Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Oyster Spatfall On Shellstrings In Virginia Rivers: 1976 Annual Summary, Dexter S. Haven, Paul C. Kendall

Reports

The Virginia Institute of M3rine Science (VIMS) conducts weekly surveys from June through early October to obtain oyster spatfall information. Spat counts are made from oyster shells strung on wire and suspended from stakes on public and private beds. The number of spat on shells are counted each week of the spawning season to determine the potential of a particular area for receiving a strike and to predict the most likely period the strikes will occur, Shells planted just before the period of maximum set have the best chance of getting a good strike,

The Effect Of The Chesapeake Corporation On The Water Quality Of The Upper York River With Respect To Total And Fecal Coliforms And Fecal Streptococci, Martha Rhodes, Howard Kator, Nancy King

Reports

Levels of total and fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci in the Mattaponi, Pamunkey and York Rivers were monitored for one year in the vicinity of the town of West Point, Virginia. These parameters were also determined for selected process waste waters and effluents from the Chesapeake Corporation, West Point, Virginia.

Nitrogen Fixation In Virginia Salt Marshes And The Effects Of Chronic Oil Pollution On Nitrogen Fixation In The Mobjack Bay Marshes, Alyce Diane Thomson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

N2 fixation rates for several Virginia salt marshes were determined using in situ acetylene-reduction assays. A control and a chronically polluted oil marsh of the mesohaline Mobjack Bay area were sampled over a 1975-76 annual cycle. N2 fixation occurred in all transects which extended from upper mudflat to the Spartina patens zone. An isolated blue-green algal mat exhibited some of the highest N2 fixation rates. Intertidal sediment N2 fixation was patchy, both spatially and seasonally. However average rates (91.45 μg N/m2/h) compared to the estimated N requirement of the graminoid vegetation indicated a significant contribution to the N budget. Vegetation …

Measurement Of Radiative Muon Capture In Calcium, Richard Dennis Hart

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Theory Of Amorphous Copper-Nickel Alloys, Kun-San Chang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Nesting Ecology Of Several Species Of Herons And The Glossy Ibis (Plegadis Falcinellus) In Three Heronries In Virginia, Barbara Susan Warren

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Sediments In The Storage, Movement And Biological Uptake Of Kepone In Estuarine Environments : Annual Report To The Environmental Protection Agency For The Period 10/20/76 To 10/20/77, Robert Huggett

Reports

Included in this document are three sections which describe the efforts of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science's staff on the Role of Sediments in the Storage, Movement,and Biological Uptake of Kepone in Estuarine Environments.

The first section is entitled: "Kepone in James River Sediment," by Maynard M. Nichols and Richard C. Trotman. The second, "Kepone Water-Sediment Elutriates," by Robert J. Huggett and the third, ''Uptake of Kepone From Suspended Sediments by Oysters, Rangia and Macoma," is by Dexter S. Haven and Reinaldo Morales-Alamo.

Also attached is a progress report on the EPA funded James River Hydrographical Survey Study which …

The Effects Of Conditioning The American Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) With Tetraselmis Suecica And Cornstarch On The Growth, Vigor And Survival Of Its Larvae, Laura Lee Creekman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A comparison of effects of conditioning adult oysters (Crassostrea virginica) with Cornstarch and/or Tetraselmis suecica and raw water were determined on subsequent larval growth, vigor and successful metamorphosis. Possible correlations of lipid content of eggs and larval growth, vigor and metamorphosis was also examined. Results illustrated the effectiveness of Cornstarch when used as a supplemental conditioning agent for producing larvae and spat in greater quantity and of better quality than the other conditioning diets employed. Investigation revealed that lipid content of eggs is an important indicator for larval growth, vigor, set and successful metamorphosis. This dissertation is from the Joint …

The Effects Of Pollution On Benthic Communities Of The Tidal James River, Virginia, Robert J. Diaz

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Benthic communities in the estuarine portion of the James River are controlled mainly by salinity. Pollution effects are localized and difficult to assess because of the rigorous physical environment. Mesohaline and oligohaline communities were very similar to those in other east coast estuaries. except for the dominance of Rangia cuneata in the oligohaline zone. Communities of the tidal freshwater zone are most affected by pollution. In the areas of Richmond and Hopewell, where the major portion of the pollution load enters the river, communities are most severely depressed. Separate multivariate analyses of species distributional patterns, and pollution and physical parameters …

Copper And Zinc In Bottom Sediments And Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, From Virginia's Estuaries, R. J. Huggett

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Forecasting Beach Erosion Along The Oceanic Coastlines Of The Northeast And Mid-Atlantic States, William S. Richardson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Various Algal Diets And Larval Density In The Larviculture Of The American Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin), Nancy T. Windsor

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Cross Field Current Instabilites In A Vlasov Plasma, Don S. Lemons

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Environmental Variables On The Heart Rate Of Invertebrates, Peter L. Defur

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Dielectric Relaxation In The Uhf And Rf Regions, Theodore Bryant Kingsbury

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons On Salt Marsh Communities, Carleton H. Hershner Jr.

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This dissertation is from the Joint Program Degree from the College of William & Mary and University of Virginia and awarded by the University of Virginia.

The effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on salt marsh grasses and gastropods were examined under three different circumstances. In the first study reported, a small pocket marsh was repeatedly dosed with small amounts of a No. 2 fuel oil. The second study investigated the effects of a large accidental spill of No. 6 fuel oil. The third study involved single doses of a fresh and a weathered crude oil on artificially enclosed segments of marsh.

The Effects Of Petroleum On The Salt Marsh Ecosystem, James L. Lake

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Ecological Effects Of Highways On Coastal Wetlands, Atlantic Coast Region, John D. Boon, George M. Dawes

Reports

A literature review of past and on-going research and activities of the principal investigators is the basis for evaluating environmental effects of highways in wetlands. Values of wetl8,$1ds are discussed briefly. Physical. biological and chemical impacts are associated with highway construction. operation and maintenance. Environmental impacts are scaled in terms of magnitude and duration and mitigating measures are identified. The foregoing are summarized in matrices. The report further identifies further research which is needed to design highway projects with environmental aspects in mind.

Intensive Hydrographical And Water Quality Survey Of The Chincoteague/Sinepuxent/Assawoman Bay Systems : Volume Ii. Data Report: Intensive, Hydrographical And Water Quality, C. S. Fang, A. Rosenbaum, J. P. Jacobon, P. V. Hyer

Reports

No abstract provided.

Delineation Of A Wave Climate For Dam Neck, Virginia Beach, Virginia, Andrew L. Gutman

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Leased Oyster Grounds Adjacent To The New And Old James River Bridges, Newport News, Virginia, Dexter S. Haven, Paul C. Kendall, William C. Phoel

Reports

'l'his report describes two studies by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) on oyster bottoms adjacent to the recently constructed and the original James River bridges. The first study was conducted from July to October, 1972, prior to construction of the new bridge. The second was carried out in April, 1976, after the new bridge was finished, but prior to the removal of the southern end of the original bridge.

There were several purposes to the studies: 1) To determine if construction activity had a measurable impact on the adjacent leased bottom; 2) To quantify the magnitude of stocks …

A Prototype Lagrangian Current Buoy Using The Carrier Plus Sideband (Csb) Retransmission Of Omega Navigation Symbols, Donald L. Baker, Christian S. Welch

Reports

As part of the continental shelf investigations of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) , electronics were developed and tested to track an ocean-current-following (Lagrangian) buoy by the retransmission of Omega navigation signals to a shore station using medium frequency (2 . 398 MHz) ground wave propagation and equal-carrier-upper-sideband modulation . The buoy electronics include sharp clipping and filtering for noise reduction and Omega signal equalization . The carrier and upper sideband are transmitted with equal power to maintain the relative phases of separate Omega station signals on demodulation. The base station is a 2.4 MHz receiver/demodulator feeding a …

Response And Recovery To Sediment Influx In The Rappahannock Estuary: A Summary, Maynard M. Nichols, Galen Thompson, Bruce Nelson

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Flooding from Tropical Stonn Agnes produced unique hydrographic conditions for transport and dispersal of sediment in the Rappahannock and .James estuaries. Analyses indicate two cycles of response and recovery to the shock of extreme freshwater and sediment influx; one cycle in response to Rappahannock inflow; the other to intense mixing within the estuary. Important stages in the sequence consist of: (1) an initial response and seaward surge of river water and sediment; (2) shock with downstream translation of the salt intrusion head with a near-bottom salinity front and high turbidity in surface and in bottom water; (3) rebound with intense …

The Effect Of Tropical Storm Agnes On Heavy Metal And Pesticide Residues In The Eastern Oyster From Southern Chesapeake Bay, M. E. Bender, R. J. Huggett

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The concentrations of cadmium, copper, and zinc in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, are compared for samples collected before and after Tropical Storm Agnes. The "before" samples consisted of 475 animals from 95 stations collected in January 1971 and the "after" samples of 285 animals from 57 stations collected in January 1973. Shifts in the areal concentrations distributions were observed, apparently due to Agnes. Analyses of hard clams, blue crabs and oysters for chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides showed influx of these compounds to be minimal as reflected by the residue levels observed. Comparison of residue levels in oysters to pre-Agnes conditions …

A Mathematical Model Of Chincoteague Bay, Virginia, John Joseph Vaccaro

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Changes In Salinity Structure Of The James, York And Rappahannock Estuaries Resulting From The Effects Of Tropical Storm Agnes, Paul V. Hyer, Evon P. Ruzecki

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The peak effect of the flood waters produced by Tropical Storm Agnes was seen on June 25 in the James, June 26 in the Rappahannock, and June 30 in the York. Recovery toward normal salinity conditions after the high runoffs proceeded discontinuously, with alternating periods of vertical stratification and destratification. During strongly stratified stages, saline water advanced upstream along the bottom. In the York and James Rivers, the most dramatic stratification occurred about July 20- 25. This event resulted in bottom salinity values exceeding normal ambient values and, at the river mouths, reaching values hitherto unobserved. This event was apparently …

The Effects Of The Agnes Flood On The Salinity Structure Of The Lower Chesapeake Bay And Contiguous Waters, A. Y. Kuo, E. P. Ruzecki, C. S. Fang

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The transient response of salinity distribution in lower Chesapeake Bay to flood waters from Tropical Storm Agnes is studied in terms of a two-layered, partially mixed estuary. Prior to 30 June 1972, surface salinities were well depressed throughout the Bay while those at the bottom near the Bay mouth were not depressed by 5 July. This resulted in a highly stratified situation normally found in the spring of the year. Stratification decreased when bottom waters were flushed down-bay by the flood (on 5 to 10 July for the region south of New Point Comfort). The "rebound" of salinity structure started …

The Effects Of Tropical Storm Agnes On The Copper And Zinc Budgets Of The Rappahannock River, Robert J. Huggett, Michael E. Bender

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The metals copper and zinc were analyzed in bottom sediments (top 1 cm) from the Rappahannock River before and after Tropical Storm Agnes. By extracting the sediments with various techniques (HN03, HCl) the nature of the metal speciation can be estimated. Data show that the inorganic copper was increased by a factor of 2 to 3 in the normally saline portion of the river as a result of Agnes but returned to before-Agnes levels within one year. Metal analyses of suspended sediments collected during the Agnes flooding allows an estimate of sedimentation indicating at least 7.5 mm of new sediments …

Flood Wave-Tide Wave Interaction On The James River During The Agnes Flood, John P. Jacobson, C. S. Fang

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

During the Agnes flood hourly tidal height data were collected at seven locations along the tidal James River and currents were measured at two transects in the lower James. A comparison between actual tides and currents and the predicted tidal features as given by the tide and tidal current tables of NOAA was made. Results of this comparison show that Agnes did significantly affect water levels in the upper portion of the tidal James, especially near Richmond. However in the lower portion of the James no discernible rise was evident due to the passage of the flood crest. A small …

Effects Of Tropical Storm Agnes On Nutrient Flux And Distribution In Lower Chesapeake Bay, C. L. Smith, W. G. Macintyre, C. A. Lake, J. G. Windsor Jr.

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Nutrient concentrations measured in lower Chesapeake Bay in the summer of 1972 immediately following the flooding associated with Tropical Storm Agnes are compared with those in the summer of 1973, a season of more normal rainfall. The large amount of land runoff produced unseasonably high concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in the Bay near the mouth of the Potomac River. Phosphate concentrations were essentially unaffected by the flooding. Fluxes of total nitrogen and total phosphorus nutrients through the mouth of Chesapeake Bay were calculated for both summers. The calculated net export of nutrients from the Bay in both August 1972, …