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Articles 11221 - 11250 of 12002
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Grazing Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield, Jimmy C. Henning
Grazing Alfalfa, Garry D. Lacefield, Jimmy C. Henning
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Alfalfa is a high yielding, high quality, deep-rooted, versatile forage legume well adapted throughout the U.S. Gains per animal and per acre can be excellent with acceptable stand persistence when present technology is used. Is grazing alfalfa right for everyone? No. Is grazing alfalfa right for you? Only you can answer that question. This presentation attempts to give you information that will hopefully help you with that answer.
What I Have Learned From 4 Years Of Alfalfa Grazing Tolerance Variety Trials, Jimmy C. Henning, Robert Spitaleri, Garry D. Lacefield, Charles T. Dougherty
What I Have Learned From 4 Years Of Alfalfa Grazing Tolerance Variety Trials, Jimmy C. Henning, Robert Spitaleri, Garry D. Lacefield, Charles T. Dougherty
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
There has been interest in alfalfa varieties that would tolerate grazing for some time. The spreading type alfalfas (such as Rambler, Spredor 2, Travois) have long been generally promoted as being tolerant of grazing. Over the years, most selection for tolerance to grazing was done using frequent clipping to simulate grazing.
Studies conducted at the University of Georgia in the 1980's found that alfalfa varieties performed differently when grazed frequently compared to clipping frequently. This line of research eventually led to the release of 'AlfaGraze' alfalfa which was the first variety ever to be selected primarily by overgrazing by livestock. …
Practical And Economical Ways To Increase Alfalfa Hay Drying Rates, Michael Collins
Practical And Economical Ways To Increase Alfalfa Hay Drying Rates, Michael Collins
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Hay stores well for long periods and is better suited to cash sale and transportation than silage and remains the most popular method for harvesting the alfalfa crop. Rapid drying reduces field losses by reducing respiration and by reducing the incidence of rain damage during curing. Because of these factors, harvest losses are greatest for very dry forage and are low for very wet material like direct cut silage. However, the latter is subject to excessive storage losses due to seepage and to quality deterioration. Storage losses are generally minimized by harvesting at low moisture levels.
Alfalfa Following Alfalfa: What Works And What Doesn't Work?, Monroe Rasnake
Alfalfa Following Alfalfa: What Works And What Doesn't Work?, Monroe Rasnake
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Farmers often would like to go directly back into alfalfa when an old stand plays out. However, research has shown that it is often difficult to get new stands established when this is done. Some of the problems may be attributed to weeds, insects and diseases that build up over time and become difficult to control. Another reason is that alfalfa plants have been shown to produce chemical compounds that can inhibit germination and growth of new seedlings. This effect is called allelopathy or autotoxicity.
Secrets To Getting A Good Stand Of Alfalfa, Jimmy C. Henning, Garry D. Lacefield
Secrets To Getting A Good Stand Of Alfalfa, Jimmy C. Henning, Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Getting a good stand of alfalfa quickly is very important to Kentucky because it is the highest yielding, highest quality forage crop. In addition, it can be used in many different ways. Cool wet springs and hot dry falls have caused alfalfa seedings to fail in recent years. It would be easy to begin to believe that there was some 'magic' step or ingredient that has been missing. There are no magic steps to getting a good stand. Attention to a few major details can help maximize your chances of success.
What Grasses Work Best With Alfalfa?, Timothy D. Phillips
What Grasses Work Best With Alfalfa?, Timothy D. Phillips
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
Alfalfa is the "queen" of forages, but many situations exist where it is desirable or necessary to grow alfalfa in a mixture with a forage grass rather in monoculture. Some of the reasons to grow grass with alfalfa are: improved yield (in terms of tons of dry matter produced), better seasonal yield distribution, better weed control, potential pest reduction, erosion prevention, bloat risk reduction, and accelerated hay-drying rates. Conversely, there are some factors that favor alfalfa monoculture. These include: lower forage quality, especially in terms of protein content; more difficult management requirements (herbicide use, fertilization, and harvest timing); and, lower …
Foreword [1999], Garry D. Lacefield
Foreword [1999], Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference
This is the front matter of the proceedings.
He I 2.06 Micron Emission From Nebulae, Gary J. Ferland
He I 2.06 Micron Emission From Nebulae, Gary J. Ferland
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
The spectrum emitted by any astronomical plasma is sensitive to a variety of details, some of which may not be obviously important. This paper describes the sensitivity of the He I 2.06 μm line to the gas opacity at ionizing energies. The intensity of the line relative to a hydrogen line depends on the He+/H+ ratio, but also on the ratio of continuous to He I Lyα line opacity, since this determines whether the Lyα line can scatter often enough to be converted to the 2.06 μm line. The intensity of the infrared line relative to Hβ …
Oh 1720 Megahertz Masers In Supernova Remnants: C-Shock Indicators, Phil Lockett, Eric Gauthier, Moshe Elitzur
Oh 1720 Megahertz Masers In Supernova Remnants: C-Shock Indicators, Phil Lockett, Eric Gauthier, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Recent observations show that the OH 1720 MHz maser is a powerful probe of the shocked region where a supernova remnant strikes a molecular cloud. We perform a thorough study of the pumping of this maser and find tight constraints on the physical conditions needed for its production. The presence of the maser implies moderate temperatures (50-125 K) and densities (~105 cm-3) and OH column densities of order 1016 cm-2. We show that these conditions can exist only if the shocks are of C-type. J-shocks fail by such a wide margin that the presence …
Numerical Simulations Of Fe Ii Emission Spectra, E. M. Verner, D. A. Verner, K. T. Korista, Jason W. Ferguson, F. Hamann, Gary J. Ferland
Numerical Simulations Of Fe Ii Emission Spectra, E. M. Verner, D. A. Verner, K. T. Korista, Jason W. Ferguson, F. Hamann, Gary J. Ferland
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
This paper describes the techniques that we have used to incorporate a large-scale model of the Fe+ ion and resulting Fe IIemission into CLOUDY, a spectral synthesis code designed to simulate conditions within a plasma and model the resulting spectrum. We describe the numerical methods we use to determine the level populations, mutual line overlap fluorescence, collisional effects, and the heating-cooling effects of the atom on its environment. As currently implemented, the atom includes the lowest 371 levels (up to 11.6 eV) and predicts intensities of 68,635 lines. We describe our data sources, which include the most recent transition …
Lime Rate Adjustments Based On Rnv And Depth, William O. Thom
Lime Rate Adjustments Based On Rnv And Depth, William O. Thom
Soil Science News and Views
Agricultural limestone quality is measured by its neutralizing value and fineness of grind. Neutralizing value is determined by calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE). The higher the CCE, the greater the limestone’s ability to neutralize soil acidity. Reaction rate in the soil is affected by fineness of grind, with finer materials reacting faster with a soil to increase pH. Methods have been developed to calculate efficiency factors that involve using both CCE and material fineness. Regardless of the aglime material used, when the same amount of effective neutralizing material is applied and mixed thoroughly with the soil, the pH change in the …
Subsoiling Of No-Tilled Corn, Lloyd W. Murdock
Subsoiling Of No-Tilled Corn, Lloyd W. Murdock
Soil Science News and Views
No-tillage corn production has become very popular in Kentucky because of the advantages it offers producers. Currently, over half of the corn in Kentucky is planted by this method and even a higher percentage is no-till planted on erodible lands. Because of this, many fields have received little tillage in the last 10 to 20 years. Many producers wonder if soil compaction increases with time on these long-term no-tilled fields due to annual trafficking by heavy equipment. Subsoiling implements have become available that allow subsurface tillage while preserving the surface mulch layer. This practice allows for continued no-till planting while …
No Tillage Use For Crop Production In Kentucky Counties In 1998, Gerald R. Haszler
No Tillage Use For Crop Production In Kentucky Counties In 1998, Gerald R. Haszler
Soil Science News and Views
For the past several years, we have reported the status of no~tillage adoption in Kentucky counties. Now, CTICt has published the results for 1998. In 1994, 44% of all crops were produced under no tillage in Kentucky, whereas in 1996, that figure had reached 51 % . In 1997, it dropped to 48% and remains at 48% for 1998. Results for the leading no-till states for 1994, 1996, 1997 and 1998 are shown in Table 1. The percentage of major grain crops (com, soybeans and small grains) grown under no tillage in Kentucky are shown by county in Figure 1. …
Ground-Water Quality In Kentucky: Nitrate-Nitrogen, Philip G. Conrad, Daniel I. Carey, James S. Webb, James S. Dinger, Matthew J. Mccourt
Ground-Water Quality In Kentucky: Nitrate-Nitrogen, Philip G. Conrad, Daniel I. Carey, James S. Webb, James S. Dinger, Matthew J. Mccourt
Information Circular--KGS
No abstract provided.
Cambrian And Deeper Tests Of Kentucky, 1999 Includes Proposed Tests (Permitted Locations), Brandon C. Nuttall
Cambrian And Deeper Tests Of Kentucky, 1999 Includes Proposed Tests (Permitted Locations), Brandon C. Nuttall
Map and Chart--KGS
No abstract provided.
Oil And Gas Map Of The Corbin 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Brandon C. Nuttall
Oil And Gas Map Of The Corbin 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Kentucky, Brandon C. Nuttall
Map and Chart--KGS
No abstract provided.
Available Resources Of The Fire Clay Coal In Part Of The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Stephen F. Greb, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, Robert E. Andrews, John K. Hiett, James C. Cobb, Richard E. Sergeant
Available Resources Of The Fire Clay Coal In Part Of The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Stephen F. Greb, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, Robert E. Andrews, John K. Hiett, James C. Cobb, Richard E. Sergeant
Report of Investigations--KGS
Available resources for the Fire Clay coal were calculated for a 15-quadrangle area in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field. Original coal resources were estimated to be 1.8 billion tons (BT). Coal mined or lost in mining was estimated at 449 million tons (MT), leaving 1.3 BT of remaining Fire Clay resources in the study area. Of the remaining resources, 400 MT is restricted from mining, primarily because the coal is less than 28 in. thick, normally considered too thin to mine underground using present technology. The total coal available for mining in the study area is 911 MT, or 52 …
Geology Of The Fire Clay Coal In Part Of The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Stephen F. Greb, John K. Hiett, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, Robert E. Andrews, Richard E. Sergeant
Geology Of The Fire Clay Coal In Part Of The Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, Stephen F. Greb, John K. Hiett, Gerald A. Weisenfluh, Robert E. Andrews, Richard E. Sergeant
Report of Investigations--KGS
Coal beds mined in Kentucky often are not laterally continuous in thickness, quality, or roof condition. Regional and local variation is common. Because thickness, quality, and roof conditions are the result of geologic processes that were active when the coal was deposited as a peat swamp, a better understanding of the relationships between geology and major coal resources can aid in identifying geologic trends, which can be extrapolated beyond areas of present mining. The focus of this study is on the Fire Clay (Hazard No. 4) coal, one of the leading producers in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field with 20 …
Compositional Variations In The Fire Clay Coal Bed Of Eastern Kentucky: Geochemistry, Petrography, Palynology, And Paleoecology, Cortland F. Eble, James C. Hower, William Morton Andrews Jr.
Compositional Variations In The Fire Clay Coal Bed Of Eastern Kentucky: Geochemistry, Petrography, Palynology, And Paleoecology, Cortland F. Eble, James C. Hower, William Morton Andrews Jr.
Report of Investigations--KGS
Bench samples of the Fire Clay coal bed, collected from 28 localities in a study area of eight 7.5-minute quadrangles in the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field, were analyzed geochemically, petrographically, and palynologically to determine any spatial or temporal trends among the studied parameters.
At most sample sites the Fire Clay is split by a flint-clay parting of probable volcanic origin. The upper bench of the Fire Clay coal generally is thick, laterally continuous, low in ash yield and sulfur content, has a moderate to high calorific value, and is high in total vitrinite content. In contrast, the lower bench generally …
Tectonic Implications Of Erosional And Depositional Features In Upper Meramecian And Lower Chesterian (Mississippian) Rocks Of South-Central And East-Central Kentucky, Garland R. Dever Jr.
Tectonic Implications Of Erosional And Depositional Features In Upper Meramecian And Lower Chesterian (Mississippian) Rocks Of South-Central And East-Central Kentucky, Garland R. Dever Jr.
Bulletin--KGS
Erosional and depositional features in upper Meramecian and lower Chesterian (Mississippian) carbonate rocks of south-central and east-central Kentucky suggest the influence of coeval structural activity. The study area, which extends from Pulaski County northeastward into Powell County, is underlain by (1) the Greenwood Anomaly, a large north-trending gravity anomaly, which probably represents part of a Precambrian rift system, and (2) the western part of the Rome Trough, an east-trending graben-like structure, which represents a Late Precambrian to Cambrian continental rift zone. The study focused on the St. Louis Limestone and lower Monteagle Limestone of south-central Kentucky and correlative carbonate rocks …
Ground-Water Quality In Kentucky: Fluoride, Philip G. Conrad, Daniel I. Carey, James S. Webb, James S. Dinger, R. Stephen Fisher, Matthew J. Mccourt
Ground-Water Quality In Kentucky: Fluoride, Philip G. Conrad, Daniel I. Carey, James S. Webb, James S. Dinger, R. Stephen Fisher, Matthew J. Mccourt
Information Circular--KGS
Fluoride (F-) is an ion of the element fluorine, and is a natural component in most water resources. According to Hem (1989), fluoride concentrations in fresh water are generally less than 1 mg/L (milligrams per liter), and the concentration of fluoride in the world's oceans is about 1.3 mg/L. The source of most fluoride in natural fresh-water resources is various rocks and minerals in bedrock and sediments.
Mass Flux Of Agricultural Nonpoint-Source Pollutants In A Conduit-Flow-Dominated Karst Aquifer, Logan County, Kentucky, James C. Currens
Mass Flux Of Agricultural Nonpoint-Source Pollutants In A Conduit-Flow-Dominated Karst Aquifer, Logan County, Kentucky, James C. Currens
Report of Investigations--KGS
Changes in water quality in a karst ground-water basin used intensively for agriculture are being measured before, during, and after the implementation of best management practices (BMP’s) and other management practices, to determine the success of such programs in protecting ground water. The study was divided into three phases. The results of the first two phases are included in this report and cover research conducted between August 1990 and October 1994. During phase I of the study the overall ground-water quality of the basin and its hydrogeology were investigated. Phase II began monitoring the water quality at Pleasant Grove Spring …
Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 1998, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute Annual Technical Report Fy 1998, Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University Of Kentucky
KWRRI Annual Technical Reports (USGS’s 104b Grant Program)
This document consolidates the reporting requirements of the base grant and regional competitive grant awards in a single technical report which includes: 1) a synopsis of each ongoing research project and of each research project completed during the period, 2) a list of reports published, 3) a brief description of information transfer activities, 4) a summary of student support during the reporting period, and 5) notable achievements and awards during the year.
Process For Enhancing The Activity Of Amyloid Β Peptides, Kenneth Hensley, D. Allan Butterfield, John M. Carney, Michael Aksenov
Process For Enhancing The Activity Of Amyloid Β Peptides, Kenneth Hensley, D. Allan Butterfield, John M. Carney, Michael Aksenov
Chemistry Faculty Patents
A novel process for enhancing activity of an oligopeptide or polypeptide comprising the steps of: providing an oligopeptide or polypeptide, dissolving the oligopeptide or polypeptide in an organic solvent, heating, removing the solvent, and recovering an oligopeptide or polypeptide with enhanced activity is disclosed. Also disclosed are novel oligopeptides and polypeptides enhanced by the process according the invention.
Comparison Of Water And Temperature Distribution Profiles Under Sand Tube Irrigation, Masoud Meshkat, Richard C. Warner, Stephen R. Workman
Comparison Of Water And Temperature Distribution Profiles Under Sand Tube Irrigation, Masoud Meshkat, Richard C. Warner, Stephen R. Workman
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Drip irrigation is one of the most efficient systems in delivering water to the plant root zone. Research has shown that the saturated, or nearly saturated, surface beneath the emitter may increase evaporation thereby reducing the irrigation efficiency. To increase the efficiency of surface applied drip irrigation on permanent tree crops a sand tube irrigation (STI) method was developed and tested. The sand tube method consists of removing a soil core beneath the emitter and filling the void with coarse sand. A weighing lysimeter was designed and instrumented to directly measure temporal evaporation during irrigation and for a period of …
Quasars As Cosmological Probes: The Ionizing Continuum, Gas Metallicity, And The WΛ-L Relation, Kirk Korista, Jack Baldwin, Gary J. Ferland
Quasars As Cosmological Probes: The Ionizing Continuum, Gas Metallicity, And The WΛ-L Relation, Kirk Korista, Jack Baldwin, Gary J. Ferland
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Using a realistic model for line emission from the broad emission line regions of quasars, we are able to reproduce the previously observed correlations of emission-line ratios with the shape of the spectral energy distribution (SED). In agreement with previous studies, we find that the primary driving force behind the Baldwin effect (Wλ ~ Lβ, β < 0) is a global change in the SED with quasar luminosity, in that more luminous quasars must have characteristically softer ionizing continua. This is completely consistent with observations that show (1) a correlation between Luv, αox, and αuvx (2) correlations of SED shape-sensitive line ratios with αox, αuvx, and Luv; and (3) correlations between line equivalent widths and αox, αuvx …
Temperature Fluctuations In Photoionized Nebulae. Ii. The Effect Of Inhomogeneous Abundances, J. B. Kingdon, Gary J. Ferland
Temperature Fluctuations In Photoionized Nebulae. Ii. The Effect Of Inhomogeneous Abundances, J. B. Kingdon, Gary J. Ferland
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Recent abundance determinations based on recombination lines in several emission-line nebulae yield ionic abundances several times larger than those derived from forbidden lines. These results cast uncertainty over all abundance determinations in such objects. One possible explanation for these discrepancies frequently cited in the literature is the presence of chemical inhomogeneities. We have run a series of photoionization models to examine what effect such inhomogeneities will have on the resulting temperature structure of nebulae. We then derive abundances from these models, utilizing Peimbert's t2 formalism. Our results suggest that, although chemical inhomogeneities may produce nonnegligible biases in abundance determinations …
Polarization Of Astronomical Maser Radiation. Iv. Circular Polarization Profiles, Moshe Elitzur
Polarization Of Astronomical Maser Radiation. Iv. Circular Polarization Profiles, Moshe Elitzur
Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications
Profile comparison of the Stokes parameters V and I is a powerful tool for maser data analysis, which provides the first direct methods for unambiguous determination of (1) the maser saturation stage, (2) the amplification optical depth and intrinsic Doppler width of unsaturated masers, and (3) the comparative magnitudes of Zeeman splitting and Doppler line width. Circular polarization recently detected in OH 1720 MHz emission from the Galactic center appears to provide the first direct evidence for maser saturation.
Response Of Runoff Diazinon Concentration To Formulation And Post-Application Irrigation, Joshua R. Evans, Dwayne R. Edwards, Stephen R. Workman, R. Michael Williams
Response Of Runoff Diazinon Concentration To Formulation And Post-Application Irrigation, Joshua R. Evans, Dwayne R. Edwards, Stephen R. Workman, R. Michael Williams
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Pesticides used in urban environments can be transported in runoff to downstream waters and cause adverse environmental consequences. This experiment assessed the effects of post-application irrigation depth (0, 6.4, and 12.7 mm) and formulation (liquid and granular) on concentration and transport of diazinon (a pesticide commonly used for lawn insect control) in runoff from “tall” fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plots. The post-application irrigation was applied using rainfall simulators immediately following diazinon application. The rainfall simulators were again used approximately 2 h after diazinon application to apply the equivalent of a heavy rainfall (64 mm/h for approximately 1.5 h) to generate …
Mapped Karst Ground-Water Basins In The Beaver Dam 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Joseph A. Ray, James C. Currens
Mapped Karst Ground-Water Basins In The Beaver Dam 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle, Joseph A. Ray, James C. Currens
Map and Chart--KGS
This map shows karst ground-water basins in the Beaver Dam quadrangle, determined primarily by ground-water tracer studies. It can be used to quickly identify the ground-water basins and springs to which a site may drain. Major springs and the relative size of their catchment areas can be evaluated for potential as water supplies. The map also serves as a geographic index to literature on karst ground water in the area.