Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Studies On The Niche Separation In Two Carabid Cave Beetles, Tom Mckinney

International Journal of Speleology

Population, habitat and behavioural studies carried out on Pseudanophthalmus menetriesi and P. pubescens in the south central Kentucky karst area are described and discussed. Differences which exist in the timing of population recruitment, habitat preference, habitat niche breadth and in the degree of agression are all important in lessening competition between these two species.

Seasonal Changes In A Population Of Pseudanopthalmus Tenuis (Coleoptera, Carabidae) In Murray Spring Cave, Indiana: A Preliminary Report, James H. Keith

International Journal of Speleology

A study of a population of Pseudanophthalmus tenuis is being conducted in Murray Spring Cave, Orange County, Indiana as one facet of a larger research project encompassing the entire terrestrial community of that cave. Changes in behaviour and abundance determined by census and mark-recapture methods and physiological changes determined from field-collected beetles indicates that these animals exhibit a seasonal reproductive rhythm probably mediated or controlled by winter and spring flooding of the cave.

A Population Study Of The Cave Beetle Ptomaphagus Loedingi (Coleoptera; Leiodidae; Catopinae), Stewart B. Peck

International Journal of Speleology

Baited pitfall traps were used in Barclay Cave, Alabama, in 1965 to study a blind Ptomaphagus beetle population. A 40m² area in the cave yielded 95% of the 897 adult and larval beetles trapped in the cave at 9 stations. This represented a population density of about 13 beetles/m². Tests of different baits showed decayed meat to be the most attractive. Adults were most abundant in mid-August when substrate conditions were moist, were reproductively active, and were not newly emerged from pupal cells. Larvae were most abundant in late August. The population was studied by mark-recapture methods …

Millipedes In The Collection Of The Amcs. Iii. Reddellobus Troglovbius, N. Gen., N. Sp., An Unusual Troglobite From Peubla, Mexico, And Other Records Of The Family Spirouolellidae (Order Spirobolida, Class Diplopoda), Nell B. Causey

International Journal of Speleology

During the past several years, members of the Association for Mexican Cave Studies have made some surprising additions to the knowledge of the invertebrate fauna of Mexico. None of their finds is more exciting than the species described here, a millipede much larger than the nearest epigean relative in an order outstanding for its scarcity of troglobitic adaptations. The absence of ocelli and the reduction of body pigment in the known epigean typhlobolellids suggest that they are deep humus dwellers preadapted for cave life.

Eine Neue Discoptila Aus Anatolischen Höhlen (Orthoptera, Gryllidae), Alexi Popov

International Journal of Speleology

A new troglophilous cave-cricket, Discoptila beroni n.sp. is described and figured. It is common in the caves Maara near Mersin and Damlatas near Alanya in South Anatolia. The characteristic features of the males, as well as of the females, by which the new species is distinguished from the other eight species of the genus, all distributed in the Mediterranean, are pointed out. D. beroni n.sp. has already been reported erroneously from the cave Damlatas as D. fragosoi (Bol.) and as D. brevis B.-Bien.

Three New Troglobitic Asellids From Western North America (Crustaces: Isopoda: Asellidae), Thomas E. Bowman

International Journal of Speleology

Fleming’s arguments (1973) for reducing Conasellus to a synonym of Asellus are considered inadequate, but the name Conasellus is replaced by its senior synonym Caecidotea. Two new troglobitic species of Caecidotea are described, C. chiapas from caves in Chiapas, Mexico, and C. sequoiae from Liburn Cave, Tulare County, California. Asellus califomicus is reported from springs in Napa and Santa Clara Counties; the male pleopod 2 is redescribed, and the species is assigned to the subgenus Phreatoasellus. A new genus and species, Salmasellus steganothrix, is described from Horseshoe Lake, Alberta, Canada.

The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) I. Seasonality Of Food Input And Early Life History Stages, Thomas C. Kane, Russell M. Norton, Thomas L. Poulson

International Journal of Speleology

The adaptations in the life history of the Carabid beetle Neaphaenops tellkampfii has been investigated in respect to seasonal food input. The following characters have been studied: copulations, egg production, larvae and pupae.

The Ecology Of A Predaceous Troglobitic Beetle, Neaphaenops Tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) Ii. Adult Seasonality, Feeding And Recruitment, Russell M. Norton, Thomas C. Kane, Thomas L. Poulson

International Journal of Speleology

In deep cave areas with loose substrate and sufficient moisture, the life history of Neaphaenops tellkampfii (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Trechinae) is synchronized with the seasonal pattern of its primary food sources, the eggs and first instar nymphs of the cave cricket Hadenoecus subterraneus (Orthoptera Gryllacridoidea, Rhaphidophoridae). Neaphaenops reproduction coincides with an order of magnitude increase in Hadenoecus egg input in the spring. Our 46 observations of predation by Neaphaenops suggest some switching to other cave animals as cricket egg and first instar nymph densities decrease during the summer. Neaphaenops life history in areas of Hadenoecus egg input is as follows: (1) …

Distribution Of Indiana Cavernicolous Crayfishes And Their Ecto-Commensal Ostracods, H. H. Hobbs Iii

International Journal of Speleology

Six species and subspecies of crayfishes and four species of entocytherid ostracods are known to inhabit the subterranean streams of southern Indiana. Cambarus (E.) Iaevis (troglophile) appears to be the most widely distributed crayfish and occurs in both karst areas within the State. The troglobite, Orconectes inermis (2 subspecies), is restricted to the larger karst area in solution cavities of Mississippian carbonate rocks. The remaining crayfishes, Orconectes immunis, Orconectes propinquus and Orconectes sloanii, are not common inhabitants of cave waters and are probably trogloxenes. All of the crayfishes except O. sloanii were found to host at least one …

Sur Les Bathynella De Roumanie: B.(B.) Boteai Serban, B.(B.) Vaducrisensis N.Sp., B.(B.) Plesai Serban Et B.(B.) Motrensis Serban (Bathynbellacea, Bathynellidae) Première Partie, Eugène Serban

International Journal of Speleology

In the first part of the note we present a minute description of the species B.(B.) boteai Serban, B. (B.) motrensis Serban and B. (B.) plesai Serban. The provisional diagnosis of these species were already published in 1971. A new species B.(B.) vaducrisensis is also described. The genus Bathynella Vejdovsky is now known in the Romanian fauna with 6 species: four of them already mentioned, plus B. (B.) paranatans Serban and B. (B.) scythica Botosaneanu and Damian.

Remplissages Karstiques Au Tunnel De La Clusette, Jean Meia, Michel Pochon

International Journal of Speleology

The piercing of a road tunnel in the flank of a limestone (Malm) anticline in the Neuchâtel Jura uncovered karstic forms transformed for the most part, by decarbonated soils. Mineralogical analysis of these latter, through the use of X-ray diffraction, reveals a great analogy with the surface soils. At more than 200 meters depth, the same allochtone mineralogical suite of aeolian origin which constitutes the largest part of the soils of the High Jura Mountains in Switzerland, is found: an abundance of ferriferous chlorite, and of quartz, plagioclase and potassic feldspar. The various factors favouring this deep infiltration are discussed.

Un Parajapygidé Inédit Des Plages De La Côte Caraïbe De Cuba Récolté Par Mr. L. Botosaneanu Au Cours De La Seconde Expédition Biospéléologique Cubano-Roumaine À Cuba En 1973, J. Pages

International Journal of Speleology

P. (P.) botosaneanui n.sp. has been collected in the interstitial habitat of the Caribbean shores on the eastern coast of Cuba. This note is divided into 6 parts: 1) the description by L. Botusaneanu of the stations where this species has been collected and data on the possibility for the specimens of this taxa to swim and to creep between the grains of sand; 2) the description and the affinities of the n. sp., which is closely related to bonetianus Silv. from Mexico; 3) the study of the male genitalia made possible the definition of 4 instars (male 1 to …

Versuche Zur Erfassung Der Vertikalen Verteilung Von Organismen Und Chemischen Substanzen Im Grundwasser Von Talauen Und Terrassen; Methoden Und Erste Befunde, Siegfried Husmann

International Journal of Speleology

In the alluvial ground of the river Fulda valley and in the diluvial terrace of the river Weser assortments of tubes of various lengths were sunk into sandy and gravely underground to bring to light groundwater of different depths. The installation of these groundwater pump stations was effectuated by two different methods: 1. with the aid of an apparatus for bringing down bore-holes, 2. by ramming in the pump tubes with the aid of a pneumatic hammer. The first biological and chemical investigations in these subterranean water research stations indicated that the vertical distribution of groundwater organisms and chemical substances …

Symposium On Life Histories Of Cave Beetles: An Introduction, Thomas L. Poulson

International Journal of Speleology

Overview of the six papers presented at the Symposium on Life Histories of Cave Beetles held at the 1973 annual convention of the National Speleological Society at Bloomington in Indiana (USA).

Geology And Hydrology Of The El Converto Cave-Spring System, Southwestern Puerto Rico, Barry F. Beck

International Journal of Speleology

Whereas the North Coast Tertiary Limestones of Puerto Rico are classic karst locales, their southern counterparts are almost devoid of karst development. The El Convento Cave-Spring System is the most prominent feature of the only large scale karst area developed on the South Coast Tertiary limestones. The karst topography is localized on the middle Juana Diaz Formation, which is a reef facies limestone, apparently because of the high density and low permeability of this zone as compared to the surrounding chalks and marls. In the El Convento System a sinking ephemeral stream combines with the flow from two perennial springs …

Un Nouvel Asellide Interstitiel D'Espagne Méridionale Bragasellus Boui N. Sp. (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota) Et Considérations Sur Les Genres Européens D'Asellides, Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a new, unpigmented and eyeless Asellid, belonging to the iberian genus Bragasellus Henry et Magniez, 1968. Bragasellus boui, n.sp., lives on the bottom of a river that is a tributary of Guadalquivir River (Southern Spain). Bragasellus, Proasellus, Stygasellus and Synasellus are four genuine phyletic lines of European Asellidae, all of them independent of each other, and the authors confirm their validity as true genera.

Un Diploure Japygidé Cavernicole Inėdit De Corse Dipljapyx Beroni N.Sp., J. Pages

International Journal of Speleology

Dipljapyx beroni n.sp. has been collected from two caves in Corsica. From its antennae with 31 articles, chaetotaxia of urites and subcoxal organs well-characterized, it appears to be an endemic Corsican species, situated between D. humberti Grassi found in the western Alps, and D. italicus Silv. peculiar to the Italian Peninsula. It is closely related to the first of those two species. There is no morphologic feature indicating it as a troglophilic species.

Size And Growth Of The Eyes Of The Troglobitic Salamander Typhiotriton Spelaeus, Joseph C. Besharse, Ronald A. Brandon

International Journal of Speleology

The eyes of larval T. spelaeus grow by negative allometry, but in allometric coefficients they are not greatly different from E. lucifuga. The major differences in eye size, both absolute and relative to body size, between T. spelaeus and E. lucifuga are established prior Io the larval growth period. The eyes of T. spelaeus cease to grow at metamorphosis and are reduced in size thereafter. In addition, there is increased individual variability and bilateral asymmetry of eye size in adult T. spelaeus compared to both adult E. lucifuga and larval T. spelaeus. This variability, expressed as relative dispersion …

Données Faunistiques Et Ecologiques Sur Les Stenasellidae (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Some important morphological features, which are discussed here, point out that the Stenasellids (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota) must be considered as a true family (Stenasellidae), independent from the Asellidae. A definition and a renewed diagnosis of the Stenasellidae Dudich, 1924, are given. Their relationships must be pursued, especially in the marine Parastenetroidea and in the psammic Microcerberidae. Until 1938, the group was known only from subterranean waters of southern Europe. Now, several genera and many thermophile species from north-tropical underground waters have been discovered in Africa (5 gen., 12 sp.), Asia (1 gen., 2 sp.) …

Biology And Ecology Of The El Convento Cave-Spring System (Puerto Rico), G. Nicholas

International Journal of Speleology

The El Convento Cave-Spring System is located at the head of the Quebrada de Los Cedros, approximately 20 km. west of Ponce, southwestern Puerto Rico. Although situated in an arid environment, the gorge receives sufficient moisture from the cave-spring system to support an abundant flora, with Bucida buceras and Bursera simaruba as the dominant trees. The cave is frequently flooded and possesses a rich nutrient substrate in the form of bat guano. Numerous orthopterans (Aspiduchus cavernicola and Amphiacusta annulipes), decapoda (Macrobrachium carcinus and Epilobocera sinuatifrons), and chiroptera (Brachyphylla cavernarum and Artebius jamaicensis) are present. …

Studies On The Abdominal Musculature Of The Subterranean Mysid, Lepidomysis Longipes (Pillai And Mariamma), C. N. Nath

International Journal of Speleology

The musculature of the hypogean mysid, Lepidomysis longipes (Pillai and Mariamma) is remarkably modified. It shows the absence of many muscles and poor development of others in the abdominal region. This is correlated with the subterranean nature of the animal.

Subterranean Crustacea Decapoda Macrura Collected By Mr. L. Botosaneanu During The 1973 Cuban-Roumanian Biospeological Expedition To Cuba, L. B. Holthuis

International Journal of Speleology

During the 1973 Cuban Romanian Biospeleological Expedition to Cuba 5 species of cavernicolous Decapod Crustacea were collected: the Palaemonidae Troglocubanus gibarensis Chace, T. eigenmanni (Hay) and Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum new subspecies. The second of these species now is reported for the first time from Isla de Pinos. The third form proved to be a new subspecies of Macrobrachium faustinum (De Saussure), a freshwater shrimp which is widely distributed in the West Indies. The new subspecies is not only known from Cuba, but also material from Jamaica, Curacao and Bonaire is reported. A new locality is reported for Barbouria cubensis (Von …

A New Centromerus From Bulgarian Caves (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Christo Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

A new species, Centromerus milleri, is described, which was collected in the cave “Karangil” near the town of Kardjali, Bulgaria. Centromerus milleri n. sp. belongs to the group of C. pabulator.

Pseudoscorpions Cavernicoles De La Macédoine, B. P. M. Ćurčić

International Journal of Speleology

A cavernicolous pseudoscorpion of the genus Neobisium Chamberlin 1930 is living in Kalina Dupka cave in the Bistra Highland of western Macedonia. This pseudoscorpion clearly differs from the other members of the subgenus Blothrus Schiodte 1849, and belongs to the new species N. (B.) princeps, the principal features of which are described in this study. The nearest relatives of this species are N. (B.) spelaeum (Schiodte) 1849, and N. (B.) stygium Beier 1931, both from Slovenian and Croatian caves. From chelal dentition N. (B.) princeps may be considered as the most primitive element of the princeps-stygium-spelaeum series. This new …

Free Amino Acids In A Cave Beetle Darlingtonea Kentuckensis Valentine (Coleoptera: Carabidae), R. J. Sperka

International Journal of Speleology

Free amino acids of Darlingtonea kentuckensis were investigated by two-dimensional, thin-layer chromatography on Silica Gel G. Thirteen amino acids which could be identifìed (alanine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine and/or leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine) and seven unidentified ninhydrin-positive spots were found. Beta-Alanine, alpha-amino-butyric acid, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, hydroxyproline and methionine were not detected. No difference was observed in the free amino acids with respect to sex of beetle, time after feeding and method of sample preparation.

Momonisia Phreatica N. Gen., N. Sp. (Momoniidae, Hydrachnellae) Des Eaux Souterraines De Bulgarie, A. Petrova

International Journal of Speleology

Recent borings in the Veleka River drainage area (South Eastern Bulgaria) have shown a phreatic fauna with a new representative of Hydracarian of the family Momoniidae which constitute the type of a new genus: Momonisia phreatica n. gen. n. sp. The description is here given by the author. The most closely related Momoniid appears to be Momonia karelica Sokolov from Russian Carelia.

A New Species Of Sipuncula (Aspidosiphon Exiguus N.Sp.), Belonging To The Interstitial Fauna Of Marine Beaches Collected By Mr. L. Botosaneanu During The Second Cuban-Romanian Biospeleological Expedition To Cuba 1973, S. J. Edmonds

International Journal of Speleology

Aspidosiphon exiguous, a new species of Sipuncula, is decribed, belonging to the interstitial fauna of the beaches. The specimens were collected during the second Cuba-Romanian biospeleological expedition in 1973.

Observations Sur Stenasellus Virei Dans Ses Biotopes Naturels (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Thanks to intensive exploration and to new methods for capturing aquatic underground fauna, 117 localities are now known for Stenasellus virei. The description of some typical biotopes suggests that the species lives as well in karstic waters as in phreatic ones, inside the different environment of the hydrogeological classification of subterranean waters. St. virei buchneri and St. v. hussoni are almost cavernicolous. St. v. angelieri is distributed in the underground waters of Catalonia. St. v. boui is located in the underflow of Salat river basin. St. v. virei is widely distributed in the alluvial water-level of Garonne and Ebro …

The Growth And Toxicity Of The Florida Red Tide Organism, Gymnodinium Breve, Marion Tilton Doig Iii

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mass mortalities of marine organisms in the Gulf of Mexico have been associated with blooms of the unarmored dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve. This investigation concerns the factors affecting the growth of G. breve and the properties of a toxin produced by the organism.

A modification of the Flask Test of the Provisional Algal Assay Procedure of the Joint Industry/Government Task Force on Eutrophication was used to determine the response of G. breve to various natural waters and enrichments. The growth-promoting potential of natural waters obtained from areas where outbreaks of G. breve frequently occur was greater than that of waters …

A Field Study Of Selected Ecological Properties Of Boca Ciega Bay And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Geo-Marine, Inc.

Reports

This report describes a quantitative study of selected environmental parameters in a portion of Boca Ciega Bay and in the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Johns Pass. The investigation included an analysis of hydrography and water quality during the period 14-20 February 1973. The objective of the study was to assess the present marine environment in order to judge the ecological feasibility of discharging tertiary treated sewage effluent into Boca Ciega Cay or secondary treated effluent into the Gulf of Mexico. The discharge would come from the proposed expansion of the South Cross Bayou sewage treatment plant.