Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Study Of Computers And Computer Programming, Janet Moffett

Honors Theses

Computers have become a great aid to scientists and businessmen. Their speed and accuracy had enabled much progress in many fields. Although computers are capable of many tasks, they are dependent upon the programmer and can only do what they are told to do. Computers are based on logical organization and act according to organized data.

There are many forms of input used by computers today. Some of the most common forms of input are by typewriter, punched cards, magnetic tape, punched paper taps, and console switches. The typewriter is usually used in accordance with other types of input media. …

Groups, Janie Ferguson

Honors Theses

This paper explores abstract algebra groups.

Polarization Of Compton-Scattered Gamma Rays, James G. Hudson

Honors Theses

Intermediate energy photons (approximately 0.2 mev. to 10 mev.) interact with matter of low atomic number principally through a process called the Compton effect. This process is an inelastic collision of a photon with a free electron at rest. Using the principles of conservation of energy and conservation of momentum the energy of the scattered photon can be found in terms of the incident photon energy and the angle through which it is scattered. The energy of this scattered photon is then given by E¹=(E_O)/(1+α(1-cos θ)) where E_O is the energy of the incoming photon, …

Studies On The Manganese Cycle, Jim Gilbert

Honors Theses

The first studies on the manganese cycle in impoundments were concerned with the manganese concentrations in and removal from bottom waters of deep impoundments. But as work progressed, the emphasis was more on the investigation of the mechanism by which manganese is dissolved in impounded waters.

Industrial Mathematicians, Mary Beth Mcgee

Honors Theses

What is an industrial, or professional, mathematician? What does he do? Generally, there are two kinds: workers in pure mathematics and workers in applied math.

The pure mathematician likes to play with mathematical laws and principles just to see what will happen. They have mathematical curiosity; they are not especially interested in whether anyone ever finds any use for the result or not. They have the fun of working their problems, and that is the only reward they ask. There is a large group of men and women getting paid good salaries for having such fun; they are the pure …

The Structure And Use Of Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Nancy Goodson

Honors Theses

It is hard to talk about dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) without sounding like an old-time carnival snake-oil salesman. DMSO appears to be good for arthritis, sinusitis, headaches, earaches, sprains, and burns. It reduces swellings, suppresses blisters, kills pain, tranquilizes, and fights germs. It enhances the action of other drugs. It can be swallowed, injected, rubbed on, or dripped in.

Dimethyl sulfoxide is one hundred years old. It was first synthesized by Alexander Saytzeff in Germany in 1866. However, it remained a laboratory curiosity for about three-quarters of a century. No use was found for it until about ten years ago, when …

Air Force Rotc At The University Of Richmond, 1951-1957, Robert J. Dandridge

Honors Theses

In the summer of 1950, after the seriousness of the Korean conflict had become evident, a special committee appointed three years earlier by the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees was reactivated for the purpose of considering "the feasibility of applying for a Reserve Office Training Corps unit" for the University of Richmond. This special committee, called the ROTC Committee, after thorough study, rendered a unanimous recommendation to the Board that a unit of Army ROTC be applied for. The application was completed and mailed to the Department of the Army. Approval of the application was not long in …

The Formation Of Tertiary Butyl Phenyl Ether By A Diazonium Salt Decomposition, Allan Richard Bernstein

Honors Theses

Diarryl ethers have been prepared by various candidates for master's and bachelor's degrees at Union College in the past. Ulmann reactions were involved, but with some variability in yields and some rather lengthy syntheses. More recently, decompositions of diazonium salts have been studied for preparation of aryl ethers. This might constitute a simpler or more efficient synthetic route.

Rearrangements Of N-Nitrosolactams, Dennis Stuart Gordan

Honors Theses

The experiments reported here were done in an attempt to fill in the gap in Huisgen's work on N-nitrosolactams (1) - the synthesis and subsequent rearrangements of the six-membered-ring compounds of this type (I, ni2).

Synthesis And Absorption Spectra Of 2,4,6-Trihlorodiphenyl Ether, Dominic Louis Poccia

Honors Theses

The repeat of Schwab's work confirmed his experimental results for the reaction of the pseudo-hypochlorite of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol with benzene and anhydrous alumnium chloride.

An Attempt To Prepare Methyldiphenylsulfonium Fluoroborate, William Harvey Holley

Honors Theses

In the past few years there has been growing interest in two types of organic salts, those of sulfonium and oxysulfonium ions. Probably the better known are the sulfonium compounds. In general they are crystalline salts, and thet are water soluble giving neutral solutions. The trialkyl sulfoniym ion (fig. 1), like the quaetenary ammonium ion, has the tetrahedral structure except that in the sulfonium ion the fourth group is an unshared pair of electrons rather than a bonded group.

The Use Of Arsenic Trichloride As A Solvent In Nmr Spectrometry, Phillip Wills Haines

Honors Theses

Since Union College has had its Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer, a great many organic compound have been analyzed. Several more might have been identified if they could have been dissolved in a suitable solvent. The expense of deuteratd solvents and the lack of suitable solvents for some compounds have led to the consideration of inorganic compounds for use as solvents.

The Hydroxylation Equilibrium Constant For 2,4 Dichlorobenzaldehyde At Various Temperatures, Gregory Richard Olson

Honors Theses

The primary objective of this work was to examine the temperature dependence of dissociation constants of hydroxylated substituted benzldehydes. The equilibrium of 2,3 dichlorobenzaldehyde in aqueos sodium hydroxide solutions has been studied at 35 degrees celsius with varying hydroxide ion concenctrations.

Metabolic Pathways For Methoxychlor In Rats, Frank Hastings Mckim

Honors Theses

The main approach of the experiment was to metabolize methoxychlor with rat liver microsomes since hepatic microsomes have been shown to contain many of the metabolic enzyme systems. The incubated sample was extracted with various solvents after hydrolysis. The extracts were separated and identified by thin layer or vapor phase chromatography. The structure of the metabolites were theoretically determined by studying the analogy between DDT and methoxychlor. A study of detoxification mechanisms also aided in establishing a theoretical metabolic chain.

Synthesis And Reactions Benzyldiazonium-2-Carboxylate, Marc David Rudich

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research is to investigate the reactions of benzyldiazonium-2-carboxylate or a precursor to determine whether they offer a pathway to the preparation of benzocyclopropene.

Synthesis Of 2-(2,5-Dichloro-Phenyl) Tetrahydro-3 Methyl 1-4-H-1, 3 Thiozone-4-One 1,1-Dioxide And Study Of The Sommelet Reaction Mechanism, Alexander James Wall Iii

Honors Theses

The text of this thesis deals with two separate, but inter-related prob- lems. The first is the synthesis of 2-(2, 5-Dichloro-phenyl) Tetrahydro-3 methyl 1-4-H-l, 3 Thiozone-4-one 1, 1-Dioxide. The second is a study of the Sommelet reaction which was employed in the syn­thesis of the above compound. This project was undertaken to complete the syn­thesis of a group of analogous compounds which have been synthesized by Wilson and Downer for the Sterling Winthrop Drug Company. The compounds illustrated below have been tested and found to have varying potential as central nervous system depressants.

The Effect Of Dimethyl Sulfoxide And Acetic Acid On The Decomposition Of O-Methoxy, W-Diazo-Acetophenone, Andrew Laurence Colb

Honors Theses

The acid-induced decomposition of o-methoxy, w-diazo, acetophenone might proceed by wither of two pathways. Huisgen (1) postulated that the mechanism was either “catalytic” (equation 1) or “stoichiometric,” (equation 2) and the differences in the mechanisms were directly related to acid concentration, nucleophilic power of the anion of the acid, and the ionic strength of the medium. Sheffer’s (2) reactions with o-methoxy, w-diazo acetophenone were carried out in ether, a non-polar medium. The aim of this researcher’s study was to determine the reaction course for the decomposition of o-methoxy, w-diazo acetophenone, in a highly polar, slightly nucleophilic medium containing nucleophilic acetate …

A Study Of The Coordination Complex Dichlorobis - [1, 10 Phenanthroline] Cobalt (Iii) Chloride, Richard Carle Goodson

Honors Theses

One of the traditional areas of study in chemistry has been that of coordination chemistry. The concern of this study is with a particular coordination complex and hence, by way of introduction, something should be said about coordination chemistry. A considerable amount of work has been previously applied to the study of [Co(phen)2(Cl)2] Cl by Ablov and Palade (2) and by Pfeiffer and Werdelmann (3). Using different mehods each group prepared the cis form of the geometric isomers through the literature seems to indicate that neither group resolved the optical isomers of the cis form. Ruid (4) attempted to resolve …

Phenyltrichlorosilane Alkoxylation Reaction Kinetics - A Mathematical Model, Jule Jay Dubois

Honors Theses

Several models of the chemical kinetics of the phenyltrichlorosilana reaction with ethanol are described and tested. Redistributions and activated complexes were considered for modifying the basic competitive-consecutive reaction kinetics assumed to govern the reaction. The reaction process variable of silane concentration was investigated to test the model.

The Electrogeneration Of Organic Precipitating Agents, Jeannine Martha Keane

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research was to investigate the electrogeneration of organic precipitating agents with a coulometric measurement of the precipitant as the ultimate aim.

Synthesis Of N-Benzyl-N-Methyl-Β-Chloro-Β(P-Chlorophenyl)-Ethylamine-Hydrochloride, Van Saxton Hubbard

Honors Theses

Classes of compounds often have similar characteristics and activities. However, it has been showin in pharmacological studies that a small change in a structure produced by a substitution of an atom or a group of atoms on the original compound may cause a marked change in biological activity. When a certain compound shows usefulness as a drug, many variations of this compound are studied to see if a more useful form can be made. Two characteristics looked for are (1) effectiveness, which includes the onset or how long before the drug takes effect, and the duration or how long the …

Ion Exchange Resin Impregnated Paper Chromatography Of Some Typical Chlorinated Pesticides, Stephen F. Nagy

Honors Theses

The purpose of this project was to examine the effect the ionic immobile phase of various ion exchange resin-impregnated papers has on the separability of some typical chlorinated pesticides; the ultimate goal was devising an ion exchange resin-impregnated paper chromatographic system which would provide better chlorinated pesticide resolution than conventional paper chromatographic methods.

Synthesis Of Fluorinated Acetyl Choline, Joel Beryl Loewenstein

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research was the practical synthesis of a fluorinated acetyl choline.

Rates Of Deuterium Exchange From Deuterated M-Dichlorobenzene In Methanolic Sodium Methoxide Solutions, Rita Rose Boggs

Honors Theses

Rate constants were determined for deuterium exchange fro.m m-diohlorobenzene-2-d in 0.5 to 5 molar methanolic sodium methoxide solutions at 80.3° C.

Since this is a base catalyzed reaction, an attempt was made to correlate the rates with the appropriate basicity parameter. The methoxide ion concentration was an entirely inadequate parameter since a plot of log k1 against log [OCH3] showed a linear variation with a slope of 2.40. Significant correlation would demand a slope of unity. The D0 function provided correlation for all kinetic runs except those of sodium methoxide concentrations higher than 4.05 M. The H_ function failed to …

The Effect Of Pyridine And Some 4-Substituted Pyridines On Corrosion Inhibition, Eugene Andrew Grossi

Honors Theses

A study of the corrosion inhibition activity of pyridine and eight of its 4-substituted derivatives was undertaken. The effect of these compounds on the corrosion of carbon steel in deoxygenated aqueous ammonium citrate solution at room temperature was studied.

Thermal And Photochemical Decompositions Of The Chloride Salt Of Ortho-Diazoiumphenlyacetic Acid, John Oliver Rosser

Honors Theses

Ortho-nitro-phenylacetic was synthesized, diazotized, and subjected to thermal and photochemical decomposition. Indazole is formed when the diazonium chloride salt was thermally decomposed in water. When carbon tetrachloride was used as a solvent, a lactone-like product was formed. When an excess of pyridine in carbon tetrachloride was used no decomposition took place. Photochemical decompositions using a mercury vapor lamp resulted in a combination. of products when methanol was used as solvent and indazole when water was the solvent.

Polarography, James Mccarty

Honors Theses

Jaroslav Heyrovsky invented the technique of polarography about 1920 at Charles University in Prague. With proper use one can obtain both qualitative and quantitative analyses of solutions of electro-oxidizable or electro-reducible substances at concentrations.

The key part of a polarography is the dropping mercury electrode. This consists of a fine bore capillary tube connected to a large reservoir of mercury. Each tiny drop which falls from the capillary has approximately the same surface area and takes about the same time to form and fall. The greatest advantage is that each drop is actually a new electrode, and there is consequently …

An Introduction To Linear Programming, Lana Sue Legrand

Honors Theses

This paper represents a study of the text An Introduction to Matrices, Vectors, and Linear Programming. It is composed chapter by chapter taking the more important statements, definitions, and theorems from each and working out exercises to illustrate their meaning. Other exercises were worked in the course of the study than are included in this paper but these were selected as brief illustrations of the type of problems that were worked.

Special Studies In Biochemical Instrumental Methods, Parvin Waymack

Honors Theses

Two useful methods of biochemical analysis are infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy. The occurrence of absorption bands in the infrared region can be predicted for some of the simpler molecules. Theoretically, in order for a molecule to absorb radiation it must possess a vibrational or rotational frequency the same as that of the electromagnetic radiation, and a change in the magnitude and/or direction of the dipole moment must take place. The change in dipole moment may be caused by asymmetrical vibration or asymmetrical rotation of the molecule.

Mathematics And Logic, Janet Moffett

Honors Theses

Mathematics is interested in the methods by which concepts are defined in terms of others and statements are inferred from others. It therefore uses a primarily deductive form of reasoning. It is almost impossible to distinguish where logic leaves off and mathematics begins. "... logic is the youth of mathematics and mathematics is the manhood of logic." Mathematics starts from certain premises and, by a strict process of deduction, arrives at the various theorems which constitute it.

In order to understand the congruence of mathematics and deductive logic, one must understand the principles of each and the relation between them. …