A synthetic amorphous magnesium trisilicate, Mg₂Si₃O₈∙5H₂O, as well as the minerals olivine, sepiolite, diopside, augite, and enstatite were used to react with catechol in slightly acidic, basic, and neutral solutions. It was found, depending on the solvent used, that 33-52, 8-17, 14-30, 5-11, 3-6, and 0.5-1 % of the minerals dissolved, respectively.

The reaction with Mg₂Si₃0₈·5H₂0 resulted in the formation of crystals of magnesium tris (catecholato) siliconate nonahydrate Mg[Si(Cat)₃]∙9H₂0. Dehydration of the crystals at room temperature resulted in the loss of 6 moles of water to form …

Adsorption Of Sulfur Dioxide On Douglas Fir Woodchips, Uen-Ping David Wang

Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, people have raised their alertness to the hazard of air pollution. Sulfur dioxide is one of the most dangerous chemical compounds among those air pollutants. A study on removing sulfur dioxide from an air stream by adsorption using wood chips as the adsorbent is presented in this thesis.

The reason for using wood as an adsorbent is that wood is a porous material and possesses a large surface of cell cavities which can hold a great amount of moisture. As sulfur dioxide gas is passed through the wood bed, it would be either condensed in the cell …

Comment On Electron Scattering In The Image Potential Well, Pavel Smejtek, M. Silver

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Comments are made on the model of electron injection into SiO₂ proposed by Berglund and Powell. Their assumptions on electron scattering, disregarding the change of the escape cone with the distance from the emitter, lead to serious underestimation of the injected current. Two alternative models of electron injection, based solely on elastic scattering are discussed and do not predict the experimental results. We suggest that observed field dependence of the injected current into SiO₂ indicates that energy relaxation associated with the injected electrons is responsible for the voltage dependence of the current.

Evidence For The Existence Of Two Stable Sites For Cobalt Impurity Atoms In Aluminum, Arun Venkatachar

Dissertations and Theses

Using Fe⁵⁷Mössbauer spectroscopy, two alternative sites occupied by cobalt (10^-4 at. % ) impurity atoms in aluminum have been isolated. The substitutional site A is the stable position after annealing the sample above 840 K, followed by a rapid quench. The impurity atoms in site A are characterized by a single line Mössbauer spectrum (indicative of a cubic environment), a room-temperature f = 0.502 (r. m. s. displ. 0.071 A) and an I. S. (reI. to Fe) = -0.421 mm/sec. For anneals below 770 K the cobalt atoms migrate to site B, which is characterized by a …

On The Molecular Theory Of Dielectric Polarization In Rigid‐Dipole Fluids, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A molecular theory is developed for the polarization P(r) produced by a weak position‐dependent external electric field E₀(r) in a finite fluid system, of arbitrary shape, composed of rigid polar molecules. The theory differs from earlier work in that no assumption is made concerning the form of the electrostatic constitutive relation. [The usual assumption in this regard is that P(r) = (ε–1) E(r) / 4π, where E(r) is the total Maxwell electric field. The “dielectric constant” ε is well defined only if the relation between P(r) and E(r) …

Crystal Structure Determination Of Β-Lactoglobulin From Electron Micrographs, Richard Roeter

Dissertations and Theses

Often electron micrographs exhibit a repeating structure. Sometimes this repeating structure satisfies the definition of a crystal in that it has a three dimensional repeating structure. If the unit cell structure of this repeating structure can be determined it can be used to help categorize different sections of a particular sample. In some cases, the use of optical diffraction analysis of electron micrographs with repeating structure is a method of determining the unit cell structure.

Samples of β-Lactoglobulin were prepared for viewing in the electron microscope using both the crystalline material and carbon replicas of the crystal surface. Because the …

Dielectric Polarization And Alignment And The Structure Of Polar Fluids, John D. Ramshaw, D. W. Schaefer, John S. Waugh, J. M. Deutsch

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

An analysis is made of the information about the structure of dense polar fluids which resides in the dielectric constant, the Kerr constant, and the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quadratic electric field effect. The inadequacy of the "local-field" model for liquids is discussed. The existence of a nonzero molecular hyperpolarizability is shown to destroy an equivalence which would otherwise exist between the Kerr and NMR experiments, and can easily account for apparent discrepancies between the reported Kerr and NMR data for nitrobenzene and nitromethane. A method is presented for removing dielectric boundary effects from statistical averages, so that the averages …

Geophysical And Geological Analysis Of A Fault-Like Linearity In The Lower Clackamas River Area, Clackamas County, Oregon, Ronald Jay Schmela

Dissertations and Theses

A fault-like linearity along the lower Clackamas River is evaluated by analysis of physiographic and structural alignments, geological relationships, and by gravity and magnetic data. The study has resulted in the verification of a structural feature extending along the Clackamas River and the eastern front of the Portland Hills. Physiographic alignments were examined in twelve 15 minute and two 7-1/2 minute quadrangle maps. A significant northeasterly morphologic trend, N. 20⁰ W. and N. 40° W., and other secondary trends, namely, the N-S, E-W, and N. 50-60° E., has developed in the Portland area. The consistent northwest trend is observed throughout …

MöSsbauer Studies Of Stable Interstitial And Substitutional Sites Of Cobalt In Gold, Charles Freeland Steen

Dissertations and Theses

Precision measurements of the Debye-Waller factor of Fe⁵⁷ in Au using the wide black absorber technique have been made in the temperature range from room temperature to 830 K. The major source of error arises from Au L_y x-rays which are unresolved by the radiation detection system from the 14.4 KeV gamma ray. The K absorption edge of Br has been used to correct for the presence of x-rays.

These measurements have revealed the existence of two nonequivalent lattice sites which the Co⁵⁷ impurity (parent of Fe⁵⁷) may occupy. One of the sites has been …