Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

On The Kirkwood Superposition Approximation, Russell V. Cochran Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

"When the Kirkwood superposition approximation for the triplet distribution function is used in the Born-Green equation for the pair distribution function of a liquid, the fourth virial coefficient is given incorrectly. In view of this, two suggestions for improving the approximation have been investigated. A suggestion, due to G.H.A. Cole, that better results could be obtained by using a second-order integro-differential equation of the Born-Green type with the superposition approximation used for both the triplet and quadruplet distribution functions has been investigated, and results for a hard-sphere model show that this method gives considerably less reliable results than those obtained …

An Examination Of The Far Infrared Spectrum Of Hydrogen Fluoride, Arthur Allen Mason

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: The absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation from 15 μ to 1000 μ is caused by energy changes in the rotations or the skeletal vibrations of molecules. This wavelength range is known as the far infrared spectral region and has in recent years become the object of extensive experimental activity. Much of the activity may be attributed to an increased awareness of the need for information which cannot be obtained elsewhere; to improved instrumentation and techniques; and to a natural desire to bridge the gap between the infrared and the microwave regions.

A bibliography of the far infrared compiled …

Mineralogy, Petrography, And Ceramic Properties Of Lower Cabaniss Underclays In Western Missouri, Anthony C. Tennissen

Doctoral Dissertations

The mineral and chemical components, the petrography, and the ceramic properties of the Weir-Pittsburg, Tebo, and Mineral underclays In Barton, Vernon, St. Clair, sod Henry Counties of western Missouri have bean Investigated by x-ray diffraction, differential thermal, spectrographic, microscopic, and certain ceramic testing techniques. The underclays are composed principally of little, kaolinite, end mixed-layer illite-montmorillonite. Illite is the dominant mineral. The principal non-phyllosilicate minerals are quarts sad pyrite. The under clays are mineralogically similar to the underlying shales and contain clay pallets which also are mineralogically similar to the underclays and shales in which they are found. The clay appears …

A Study Of The Problems Involved In Measuring The Angular Momentum Of Microwave Radiation, Otis Kenley Wolfe Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

Angular momentum will be defined below for material bodies and in Chapter II for electromagnetic radiation. The transfer of angular momentum from either of these to the other can conceivably be detected and measured. In this chapter there is a general discussion of the problem. Details in history and theory along with the definition of angular momentum for electromagnetic radiation will be presented in the next two chapters.

The Geology Of The Eldorado Mining District, Clark County, Nevada, Spenst M. Hansen

Doctoral Dissertations

The rocks of the Eldorado mining district, Clark County, Nevada, are of Precambrian, Tertiary and Quaternary age. Precambrian rocks include a heterogeneous series of gneisses and schists, younger garnetiferous granite gneiss and a youngest group of pegmatites. Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks present in surrounding areas are absent in the district and Tertiary volcanics lie directly on the Pre- cambrian basement. Tertiary rocks consist of middle to late Tertiary flows and pyroclastic beds of andesite, basalt and rhyolite. These are assigned to three volcanic formations: the Patsy Mine volcanics; the Golden Door volcanics; and the Mount Davis volcanics. The Patsy Mine …

Mineral Paragenesis And Trace Element Distribution In The Tri-State Zinc-Lead District Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Richard D. Hagni

Doctoral Dissertations

"A review of the literature pertaining to the mineral paragenesis and trace element distribution in the Tri-State zinc-lead district of Missouri, Kansas, and Oklahoma revealed inconsistencies in observation and in interpretation and divergent hypotheses regarding the origin of the ores. In an attempt to reconcile the data collected by many investigators over nearly three-quarters of a century, the writer observed working faces in 37 mines, collected over 2,000 specimens for binocular examination and prepared and studied 110 polished surfaces and 60 thin sections of the ores and associated rocks utilizing mineralographic, petrographic, and x-ray techniques. This detailed study resulted in …

Flame Photometric Studies: Part A: Studies Of The Extraction And Flame Emission Of Yttrium; Part B: Droplet Size Of Aerosols In Flame Photometry; Part C: Studies Of The Reaction Zone Of An Oxygen­ Acetylene Flame, William Joseph Carnes

Doctoral Dissertations

Although the flame spectrum of yttrium has been well defined in previous work, very little information was available in regard to the effect of spectral and radiation interferences, other than the rare earths, upon the emission of yttrium. Information regarding the optimum conditions for the flame-photometric determination of yttrium was lack­ing also. The main objective of this phase of work was clarification of these points. Development of a suitable method of analysis for yttrium was also considered.

Some Reactions Of Phenothiazine And Certain Benzophenothiazines, John Charles Gilmer

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary

The consideration of the medical importance of phenothiazine derivatives and the known cancer chemotherapeutic value of the nitrogen mustards made the synthesis of some nitrogen mustard derivatives of the phenothiazines of particular interest. In the course of this research the N-{2-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]ethyl} derivatives of phenothiazine, 7H-benzo[c]phenothiazine, 7H-dibenzo[c, h] phenothiazine, and 14H-dibenzo[a, h] phenothiazine were synthesized for anticancer evaluation. Also submitted to the Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center for testing were the N-(2-chloroethyl) monofunctional nitrogen mustard derivatives of the first three phenothiazines mentioned above.

A Study Of Catalytic Reactions On Semiconductors: Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange And Formic Acid Decomposition On Chemically-Doped Germanium, George Edward Moore

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary: Rates and activation energies for the hydrogen-deuterium exchange and formic acid vapor decomposition were measured on a series of chemically-doped germanium catalyst over the temperature range 100° to 400°. The germanium catalyst were intrinsic, and n or p-type extrinsic semiconductors; the position of the Fermi level of the solid was located suitably on the forbidden energy gap.

Kinetic parameters of the exchange and decomposition reactions were related to the Fermi level (electronic chemical potential) of the solid. Their dependence suggested that the rate-limiting processes involved electronic charge shifts between adsorbate and semiconductor.

Two different rate processes appeared to …

Coulomb Excitation With Heavy Ions, Rogers Charles Ritter

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary: The work for this thesis began with a study, on the ORNL 200-kev Cockcroft-Walton, of the possible use of the radio frequency ion source for multiply charged heavy ion production. When the results of this seemed unfavorable for the intended research, a PIG type ion source was designed and tested. It was capable of supplying usable quantities of Ne³⁺ ions, and was installed and used in the ORNL 5.5 Mv Van de Graaff accelerator.

Multiply-charged components from the PIG source were not as copious as those from several larger PIG sources that had been reported as having been …

Competitive Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Benzene, Toluene, And The Polymethylbenzenes On Platinium, Charles Phillip Rader

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: This investigation embraced a comparison of the relative rates of hydrogenation on platinum of benzene and several of its methyl-substituted derivatives with their relative strengths of adsorption on the active spots of the catalyst surface. It consisted of the determination of the rate of reduction of the individual hydrocarbons and a variety of their binary mixtures. Its ultimate goal was to aid in the elucidation of the mechanism by which the benzene nucleus accepts hydrogen on a platinum surface.

The Theoretical Analysis Of Vibrations Of Chain Molecules, Suc Kyuen Suh

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: In this dissertation we shall be concerned with the vibrational spectra of large chain molecules.

Operational Characteristics Of A Fission Gas Detector, Raymond Curtis Lee

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: One of the major problems associated with the operation of nuclear reactors is the radioactivity hazard caused by the release of fission products from the fuel. In a solid-fuel reactor, the uranium is usually present in an allow or in the form of UO₂, either in the pure state or mixed with other oxides which improve the thermal and mechanical properties of the material. As the fuel material undergoes fission in the reactor, radioactive fission products are produced. If they were not prevented from doing so, these fission products would diffuse out of the fuel material, enter …

The Carrier-Recombination Behavior And Annealing Properties Of Radiation-Induced Recombination Centers In Germanium, Orlie Lindsey Curtis Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

An investigation has been made of the carrier-recombination behavior and annealing properties of radiation-induced recombination centers in germanium. In order to analyze the recombination behavior, it has been necessary to treat the problem of recombination in the presence of trapping. A model which explains the experimental results in both n- and p-type material for various sorts of irradiation is presented. On the basis of this model, recombination occurs at an energy level 0.36 ev above the valence band in gamma-irradiated, n- type germanium. The position of this level is shifted slightly downward for neutron-irradiated material. An energy level apparently present …

Electromagnetic Production Of Pion Pairs, Clayton D. Zerby

Doctoral Dissertations

The Pauli-Weisskopf theory of electromagnetic production of pion pairs has been a subject of interest in various connections for many years. Recently new interest has been stimulated in the theory because pion pair production is a possible means of investigating the - interaction. This approach, which was originally suggested by Pomeranchuk, is particularly valid in view of the increase in the cross section, when the strong pion-nucleus interaction is included, over that obtained by the original theory. The purpose of this work was to study the Pauli-Weiskopf theory with the objective of including the strong pion-nucleus interaction and developing an …

Concentric Tori In The Three-Spere, Charles Henry Edwards Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

A torus is the topological product of two circles, while a solid torus is the topological product of a circle and a disk. Two solid tori B1 and B2 in the three-sphere S^3, with B2 interior to B1, are said to be concentric if and only if the closure of B1-B2 (the set of points in B1 but not in B2) is homeomorphic to the topological product of a torus and a closed interval. Two tori in S^3 are concentric if and only if they are respectively the boundaries of two concentric solid tori.

The Geology Of The Sequatchie Valley Overthrust Block, Sequatchie Valley, Tennessee, Robert Calvin Milici

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: Abbreviated

The purpose of this investigation was twofold: (1) to decipher the nature of the thrust faulting of the anticline; and, (2) to study the stratigraphy of the Paleozoic formations of the Sequatchie Valley.

Part A: Studies Of Organic Solvent Enhancements In Flame Photometry; Part B: Studies Of The Extraction And Flame Emission Of Magnesium, Jack Hudgens Knox

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary

The present investigation has been concerned with the study of several parameters which influence the flame photometric emission of elements in an effort to elucidate the nature of the intensifications observed with organic solvents. Parameters such as flames temperature, OH band intensity, ionization, sample flow rate, and the emission intensities of different elements in different solvents have been studied.

Metal-Metal Ion Exchange Of Mercury And Some Amalgams, Richard Charles Legendre

Doctoral Dissertations

Proposed Problem

The objective of this research was to investigate the behavior of metal ions in aqueous solution in their exchange with atoms of the same metal, but where the metallic phase would be in the liquid state.

Research along these lines but involving solid metallic phases has demonstrated that the exchangeability of an ion with a solid metal probably depends on the ability of the metal to re-form its surfaces when in contact with these solutions. A preceding section has reported on the sensitivity of exchange to any of the various processes that can affect the nature of the …

Gas Chromatography Of Hydrogen-Deuterium Mixtures, Paul Payson Hunt

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: In recent years the gas chromatographic method has found widespread applications, chiefly for analytical purposes. This method is principally employed for the separation, identification, and quantitative determination of volatile compounds. It is potentially of great value for the quantitative determination of mixtures of the hydrogen isotopes. The development of a rapid, convenient, and inexpensive method for the analysis of the hydrogen isotopes would be a valuable addition to many laboratories, especially those where a mass spectrograph is unavailable. This problem was undertaken in an attempt to develop further the chromatographic method for the separation and quantitative determination of hydrogen …

Studies Of Surface Films Formed By Adsorption Of Polar Organic Molecules On Activated Metal Surfaces, Roy Leo Bennett

Doctoral Dissertations

The investigation of adsorption has been a valuable aid in under­ standing the properties of metal surfaces. The surface of a metal differs from the interior of the material due to unsatisfied valence forces which impart an affinity for adsorbed materials. This high sur­face energy is illustrated by the fact that when two clean metal sur­faces are placed in contact, that is, when there is no intervening adsorbed film, cold welding results. The resulting bond is equivalent to the bonding in the rest of the metal. This has been demonstrated by Bowden and Young,l who showed that mere contact of …

Groups And Algebraicity In Complete Rank Rings, Robert James Smith

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: It is well known that many of the results in classical linear algebra have an unequivocal extension to the more general situation when the scalars are drawn from an arbitrary division ring K. There are, however, three distinct theories of determinants for matrices over a division ring. One of these, originated by Study, "apples only to very particular non-communicative fields and to matrices of special type" (Dieudonne) and will not concern us here. The remaining two, one due to Ore and the other due to Dieudonne, reflect together, if not separately, the basic properties of the classical determinant. The …

An In Situ Method For Alteration Of Catalytic Activity By Generation Of A Reactant On The Surface Of The Catalyst, Clyde Dunn Alley

Doctoral Dissertations

In many researches dealing with catalysis there are properties of the catalyst that are attributed to the effect of hydrogen on the surface of the catalyst. The interpretations of the effect of hydrogen on the catalyst surface range from statements which indicate that surface hydrogen is necessary for the reactions to proceed to statements that surface hydrogen is a poison on the reaction. A clearly interpreted picture of the role of hydrogen at the present time is not available.

Rearrangements Of The Benzilic Acid Type; Preparation And Use Of Dialkali Metal Adducts Of Aromatic Ketones., Stanley Selman

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: The benzilic acid rearrangement is the base-catalyzed transformation of an α-diketone to the salt of an α-hydroxy acid. This rearrangement can be effected in aromatic, semi-aromatic (o-quinones), in alicyclic, and aliphatic, as well as in heterocyclic α-diketones. Examples of the rearrangement in the above type compounds are illustrated in equations 1-6.

The Geology Of The Flag Pond Quadrangle, Tennessee-North Carolina, Ebraham Shekarchi

Doctoral Dissertations

Purpose and Scope of the Investigation:

Several workers, as indicated in the following section, have commented upon the geology of the Flag Pond Quadrangle, but none have mapped or studied the area in detail--nor indeed, much of the adjacent region. Consequently, the purpose of this investigation is to obtain a comprehensive picture of the geology of the quadrangle.

The geology of the quadrangle is divisible into two natural units or parts, each with problems unique unto itself. The first of these units is the crystalline complex, the second is the sedimentary sequence which rests upon the crystalline rocks. The purpose …

Part I: The Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Nitro Compounds Over Supported Rhodium In Acetic Acid; Part Ii: The Exchange Of Deuterium Gas And Methanol In The Presence Of Raney Nickel, Burch Byron Stewart

Doctoral Dissertations

An improved effusiometry apparatus for analyzing hydrogen and deuterium mixtures was constructed and utilized to study the exchange reaction of deuterium with methanol over Raney nickel catalyst.

The exchange reaction was zero order with respect to deuterium pressure and pseudo-zero order with respect to methanol concentration. The apparent activation energy was found to be 3.5 kcal./mole. The specific reaction rate was 2.9 1. mm. min.^-1 g.^-1.

The effects of nitro compounds upon the exchange of deuterium with methanol over Raney nickel were studied. All of the compounds decreased the exchange at very low concentrations and all, except …

Part I: A Study Of The Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Hydroxybenzenes Over Plantinum And Rhodium Catalysts; Part Ii: The Kinetics Of The Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis Of The Dimethyl Esters Of Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acids, Billy Lee Stump

Doctoral Dissertations

Summary: The dimethyl esters of isometric 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-cyclo-hexanedicarboxylic acids have been prepared and the rates of their acid catalyzed hydrolyses in 70 per cent acetone have been determined. All hydrolysis reactions wre run at four temperatures, 25°, 35°, 45°, and 55°. The rate constants for the hydrolyses at each of these temperatures, along with the activation energies for the reactions, have been tabulated in Table IV.

The rates of hydrolysis of the cis-1,3 and trans-1,4 diesters were found to be almost identical. Similarly, the reaction rates of the trans-1,3 and cis-1,4 diesters were found …

Topological Groupoids, Ronson J. Warne

Doctoral Dissertations

A groupoid is a set G in which a single valued product ab is defined for every pair of elements a, b ε G. If G is a groupoid and at the same time a Hausdorff topological space, and, moreover, the multiplication in the groupoid G is continuous in the topological space G, then G is called a topological groupoid. Our aim in this dissertation is two-fold: (1) to study topological groupoids for their own sake; (2) to investigate the relation of certain topological properties to associativity. We note, in relation to the first motif, that many authors have dealt …

Molecular Force Fields Of Ethylene, Allene, Formaldehyde, Ketene, And Diazomethane, Charles Edward Bailey

Doctoral Dissertations

Infrared and Raman spectra furnish one of the most powerful methods for studying the internal forces which act in molecules. The vibrational frequencies which are obtained from a study of the spectra are functions of the geometry and masses, which determine the kinetic energy of the system, and of the forces acting in the molecule, which determine the potential energy of the system. Therefore, if the geometry of a molecule is known, the vibrational frequencies of the molecule can be used to ob­tain information concerning the forces acting during the motions.

Preparation Of Compounds Of Potential Physiological Activity: Amino Esters Of Substituted Benzilic, Glycolic And Acetic Acids And Related Compounds, Kumbla Vittal Nayak

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: Medicinal chemistry is one of the areas of scientific endeavor which has been achieving increasing importance during the last two decades. It tends to become more and more the study of the chemical reactions between therapeutic agents and living tissues. In 1940 practically nothing was known about the processes by which drugs produce their effect, how they react with protoplasm and how they are in turn modified, detoxified, metabolized, or eliminated by living organisms. Appreciable progress in this direction is now being made.

Recent advances in such a field are by no means defined. Countless drugs have been introduced …