Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Sdss-Iv Manga: Constraints On The Conditions For Star Formation In Galaxy Discs, David V. Stark, Kevin A. Bundy, Matthew E. Orr, Philip F. Hopkins, Kyle Westfall, Matthew Bershady, Cheng Li, Dmitry Bizyaev, Karen L. Masters, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Ivan Lacerna, Daniel Thomas, Niv Drory, Renbin Yan, Kai Zhang

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Regions of disc galaxies with widespread star formation tend to be both gravitationally unstable and self-shielded against ionizing radiation, whereas extended outer discs with little or no star formation tend to be stable and unshielded on average. We explore what drives the transition between these two regimes, specifically whether discs first meet the conditions for self-shielding (parametrized by dust optical depth, τ) or gravitational instability (parametrized by a modified version of Toomre's instability parameters, Q_thermal, which quantifies the stability of a gas disc that is thermally supported at T = 10⁴ K). We first introduce a new …

Coherent Diffractive Photoproduction Of Ρ0 Mesons On Gold Nuclei At 200 Gev/Nucleon-Pair At The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, L. Adamczyk, James K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, N. N. Ajitanand, I. Alekseev, D. M. Anderson, R. Aoyama, A. Aparin, D. Arkhipkin, E. C. Aschenauer, M. U. Ashraf, A. Attri, G. S. Averichev, X. Bai, V. Bairathi, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, A. Bhasin, A. K. Bhati, P. Bhattarai, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, L. C. Bland, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. Bouchet, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, D. Brown, Renee H. Fatemi, Suvarna Ramachandran

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The STAR Collaboration reports on the photoproduction of π⁺π⁻ pairs in gold-gold collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV/nucleon-pair. These pion pairs are produced when a nearly real photon emitted by one ion scatters from the other ion.

We fit the π⁺π⁻ invariant-mass spectrum with a combination of ρ⁰ and ω resonances and a direct π⁺π⁻ continuum. This is the first observation of the ω in ultraperipheral collisions, and the first measurement of ρ−ω interference at energies where photoproduction is dominated by Pomeron exchange. The ω amplitude is consistent …

A Brief Overview Of Intelligent Mobility Management For Future Wireless Mobile Networks, Ilsun You, Yuh-Shyan Chen, Sherali Zeadally, Fei Song

Information Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Universality Of Local Dissipation Scales In Turbulent Boundary Layer Flows With And Without Free-Stream Turbulence, Sabah F. H. Alhamdi, Sean C. C. Bailey

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Measurements of the small-scale dissipation statistics of turbulent boundary layer flows with and without free-stream turbulence are reported for Re_τ ≈ 1000 (Re_θ ≈ 2000). The scaling of the dissipation scale distribution is examined in these two boundary conditions. Results demonstrated that the local large-scale Reynolds number based on the measured longitudinal integral length scale fails to properly normalize the dissipation scale distribution near the wall in these two free-stream conditions due to the imperfect characterization of the upper bound of the inertial cascade by the integral length scale. A surrogate found from turbulent kinetic energy and …

Spin Mode Switching At The Edge Of A Quantum Hall System, Udit Khanna, Ganpathy Murthy, Sumathi Rao, Yuval Gefen

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Quantum Hall states can be characterized by their chiral edge modes. Upon softening the edge potential, the edge has long been known to undergo spontaneous reconstruction driven by charging effects. In this Letter we demonstrate a qualitatively distinct phenomenon driven by exchange effects, in which the ordering of the edge modes at ν = 3 switches abruptly as the edge potential is made softer, while the ordering in the bulk remains intact. We demonstrate that this phenomenon is robust, and has many verifiable experimental signatures in transport.

Organic Solvent Exposure And Depressive Symptoms Among Licensed Pesticide Applicators In The Agricultural Health Study, Miriam Siegel, Sarah E. Starks, Wayne T. Sanderson, Freya Kamel, Jane A. Hoppin, Fred Gerr

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Purpose

Although organic solvents are often used in agricultural operations, neurotoxic effects of solvent exposure have not been extensively studied among farmers. The current analysis examined associations between questionnaire-based metrics of organic solvent exposure and depressive symptoms among farmers.

Methods

Results from 692 male Agricultural Health Study participants were analyzed. Solvent type and exposure duration were assessed by questionnaire. An “ever-use” variable and years of use categories were constructed for exposure to gasoline, paint/lacquer thinner, petroleum distillates, and any solvent. Depressive symptoms were ascertained with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); scores were analyzed separately as continuous (0–60) …

Ordinal Convolutional Neural Networks For Predicting Rdoc Positive Valence Psychiatric Symptom Severity Scores, Anthony Rios, Ramakanth Kavuluru

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background—The CEGS N-GRID 2016 Shared Task in Clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP) provided a set of 1000 neuropsychiatric notes to participants as part of a competition to predict psychiatric symptom severity scores. This paper summarizes our methods, results, and experiences based on our participation in the second track of the shared task.

Objective—Classical methods of text classification usually fall into one of three problem types: binary, multi-class, and multi-label classification. In this effort, we study ordinal regression problems with text data where misclassifications are penalized differently based on how far apart the ground truth and model predictions are …

Predicting Mental Conditions Based On "History Of Present Illness" In Psychiatric Notes With Deep Neural Networks, Tung Tran, Ramakanth Kavuluru

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background—Applications of natural language processing to mental health notes are not common given the sensitive nature of the associated narratives. The CEGS N-GRID 2016 Shared Task in Clinical Natural Language Processing (NLP) changed this scenario by providing the first set of neuropsychiatric notes to participants. This study summarizes our efforts and results in proposing a novel data use case for this dataset as part of the third track in this shared task.

Objective—We explore the feasibility and effectiveness of predicting a set of common mental conditions a patient has based on the short textual description of patient’s history …

First Direct Constraints On Fierz Interference In Free-Neutron Β Decay, K. P. Hickerson, X. Sun, Y. Bagdasarova, D. Bravo-Berguño, L. J. Broussard, M. A. -P. Brown, R. Carr, S. Currie, X. Ding, B. W. Filippone, A. García, P. Geltenbort, J. Hoagland, A. T. Holley, R. Hong, T. M. Ito, A. Knecht, C. -Y. Liu, J. L. Liu, M. Makela, R. R. Mammei, J. W. Martin, D. Melconian, M. P. Mendenhall, S. D. Moore, C. L. Morris, R. W. Pattie Jr., A. Pérez Galván, R. Picker, M. L. Pitt, Bradley R. Plaster

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Precision measurements of free-neutron β decay have been used to precisely constrain our understanding of the weak interaction. However, the neutron Fierz interference term b_n, which is particularly sensitive to beyond-standard-model tensor currents at the TeV scale, has thus far eluded measurement. Here we report the first direct constraints on this term, finding b_n = 0.067 ± 0.005_{stat^+0.090-0.061sys}, consistent with the standard model. The uncertainty is dominated by absolute energy reconstruction and the linearity of the β spectrometer energy response.

Measurement Of The Vector And Tensor Asymmetries At Large Missing Momentum In Quasielastic (E→,E'P Electron Scattering From Deuterium, A. Degrush, A. Maschinot, T. Akdogan, R. Alarcon, W. Bertozzi, E. Booth, T. Botto, J. R. Calarco, B. Clasie, Christopher Crawford, K. Dow, M. Farkhondeh, Renee H. Fatemi, O. Filoti, W. Franklin, H. Gao, E. Geis, S. Gilad, D. K. Hasell, P. Karpius, M. Kohl, H. Kolster, T. Lee, J. Matthews, K. Mcilhany, N. Meitanis, R. Milner, J. Rapaport, R. Redwine, J. Seely

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We report the measurement of the beam-vector and tensor asymmetries A^V_ed and A^T_d in quasielastic (e^→,e′p) electrodisintegration of the deuteron at the MIT-Bates Linear Accelerator Center up to missing momentum of 500  MeV/c. Data were collected simultaneously over a momentum transfer range 0.1 < Q² < 0.5  (GeV/c)² with the Bates Large Acceptance Spectrometer Toroid using an internal deuterium gas target polarized sequentially in both vector and tensor states. The data are compared with calculations. The beam-vector asymmetry AVed is found to be directly sensitive to the D-wave …

Opportunities For Undergraduate Research In Nuclear Physics, S. F. Hicks, T. D. Nguyen, D. T. Jackson, S. G. Block, S. T. Byrd, M. T. Nickel, J. R. Vanhoy, Erin E. Peters, Anthony Paul Ramirez, Marcus T. Mcellistrem, Sharmistha Mukhopadhyay, Steven W. Yates

Chemistry Faculty Publications

University of Dallas (UD) physics majors are offered a variety of undergraduate research opportunities in nuclear physics through an established program at the University of Kentucky Accelerator Laboratory (UKAL). The 7-MV Model CN Van de Graaff accelerator and the neutron production and detection facilities located there are used by UD students to investigate how neutrons scatter from materials that are important in nuclear energy production and for our basic understanding of how neutrons interact with matter. Recent student projects include modeling of the laboratory using the neutron transport code MCNP to investigate the effectiveness of laboratory shielding, testing the long-term …

High-Statistics Β+/Ec-Decay Study Of 122Xe, B. Jigmeddorj, P. E. Garrett, C. A. Andreoiu, G. C. Ball, T. Bruhn, D. S. Cross, A. B. Garnsworthy, B. Hadinia, M. Moukaddam, J. Park, J. L. Pore, A. J. Radich, M. M. Rajabali, E. T. Rand, U. Rizwan, C. E. Svensson, P. Voss, Z. Wang, J. L. Wood, Steven W. Yates

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Low-lying excited states of ¹²²Xe have been studied via the β⁺/EC decay of ¹²²Cs with the 8π γ-ray spectrometer at the TRIUMF Isotope Separator and Accelerator facility. The data collected have enabled the observation of new in-band transitions in the excited 0⁺ state bands. In addition, the 2⁺ members of the second 0⁺ and third 0⁺ state bands have been firmly confirmed by angular correlation analysis.

Organelle-Specific Single-Molecule Imaging Of Α4Β2 Nicotinic Receptors Reveals The Effect Of Nicotine On Receptor Assembly And Cell-Surface Trafficking, Ashley M. Fox-Lee, Faruk H. Moonschi, Christopher I. Richards

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and traffic to the cell surface as pentamers composed of α and β subunits. Many nAChR subtypes can assemble with varying subunit ratios, giving rise to multiple stoichiometries exhibiting different subcellular localization and functional properties. In addition to the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine, nicotine also binds and activates nAChRs and influences their trafficking and expression on the cell surface. Currently, no available technique can specifically elucidate the stoichiometry of nAChRs in the ER versus those in the plasma membrane. Here, we report a method involving single-molecule fluorescence measurements to determine the …

Single Versus Concurrent Systems: Nominal Classification In Mian, Greville G. Corbett, Sebastian Fedden, Raphael Finkel

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The Papuan language Mian allows us to refine the typology of nominal classification. Mian has two candidate classification systems, differing completely in their formal realization but overlapping considerably in their semantics. To determine whether to analyse Mian as a single system or concurrent systems we adopt a canonical approach. Our criteria – orthogonality of the systems (we give a precise measure), semantic compositionality, morphosyntactic alignment, distribution across parts of speech, exponence, and interaction with other features – point mainly to an analysis as concurrent systems. We thus improve our analysis of Mian and make progress with the typology of nominal …

Unmanned Aerial Systems For Monitoring Trace Tropospheric Gases, Travis J. Schuyler, Marcelo I. Guzman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) has changed the composition of the atmosphere during the Anthropocene. Accurately documenting the sources and magnitude of GHGs emission is an important undertaking for discriminating the contributions of different processes to radiative forcing. Currently there is no mobile platform that is able to quantify trace gases at altitudes(UASs) can be deployed on-site in minutes and can support the payloads necessary to quantify trace gases. Therefore, current efforts combine the use of UASs available on the civilian market with inexpensively designed analytical systems for monitoring atmospheric trace gases. In this context, this perspective introduces the …

Matching And Independence Complexes Related To Small Grids, Benjamin Braun, Wesley K. Hough

Mathematics Faculty Publications

The topology of the matching complex for the 2 x n grid graph is mysterious. We describe a discrete Morse matching for a family of independence complexes Ind(Δ^m_n) that include these matching complexes. Using this matching, we determine the dimensions of the chain spaces for the resulting Morse complexes and derive bounds on the location of non-trivial homology groups for certain Ind(Δ^m_n). Furthermore, we determine the Euler characteristic of Ind(Δ^m_n) and prove that several homology groups of Ind(Δ^m_n) are non-zero.

The Transformation Of Science With Hpc, Big Data, And Ai, Jeffrey Kirk

Commonwealth Computational Summit

High performance computing has matured into an indispensable tool for not only academic research and government labs and agencies, but also for many industry sectors: energy, manufacturing, healthcare, financial services, even digital content creation. More recently, the advent of Big Data has enabled the use of HPC techniques for large scale data analysis, expanding the scope of HPC and the reach of it into more research and enterprise use cases. Since 2012, a new regime of data-driven analytics, deep learning, has erupted in popularity, fueled by both the massive performance increases in HPC technologies and in the explosive rate of …

Harnessing The Data Revolution, Chaitan Baru

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Harnessing Data for 21st Century Science and Engineering (aka Harnessing the Data Revolution, HDR) is one of NSF's six "Big Research Ideas," aimed at supporting fundamental research in data science and engineering; developing a cohesive, federated approach to the research data infrastructure needed to power this revolution; and developing of a 21st-century data-capable workforce. HDR will enable new modes of data-driven discovery allowing researchers to ask and answer new questions in frontier science and engineering, generate new knowledge and understanding by working with domain experts, and accelerate discovery and innovation. This initiative builds on NSF's history of data science investments. …

Tell Me Why? Tell Me More! Explaining Predictions, Iterated Learning Bias, And Counter-Polarization In Big Data Discovery Models, Olfa Nasraoui

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Outline:

What can go Wrong in Machine Learning?

• Unfair Machine Learning
• Iterated Bias & Polarization
• Black Box models

Tell me more: Counter-Polarization

Tell me why: Explanation Generation

Analysis Of Complex Vertebrate Genomes: Computational Challenges And Solutions, Jeramiah J. Smith

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.

Accurate And Scalable Query Over Large Rna‐Seq Experiments, Jinze Liu

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.

Resource Efficient Design Of Quantum Circuits For Quantum Algorithms, Himanshu Thapliyal

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.

Additional Data Via Autonomous Systems To Supplement Traditional Sparse Sources For Weather Forecasting And Atmospheric Science, Suzanne Weaver Smith

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.

Correct Model Selection In Multiple Regression Analyses Of Big Data, Katherine L. Thompson

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Goals:

• Improve statistical modeling in a variety of application areas
• Correctly identify the relationships present in data sets
• Understand the difficulty in choosing the correct statistical model in big data

Integrative Computational Modeling For Developing Means To Manipulate Biological Cells And For Solving Complex Engineering Problems, Yu Zhao, Guigen Zhang

Commonwealth Computational Summit

A brief discussion on reductive vs integrative investigation

A case study: how integrative computational modeling helps advance the understanding and application of dielectrophoresis (DEP) in various situations

Other applications in advancing the design and development of nanopore, medical devices, novel materials, actuation devices, and coupled spectroscopic techniques, etc.

Cloud‐Based Text Analytics Harvesting, Cleaning And Analyzing Corporate Earnings Conference Calls, Michael Chuancai Zhang, Vikram Gazula, Dan Stone, Hong Xie

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.

Grading Complex Tasks Through Crowdsourcing, Lingyu Lyu

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Crowdsourcing provides huge opportunities and scalability solutions for grading large scale tasks, such as MOOCs.

Reliability and quality of graders and crowdsourced data are challenging issues.

Workers might give random grades, which are spam; or provide biased grades, which need to be corrected.

The budget for hiring graders is limited, in many cases.

Parallelization Of A Three-Dimensional Full Multigrid Algorithm To Simulate Tumor Growth, Dylan Goodin, Chin F. Ng, Hermann B. Frieboes

Commonwealth Computational Summit

We present the performance gains of an openMP implementation of a fully adaptive nonlinear full multigrid (FMG) algorithm to simulate three-dimensional multispecies desmoplastic tumor growth on computer systems of varying processing capabilities. The FMG algorithm is applied to solve a recently published thermodynamic mixture model that uses a diffuse interface approach with fourth-order reaction-advection-diffusion PDEs (Cahn-Hilliard-type equations) that are coupled, nonlinear, and numerically stiff. The model includes multiple cell species and extracellular matrix (ECM), with adhesive and elastic energy contributions in chemical potential terms, as well as including blood and lymphatic vessels represented as continuous vasculatures. Advection-reaction-diffusion PDEs are employed …

The Effect Of Inlet Pulsations On Primary Atomization Of Liquid Jets, Kyle Windland, Prashant Khare

Commonwealth Computational Summit

Objectives

• Elucidate the physics underlying the primary atomization of liquid jets.
• Investigate the effect of inlet pulsations on the atomization process.
• Identify the reliability of numerical predictions using uncertainty quantification techniques (UQ) and sensitivity analyses.

Computational Materials Characterization, Discovery, And Design With High Performance Computing, Qunfei Zhou, Xiaotao Liu, Tyler Maxwell, Thomas John Balk, Matthew J. Beck

Commonwealth Computational Summit

No abstract provided.