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Articles 691 - 720 of 4194
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Spatial Analyses Of Gray Fossil Site Vertebrate Remains: Implications For Depositional Setting And Site Formation Processes, David Carney
Spatial Analyses Of Gray Fossil Site Vertebrate Remains: Implications For Depositional Setting And Site Formation Processes, David Carney
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This project uses exploratory 3D geospatial analyses to assess the taphonomy of the Gray Fossil Site (GFS). During the Pliocene, the GFS was a forested, inundated sinkhole that accumulated biological materials between 4.9-4.5 mya. This deposit contains fossils exhibiting different preservation modes: from low energy lacustrine settings to high energy colluvial deposits. All macro-paleontological materials have been mapped in situ using survey-grade instrumentation. Vertebrate skeletal material from the site is well-preserved, but the degree of skeletal articulation varies spatially within the deposit. This analysis uses geographic information systems (GIS) to analyze the distribution of mapped specimens at different spatial scales. …
Partially Oriented 6-Star Decomposition Of Some Complete Mixed Graphs, Kazeem A. Kosebinu
Partially Oriented 6-Star Decomposition Of Some Complete Mixed Graphs, Kazeem A. Kosebinu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Let $M_v$ denotes a complete mixed graph on $v$ vertices, and let $S_6^i$ denotes the partial orientation of the 6-star with twice as many arcs as edges. In this work, we state and prove the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of $\lambda$-fold decomposition of a complete mixed graph into $S_6^i$ for $i\in\{1,2,3,4\}$. We used the difference method for our proof in some cases. We also give some general sufficient conditions for the existence of $S_6^i$-decomposition of the complete bipartite mixed graph for $i\in\{1,2,3,4\}$. Finally, this work introduces the decomposition of a complete mixed graph with a hole into …
Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Fiber Ultramicroelectrodes As Electrochemical Sensors For Detection Of Hydrogen Peroxide, Eric Wornyo
Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Fiber Ultramicroelectrodes As Electrochemical Sensors For Detection Of Hydrogen Peroxide, Eric Wornyo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Carbon fiber ultramicroelectrodes (CF-UMEs) are commonly used as electrochemical probes and sensors due to their small size, fast response, and high signal-to-noise ratio. Surface modification strategies are often employed on CF-UMEs to improve their selectivity and sensitivity for desired applications. However, many modification methods are cumbersome and require expensive equipment. In this study, a simple approach known as soft nitriding is used to prepare nitrogen-doped CF-UMEs (N-CF-UMEs). Nitrogen groups introduced via soft nitriding act as electrocatalytic sites for the breakage of O-O bonds during the reduction of peroxides like H2O2, a common target of biosensing strategies. …
An Electrochemical Immunoassay System For Measuring Circulating Protein Biomarkers Of Pediatric Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Ivy Antwi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Measurement of circulating protein biomarkers associated with disease can facilitate early detection, help guide treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes beyond current standards of care. The combination of inexpensive 3D-printed flow cells and electrochemical biosensors has recently emerged as a viable platform for low-cost, reliable biomarker measurements. Here, we report an electrochemical immunoassay system based on simple graphite electrode arrays, 3D-printed flow cells, and signal-generating magnetic bead bioconjugates for simultaneous detection of three biomarker proteins (cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), midkine (MK) and osteopontin (OPN)) associated with pediatric soft tissue sarcomas (PSTS). Magnetic bead bioconjugates are functionalized with large amounts of …
Empirical Performance Evaluation Of Consensus Algorithms In Permissioned Blockchain Platforms, Shiv Sondhi
Empirical Performance Evaluation Of Consensus Algorithms In Permissioned Blockchain Platforms, Shiv Sondhi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Over the past decade or so, blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) have steadily made their way into the mainstream media. As a result, new blockchain platforms and protocols are emerging rapidly. However, the performance of the resultant systems, and their resilience in hostile network environments is as yet not clearly understood. This thesis proposes a methodology to compare these platforms (specifically permissioned platforms) - and analyze the role of consensus protocols in determining system performance. It studies system performance in the face of network faults and varying loads, and also provides a qualitative analysis of each shortlisted platform. The …
Structural, Vibrational And Transport Properties Of Novel Complex Systems., Bhupendra Man Shing Karki
Structural, Vibrational And Transport Properties Of Novel Complex Systems., Bhupendra Man Shing Karki
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Electron correlation effects in quantum materials are very strong. It is critical to investigate the structure of quantum materials to better understand and manipulate their physical properties. Quantum effects are prominent at the atomic microscopic length scale, which can not be examined by average long range structural measurements using traditional diffraction methods. Instead, pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, a local structure probe, can effectively unveil the mystery of local structure, which is more sensitive to local behavior than bulk average features. The first section of my dissertation will concentrate on the local structural study of the Iron oxy-chalcogenides, {\cSSe}, which …
Electrochemical Characterization Of Surface-Immobilized Metal Nanostructures: Stability, Atomic Level Doping, Catalysis, And Sensing Applications., Badri Prasad Mainali
Electrochemical Characterization Of Surface-Immobilized Metal Nanostructures: Stability, Atomic Level Doping, Catalysis, And Sensing Applications., Badri Prasad Mainali
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation has two main themes. The first theme involves voltammetric analysis of the stability of Au nanoparticles (NPs) under electrochemical and thermal treatment as a function of size, ligand stabilizer, and atomic composition. The second theme involves the use of Au NPs, electrophoretic deposition (EPD), and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) for electrochemical detection of analytes. The electrochemical size stability of 4.1, 15.1, and 50.3 nm average diameter Au NPs upon treatment with multiple electrochemical oxidation-reduction cycling in acidic electrolyte is monitored by observing changes in the peak oxidation potential (Ep) in ASV and the electrochemically measured surface …
The Effects Of Prescribed Burning On Soil Water Infiltration Rates And Other Select Soil Physical And Chemical Properties In East Texas, Cassady Pennington Dunson, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth Farrish, Tyson Hart
The Effects Of Prescribed Burning On Soil Water Infiltration Rates And Other Select Soil Physical And Chemical Properties In East Texas, Cassady Pennington Dunson, Brian P. Oswald, Kenneth Farrish, Tyson Hart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study focused on whether prescribed burning affects soil physical and chemical properties, especially water infiltration, in Western Gulf Coast forests. Soil water infiltration rates were measured 1) pre-burn (before the fire), 2) post-burn (one month after the fire), and 3) at vegetation green-up (three months after the fire). Soil samples were also collected to determine the effects of prescribed burning on soil pH, bulk density, particle density, pore space, soil strength, O-horizon weight and depth (organic matter), water stable aggregates, and soil fertility. This project was conducted on two different burn intervals. The National Forests and Grasslands of Texas …
Synthesis Of Flagellin 22 As A Probe For Plant Signaling And Molecular Trafficking Towards Improved Crops, Edward Offei
Synthesis Of Flagellin 22 As A Probe For Plant Signaling And Molecular Trafficking Towards Improved Crops, Edward Offei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Plant signaling involves the transport of information within and between plant cells from receptors to effectors. Plants are affected by biotic and abiotic stress conditions like insect attack and extreme temperatures, respectively, which cause disease, the induction of senescence and the reduction of crop yield. To improve plant traits for feed, fiber, and energy applications, it is critical to understand the short- and long-range signaling mechanisms plants use to control growth, biomass composition, senescence and responses to environmental stresses. It is known that many plant signaling molecules have profound effects on plants, through mechanisms that remain largely obscure. A key …
Isotopic Analysis And Mobility Mapping Of Mammuthus Columbi From The Mammoth Site In South Dakota, Matthew Harrington
Isotopic Analysis And Mobility Mapping Of Mammuthus Columbi From The Mammoth Site In South Dakota, Matthew Harrington
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Mammoth Site in Hot Springs, South Dakota preserves a unique death assemblage of sub-adult and adult male Columbian mammoths (Mammuthus columbi). Extensive work on the site has led to a detailed understanding of the taphonomy of the assemblage; yet the life histories and ecology of these mammoths remain relatively unknown. Tooth enamel from four Mammoth Site mammoth individuals were bulk sampled with one of the individuals (MSL 742) also serially micro-sampled for 𝛿13C, 𝛿18O, and 87Sr/86Sr. Isotopic results indicate that MSL 742 remained within the southern and western Black Hills …
Prediction Intervals: The Effects And Identification Of Sparse Regions For Nonparametric Regression Methods, Jackson Faires
Prediction Intervals: The Effects And Identification Of Sparse Regions For Nonparametric Regression Methods, Jackson Faires
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this work, we provide an overview of different nonparametric methods for prediction interval estimation and investigate how well they perform when making predictions in sparse regions of the predictor space. This sparsity is an extension to the more common concept of extrapolation in linear regression settings. Using simulation studies, we show that coverage probabilities using prediction intervals from quantile k-nearest neighbors and quantile random forest can be biased to low or too high from the nominal level under various situations of sparsity. We also introduce a test that can be used to see if a new data point lies …
Host-Microbiome Interactions: Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha) Gut Immune Function And Bacterial Community Composition, Farwa Zaib
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Population divergence through selection can drive local adaptation, which has implications for effectively restoring declining and extirpated populations. Salmonid species provide an excellent model system to explore locally adapted traits as they are reproductively isolated and experience diverse environments. Here we focused on integrated immune function, which is affected by variation in host genetics and gene transcription as well as gut microbiome (bacterial community) variation. Furthermore, we explore interactions between host gut gene transcription levels and bacterial community composition to test co-adaptation of the host and its microbiome. In chapter 2, we utilized a factorial breeding design to determine the …
Investigations Of Elastin Recoil On Molecular And Macroscopic Levels., Nour Mohammad Jamhawi
Investigations Of Elastin Recoil On Molecular And Macroscopic Levels., Nour Mohammad Jamhawi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Elastin is one of the most hydrophobic proteins, and it is extremely flexible when hydrated. The driving force for recoil is the decrease in entropy of the protein and/or the hydrating solvent. This dissertation is a study of both mechanisms. Following an introduction (Chapter 1), Chapters 2 and 3 investigate the recoil mechanism on the molecular level in the hydrating solvent and in the protein, respectively. Chapter 4 examines macroscopic properties of recoil by thermomechanics. Conclusions are discussed in Chapter 5. Using double quantum NMR, the deuterated water ordering at the elastin surface was studied quantitatively as a function of …
Micellar Nanocatalysis For Efficient Reactions., Uyen T Duong
Micellar Nanocatalysis For Efficient Reactions., Uyen T Duong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Water is considered a green, sustainable, and inexpensive solvent for organic synthesis. However, performing organic reactions in water is especially challenging due to the inherent insolubility of substrates and catalysts. Inspired from Nature, where chemistry happens in water, micellar catalysis has recently gained much attention, especially for applications in pharmaceutical industry. Aqueous micelles are generally formed by amphiphile`s self-aggregation, a particular class of molecules possessing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components. The aqueous micelle contains a hydrophobic cavity, which allows the lipophilic substrates and catalyst to go inside micelles, allowing their much higher localized concentration that enhances the reaction rates and …
Recent Studies On The Synthesis Of Medicinal Molecules., Paige Monsen
Recent Studies On The Synthesis Of Medicinal Molecules., Paige Monsen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Medicinal chemistry interfaces synthetic organic chemistry, natural product chemistry and chemical biology, with a goal of yielding therapeutic agents. Natural products or compounds derived from natural sources such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, are often biologically active and render that compound a likely drug lead. For thousands of years humankind has utilized natural products for medicinal purposes and consequently scientists take advantage of both these compounds’ core structural characteristics and their modes of actions on selected targets as inspiration to develop therapeutics. Because the total synthesis of such complex molecules can be cumbersome and expensive, semi-synthetic methods on isolated natural …
Develop A Multi-Functional Green Pervious Concrete (Mgpc) Pavement With Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) Removal Function., Hong Shang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stormwater runoff induced Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminant increasingly imperils the groundwater quality and the sustainable development of human society due to the potential carcinogenic risks. Pavement can be considered as the first line of defense for contaminant removal of the stormwater runoff. New construction materials with stormwater runoff quantity and quality control are in urgent demand for updating the existing pavement system. An innovative material called Multi-functional Green Pervious Concrete (MGPC) was developed in the department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at University of Louisville. This material uses organoclay as the amendment to enhance the PAHs removal capacity of …
Signal Fingerprinting And Machine Learning Framework For Uav Detection And Identification., Olusiji Oloruntobi Medaiyese
Signal Fingerprinting And Machine Learning Framework For Uav Detection And Identification., Olusiji Oloruntobi Medaiyese
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Advancement in technology has led to creative and innovative inventions. One such invention includes unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs (also known as drones) are now an intrinsic part of our society because their application is becoming ubiquitous in every industry ranging from transportation and logistics to environmental monitoring among others. With the numerous benign applications of UAVs, their emergence has added a new dimension to privacy and security issues. There are little or no strict regulations on the people that can purchase or own a UAV. For this reason, nefarious actors can take advantage of these aircraft to intrude into …
Multilateration Index., Chip Lynch
Multilateration Index., Chip Lynch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We present an alternative method for pre-processing and storing point data, particularly for Geospatial points, by storing multilateration distances to fixed points rather than coordinates such as Latitude and Longitude. We explore the use of this data to improve query performance for some distance related queries such as nearest neighbor and query-within-radius (i.e. “find all points in a set P within distance d of query point q”). Further, we discuss the problem of “Network Adequacy” common to medical and communications businesses, to analyze questions such as “are at least 90% of patients living within 50 miles of a covered emergency …
Lightweight Mutual Authentication And Privacy Preservation Schemes For Iot Systems., Samah Mansour
Lightweight Mutual Authentication And Privacy Preservation Schemes For Iot Systems., Samah Mansour
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Internet of Things (IoT) presents a holistic and transformative approach for providing services in different domains. IoT creates an atmosphere of interaction between humans and the surrounding physical world through various technologies such as sensors, actuators, and the cloud. Theoretically, when everything is connected, everything is at risk. The rapid growth of IoT with the heterogeneous devices that are connected to the Internet generates new challenges in protecting and preserving user’s privacy and ensuring the security of our lives. IoT systems face considerable challenges in deploying robust authentication protocols because some of the IoT devices are resource-constrained with limited computation …
Synthesis, Characterization, And Catalytic Activity Of Functionalized Metal Bis(Thiosemicarbazones)., Caleb Aaron Calvary
Synthesis, Characterization, And Catalytic Activity Of Functionalized Metal Bis(Thiosemicarbazones)., Caleb Aaron Calvary
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Bis-(thiosemicarbazones) are a class of ligands that have found a wide range of uses from electrocatalysts to medicinal and diagnostic reagents. These ligands contain a diimine backbone, N2S2 chelating core, and pendent amines. In order to further explore this class of ligands, the previously underreported transamination reaction, which exchanges one pendent amine group for another, was utilized to create several derivatives using aliphatic and aromatic amines. The transamination reaction is appealing alternative to making the desired thiosemicarbazide. Further appeals come from the fact that it is a one-pot reaction that gives highly pure products in good yields. …
High-Density Parking For Autonomous Vehicles., Parag J. Siddique
High-Density Parking For Autonomous Vehicles., Parag J. Siddique
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In a common parking lot, much of the space is devoted to lanes. Lanes must not be blocked for one simple reason: a blocked car might need to leave before the car that blocks it. However, the advent of autonomous vehicles gives us an opportunity to overcome this constraint, and to achieve a higher storage capacity of cars. Taking advantage of self-parking and intelligent communication systems of autonomous vehicles, we propose puzzle-based parking, a high-density design for a parking lot. We introduce a novel method of vehicle parking, which leads to maximum parking density. We then propose a heuristic method …
Intercalation And High Pressure Studies Of Black Phosphorous - Pathways To Novel Materials And Physics., Manthila Chathurange Rajapakse
Intercalation And High Pressure Studies Of Black Phosphorous - Pathways To Novel Materials And Physics., Manthila Chathurange Rajapakse
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Discovery of graphene in 2004 initiated a new trend of materials known as two-dimensional (2D) materials which have exciting surface properties and anisotropies than their bulk counterparts. Phosphorene, which is the layered version of black phosphorous (BP) is one of the top 2D materials in terms of research interests and applications of the present day. Moving a step further, our interest is to understand the possibilities for structural modifications of phosphorene, by means of stimuli such as intercalation and high-pressure. It has been predicted by theoretical studies that these stimuli may lead to the formation of new structures and phases …
Bayesian Variable Selection Strategies In Longitudinal Mixture Models And Categorical Regression Problems., Md Nazir Uddin
Bayesian Variable Selection Strategies In Longitudinal Mixture Models And Categorical Regression Problems., Md Nazir Uddin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this work, we seek to develop a variable screening and selection method for Bayesian mixture models with longitudinal data. To develop this method, we consider data from the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) conducted by University of Michigan. Considering yearly out-of-pocket expenditures as the longitudinal response variable, we consider a Bayesian mixture model with $K$ components. The data consist of a large collection of demographic, financial, and health-related baseline characteristics, and we wish to find a subset of these that impact cluster membership. An initial mixture model without any cluster-level predictors is fit to the data through an MCMC …
Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics And Lipidomics., Fang Yuan
Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics And Lipidomics., Fang Yuan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metabolomics and lipidomics studies are important to understand living organisms at the molecular level. In this dissertation, I conducted various untargeted and targeted metabolomics and lipidomics studies using mass spectrometry based analytical platforms. Firstly, I investigated the androgen depletion effects on fecal metabolites in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus and metabolite biomarkers for colorectal cancer using two-dimensional gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Secondly, I investigated the relationship between gut microbiota-mediated resistance and susceptibility to malaria and the production of short-chain fatty acids using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Thirdly, I developed a high-throughput liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method to profile long-chain …
Photophysics Of Substituted [1,4]Benzodioxino[3,2-B]Oxanthrene (Bdo) Chromophores And Their Macromolecules: A Spectroscopy And Density Functional Theory Study., Abdelqader M. Jamhawi
Photophysics Of Substituted [1,4]Benzodioxino[3,2-B]Oxanthrene (Bdo) Chromophores And Their Macromolecules: A Spectroscopy And Density Functional Theory Study., Abdelqader M. Jamhawi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Chromophores and macromolecules containing [1,4]benzodioxino[3,2-b]oxanthrene (BDO) has attracted attention since the beginning of this century. Previous studies demonstrated their potential in wide range of applications including gas permeability, hydrogen and energy storage, sensing, and catalysis. Better understanding of the geometrical and electronic structure characteristics of BOD-based chromophores is vital to advance their employment in these applications. This work utilizes spectroscopy techniques coupled with density functional theory methods to provide this required understanding. Substituted BDOs exhibit red-shift of >1 eV in their electronic transitions compared to unsubstituted BDOs. This shift is explained by a molecular orbital reorganization induced by the substituents. …
Micelles And Lipid Nanoparticles: Catalysis And Biomedical Application., Faisal Ibrahim
Micelles And Lipid Nanoparticles: Catalysis And Biomedical Application., Faisal Ibrahim
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
RNA-based therapeutics is a rapidly expanding field due to its enormous potential for treatment of diseases through knockdown of genes or expression of therapeutic proteins. However, due to the overall negative-charge of an RNA molecule, RNA-based therapeutics must rely on delivery systems to overcome the various biological barriers for ultimate release of an RNA payload into the cytosol. Over the past three decades, the development of lipid-based RNA delivery systems, especially lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), have been comprehensively studied due to their unique properties. LNPs represent the most widely used delivery systems for RNA-based therapeutics, as evidenced by the clinical approvals …
Social Network Analysis: A Machine Learning Approach, Bonaventure Chidube Molokwu
Social Network Analysis: A Machine Learning Approach, Bonaventure Chidube Molokwu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Social Network Analysis (SNA) is an appealing research topic, within the domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI), owing to its widespread application in the real world. In this dissertation, we have proposed effective Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) approaches toward resolving these open problems with regard to SNA, viz: Breakup Prediction, Link Prediction, Node Classification, Event-based Analysis, and Trend/Pattern Analysis. SNA can be employed toward resolving several real-world problems; and ML as well as DL have proven to be very effective methodologies for accomplishing Artificial Intelligence (AI)- related goals. Existing literature have focused on studying the apparent and latent …
Implementing Of Phase Potentiation Program With College Triathletes, David Fish
Implementing Of Phase Potentiation Program With College Triathletes, David Fish
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an in-season resistance training program on improving measures of strength in female collegiate triathletes. Nine females (age = 19.2 ± 1.1 years, height = 166.5 ± 12.5 cm, body mass = 61.1 ± 9 kg) with limited resistance training experience were examined for this study. Formal RT intervention was monitored for 7 weeks with the athletes being assigned 6 weeks of independent RT prior to the pre-test. Athletes completed a standardized athlete monitoring program pre and post resistance training intervention. Paired sample t-tests were used to determine differences …
Predictive Modeling Of Clinical Outcomes For Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients Utilizing Cytof And Clinical Data., Onajia Stubblefield
Predictive Modeling Of Clinical Outcomes For Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients Utilizing Cytof And Clinical Data., Onajia Stubblefield
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus initiated a global pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that causes the disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Symptoms of infection with COVID-19 vary widely between individuals. While some infected individuals are asymptomatic, others need more extensive care and require hospitalization. Indeed, the COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by a shortage of hospital beds which presented additional complications in providing adequate care for patients. In this study, we used a combination of T cell population data collected from mass cytometry analysis and clinical markers to form a predictive …
Comparison Of Land Use And Flowslide Incidence In Palu Valley Following The 2018 Mw 7.5 Palu-Donggala Earthquake, Peta C. Fifield
Comparison Of Land Use And Flowslide Incidence In Palu Valley Following The 2018 Mw 7.5 Palu-Donggala Earthquake, Peta C. Fifield
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The September 28 Mw 7.5 Palu-Donggala earthquake in Indonesia was the deadliest natural disaster in 2018. Five flowslides on the eastern side of Palu Valley, which were attributed to the substantial majority of deaths and economic losses in the region, occurred due to liquefaction of naturally dry alluvial deposits in gently sloping ground (2 to 6%). The requisite conditions for soil liquefaction are the presence of loose granular sediments and full saturation. Instigation of these catastrophic ground failures were linked to artificial saturation by an unlined agricultural irrigation canal. From a civil engineering perspective, the Palu ground failures on the …