Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Synthetic Approaches To Tris (1-B, 8-B'-Naphthyl) Diboron, William Karl Goerich

Honors Theses

The purpose of this project was the synthesis of tris(l-B, 8-B'­naphthyl)diboron. The synthesis route attempted was the preparation of 1,8-dibromonaphthalene from 1,8-diaminonaphthalene by tetrazotization followed by a Sandmeyer reaction, treatment of the dibromo compound with n-butyllithium to give 1,8-dilithionaphthalene and subsequent addition of boron trifluoride to give the product.

Synthesis Of N-Methyl-N-Phenylaminomethyltrimethylsilane And N, N-Dimethylanilinomethyltrimethylsilyl Iodide, Mark Stuart Lichtenstein

Honors Theses

N-Methyl-N-Phenylaminomethyltrimethylsilane (I) has been prepared by heating an ethereal solution of lithium N-Methyl-anilide and chloromethyltrimethylsilane in a sealed flask for two days at 110°. The peak ratios in the NMR spectrum of the product did not correspond to these expected for I but suggested a different product, N-Methyl-N-Trimethylsilylaniline (II). Elemental analysis favored II although it could also be interpreted to support I. The spectra of derivatives, and the substance’s stability to hydrochloric acid were characteristic of I. Tentative identification of ethylene as a by-product, and a small degree of reaction with hydrochloric acid support the presence of II, but only …

Stability Of 1-Substituted Adenines, Walter Frederick Floser

Honors Theses

1-β-Hydroxyethyladenine was prepared by the reaction of ethylene chlorohydrin with adenine at 76° C. It was separated from the reaction mixture by use of a Dowex 50W-X8 cation exchange chromatography column and a linear gradient elution system. I was placed in aqueous alkaline solution for two weeks and checked at different intervals to determine its stability. I was also refluxed in an aqueous alkaline solution for 70 min. and its stability was checked. I proved to be stable under all conditions.

Photochemical Reduction Of Benzophenone By 2-Butyne-L, 4-Diol And Photochemical Solvolysis Reactions Of Beta-Phenethyl Compounds, Kenneth Lawrence Gordon

Honors Theses

The irradiation of a dioxane solution of benzophenone in the presence of 2-butyne-1, 4-diol leads to reduction of the ketone rather than addition across the triple bond of the alkyne. However, great difficulty was encountered in identifying the product due to the formation of an organic complex involving benzopinacol and the dioxane. Nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet spectral data confirm the presence of the complex. An attempt was made to induce a known ground state reaction by photochemical means. This ground state reaction is known to proceed through an ethylene phenonium ion intermediate. Both β-phenethyl bromide and β-phenethyltrimethylammonium tetrafluoroborate were …

Determination Of Ring Orientation In Diphenylmethane And Derivatives, Patrick Michael Comi

Honors Theses

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry, like infrared, visible, and ultraviolet spectrometry is a form of absorption spectrometry. Certain nuclei can absorb electromagnetic radiation in the radiofrequency range. These nuclei are able to absorb this energy because they “spin” about their center axis generating a dipole along it. Protons are among those nuclei that absorb radiofrequency energies. If a proton is placed in a magnetic field its dipole can be in one of two possible orientations. It can be in a low energy state aligned with the field, or a high energy state, a spinning proton will process about an axis at …

An Introduction To And Discussion Of Automata And Sequential Machines, Joseph Philip Seab

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

A Brief Study Of Topology, Mary Beth Mangrum

Honors Theses

Topology is the study of topological properties of figures -- those properties which do not change under "elastic" motion. It is generally divided into two branches: set topology and algebraic topology. Set topology discusses the nature of a topological space, the properties of sets of points, the definitions of limits and continuity, the special properties of metric spaces, and questions concerning separation and connectedness. Algebraic topology deals with groups which are defined on a space, their structure and invariants.

A Special Studies Paper On The General Mathematics Requirements At Ouachita Baptist University, Linda Gamble

Honors Theses

The object of this paper has been to study the opinions of graduates and present students about the required math hours (presently three hours) at Ouachita Baptist University. It has formerly been my opinion that this may be insufficient math background for many of our students going out seeking jobs. Many times the student, while still in college does not realize he may need more math but it may show up on graduate tests, in his occupational work, or personal matters such as income tax calculations, bookkeeping, or budgeting.

To compile the opinions of students on this subject a form …

A Special Studies Paper On Mathematics In Computer Programing, Linda Gamble

Honors Theses

The profession of programing has existed for two decades or longer. Computer programing and the organization of computer analysis have gone beyond the reach of careful clerks with high school education. There is a growing demand for persons who are competent researchers, experienced in the use of multivariate methods, and skilled as computer users and programers. Mathematics and engineering predominate. The programer should have a knowledge of mathematics and a familiarity with computer hardware and must understand the content of the problem to be solved.

Federal Careers And Opportunities For Mathematicians, Gail Ray

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to research the opportunities for a math major in the Federal Civil Service, and the requirements for positions. Those occupations which require courses only in math are few. However, there are several more which requires a combination of math with some other subject matter.

Those positions requiring only math are: Agricultural marketing specialist, cartographer, equipment specialist, geodesist, and mathematician.

Mathematics On An International Basis, Sandra Lee Sawyer

Honors Theses

Is the math of the United States inferior? In 1967 there was an international study of mathematics comparing twelve different countries: United States, Japan, Australia, Belgium, England, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, The Netherlands, Scotland, and Sweden. Funded in part by the United States Office of Education and five years in the making, the report was based on a test given to 133,000 students in different countries at the age of thirteen and at the end of high school.

Effect Of Trace Metals On Growth Rate Of Algae, Gabriel H. Srouji

Honors Theses

Heavy metals, although only in traces, are essential for all forms of life. They are taken up by the living cell in the form of cations, and their uptake is strictly regulated because most or all of them are toxic in excess. A remarkable specificity has been found: seldom can an excess of one essential metal prevent the damage caused by deficiency of another. In fact, such an excess often increase the injurious effect of deficiency.

Metal-binding substances, many of which function by chelation, form a class of substances which have furnished many useful drugs and other substances of value …

Radar Meteorology, Jerry Thomason

Honors Theses

Radar, an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging, has been a great aide to the growth of the knowledge of science, especially for uses in weather research.

The discovery of the nature of radar is thought to have been made by Dr. A. H. Taylor and Leo C. Young of the Naval Research Laboratory when they found that radio waves would bounce back from steel. The military perfected radar for its benefits and gradually improved its technique of usage during the years of World War II. The British had its own version of radar and it is believed that its …

Computer Programming, Gary Rice

Honors Theses

The chief advantage of the digital computer is that it can be instructed to perform complex or repetitive arithmetical operations in a very short period of time. Any sequence of operations which can be fully analyzed can theoretically be done by a computer. The method of instruction takes the form of various precisely defined computer languages. The programs to be discussed here were written in a Fortran language, Fortran being a contraction of Formula Translation. There are at least four variations of Fortran, but the differences are relatively minor. Fortran is basically intended for scientific and engineering purposes. The programs …

Antimatter, Claudia Morgan Griffin

Honors Theses

Very little is known about the mysterious world of antimatter. The idea that such particles could exist was not even proposed until forty years ago. Perhaps the story of the discovery of antimatter began when scientists were trying to unify the Theory of Relativity and the Theory of Quanta. The trouble was that the quantities in the classical wave equation are in the second derivatives. In Schrodinger's wave equation of the Quantum Theory, x, y, and z are second derivatives, but i is a first derivative.

Following Einstein's basic ideas, H. Minkowski proposed the concept of a four-dimensional time-space continuum …

The Evolution And Application Of Pi, Carolyn Rhodes

Honors Theses

There is no part of the arithmetic that deals with approximations that is more interesting than that which seeks to find the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. This ratio has been studied from both a practical and a theoretical standpoint. Under the name "quadrature of the circle" it occupied mathematicians for many thousands of years, beginning with the Bible and extending to the twentieth century.

The Mean In Statistics, Rex E. Babcock

Honors Theses

When one speaks of how statistics have been utilized in decades past there is much to say. However, it is even more astonishing when one speaks of the utilization of statistics today. The use of statistics is widespread virtually over all of the world today, and is put to use in such fields as surveys, census, psychometrics, and almost every business, vocation, and employment that may come to one's mind. But I wish to confine myself to the mean in statistics; I will even make another boundary on myself by discussing only the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, and …

A Fluorometric Study Of Carbamic Acids And Carbamates As An Explanation Of Carbon Dioxide Transport In The Blood, Gerald John Tiberio

Honors Theses

The original project was conceived during the summer of 1967 while Bruce Cassidy was a research fellow of the Maine Heart Association. It is through his efforts I became aware of the problem.

This research project was undertaken in order to determine the applicability of fluorometry as a means of studying the carbamate reaction of simple amino acids to model the physiological substrate hemoglobin.

Nmr Investigation Of Alkylated Diethylene - Triamine Chloro Complexes Of Trivalent Gold, Alan Robert Case

Honors Theses

The rate expression for the su~stitution of a ligand in a square planar complex was first introduced in 1953 by Taube and Rich (1). The present study was undertaken in the hope of gathering some evidence for this postulated steric hinderance by use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra (NMR). Study was limited to one family of complexes, the alkylated diethylenetriamine chloro complexes of gold (III).

Radiolysis Of Saturated Aqueous Iodine Solutions, Gregg Alan Foster

Honors Theses

It is a well-known fact that water, when subjected to ionizing radiation such as x-ray or gamma radiation, undergoes a decomposition. The generally accepted decomposition, although complex, may be represented by (1): It is also accepted that "when dilate solutions are irradiated, practically all the energy absorbed is deposited in water molecules and the observed chemical changes are brought about indirectly via the molecular and, particularly, the radical products. Direct action due to energy deposited in the solute is generally unimportant in dilute solutions (i.e at solute concentration below about 0.1M)” (3). Realizing that iodine is an excellent radical scavenger …

Energy Calculations For The 1Εg+, 1Δg, And 3Εg- Electronic States Of The Oxygen Molecule Using A Tangent Spheres Approach, Donald Francis Durocher

Honors Theses

J. W. Linnett has proposed in his book, The Electronic Structure of Molecules (l), an approach to molecular orbital theory which he calls the double-quartet approach. The double-quartet, or d-q approach in a molecule with a completed octet, states that electrons of each spin set assume, or try to assume a tetrahedral array around their 'mother atom'. In the case of molecular oxygen, there are three d-q figures representing the molecule in its ground and 1∑+g , 2∆g, states. This representation is shown in Figure 1. Henry A. Bent, at the University of Minnesota, has proposed that the electrons in …

The Radiolysis Of Aqueous Chloroform Solutions, Francis John Simone

Honors Theses

Saturated aqueous chloroform solutions have been irradiated with a 250 Curie gamma source. G-values for the production of hydrogen gas in neutral and acidic solutions have been determined.

Qualitative Thermodynamic Study Of Linkage Isomerism In Palladium (Ii) Complexes, Walter Michael Gantenbein

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research was to investigate linkage isomerism in dithiocyanatobistriphenylarsinepalladium (II), dithiocyanato-2,2'­bipyridinepalladium (II), and thiocyanatotetraethyldiethylenetriammine­palladium (II) thiocyanate. Studies of linkage isomerism in these compounds were made in the pure solid state using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter. The instrumental data was supplemented with visual observations of the isomerization.

Synthesis Of Silicon Compounds For Use In (P -> D) Pi-Bond Studies, Mark Thomas Messe

Honors Theses

A new compound, (CH3CH2)2 NCH2Si (CH3)3 (I), was prepared. Attempts at synthesis of Ø-N (CH3) – CH2Si (CH3)3 (II) failed while synthesis of CH30 – CH2Si (CH3)3 (III) gave approximately 85 percent product. Difficulty was incurred in the purification of III, probably because the reactants were not sufficiently dry. Compound I was only slightly miscible in CD2=S-CD3 in dimethylsulfoxide-D6. The soluble portion showed no exchange of the methylene hydrogens in I by deuterium from the solvent although some decomposition might have occured. The apparent complete absence of an exchange reaction suggests that even in the presence of the electronegative nitrogen, …

Towards Synthesis Of Bis -(N,N'-1,8-Naphthylene)- 1,8 - Diaminonaphthalene, William Chiu-Sheung Ng

Honors Theses

This project is concerned with attempted synthesis of a special highly symetrical compound. In the process of synthesis, It is conceivable than an intermediate product will be formed.

Electrogeneration Of Molybdate Ion, Michael John Milano

Honors Theses

The electrogeneration of molybdate ion (MoO4-2) for possible use in a coulometric determination of thorium or lead has been investigated. Constant current electrolyses were used to study the oxidation of molybdenum to molybdate. It was found that molybdate can be generated in 1N HCl with from 96 to 100% efficiency. The current efficiency for molybdate generation in less acidic media could not be determined accurately. Coulometric titrations of known amounts of thorium with electrogenerated molybdate have been carried out. The endpoints, which were determined amperometrically, were found to be inexact and reproducible to only ± 5%. Coulometric titrations of lead …

Synthesis Of Benzyl-Beta-D Alcohol For Use In Studies Of Photolytic Solvolysis Reactions, John Crest Anes

Honors Theses

This project proposes a means for determining whether certain photochemical solvolysis reactions proceed by an SN1 or SN2 type mechanism. The method uses optically active substrates to determine whether the displacement reaction occurs with racemization or retention of configuration. This paper deals with the synthesis of optically active benzyl-α-d alcohol from which various appropriate substrates required for the study can be prepared. Benzaldehyde---d is first prepared by the Stephens reduction of benzonitrile using stannous chloride and deuterium chloride. The optically active alcohol is then prepared by the reduction of thebenzaldehyde-d with optically active isobornyloxymagnesium bromide.

Toward A Synthesis Of Acenaphth (1,2-A) Acenaphth (1,2-A) Acenaphthene, John Isaac Gerson

Honors Theses

The purpose of this project was to synthesize acenaphth (1, 2-a) acenaphth (1, 2-a) acenaphthene. The project originally followed Letsinger's preparation of a synthetic precursor called acenaphth (1, 2-a) acenaphthylene, which was to be dibrominated, giving the cis-6b, 12b derivative. This derivative was to be reacted with naphthalene to yield the desired product; but this route was abandoned when a necessary forerunner of Letsinger's hydrocarbon called 1, 8-dibromonaphthalene was obtained in very low yield. An alternate procedure leading to Letsinger's hydrocarbon, involving the Friedel-Crafts addition of 1, 8-di (chloromethyl) - naphthalene to naphthalene, was devised, and a synthetic precursor of …

Potentiometric Edta Titrations Using A Bismuth Amalgam Electrode As Indicator, Wayne Michael Butler

Honors Theses

Previous work in the field of potentiometric titrations using bismuth-mercury electrodes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as the titrant have been largely reproduced. The bismuth amalgam electrode has been further developed to provide ease of preparation and maintenance and through improved techniques of cleaning to eliminate electrode poisoning effects. Various titrations have been studied to determine the solution conditions necessary for maximum end point breaks, good electrode poise, and rapid and steady equilibrium of the electrode. These conditions have been adapted to make the electrode suitable for use with automatic titration equipment and for the analysis of multicomponent mixtures.

Solubility Of Manganese And Iron In Impoundment Waters, Jim Gilbert

Honors Theses

The purpose of this paper is to show the rate of solubility of certain elements (manganese and iron) in impoundment waters. The rate at which manganese and iron becomes soluble is important in determining if there is a change in the solubility of these elements in impoundment water and free running water.

The solubility of an element under impoundment waters represents a cycle. The mud on the bottom of impoundment waters contain the elements that are insoluble. At a certain stage the element becomes soluble, and it is released from the mud. The soluble element is much lighter than the …