Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Contextual Ontology Alignment Of Lod With An Upper Ontology: A Case Study With Proton, Prateek Jain, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma, Reymonrod G. Vasquez, Mariana Darnorva, Pascal Hitzler, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Linked Open Data (LOD) is a major milestone towards realizing the Semantic Web vision, and can enable applications such as robust Question Answering (QA) systems that can answer queries requiring multiple, disparate information sources. However, realizing these applications requires relationships at both the schema and instance level, but currently the LOD only provides relationships for the latter. To address this limitation, we present a solution for automatically finding schema-level links between two LOD ontologies – in the sense of ontology alignment. Our solution, called BLOOMS+, extends our previous solution (i.e. BLOOMS) in two significant ways. BLOOMS+ 1) uses a …

Cloudvista: Visual Cluster Exploration For Extreme Scale Data In The Could, Keke Chen, Huiqi Xi, Fengguang Tian, Shumin Guo

Kno.e.sis Publications

The problem of efficient and high-quality clustering of extreme scale datasets with complex clustering structures continues to be one of the most challenging data analysis problems. An innovate use of data cloud would provide unique opportunity to address this challenge. In this paper, we propose the CloudVista framework to address (1) the problems caused by using sampling in the existing approaches and (2) the problems with the latency caused by cloud-side processing on interactive cluster visualization. The CloudVista framework aims to explore the entire large data stored in the cloud with the help of the data structure visual frame and …

Citizen Sensor Data Mining, Social Media Analytics And Development Centric Web Applications, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Amit P. Sheth, Selvam Velmuru

Kno.e.sis Publications

With the rapid rise in the popularity of social media (500M+ Facebook users, 100M+ twitter users), and near ubiquitous mobile access (4.1 billion actively-used mobile phones), the sharing of observations and opinions has become common-place (nearly 100M tweets a day, 1.8 trillion SMSs in US last year). This has given us an unprecedented access to the pulse of a populace and the ability to perform analytics on social data to support a variety of socially intelligent applications -- be it towards targeted online content delivery, crisis management, organizing revolutions or promoting social development in underdeveloped and developing countries. This tutorial …

Semantic Social Mashup Approach For Designing Citizen Diplomacy, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Advancement in technology has brought exceptional connectivity, easy and open access to communication mediums via Internet. Everyday millions of people are interactively communicating to each other and sharing multimedia content through Social Media/Networks, Web-based and mobile-based technologies. Social media provides variety of interesting, engaging applications such as Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, Flicker, Blogs. People interested in contributing to global welfare and improving humanity are connected to various NGO's like Red Cross, Ushahidi (www.ushahidi.com), eMoksha (emoksha.org), etc. Social media and NGOs are acting as an excellent medium of communication and sharing, connected diverse people irrespective of their nationality, religion, culture, etc. Social …

Demonstration: Real-Time Semantic Analysis Of Sensor Streams, Harshal Kamlesh Patni, Cory Andrew Henson, Michael Cooney, Amit P. Sheth, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

The emergence of dynamic information sources - including sensor networks - has led to large streams of real-time data on the Web. Research studies suggest, these dynamic networks have created more data in the last three years than in the entire history of civilization, and this trend will only increase in the coming years. With this coming data explosion, real-time analytics software must either adapt or die. This paper focuses on the task of integrating and analyzing multiple heterogeneous streams of sensor data with the goal of creating meaningful abstractions, or features. These features are then temporally aggregated into feature …

The Cloud Agnostic E-Science Analysis Platform, Ajith Harshana Ranabahu, Paul E. Anderson, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The amount of data being generated for e-Science domains has grown exponentially in the past decade, yet the adoption of new computational techniques in these fields hasn't seen similar improvements. The presented platform can exploit the power of cloud computing while providing abstractions for scientists to create highly scalable data processing workflows.

Interoperability Between Awsome And Other Tools Using Model Driven Architecture, Chitra Srinivasan

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AFIT Wide Spectrum Object Modeling Environment (AWSOME) is built on an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) which is the meta-model of AWSOME. Transformations happen internally in AWSOME to transform anything in abstract to concrete. Earlier efforts in AWSOME were focused on developing tools to work on the AST. The goal of this thesis is to make AWSOME interoperable with other available tools. To achieve this goal, the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) concept is used. MDA is a framework aimed at portability, interoperability and reusability among different tools. Among many tools that use MDA context, EclipseUML 2008 and Dresden OCL Toolkit were …

Quantum Chemical Analysis Of The Pka's Of Alcohols And A Cellular Automata Model For The Distribution Of Gases In The Earth's Atmosphere, Edur Basha Boyinipalli

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Alcohols play important roles in many chemical and biological processes, and their acid/base behaviors are often important for these roles. In this study we ask the question, "Can the electronic properties of these compounds offer clues to the compounds' acid/base behaviors?" The study considers whether selected quantum chemical properties can be used to find correlations with the experimental pKa's of the alcohols (aliphatic and aromatic). Calculations were carried out for these alcohols using the semi-empirical RM1 method and the more advanced density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP/6-31+G* method. Significant correlations were found for several quantum chemical descriptors. It was also found …

The Synthesis, Reduction, And Chlorination Of 5-Alkoxy-2,3-Diphenylterephthalates, Rachel Marie Sayers

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A series of alkoxy, phenylated terephthalates has been synthesized as monomer precursors to the corresponding poly(phenylene vinylene)s (PPV). The hydroxy, phenylated terephthalate was synthesized via: 1) a Diels-Alder cycloaddition between an ethynyl boronic ester and a cyclopentadienone (CPD) with subsequent hydrolysis/oxidation of the boronate ester or 2) a Diels-Alder cycloaddition between vinylene carbonate and CPD followed by thermolysis of the bridged adduct. The hydroxy, phenylated terephthalate was alkylated via a phase-transfer reaction with iodomethane, propargyl bromide, benzyl chloride, allyl bromide, and bromobutane to produce the alkoxy, phenylated terephthalates in yields from 38.6- 91.1%. The alkoxyterephthlates were reduced with lithium aluminum …

Aerosol Jet Printing Of Lscf-Cgo Cathode For Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Paul Gardner

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Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology has attracted great attention due to advantages such as low emissions and high efficiency. In this work, solid oxide fuel cells were fabricated by incorporating functional layers deposited by a novel aerosol jet® printing method. The buffer and cathode layers were printed from gadolinium doped ceria (Ce0.9Gd0.1)O1.95 (CGO) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF) inks, respectively. The CGO layer was deposited on the sintered electrolyte and then LSCF was subsequently deposited onto the CGO layer. The polarization curves showed a 19% improvement in current density using LSCF as the cathode instead of LSM. Cathode grain size was …

Ab Initio Simulations Of Graphene-Based Nanosensor For Detecting No2 And Li, Ahmed Jama Hassan

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Nanosensors, i.e., sensors based on nanomaterials, have the potential of superior performance owing to their size effect, and can have significant effects on detection of pollutants in the environment. Various nanowires have been used in this context. Here we investigate the possibility of NO2 and Li detection using the quantum conductance change in graphene nanoribbon. Quantum conductance modification in graphene nanoribbon upon NO2/Li adsorption was calculated using ab initio methods. The optimized structures of the adsorbed NO2 indicated two different geometries where either nitrogen or oxygen was closer to the graphene lattice. The former resulted in charge transfer from NO2 …

Marine Vertebrate Remains From Middle-Late Devonian Bone Beds At Little Hardwick Creek In Vaughns Mill, Kentucky And At The East Liberty Quarry In Logan County, Ohio, John M. James

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Stratigraphic, lithologic, faunal and condont biozone analysis will provide insight to whether or not East Liberty Bone Bed, in Logan County, Ohio, and Little Hardwick Creek Bone Bed C, in Vaughns Mill, Kentucky, are chronostratigraphic correlations to one another; they are separated by 370 kilometers (230 miles). Material from each bed was collected and broken down in acid and analyzed. Remaining residue after acid treatment was analyzed under a dissecting microscope for lithological and fossil contents, identified from previous fossil vertebrate findings at other locations.

Final analysis of these beds showed that lithologically and faunally they are very similar. However, …

Synthesis Of Isatin Derivatives Used For The Inhibition Of Pro-Apoptotic Jurkat T Cells, Charles Michael Clay

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A range of substituted 1H-indole-2,3-diones (isatins) was synthesized to assess their capability to inhibit caspases and prevent apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. The key steps in the synthesis of such molecules involved electrophilic substitution of the C-5 position of the isatin nucleus (if necessary), N-alkylation, Wolff-Kishner reduction of the C-3 carbonyl group and finally, Knoevenagel condensation. The design and synthesis of such potential inhibitors was guided by SAR studies of peptide based inhibitors such as "Q-VD-O-Ph", as well as small-molecule inhibitors based upon the isatins scaffold. Previously, 3-(2,6-difluorobenzylidene)-5-nitroindolin-2-one has been shown to inhibit apoptosis in human Jurkat T cells at …

Littoral Zone Structure, Energy Mobilization And Benthic Food Webs In Oligotrophic Northern Temperate Lakes, Shawn P. Devlin

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Lakes are usually described by pelagic-based characteristics such as trophic status or stratification and mixing regimes. These categorization schemes neglect among-lake differences in the physical and biological structure of the littoral zone. The extensive use of stable isotopes has led to a better integration of pelagic dynamics and littoral processes in limnology. In order to further our understanding of littoral trophic dynamics I conducted a detailed investigation of benthic primary production, littoral sediment bacterial production, and zoobenthic consumer resource use in oligotrophic temperate lakes. I have found that among-lake variation in benthic primary and bacterial production reflects littoral zone structure. …

Multilevel Hadamard Matrices, Keli Siqueiros Parker

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Multilevel Hadamard Matrices (MHMs) have been examined by Trihn, Fan, and Gabidulin for constructions of multilevel zero-correlation zone sequences, which in turn have useful application in quasi-synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) systems. Subsequently, Adams, Crawford, Greeley, Lee and Murugan introduced a construction of full-rate circulant MHMs and proved the existence of an order n MHM with n elements of distinct absolute value for all n, thus determining the maximum number of distinct elements permissible in an order n MHM to be the greatest possible. We give a survey of MHMs, in particular examining the circulant case and the methods …

Intersections Of Deleted Digits Cantor Sets With Their Translates, Jason D. Phillips

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We define a family of deleted digits Cantor sets which satisfy specific constraints on the generating set of digits. We explore the structure and dimension of the intersection of a deleted digits Cantor set with its translate by a real value t. These results apply directly to the traditional Middle Thirds Cantor set as well as regular and uniform Cantor sets. We show that this family includes certain irregular sets which have not been previously analyzed. Our methods not only reveal the upper and lower bounds for the Minkowski dimension, but also uncover a formula for calculating the dimension of …

Novel Trisubstituted Arylidene Oxindoles With Potent Anti-Apoptotic Properties, Paul J. Repasky

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Apoptosis is a highly complex, multi-step cellular pathway utilized to initiate cell suicide. The family of enzymes largely responsible for the process is the cystienyl aspartic acid proteases (caspases). This study details the design and synthesis of a new class of small molecule caspase inhibitors, namely arylidene oxindoles, which are comparable to the isatin family of inhibitors but which offer the advantage of incorporating three points of variability into the basic scaffold. Moreover, whereas the mode of action of isatins against caspases has been demonstrated to involve nucleophilic addition of the cysteine residue of the enzymes to the C-3 ketone …

Optimizing Memory Cost With Loop Transformations, Hailong Shi

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Embedded systems are usually constrained in terms of timing, power, and memory. Many embedded applications, especially in the multi-media and telecom domains, are inherently data dominant. These embedded DSP applications usually exhibit intensive computations in the form of multi-level loops. The performance of these embedded DSP applications mainly depends on the code quality of the loops and the memory hierarchy design. During the design phase of the embedded system, it is important to estimate the overall storage requirement to guide the memory system design and take advantage of the memory system by program transformations and loop transformations.

Loop transformations including …

Routes To Acylated Sydnone Esters, Amanda Marie Balaguer

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Various 4-acyl-3-[2'-(carboalkoxy)phenyl]sydnones were synthesized by reaction of the parent sydnone with the corresponding anhydrides and Montmorillonite K-10. In the Q-tube, the acylation using acetic anhydride, which normally took 1.5 days for complete conversion thermally, was complete in 8.5 hours. Use of bismuth triflate as catalyst reduced the reaction time to 5 hours and, in the microwave, reactions were complete in 30 minutes and provided comparable yields. New sydnones were synthesized with acetic, propionic, butyric, and isobutyric anhydrides. Extension to various homogeneous metal triflates (lanthanum, yttrium, scandium, hafnium, gadolinium, and indium) was explored. Reactions were performed with 3-phenylsydnone as reactant, initially …

3-D Model Characterization And Identification From Intrinsic Landmarks, John L. Camp

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A method to automatically characterize and identify 3-D range scans based on intrinsic landmarks is presented. Intrinsic landmarks represent locally unique, intrinsic properties of a scanned surface, regardless of scale or rotation. The number, location, and characteristics of landmarks are used to characterize the scanned models. This method contains a selection process to identify stable, intrinsic landmarks for range scans as well as the identification of those scans. The selection process requires no user interaction or surface assumptions. It uses the principal curvatures at the range points to select the landmarks. First, a large number of landmarks are generated by …

Effects Of Crystal Orientation On The Dissolution Kinetics Of Calcite By Chemical And Microscopic Analyses, Michael Edward Smith

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The purpose of this work was to examine the effects of polished crystal-surface orientation and degree of solution undersaturation (Ω_calcite) on the dissolution kinetics of calcite as a means of improving our understanding of fundamental reactions that may influence the efficacy of CO₂ sequestration in geological formations. Crystallographic surface orientations utilized in this study included ~ 1 cm² areas of natural calcite specimens polished approximately parallel to the (104) plane, giving rise to surfaces with flat terraces with few steps, as well as fully kinked surfaces created by sectioning approximately parallel to the (001) plane. Results …

Modifiable Hyperbranched Polyester Drug Delivery Systems, Dorothy Ogden

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This work encompassed synthesis and characterization of biocompatible hyperbranched polyester drug delivery systems prepared with fumaric acid, glycerol and polyethylene glycol. The polymers were manufactured in the melt utilizing A2 + CB2 polymerization. The ratio of A2:CB2 was modified and excess B was added to end-cap the polymers to avoid cross-linking. Fumaric acid was selected as the A2 monomer because the double bond provided a site for polymer backbone modification or covalent attachment of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Acetaminophen and Ondansetron Hydrochloride were added to evaluate feasibility of using the polyesters as drug delivery systems. The weight average molecular weight of …

Measuring Uncertainty Of Protein Secondary Structure, Alan Eugene Herner

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This dissertation develops and demonstrates a method to measure the uncertainty of secondary structure of protein sequences using Shannon's information theory. This method is applied to a newly developed large dataset of chameleon sequences and to several protein hinges culled from the Hinge Atlas. The uncertainty of the central residue in each tripeptide is computed for each amino acid in a sequence using Cuff and Barton's CB513 as the reference set. It is shown that while secondary structure uncertainty is relatively high in chameleon regions [avg = 1.27 bits] it is relatively low in the regions 1-7 residues nearest a …

A User Centered Design And Prototype Of A Mobile Reading Device For The Visually Impaired, Robert B. Keefer

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While mobile reading devices have been on the market and investigated by researchers in recent years, there is still work required to make these devices highly accessible to the visually impaired. A usability test with one such device revealed gaps in the current state of the art devices. These gaps focus mostly on the user interaction and his or her ability to quickly consume written reading material. In this dissertation a voice user interface (VUI) is presented that improves the ability of a blind user of a mobile reading device to interact with written material. The image processing techniques required …

Semi-Supervised Contrafold For Rna Secondary Structure Prediction: A Maximum Entropy Approach, Jianping Feng

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A novel probabilistic discriminative model based on conditional random fields, CONTRAfold, has recently been proposed for single sequence RNA secondary structure prediction. By incorporating most of the features which closely mirror the local interaction terms of thermodynamics-based models, the CONTRAfold model has outperformed both probabilistic and physics-based techniques, and received the highest single sequence prediction accuracies. CONTRAfold, like most other RNA secondary structure prediction techniques, requires a collection of RNA sequences with known secondary structure to serve as training data for the algorithm. Manual annotation of RNA sequences is both expensive and time-consuming, and there remains a great deal more …

Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)S Carrying Pendant(3-Sulfonated) Phenyl Sulfonyl Groups For Use As Proton Exchange Membranes, Kimberly E. Kern

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A series of poly(arylene ether)s, containing a pendant mono sulfonic acid group, was synthesized using 3-sulfonated-3', 5'-difluorodiphenyl sulfone and a variety of bisphenols for use in proton exchange membranes (PEM). Nucleophilic aromatic substitution was utilized for homo and copolymerizations. In addition, the relationship between perfectly alternating and random copolymers and their effects on overall properties was studied. Polymerization reactions yielded linear sulfonated poly(arylene ether)s, sPAEs, with molecular weights ranging from 15,400 to 212,000 g/mol. All of the polymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 13C NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). All polymers exhibited excellent …

Analysis Of An Eocene Bone-Bed, Contained Within The Lower Lisbon Formation, Covington County, Alabama, Angela Ann Clayton

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A fossiliferous lag layer is exposed, at low water levels, next to Point "A" Dam north of River Falls, Alabama. The location of the research site was a coastal region, during the Middle Eocene, and most likely an estuary with complex depositional systems due to the interaction of fluvial and tidal processes. Most of the vertebrate remains at this locality are well preserved and indicate a low-energy environment. The exposure consists of unconsolidated sands rich with Chondrichthyan and Reptilian remains. Little work has been conducted at this location and the exposure was thought to be conformable. With a thorough lithological …

Spatial Semantics For Better Interoperability And Analysis: Challenges And Experiences In Building Semantically Rich Applications In Web 3.0, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Flexible Bootstrapping-Based Ontology Alignment, Prateek Jain, Pascal Hitzler, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

BLOOMS (Jain et al, ISWC2010) is an ontology alignment system which, in its core, utilizes the Wikipedia category hierarchy for establishing alignments. In this paper, we present a Plug-and-Play extension to BLOOMS, which allows to flexibly replace or complement the use of Wikipedia by other online or offline resources, including domain-specific ontologies or taxonomies. By making use of automated translation services and of Wikipedia in languages other than English, it makes it possible to apply BLOOMS to alignment tasks where the input ontologies are written in different languages.

The Positive Solutions Of The Matukuma Equation And The Problem Of Finite Radius And Finite Mass, Jurgen Batt, Yi Li

Yi Li

This work is an extensive study of the 3 different types of positive solutions of the Matukuma equation 1r2(r2ϕ′)′=−rλ−2(1+r2)λ/2ϕp,p>1,λ>0 : the E-solutions (regular at r = 0), the M-solutions (singular at r = 0) and the F-solutions (whose existence begins away from r = 0). An essential tool is a transformation of the equation into a 2-dimensional asymptotically autonomous system, whose limit sets (by a theorem of H. R. Thieme) are the limit sets of Emden–Fowler systems, and serve as to characterizate the different solutions. The emphasis lies on the study of the M-solutions. …