Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Role Of Thiamine Pyrophosphate In Regulating The Level Of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid In The Central Nervous System, Bryant L. Adams

Theses and Dissertations

The level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the brains of white rats suffering from thiamine deficiency symptoms resulting from pyrithiamine or oxythiamine antagonism of thiamine or from thiamine deprivation was measured. The level of this amino acid was 17.5% lower in the brains of pyrithiamine-treated rats and 20.0% lower in the brains of thiamine-deprived rats than in the control rats. Daily injections of ten times the required amounts of vitamin B6 in rats treated with pyrithiamine or oxythiamine or by thiamine deprivation had no effect on the level of brain gamma-aminobutyric acid or on the psiological behavior of these rats. The …

Thermodynamics Of Charge Transfer Complexes, Reed J. Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Charge transfer complexes were studied spectrophotometrically in the liquid state by a modified Benesi-Hildabrand method. TiCl_4 - Benzene and TiCl_4 - diphenyl ether solutions were found to form contact charge transfer complexes, that is complexes with very weak and non-directional interactions. The systems TiCl_4 - anisole and TiCl_4 - diethyl ether form complexes of the types AD and AD_2 where A stands for TiCl_4 and D stand s for the organic donor. The formation constants for the complexes were, for the TiCl_4 - anisole, K_1 = 0.077, K_2 = 0.01; and TiCl_4 - diethyl ether, K_1= 3.0, K_2 = 1.0. …

Properties Of Chlorophyll Derivatives Bonded To Polymers, Richard Grant Jensen

Theses and Dissertations

Two types of water-soluble complexes of chlorophyll a with organic polymers have been investigated: chlorophyll a coordinately bonded to poly 4-vinylpyridine and a chlorophyll derivative, Mg-chlorin e_6 phytyl methyl ester, covalently bonded to GANTREZ AN (poly (methyl vinyl ether/maleic anhydride) ). The first complex was observed upon dissolving chlorophyll a and poly 4-vinylpyridine in aqueous ethanol solutions. The Mg-chlorin e_6 diester-GANTREZ AN complex (chlorophyll a/polymer) was made by aminolysing the chlorophyll ring V with 1, 6-hexanediamine to give an intermediate product, Mg-chlorin e_6 -6-N-(6' -aminohexyl) carboxamide, phytyl methyl ester. This was attached to GANTREZ AN by linkage of the 6'-amine …

A Thermodynamic Study Of (1) Ligand Replacement Reactions And (2) The Interaction Of Hgcl[Subscript 2](Aq) With Hydroxide Ion, Ethylenediamine, Glycinate Ion, And Methylamine, Jerry Alvin Partridge

Theses and Dissertations

A method is reported for determining the species formed in solution by ligand replacement reactions. Reactions in dilute aqueous solution were studied in which the Cl^- on HgCl_2(aq) was replaced by hydroxide ion, ethylenediamine, glycinate ion, and methylamine. The species formed by the replacement reactions were established through computer analysis of pH titration data. Various reaction sequences were proposed for each system and log K values were calculated for each sequence. The selection of the correct reaction sequence for each system was based on the premise that only when the correct sequence is proposed will consistent log K values be …

Hydrogenation Of 4-Methylcinnoline, William E. Maycock

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid expansion of knowledge of cinnoline chemistry since 1941 has not included the hydrocinnolines. Not one catalytic hydrogenation of a fully aromatic cinnoline had been reported. This thesis is an effort to enlarge knowledge of this particular area of cinnoline chemistry. The work is a natural outgrowth of that done at Brigham Young University on decahydroquinoxaline, both the cis- and trans- isomers having been prepared and characterized. 4-Methylcinnoline, prepared by the method of Jacobs, et.al., was hydrogenated in neutral and acidic ethanolic solutions at 2000-3000 psig. hydrogen pressure and 100-266°. The catalysts used were 5% palladium on alumina, ruthenium …

Relationship Of The Turtle, Forest, And Park Rivers To The History Of Glacial Lake Agassiz, Samuel S. Harrison

Theses and Dissertations

The thesis here abstracted was written under the direction of Wilson M. Laird and approved by John R. Reid and Alan M. Cvancara as members of the examining committee, of which Dr. Laird was Chainnan.

During the summer of 1964 a study of the Turtle, Forest, and Park river valleys was undertaken to find evidence of former changes in river regimen. The regimen of rivers once draining into glacial Lake Agassiz was probably affected by changes in base level associated with fluctuations of that lake. The Turtle, Forest, and Park rivers, which presently flow eastward across the bed of Lake …

Glacial Geology Of The North Half Of Barnes County, North Dakota, Douglas A. Block

Theses and Dissertations

The geomorphology and glacial geology of the north half of Barnes County in east central North Dakota is described and interpreted. The area comprised a portion of the Western Lake section of the Central Lowland province and was informally designated the Middle Sheyenne River area without defining its boundaries. Four physiographic subdivisions in the Middle Sheyenne River area were assigned: 1. The Kensal Glacial Plain subdivision that embraces land between the Sheyenne River and the west county boundary. 2. The Sheyenne River Valley subdivision. 3. The Glacial-Lake Plains subdivision that consists of three separate but genetically related areas of lacustrine …

Metabolism Of Thiamine And The Effect Of Some Antagonists, Russel M. Bender

Theses and Dissertations

To investigate the possibility that thiamine has more than one vital role in the mammalian system, it was decided to use the antagonists pyrithiamine and oxythiamine, and to utilize carbon-14 labeled compounds to more effectively study the vitamin and the above-named antagonists. To make it more effective, we felt that perhaps differences between the localization of oxythiamine and pyrithiamine could be detected in the brain. We also considered and tested the possibility that either or both of the antagonists would alter the localization of thiamine. Essentially, two procedures were used in this study. One was a counting method and the …

Evaluation Of Methods Used In The Determination Of Stability Constants Of The Thallium (Iii)-Chloride System At Twenty-Five Degrees, Nelson Kent Dalley

Theses and Dissertations

The difficulties encountered in the determination of equilibrium constants in systems with small, not directly rneasureable free ligand concentrations are discussed. These difficulties are illustrated using the determination of the formation constants of the Tl(III)-Cl- system as a specific example. Four methods are used and evaluated in this study. They are (1) the corresponding solutions method, (2) the method of Fronaeus, (3) the solubility of AgCl in Tl(III) solution method and (4) the method of Hugus. A discussion and derivation of each of these methods is given. The first three methods given and free ligand concentration data from which formation …

A Calorimetric Study Of Metal Amino Acid Complexes In Aqueous Solution. I. The Copper (Ii) Glycine System. Ii. The Nickel (Ii) Glycine, Alanine And Phenylalanine Systems, Wilbur Orme Greenhalgh

Theses and Dissertations

Calorimeter values were obtained for the standard enthalpy change for the following reactions at 10,25, and 40 degrees C.: 1. The dissaciation of the amino acid, glycine, in the zwitterion form (HA) to give the basic form (A-) and a proton. 2. The reactions of copper (II) ion with glycine to form the Cu gly+ and Cu (gly)2 complexes. 3. The reactions of nickel (II) ion with glycine and alanine to form Ni gly+, Ni (gly)2, Ni al+, and Ni (al)2 complexes. For calorimetric enthalpy calculations, the initial and final concentrations of all species in the calorimeter must be known; …

Microfacies Analysis Of The Duperow Formation In The Beaver Lodge Field, Williams County, North Dakota, Albert D. Pernichele

Theses and Dissertations

This investigation is a petrographic study of a composite section from the Duperow formation in western North Dakota in which seven cyclic microfacies are described and environmentally evaluated. The microfacies are:

1. Anhydrite-dolomite microfacies. Chemically precipitated cryptocrystalline calcite.

2. Micrite microfacies: Chemically precipitated, structurless cryptocrystalline calcite.

3. Saccharoidal dolomite microfacies. Microgranulor dolomite representin dolonitized limestone .

4. Pelmicrite-pelletiferous micrite microfacies. Pelletoidal grains of cryptocrystalline calcite and small amounts of fossil material in a matrix of cryptocrystalline calcite.

5. Fossiliferous micrite-biomicrite microfacies. Fossil material in a matrix of cryptocrystalline calcite.

6. Pelsparite microfacies. A loo e framework of pelletoidal grains and …

Lower Paleozoic Chitinozoans And Scolecodents From North Dakota, Douglass H. Morgan

Theses and Dissertations

Chips from cores of the Red River and Stony Mountain Formations of Ordovician age and the Dawson Bay Formation of Devonian age in North Dakota were taken at three-foot intervals, dissolved in acid, and the residue examined for insoluble, pseudochitinous microfossils. Chitinozoa, an extinct order of rhizopod protozoans, were found in abundance along with lesser numbers of scolecodonts, the mouth parts of polychaete worms. Because the study was restricted to the core available at the North Dakota Geological Survey, which rarely included complete sections of the formations, a complete picture of the distribution of these forms must await the more …

The Spearfish Formation In The Williston Basin Of Western North Dakota, Wallace G. Dow

Theses and Dissertations

The Spearfish Formation of the Black Hills has been traced into the Williston Basin of western North Dakota. In the basin, the formation can be divided into three members. In ascending order these are: (1) a lower gray shale and red siltstone unit herein named the Belfield Member, (2) a middle salt unit, the Pine Salt Member, and (3) an upper red siltstone and fine grained sandstone unit, the Saude Member. Type sections for all three members are herein established. Isopachous maps and stratigraphic cross sections have been prepared to delireate the thickness and distribution of each of the units …

The Physical Limnology And Sedimentology Of Miller Lake, Martin River Glacier, South-Central Alaska, Edward Callender

Theses and Dissertations

Miller Lake is an ice-walled lake located on the terminus of the Martin River Glacier, south-central Alaska. It has an area of 1.36 km² and a mean depth of 25 meters. The lake basin was formed by the coalescence of several ice sinkholes and is characterized by extremely uneven bottom topography.

Analysis of detailed thermal data obtained during the summer of 1963 indicates that the lake is never permanently thermally stratified but does develop some stratification during periods of warm, calm weather. This stratification is easily destroyed by stormy weather. Miller Lake is classified as a subpolar lake due …

The Geology Of Eastern Wells County, North Dakota, Ronald J. Kresl

Theses and Dissertations

Late Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) glaciation was responsible for the varied landforms of eastern Wells County. The Burnstad-Streeter phase advanced from the north-northeast about 10,000 to 12,000 years ago and was obstructed by the elevated Missouri Coteau which caused basal shearing and subsequent movement of subglacial drift into the ice. As this ice stagnated, the resultant drift cover impeded ablation and insulated the waters of superglacial lakes present on the surface of the Coteau at that time. Abundant Pleistocene fossils have been found in the sediments of these former lakes. Upon complete ablation, characteristic dead-ice features resulted on the surface of the …

Glacial Geology Of Western Wells County, North Dakota, George A. Faigle

Theses and Dissertations

The landforms of western Wells County were formed during late Wisconsinan glacial activity. Because of the relatively dry climate they have been modified only slightly by post-glacial erosion and mass wasting.

The southern one-third of the area is characterized by randomly-oriented mounds of till or dead-ice moraine. The dead-ice moraine originated when a large mass of stagnant ice ablated after typical glacial depositional features had formed on its drift-covered surface. Complete ablation of the ice resulted in the collapse of the previously formed features.

The remaining two-thirds of the area is characterized by and moraine, ground moraine, outwash, and meltwater …

The Glacial Geology Of Eastern Sheridan County, North Dakota, Thomas C. Gustavson

Theses and Dissertations

During late Pleistocene time two ice advances affected parts of eastern Sheridan County, North Dakota. The first advance deposited the Burnstad, Streeter and Grace City drifts, and covered the whole county. The second advance deposited the Martin drift and occupied only the northern quarter of the county.

The Streeter drift, characterize by dead-ice landforms and nonintegrated drainage, is separated from the Burnstad drift by a large partly collapsed outwash plain on the distal side of a pronounced ground moraine and poorly integrated drainage, is separated from the Streeter drift by the Lincoln Valley and moraine and the Missouri Coteau escarpment. …

I. Preparation And Properties Of Alkyl And Aryl Substituted Thioquinazolines And Sulfoxides ; Ii. An Investigation Of The Quinazoline 3-Oxide--1,4-Benzodiazepine 4-Oxide Rearrangement, Marvin C. J. Kuchar

Theses and Dissertations

I. The quinazolines, a branch of the benzodiazine class of aromatic nitrogen hetercycles, do not occur to any great extent in naturally occurring compounds. The discovery of the antimalarial febrifugine and its structure elucidation led to the preparation and investigation of a host of new quinazolines in the search for new and more effective antimalarials. Most of the present body of information governing the quinazolines arose out of these synthetic studies. The present study has been accomplished with a four-fold purpose in mind: (1) to investigate the susceptibility of chloroquinazolines to nucleophilic displacement reactions by thiols or their salts, (2) …

Thermodynamics Of I) Metal Cyanide Coordination, Ii) Water Formation, And Iii) Metal Halide Coordination, John Dewey Hale

Theses and Dissertations

ΔH values for the formation of Ni(CN)4(aq)= have been determined calorimetrically at 25° using a simple calorimeter and a thermometric titration procedure at high and low ionic strengths, respectively. Extrapolation of these ΔH values to infinite dilution resulted in a ΔH° value of -42.7 kcal./mole. Combination of ΔH° and ΔF° values gives a ΔS° value of -5.5 e.u. for Ni(CN)4(aq)= formation. A value of +70 e.u. is calculated for the ionic entropy of Ni(CN)4(aq)=. A preliminary investigation of the Zn(CN)4(aq)= system indicated the existence of zinc cyanide complexes other than Zn(CN)4= and allowed calculation of an approximate ΔH° value of …

Molecular Addition Compounds :|Bi. Systems Of P-Dioxane With Alkyl Halides, Anisole, And Silicon Tetrachloride ; Ii. Titanium Tetrachloride Chargetransfer Complexes Of Benzene, P-Xylene, And Pseudocumene, Nolan F. Mangelson

Theses and Dissertations

Freezing-point diagrams were detennined tor a number or p-dioxane systems. The system, p-dioxane:carbon tetrachloride, was found to contain a 1:2 complex with a congruent melting point of 255.71 °K. This confirmed work reported in the literature. Solid solutions in the region between 0.0000 and 0.4796 mole fraction of p-dioxane were found in the present study. The system, p-dioxane:chloroform, was found to contain a 1:2 complex with a congruent melting point of 215.65 °K. It was determined that no other complexes formed in the solid state. This information resolved contradicting reports in the literature. The system, p-dioxane:dichloromethane, was found to contain …

Directive Effects In The Sulfonation Of Toluene ; Synthesis And Attempted Rearrangement Of Some Anilinoketones ; The Kinetics And Mechanism Of The Addition Of Bromine To Cyclohexene In Dichloromethane. Solution, John Joseph Duvall

Theses and Dissertations

The pure sodium salts of the toluenesulfonic acids were prepared by one of two ways. Both methods started with diazotization of the toluidine. In the first method, the diazonium solution was treated with sulfur dioxide and copper powder, and the resulting sulfinic acid was oxidized to the sulfonic acid with potassium permanganate. In the second method, the diazonium solution was treated with cuprous chloride and sulfur dioxide to give the sulfonyl chloride which was hydrolyzed to the sulfonate. Toluene was sulfonated by SO3 (enriched with S-35) in refluxing SO2 solution. The isotope dilution technique was used to determine the isomer …

Geology Of The Unconsolidated Deposits Of Lake County, Indiana, Reuben J. Vig

Theses and Dissertations

Lake County is in the extreme northwestern corner of Indiana. The county is divided into three physiographic units: (1) Calumet lake plain, (2) Valparaiso moraine, (3) Kankakee glacioflucial plain.

The Calumet lake plain was covered by glacial Lake Chicago. Beach lines show the areal extent of the various phase of the lake’s history. The Valparaiso moraine, a broad upland, trends east-west across the county. An end moraine on the north side of this upland is correlated with the Tinley moraine in Illinois. The Kankakee glaciofluvial plain, formerly marshland, slopes gently from the Valparaiso moraine to the Kankakee River.

The bedrock …

Mollusks From Wisconsinan (Pleistocene) Ice-Contact Sediments Of The Missouri Coteau In Central North Dakota, Samuel J. Tuthill

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis here abstracted was written under the direction of Frank D. Holland, Jr. and was approved by Wilson M. Laird and George C. Wheeler as members of the examining committee, of which Dr. Holland was Chairman.

Geologic and paleontologic evidence indicates that numerous mesotropic, temperate, water bodies were present while drift-covered bloacks of stagnant glacier ice, unplaced during Woodfordian (late Wisconsinan, Pleistocene) time, underlay the Missouri Coteau district (approximately 50 by 300 miles in extent) in central North Dakota.

Fossil mollusks, contained in sediments deposited in contact with the stagnant ice at 40 sites, are represented by 23 species …

Glacial Geology Of Western Sheridan County, North Dakota, Neil R. Sherrod

Theses and Dissertations

Western Sheridan County, in central North Dakota, lies within three physiographic districts; The Missouri Coteau district, the Sheyenne River district, and the Martin subdistrict. The Missouri Coteau district is characterized by thick drift, knob and kettle topography, and non-integrated drainage. The Sheyenne River district and Martin sub-district are characterized by flat to gently rolling topography.

The surface deposits of western Sheridan County include the upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation, the Tertiary (Paleocene) Ludlow and Cannonball Formations, and the Burnstad and Martin Drifts of late Wisconsinan Age.

Landforms in the Missouri Coteau district include dead-ice moraine, end moraine, disintegration ridges, collapsed …

Pelecypoda From The Lower Fox Hills Formation (Upper Cretaceous) Of Emmons County, North Dakota, Rodney M. Feldmann

Theses and Dissertations

The Fox Hills Formation in Emmons County, North Dakota, consists of 250-350 feet of medium to fine grained sand and sandstone with some shale interbeds. In Emmons County, the four members, Trail City, Timer Lake, Bullhead(?), and Colgate are not as distinct lithologically as they are in the areas from which they were described; thus, the unit has been subdivided into a lower part consisting of crossbedded sand and sandstone with calcareous, fossiliferous concretions and an upper part consisting of interbeds of buff sand and chocolate shale.

The gradational change from Pierre Shale lithology to the sands of the overlying …

The Structural And Stratigraphic Relationships In The Paleozoic Rocks Of Eastern North Dakota, Frederick V. Ballard

Theses and Dissertations

The thickness and areal extent of the commonly defined Paleozoic rock units in eastern North Dakota has been determined by a study of mechanical well logs. Isopachous wops of these units reveal several positive areas which persisted and influenced sedimentation and unit thickness throughout most of the Paleozoic Era. Precambrian topographic highs of either erosional or structural origin produced those influences in early Paleozoic time, whereas later effects resulted from periodic structural rejuvenation of the original highs. The activity of those highs appears to be related to the location of the basin depocenter. The most prominent highs were in Cavalier, …

Kinetic Investigation Of The Hydrochlorination Of Olefins In Aprotic Solvents And Sulfonation Of Idobenzene And The Selectivity Relation, Thomas Glen Davies

Theses and Dissertations

Kinetic investigation of the hydrochlorination of cyclohexene and cis-2-butene in n-heptane with SnCl4 as catalyst shows that the reaction is second order with respect to both olefin and catalyst. The specific rate constants at 25° , 0° and -23.8°C and the activation parameters were determined. Investigation of the Ga2Cl6 catalyzed hydrochlorination of cyclohexene and cis-2-butene in dichloromethane indicates that alkylation and polymerization compete with the hydrochlorination reaction in the presence of the solvent. The relative reaction rates and the isomer distribution for the sulfonation of iodobenzene by S35O3 have been determined in refluxing SO2 at -10°C. The reaction resulted in …

Sulfonation Of Chlorobenzene And The Selectivity Relation ; Bromine Addition To Cyclohexene In Dichloromethane ; Thorpe's Synthesis Of The Caged Acid, 4-Methyltricyclo[1.1.0.0[Superscript 2-4]] Butane-1,2,3-Tricarboxylic Acid, John A. Gurney

Theses and Dissertations

Aromatic sulfonation and some substitution reactions of chlorobenzene show deviations in the selectivity relation. A determination of chlorobenzene sulfonation provided the following rate ratio relative to benzene and partial rate factors: 1.0, [---] of 0.064 , mf 1.7 and pf 4. 2. Our work, Olah's nitration, Ferguson's bromination and Stock's chlorination define a new relation that can be express by adding an entropy term (A) to the selectivity relation. We determined the rate of bromine-cyclohexene addition in dichloro-methane at 0° to provide a basis for a systematic variation of solvents at low temperature. An unusual zero-order reaction was encountered. The …

Dissertation In Organic Chemistry. Part I, The Fate Of The Anilino Moiety In The Rearrangement Of Α-Anilonoketones. Part Ii, Partial Rate Factors For Sulfonation Of Bromebenzene With Sulfur Trioxide. Part Iii., Preliminary Survey On The Effect Of High Pressure On Ferrocene And Cycloöctatetraene, Jerold Carter Robertson

Theses and Dissertations

Part I. The rearrangement of α-anilinoketones was studied in an effort to determine the mode of movement of the nitrogen moiety. A crossover experiment was carried out with an equimolar mixture of 2-(4- bromoanilino)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl) ethanone and 2-(4-chloroanilino)-1-(4-chlorophenyl) -2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanone with γ- picoline hydrobromide as the catalyst. The reaction product was analysed by means of a mass spectrograph. The results of the analysis indicate a crossover of the nitrogen moiety during rearrangement. This indicates that the nitrogen moiety moves in an intermolecular manner during the rearrangement. Part II. The isomer distribution from the sulfonation of bromobenzene with sulfur trioxide was determined by …

An Investigation Of Coulometric Methods Of Analysis Of 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, David M. Creighton

Theses and Dissertations

The oxidation of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine by bromine has been studied using a coulometric method of bromine generation, and a dual intermediate system of bromide and cupric ions in solution. The system allowed over-generation of bromine and back-titration by cupric ion. The results of the investigation showed that the mechanism of oxidation is not fixed, but is a function of the concentration of bromine in the solution at any time. Additional studies have been recommended, whereby the mechanisms of the reactions may be determined.