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Faculty Publications

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Articles 931 - 960 of 3783

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Ergodicity For The 3d Stochastic Navier-Stokes Equations Perturbed By Lévy Noise, Manil T. Mohan, K. Sakthivel, Sivaguru S. Sritharan May 2019

Ergodicity For The 3d Stochastic Navier-Stokes Equations Perturbed By Lévy Noise, Manil T. Mohan, K. Sakthivel, Sivaguru S. Sritharan

Faculty Publications

In this work we construct a Markov family of martingale solutions for 3D stochastic Navier–Stokes equations (SNSE) perturbed by Lévy noise with periodic boundary conditions. Using the Kolmogorov equations of integrodifferential type associated with the SNSE perturbed by Lévy noise, we construct a transition semigroup and establish the existence of a unique invariant measure. We also show that it is ergodic and strongly mixing.
Abstract © Wiley.

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A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, A.E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, J. Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, N. Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, X. Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, J.D. Azoulay May 2019

A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, A.E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, J. Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, N. Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, X. Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, J.D. Azoulay

Faculty Publications

Interest in high-spin organic materials is driven by opportunities to enable far-reaching fundamental science and develop technologies that integrate light element spin, magnetic, and quantum functionalities. Although extensively studied, the intrinsic instability of these materials complicates synthesis and precludes an understanding of how fundamental properties associated with the nature of the chemical bond and electron pairing in organic materials systems manifest in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a conjugated polymer semiconductor, based on alternating cyclopentadithiophene and thiadiazoloquinoxaline units, that is a ground-state triplet in its neutral form. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements are consistent with a high-to-low spin …

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A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, Alex E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, Joshua Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, Naresh Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, Xiaodan Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, Jason D. Azoulay May 2019

A High-Spin Ground-State Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Polymer, Alex E. London, H. Chen, M.A. Sabuj, Joshua Tropp, M. Saghayezhian, Naresh Eedugurala, B.A. Zhang, Y. Liu, Xiaodan Gu, B.M. Wong, N. Rai, M.K. Bowman, Jason D. Azoulay

Faculty Publications

Interest in high-spin organic materials is driven by opportunities to enable far-reaching fundamental science and develop technologies that integrate light element spin, magnetic, and quantum functionalities. Although extensively studied, the intrinsic instability of these materials complicates synthesis and precludes an understanding of how fundamental properties associated with the nature of the chemical bond and electron pairing in organic materials systems manifest in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a conjugated polymer semiconductor, based on alternating cyclopentadithiophene and thiadiazoloquinoxaline units, that is a ground-state triplet in its neutral form. Electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetic susceptibility measurements are consistent with a high-to-low spin …

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Molecular Packing Control Enables Excellent Performance And Mechanical Property Of Blade-Cast All-Polymer Solar Cells, Baojun Lin, Lin Zhang, Heng Zhao, Xianbin Xu, Ke Zhou, Song Zhang, Lu Guo, Baobing Fan, Lei Zhang, Hongping Yan, Xiaodan Gu, Lei Ying, Fei Huang, Yong Cao, Wei Ma May 2019

Molecular Packing Control Enables Excellent Performance And Mechanical Property Of Blade-Cast All-Polymer Solar Cells, Baojun Lin, Lin Zhang, Heng Zhao, Xianbin Xu, Ke Zhou, Song Zhang, Lu Guo, Baobing Fan, Lei Zhang, Hongping Yan, Xiaodan Gu, Lei Ying, Fei Huang, Yong Cao, Wei Ma

Faculty Publications

All-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) are the most promising power generators for flexible and portable devices due to excellent morphology stability and outstanding mechanical property. Previous work indicates high crystallinity is beneficial to device performance but detrimental to mechanical property, therefore identifying the optimized ratio between crystalline and amorphous domains becomes important. In this work, we demonstrated highly efficient and mechanically robust all-PSCs by blade-coating technology in ambient environment based on PTzBI:N2200 system. By controlling the aggregation in solution state and ultrafast film formation process, a weakly ordered molecular packing morphology as well as small phase separation is obtained, which leads …

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Finding The Symmetry Group Of An Lp With Equality Constraints And Its Application To Classifying Orthogonal Arrays, Andrew J. Geyer, Dursun A. Bulutoglu, Kenneth J. Ryan May 2019

Finding The Symmetry Group Of An Lp With Equality Constraints And Its Application To Classifying Orthogonal Arrays, Andrew J. Geyer, Dursun A. Bulutoglu, Kenneth J. Ryan

Faculty Publications

Excerpt: For a given linear program (LP) a permutation of its variables that sends feasible points to feasible points and preserves the objective function value of each of its feasible points is a symmetry of the LP. The set of all symmetries of an LP, denoted by GLP, is the symmetry group of the LP. Margot (2010) described a method for computing a subgroup of the symmetry group GLP of an LP. This method computes GLP when the LP has only non-redundant inequalities and its feasible set satisfies no equality constraints.

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Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring Iot: The Path Loss Analysis, Abdul Salam, Syed Shah Apr 2019

Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring Iot: The Path Loss Analysis, Abdul Salam, Syed Shah

Faculty Publications

The extra quantities of wastewater entering the pipes can cause backups that result in sanitary sewer overflows. Urban underground infrastructure monitoring is important for controlling the flow of extraneous water into the pipelines. By combining the wireless underground communications and sensor solutions, the urban underground IoT applications such as real time wastewater and storm water overflow monitoring can be developed. In this paper, the path loss analysis of wireless underground communications in urban underground IoT for wastewater monitoring has been presented. It has been shown that the communication range of up to 4 kilometers can be achieved from an underground …

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Generalizing Metallocene Mechanochemistry To Ruthenocene Mechanophores, Ye Sha, Yudi Zhang, Enhua Xu, C Wayne Mcalister, Tianyu Zhu, Stephen L. Craig, Chuanbing Tang Apr 2019

Generalizing Metallocene Mechanochemistry To Ruthenocene Mechanophores, Ye Sha, Yudi Zhang, Enhua Xu, C Wayne Mcalister, Tianyu Zhu, Stephen L. Craig, Chuanbing Tang

Faculty Publications

Recent reports have shown that ferrocene displays an unexpected combination of force-free stability and mechanochemical activity, as it acts as the preferred site of chain scission along the backbone of highly extended polymer chains. This observation raises the tantalizing question as to whether similar mechanochemical activity might be present in other metallocenes, and, if so, what features of metallocenes dictate their relative ability to act as mechanophores. In this work, we elucidate polymerization methodologies towards main-chain ruthenocene-based polymers and explore the mechanochemistry of ruthenocene. We find that ruthenocene, in analogy to ferrocene, acts as a highly selective site of main …

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Short-Term Effect Of Simulated Salt Marsh Restoration By Sand-Amendment On Sediment Bacterial Communities, François Thomas, James T. Morris, Cathleen Wigand, Stefan M. Sievert Apr 2019

Short-Term Effect Of Simulated Salt Marsh Restoration By Sand-Amendment On Sediment Bacterial Communities, François Thomas, James T. Morris, Cathleen Wigand, Stefan M. Sievert

Faculty Publications

Coastal climate adaptation strategies are needed to build salt marsh resiliency and maintain critical ecosystem services in response to impacts caused by climate change. Although resident microbial communities perform crucial biogeochemical cycles for salt marsh functioning, their response to restoration practices is still understudied. One promising restoration strategy is the placement of sand or sediment onto the marsh platform to increase marsh resiliency. A previous study examined the above- and below-ground structure, soil carbon dioxide emissions, and pore water constituents in Spartina alterniflora-vegetated natural marsh sediments and sand-amended sediments at varying inundation regimes. Here, we analyzed samples from the …

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Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Probes (Lmfps) To Detect The Group 12 Metal Triad, Ashley D. Johnson, Rose M. Curtis, Karl J. Wallace Apr 2019

Low Molecular Weight Fluorescent Probes (Lmfps) To Detect The Group 12 Metal Triad, Ashley D. Johnson, Rose M. Curtis, Karl J. Wallace

Faculty Publications

Fluorescence sensing, of d-block elements such as Cu2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+ has significantly increased since the beginning of the 21st century. These particular metal ions play essential roles in biological, industrial, and environmental applications, therefore, there has been a drive to measure, detect, and remediate these metal ions. We have chosen to highlight the low molecular weight fluorescent probes (LMFPs) that undergo an optical response upon coordination with the group 12 triad (Zn2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+), as these metals have …

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Searches For Continuous Gravitational Waves From 15 Supernova Remnants And Fomalhaut B With Advanced Ligo, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, Tiffany Z. Summerscales Apr 2019

Searches For Continuous Gravitational Waves From 15 Supernova Remnants And Fomalhaut B With Advanced Ligo, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, Tiffany Z. Summerscales

Faculty Publications

© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We describe directed searches for continuous gravitational waves (GWs) from 16 well-localized candidate neutron stars, assuming none of the stars has a binary companion. The searches were directed toward 15 supernova remnants and Fomalhaut b, a directly imaged extrasolar planet candidate that has been suggested to be a nearby old neutron star. Each search covered a broad band of frequencies and first and second time derivatives. After coherently integrating spans of data from the first Advanced LIGO observing run of 3.5-53.7 days per search, applying data-based vetoes, and discounting known instrumental …

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An Underground Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Model For Digital Agriculture, Abdul Salam Apr 2019

An Underground Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Model For Digital Agriculture, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

Underground sensing and propagation of Signals in the Soil (SitS) medium is an electromagnetic issue. The path loss prediction with higher accuracy is an open research subject in digital agriculture monitoring applications for sensing and communications. The statistical data are predominantly derived from site-specific empirical measurements, which is considered an impediment to universal application. Nevertheless, in the existing literature, statistical approaches have been applied to the SitS channel modeling, where impulse response analysis and the Friis open space transmission formula are employed as the channel modeling tool in different soil types under varying soil moisture conditions at diverse communication distances …

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Growth Kinetics, Carbon Isotope Fractionation, And Gene Expression In The Hyperthermophile Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii During Hydrogen-Limited Growth And Interspecies Hydrogen Transfer, Begüm D. Topçuog˘ Lu, Cem Meydan, Tran B. Nguyen, Susan Q. Lang, James F. Holden Apr 2019

Growth Kinetics, Carbon Isotope Fractionation, And Gene Expression In The Hyperthermophile Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii During Hydrogen-Limited Growth And Interspecies Hydrogen Transfer, Begüm D. Topçuog˘ Lu, Cem Meydan, Tran B. Nguyen, Susan Q. Lang, James F. Holden

Faculty Publications

Hyperthermophilic methanogens are often H2 limited in hot subseafloor environments, and their survival may be due in part to physiological adaptations to low H2 conditions and interspecies H2 transfer. The hyperthermophilic methanogen Methanocaldococcus jannaschii was grown in monoculture at high (80 to 83 M) and low (15 to 27 M) aqueous H2 concentrations and in coculture with the hyperthermophilic H2 producer Thermococcus paralvinellae. The purpose was to measure changes in growth and CH4 production kinetics, CH4 fractionation, and gene expression in M. jannaschii with changes in H2 flux. Growth and cell-specific CH4 production rates of M. jannaschii decreased with decreasing …

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Reef Rover: A Low-Cost Small Autonomous Unmanned Surface Vehicle (Usv) For Mapping And Monitoring Coral Reefs, George Raber, Steven R. Schill Apr 2019

Reef Rover: A Low-Cost Small Autonomous Unmanned Surface Vehicle (Usv) For Mapping And Monitoring Coral Reefs, George Raber, Steven R. Schill

Faculty Publications

In the effort to design a more repeatable and consistent platform to collect data for Structure from Motion (SfM) monitoring of coral reefs and other benthic habitats, we explore the use of recent advances in open source Global Positioning System (GPS)-guided drone technology to design and test a low-cost and transportable small unmanned surface vehicle (sUSV). The vehicle operates using Ardupilot open source software and can be used by local scientists and marine managers to map and monitor marine environments in shallow areas (<20>m) with commensurate visibility. The imaging system uses two Sony a6300 mirrorless cameras to collect stereo …

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The Lowest-Energy Isomer Of C2Si2H4 Is A Bridged Ring: Reinterpretation Of The Spectroscopic Data Based On Dft And Coupled-Cluster Calculations, Jesse J. Lutz, Larry W. Burggraf Apr 2019

The Lowest-Energy Isomer Of C2Si2H4 Is A Bridged Ring: Reinterpretation Of The Spectroscopic Data Based On Dft And Coupled-Cluster Calculations, Jesse J. Lutz, Larry W. Burggraf

Faculty Publications

The lowest-energy isomer of C2Si2H4 is determined by high-accuracy ab initio calculations to be the bridged four-membered ring 1,2-didehydro-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.0]butane (1), contrary to prior theoretical and experimental studies favoring the three-member ring silylsilacyclopropenylidene (2). These and eight other low-lying minima on the potential energy surface are characterized and ordered by energy using the CCSD(T) method with complete basis set extrapolation, and the resulting benchmark-quality set of relative isomer energies is used to evaluate the performance of several comparatively inexpensive approaches based on many-body perturbation theory and density functional theory (DFT). Double-hybrid DFT methods are found to …

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Evidence For A Bind-Then-Bend Mechanism For Architectural Dna Binding Protein Ynhp6a, Manas Kumar Sarangi, Viktoriya Zvoda, Molly Nelson Holte, Nicole A. Becker, Justin Peters, L. James Maher Iii, Anjum Ansari Apr 2019

Evidence For A Bind-Then-Bend Mechanism For Architectural Dna Binding Protein Ynhp6a, Manas Kumar Sarangi, Viktoriya Zvoda, Molly Nelson Holte, Nicole A. Becker, Justin Peters, L. James Maher Iii, Anjum Ansari

Faculty Publications

The yeast Nhp6A protein (yNhp6A) is a member of the eukaryotic HMGB family of chromatin factors that enhance apparent DNA flexibility. yNhp6A binds DNA nonspecifically with nM affinity, sharply bending DNA by >60◦. It is not known whether the protein binds to unbent DNA and then deforms it, or if bent DNA conformations are ‘captured’ by protein binding. The former mechanism would be supported by discovery of conditions where unbent DNA is bound by yNhp6A. Here, we employed an array of conformational probes (FRET, fluorescence anisotropy, and circular dichroism) to reveal solution conditions in which an 18- base-pair DNA oligomer …

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Convolutional Neural Networks For Crystal Material Property Prediction Using Hybrid Orbital-Field Matrix And Magpie Descriptors, Zhuo Cao, Yabo Dan, Zheng Xiong, Chengcheng Niu, Xiang Li, Songrong Qian, Jianjun Hu Apr 2019

Convolutional Neural Networks For Crystal Material Property Prediction Using Hybrid Orbital-Field Matrix And Magpie Descriptors, Zhuo Cao, Yabo Dan, Zheng Xiong, Chengcheng Niu, Xiang Li, Songrong Qian, Jianjun Hu

Faculty Publications

Computational prediction of crystal materials properties can help to do large-scale in-silicon screening. Recent studies of material informatics have focused on expert design of multi-dimensional interpretable material descriptors/features. However, successes of deep learning such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in image recognition and speech recognition have demonstrated their automated feature extraction capability to effectively capture the characteristics of the data and achieve superior prediction performance. Here, we propose CNN-OFM-Magpie, a CNN model with OFM (Orbital-field Matrix) and Magpie descriptors to predict the formation energy of 4030 crystal material by exploiting the complementarity of two-dimensional OFM features and Magpie features. Experiments …

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Sedimentary Budget Of The Northwest Sub-Basin, South China Sea: Controlling Factors And Geological Implications, Peter D. Clift Apr 2019

Sedimentary Budget Of The Northwest Sub-Basin, South China Sea: Controlling Factors And Geological Implications, Peter D. Clift

Faculty Publications

We calculated the sedimentary budget of the Northwest Sub-basin (NWSB), South China Sea for different geological times based on interpretations of four multichannel seismic profiles across the basin with constraints from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expeditions 367 and 368 drilling results. Sedimentation was generally dominated by regional tectonic events and climate change, but complicated by local tectonic events and geographic position, which resulted in a specific sedimentary budget in the NWSB compared with other marginal basins and the Southwest Sub-basin. The sedimentation rate was relatively low following the opening of the NWSB but increased gradually during the Middle Miocene, …

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Differentiation Of Surface Water And Groundwater In A Karst System Using Anthropogenic Signatures, Joe Honings Apr 2019

Differentiation Of Surface Water And Groundwater In A Karst System Using Anthropogenic Signatures, Joe Honings

Faculty Publications

Surface water-groundwater interaction within a karstic system enhances contaminant transport, making karst aquifers susceptible to anthropogenic practices. Contaminated waters related to agricultural and animal husbandry in northwestern Illinois (USA) prompted this investigation. Six streams and five springs were sampled for 16 parameters to assess anthropogenic influences. Statistical analyses revealed differences in 13 of 16 parameters between the stream and spring waters. Rock-water interaction was identified as the dominant mechanism defining the chemistry for both waters, which were classified as Ca-Mg HCO3. Elevated nitrate as nitrogen (NO3-N), chloride (Cl-), sodium, and potassium concentrations indicate that human activities have influenced the quality …

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Still Missing Dark Matter: Kcwi High-Resolution Stellar Kinematics Of Ngc1052-Df2, Shany Danieli, Pieter Van Dokkum, Charlie Conroy, Roberto Abraham, Aaron Romanowsky Apr 2019

Still Missing Dark Matter: Kcwi High-Resolution Stellar Kinematics Of Ngc1052-Df2, Shany Danieli, Pieter Van Dokkum, Charlie Conroy, Roberto Abraham, Aaron Romanowsky

Faculty Publications

The velocity dispersion of the ultra diffuse galaxy NGC1052-DF2 was found to be σgc = 7.8 +5.2/-2.2 km s−1, much lower than expected from the stellar mass–halo mass relation and nearly identical to the expected value from the stellar mass alone. This result was based on the radial velocities of 10 luminous globular clusters that were assumed to be associated with the galaxy. A more precise measurement is possible from high-resolution spectroscopy of the diffuse stellar light. Here we present an integrated spectrum of the diffuse light of NGC1052-DF2 obtained with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI), with an instrumental …

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Extreme Chemical Abundance Ratio Suggesting An Exotic Origin For An Ultradiffuse Galaxy, Ignacio Martín-Navarro, Aaron Romanowsky, Jean Brodie, Anna Ferr´E-Mateu, Adebusola Alabi, Duncan Forbes, Margarita Sharina, Alexa Villaume, Viraj Pandya, David Martinez-Delgado Apr 2019

Extreme Chemical Abundance Ratio Suggesting An Exotic Origin For An Ultradiffuse Galaxy, Ignacio Martín-Navarro, Aaron Romanowsky, Jean Brodie, Anna Ferr´E-Mateu, Adebusola Alabi, Duncan Forbes, Margarita Sharina, Alexa Villaume, Viraj Pandya, David Martinez-Delgado

Faculty Publications

Ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) are a population of extended galaxies but with relatively low luminosities. The origin of these objects remains unclear, largely due to the observational challenges of the low surface brightness Universe. We present here a detailed stellar population analysis of a relatively isolated UDG, DGSAT I, based on spectroscopic data from the Keck Cosmic Web Imager integral field unit. The star formation history of DGSAT I seems to be extended, with a mean luminosity-weighted age of ∼3 Gyr, in agreement with previous photometric studies. However, we find a very high [Mg/Fe] abundance ratio, which is extreme even in …

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Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Of Electrolytes At Electroneutral Scales, Aleksandar Donev, Andrew Nonaka, Changho Kim, Alejandro Garcia, John Bell Apr 2019

Fluctuating Hydrodynamics Of Electrolytes At Electroneutral Scales, Aleksandar Donev, Andrew Nonaka, Changho Kim, Alejandro Garcia, John Bell

Faculty Publications

At mesoscopic scales electrolyte solutions are modeled by the fluctuating generalized Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations [J.-P. Péraud et al., Phys. Rev. Fluids 1, 074103 (2016)]. However, at length and time scales larger than the Debye scales, electrolytes are effectively electroneutral and the charged-fluid PNP equations become too stiff to solve numerically. Here we formulate the isothermal incompressible equations of fluctuating hydrodynamics for reactive multispecies mixtures involving charged species in the electroneutral limit and design a numerical algorithm to solve these equations. Our model does not assume a dilute electrolyte solution but rather treats all species on an equal footing, accounting for …

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Atmospheric Propagation Of High Energy Lasers: Thermal Blooming Simulation, Jonathan Gustafsson, Benjamin F. Akers, Jonah A. Reeger, Sivaguru S. Sritharan Apr 2019

Atmospheric Propagation Of High Energy Lasers: Thermal Blooming Simulation, Jonathan Gustafsson, Benjamin F. Akers, Jonah A. Reeger, Sivaguru S. Sritharan

Faculty Publications

High Energy Laser (HEL) propagation through turbulent atmosphere is examined via numerical simulation. The beam propagation is modeled with the paraxial equation, which in turn is written as a system of equations for a quantum fluid, via the Madelung transform. A finite volume solver is applied to the quantum fluid equations, which supports sharp gradients in beam intensity. The atmosphere is modeled via a coupled advection-diffusion equation whose initial data have Kolmogorov spectrum. In this model the combined effects of thermal blooming, beam slewing, and deep turbulence are simulated.

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Underground Environment Aware Mimo Design Using Transmit And Receive Beamforming In Internet Of Underground Things, Abdul Salam Apr 2019

Underground Environment Aware Mimo Design Using Transmit And Receive Beamforming In Internet Of Underground Things, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

In underground (UG) multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), the transmit beamforming is used to focus energy in the desired direction. There are three different paths in the underground soil medium through which the waves propagates to reach at the receiver. When the UG receiver receives a desired data stream only from the desired path, then the UG MIMO channel becomes three path (lateral, direct, and reflected) interference channel. Accordingly, the capacity region of the UG MIMO three path interference channel and degrees of freedom (multiplexing gain of this MIMO channel requires careful modeling). Therefore, expressions are required derived the degrees of …

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Median Confidence Regions In A Nonparametric Model, Edsel A. Pena, Taeho Kim Apr 2019

Median Confidence Regions In A Nonparametric Model, Edsel A. Pena, Taeho Kim

Faculty Publications

The nonparametric measurement error model (NMEM) postulates that Xi=Δ+ϵi,i=1,2,…,n;Δ∈R with ϵi,i=1,2,…,n, IID from F(⋅)∈Fc,0, where Fc,0 is the class of all continuous distributions with median 0, so Δ is the median parameter of X. This paper deals with the problem of constructing a confidence region (CR) for Δ under the NMEM. Aside from the NMEM, the problem setting also arises in a variety of situations, including inference about the median lifetime of a complex system arising in engineering, reliability, biomedical, and public health settings, as well as in the economic arena such as when dealing with household income. Current methods …

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Bounds On Vacuum-Orthogonal Lorentz And Cpt Violation From Radiative Corrections, Brett David Altschul Apr 2019

Bounds On Vacuum-Orthogonal Lorentz And Cpt Violation From Radiative Corrections, Brett David Altschul

Faculty Publications

Certain forms of Lorentz violation in the photon sector are difficult to bound directly, since they are “vacuum orthogonal”—meaning they do not change the solutions of the equations of motion in vacuum. However, these very same terms have a unique tendency to contribute large radiative corrections to effects in other sectors. Making use of this, we set bounds on four previously unconstrained d=5 photon operators at the 10−25–10−31  GeV−1 levels.

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Deciphering The Transport Of Elastic Filaments By Antagonistic Motor Proteins, Stephanie Portet, Cecil Leduc, Sandrine Etienne-Manneville, J. C. Dallon Apr 2019

Deciphering The Transport Of Elastic Filaments By Antagonistic Motor Proteins, Stephanie Portet, Cecil Leduc, Sandrine Etienne-Manneville, J. C. Dallon

Faculty Publications

Intermediate filaments are long elastic fibres that are transported by microtubule-associated motor proteins kinesin and dynein inside the cell. How elastic filaments are efficiently transported by antagonistic motors is not well understood and difficult to measure with current experimental techniques. Adapting the tug-of-war paradigm for vesicle-like cargos, we develop a mathematical model to describe the motion of an elastic filament punctually bound to antagonistic motors. As observed in cells, up to 3 modes of transport are obtained; dynein-driven retrograde, kinesin-driven anterograde fast motions and a slow motion. Motor properties and initial conditions that depend on intracellular context, regulate the transport …

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Austere Location Wind Turbine Energy System Analysis, Lukas Cowen, Douglas S. Dudis, Torrey J. Wagner Apr 2019

Austere Location Wind Turbine Energy System Analysis, Lukas Cowen, Douglas S. Dudis, Torrey J. Wagner

Faculty Publications

One promising technology to combat an energy shortage in austere locations is wind energy. In combination with battery storage and generator backup, we explore the feasibility of using a hybrid energy system to reduce the volume of diesel fuel required. Modeling the energy demands in austere locations will enable missions in remote settings to optimize their energy costs, increased their energy resiliency and assure their supply. For a modeled time-series energy requirement that varied between 2.4 MW and 5.1 MW, the optimal wind system size was 9.9 MW of installed wind power paired with a 741 kWh battery. Assuming an …

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Carrington-Class Events As A Great Filter For Electronic Civilizations In The Drake Equation, Robert D. Loper Apr 2019

Carrington-Class Events As A Great Filter For Electronic Civilizations In The Drake Equation, Robert D. Loper

Faculty Publications

The Drake equation is a calculation providing an upper bound on the likely number of intelligent species in our galaxy. In order to reconcile a potentially high occurrence of intelligent extraterrestrial species with the current non-observation of them, we frequently resort to some Great Filter which represents some inevitable, cataclysmic fate (such as nuclear war, pandemic, or asteroid impact) that tends to await enough worlds to negate the expectation that the galaxy ought to be teeming with intelligent life. This paper is intended to examine one potential Great Filter for electronic-based civilizations, the impact of a Carrington-class coronal mass ejection …

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Autonomous Seawater PCo2 And Ph Time Series From 40 Surface Buoys And The Emergence Of Anthropogenic Trends, Adrienne J. Sutton, Richard A. Feely, Stacy Maenner-Jones, Sylvia Musielwicz, John Osborne, Colin Dietrich, Natalie Monacci, Jessica Cross, Randy Bott, Alex Kozyr, Andreas J. Andersson, Nicholas R. Bates, Wei-Jun Cai, Meghan F. Cronin, Eric H. De Carlo, Burke Hales, Stephan D. Howden, Charity M. Lee, Derek P. Manzello, Michael J. Mcphaden, Melissa Meléndez, John B. Mickett, Jan A. Newton, Scott E. Noakes, Jae Hoon Noh, Solveig R. Olafsdottir, Joseph E. Salisbury, Uwe Send, Thomas W. Trull, Douglas C. Vandemark, Robert A. Weller Mar 2019

Autonomous Seawater PCo2 And Ph Time Series From 40 Surface Buoys And The Emergence Of Anthropogenic Trends, Adrienne J. Sutton, Richard A. Feely, Stacy Maenner-Jones, Sylvia Musielwicz, John Osborne, Colin Dietrich, Natalie Monacci, Jessica Cross, Randy Bott, Alex Kozyr, Andreas J. Andersson, Nicholas R. Bates, Wei-Jun Cai, Meghan F. Cronin, Eric H. De Carlo, Burke Hales, Stephan D. Howden, Charity M. Lee, Derek P. Manzello, Michael J. Mcphaden, Melissa Meléndez, John B. Mickett, Jan A. Newton, Scott E. Noakes, Jae Hoon Noh, Solveig R. Olafsdottir, Joseph E. Salisbury, Uwe Send, Thomas W. Trull, Douglas C. Vandemark, Robert A. Weller

Faculty Publications

Ship-based time series, some now approaching over 3 decades long, are critical climate records that have dramatically improved our ability to characterize natural and anthropogenic drivers of ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and biogeochemical processes. Advancements in autonomous marine carbon sensors and technologies over the last 2 decades have led to the expansion of observations at fixed time series sites, thereby improving the capability of characterizing sub-seasonal variability in the ocean. Here , we present a data product of 40 individual autonomous moored surface ocean pCO2 (partial pressure of CO2) time series established between …

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There Is No Ambiguity In The Radiatively Induced Gravitational Chern-Simons Term, Brett David Altschul Mar 2019

There Is No Ambiguity In The Radiatively Induced Gravitational Chern-Simons Term, Brett David Altschul

Faculty Publications

Quantum corrections to Lorentz- and CPT-violating QED in flat spacetime produce unusual radiative corrections, which can be finite but of undetermined magnitude. The corresponding radiative corrections in a gravitational theory are even stranger, since the term in the fermion action involving a preferred axial vector bμ would give rise to a gravitational Chern-Simons term that is proportional bμ, yet which actually does not break Lorentz invariance. Initially, the coefficient of this gravitational Chern-Simons term appears to have the same ambiguity as the coefficient for the analogous term in QED. However, this puzzle is resolved by the fact that …

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