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Articles 20461 - 20490 of 21971
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Intracellular Coexpression Of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Her-2/Neu, And P21ras In Human Breast Cancers: Evidence For The Existence Of Distinctive Patterns Of Genetic Evolution That Are Common To Tumors From Different Patients, Stanley E. Shackney, Agnese A. Pollice, Charles A. Smith, Laura E. Janocko, Lillian Sweeney, Kathryn A. Brown, Sarita G. Singh, Lingping Gu, Robert Yakulis, Joseph F. Lucke
Intracellular Coexpression Of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Her-2/Neu, And P21ras In Human Breast Cancers: Evidence For The Existence Of Distinctive Patterns Of Genetic Evolution That Are Common To Tumors From Different Patients, Stanley E. Shackney, Agnese A. Pollice, Charles A. Smith, Laura E. Janocko, Lillian Sweeney, Kathryn A. Brown, Sarita G. Singh, Lingping Gu, Robert Yakulis, Joseph F. Lucke
Joseph Lucke
Multiparameter flow cytometry studies were performed on cells from the primary tumors of 94 patients with breast cancer. Correlated cellular measurements of cell DNA content, Her-2/neu, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p21ras levels were performed on each of 5,000 to 100,000 cells from each tumor. When criteria for positivity were matched with those in common use for immunohistochemical studies, 28 of 94 (30\%) breast cancers were classified as positive for Her-2/neu overexpression. When similar criteria were applied to the EGFR measurements, 23 of 94 (24\%) cases were classified as positive for EGFR overexpression. Similarly, 23 of 94 (24\%) cases …
Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction In The Process Of Ammonia Desorption From Aqueous Solutions Containing Carbon Dioxide, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Mass Transfer With Chemical Reaction In The Process Of Ammonia Desorption From Aqueous Solutions Containing Carbon Dioxide, Wojciech M. Budzianowski
Wojciech Budzianowski
No abstract provided.
Archiv Der Pharmazie, Philadelphia University
Archiv Der Pharmazie, Philadelphia University
Philadelphia University, Jordan
No abstract provided.
Simulation And Fpga Implementation Of A Simple Computer, Philadelphia University
Simulation And Fpga Implementation Of A Simple Computer, Philadelphia University
Philadelphia University, Jordan
No abstract provided.
Sustainable Development As A Framework For National Governance, John C. Dernbach
Sustainable Development As A Framework For National Governance, John C. Dernbach
John C. Dernbach
No abstract provided.
Reflections On Comparative Law, Environmental Law, And Sustainability, John C. Dernbach
Reflections On Comparative Law, Environmental Law, And Sustainability, John C. Dernbach
John C. Dernbach
No abstract provided.
Local Structural Heterogeneities In Liquid Water Under Pressure, M. Canpolat, Francis W. Starr, M. R.S. Lahijany, A. Scala, O. Mishima, S. Havlin, H. E. Stanley
Local Structural Heterogeneities In Liquid Water Under Pressure, M. Canpolat, Francis W. Starr, M. R.S. Lahijany, A. Scala, O. Mishima, S. Havlin, H. E. Stanley
Francis Starr
No abstract provided.
Species Delineation And The Identification Of Evolutionarily Significant Units: Lessons From The Freshwater Mussel Genus Potamilus (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Kevin J. Roe, Charles Lydeard
Species Delineation And The Identification Of Evolutionarily Significant Units: Lessons From The Freshwater Mussel Genus Potamilus (Bivalvia: Unionidae), Kevin J. Roe, Charles Lydeard
Kevin J. Roe
Accurate identification of biological entities is critical to the timely and efficient preservation of biodiversity. Concepts that define segments of biological diversity--species and evolutionarily significant units (ESUs)--should reflect our current knowledge of the biological world. Conflation of different hierarchical definitions of taxa has the potential to obscure distinct biological entities in need of protection. The concept of the ESU has been criticized because it includes within its definition distinct biological entities that otherwise would be recognized as species. Herein we evaluate several versions of the evolutionary significant unit concept and provide as a case study an analysis of geographic variation …
The Role Of Ligand Flexibility In Predicting Biological Activity: Structure–Activity Relationships For Aryl Hydrocarbon, Estrogen, And Androgen Receptor Binding Affinity, Steven P. Bradbury, Ovanes G. Mekenyan, Gerald T. Ankley
The Role Of Ligand Flexibility In Predicting Biological Activity: Structure–Activity Relationships For Aryl Hydrocarbon, Estrogen, And Androgen Receptor Binding Affinity, Steven P. Bradbury, Ovanes G. Mekenyan, Gerald T. Ankley
Steven P. Bradbury
Recent studies indicate that the potency and agonist or antagonist activity of steroid hormone ligands are dependent, in part, on ligand–receptor binding affinity as well as the conformation of the ligand–receptor complex. The binding of ligands to hormone receptors is thought to involve interactions by which shapes of both the receptor and ligand are modified in the formation of the ligand–receptor complex. As a consequence, it is essential to explore the significance of ligand flexibility in the development of screening-level structure–activity relationships. In this review, examples are provided of techniques used to generate and screen ligand conformers in the development …
Ridgetop Splitting, Spreading, And Shattering Related To Earthquakes In Southern California, James P. Mccalpin
Ridgetop Splitting, Spreading, And Shattering Related To Earthquakes In Southern California, James P. Mccalpin
James P. McCalpin
Our mapping documents that anomalous ridgetop landforms are numerous in the San Gabriel and Santa Susana Mountains, and that many sites (37% of the San Gabriel sites, 16% of the Santa Susana sites) are not associated with any visible signs of landsliding. These sites may represent deep-seated gravitational spreading due to earthquake shaking. However, our factor analysis indicates that the spatial distribution of these suspected spreading landforms, with respect to ridge relief and distance to Late Quaternary faults, is essentially identical to that of landslides. Thus, it seems that if these spreading landforms represent the results of earthquake shaking, than …
Statistics Of Paleoseismic Data, James P. Mccalpin
Statistics Of Paleoseismic Data, James P. Mccalpin
James P. McCalpin
Compiled data from numerous neotectonic-geomorphic and trench studies reveals patterns in the spatial and temporal variation of coseismic fault displacement. Recurrence intervals between successive large earthquakes on faults define a near-symmetrical probability distribution with a coefficient of variance of 0.36. Normal faults have the most regular recurrence, and subduction zones the most variable. Variability in recurrence times at a site is not dependent on the number of recurrence intervals dated at that site. During historic surface-rupturing earthquakes slip has varied widely along strike. Based on 56 ruptures where more than 15 displacement measurements were made, the generic pattern is for …
Computational Evidence For A Free Silylium Ion, Thomas Müller, Yan Zhao, Joseph B. Lambert
Computational Evidence For A Free Silylium Ion, Thomas Müller, Yan Zhao, Joseph B. Lambert
Yan Zhao
Ab initio calculations are the method of choice to gain an insight into the structure and properties of silylium ions, especially when an X-ray structure cannot be obtained, as in the case of trimesitylsilylium (1). The computed structures and properties of triarylsilylium ions suggest that 1 is the first free silylium ion prepared in the condensed phase.
Nature Of 60Μm Emission In 3c 47, 3c 207 And 3c 334, Ilse M. Van Bemmel, Peter D. Barthel, Min S. Yun
Nature Of 60Μm Emission In 3c 47, 3c 207 And 3c 334, Ilse M. Van Bemmel, Peter D. Barthel, Min S. Yun
Min S. Yun
We try to explain the unusually high far-infrared emission seen by IRAS in the double-lobed radio-loud quasars 3C 47, 3C 207 and 3C 334. High resolution cm–mm observations were carried out to determine their radio core spectra, which are subsequently extrapolated to the far-infrared in order to determine the strength of the synchrotron far-infrared emission. The extrapolated flux densities being considerably lower than the observed values, a significant nonthermal far-infrared component is unlikely in the case of 3C 47 and 3C 334. However, this component could be responsible for the far-infrared brightness of 3C 207. Our analysis demonstrates that nonthermal …
Effects Of Interaction Induced Activities In Hickson Compact Groups: Co And Fir Study, L Verdes-Montenegro, Min S. Yun, J Perea, A Del Olmo, P T P Ho
Effects Of Interaction Induced Activities In Hickson Compact Groups: Co And Fir Study, L Verdes-Montenegro, Min S. Yun, J Perea, A Del Olmo, P T P Ho
Min S. Yun
A study of 2.6 mm CO J = 1 → 0 and far-infrared (FIR) emission in a distance-limited (z < 0.03) complete sample of Hickson compact group (HCG) galaxies was conducted in order to examine the effects of their unique environment on the interstellar medium of component galaxies and to search for a possible enhancement of star formation and nuclear activity. Ubiquitous tidal interactions in these dense groups would predict enhanced activities among the HCG galaxies compared to isolated galaxies. Instead, their CO and FIR properties (thus, "star formation efficiency") are surprisingly similar to isolated spirals. The CO data for 80 HCG galaxies presented here (including 10 obtained from the literature) indicate that the spirals globally show the same H2 content as the isolated comparison sample, although 20% are deficient in CO emission. Because of their large optical luminosity, low metallicity is not likely the main cause for the low CO luminosity. The CO deficiency appears linked with the group evolution, and gas exhaustion through past star formation and removal of the external gas reserve by tidal stripping of the outer H I disk offer a possible explanation. The IRAS data for the entire redshift-limited complete sample of 161 HCG galaxies were reanalyzed using ADDSCAN/SCANPI, improving the sensitivity by a factor of 3-5 over the existing Point Source Catalog (PSC) and resolving better the contribution from individual galaxies. The new analysis of the IRAS data confirms the previous suggestion that FIR emission in HCG galaxies is similar to isolated, Virgo Cluster, and weakly interacting galaxies. Their H2 and FIR characteristics yield a star formation efficiency that is similar to that of these comparison samples. A factor 2 enhancement in the 25-100 μm flux ratio among the HCG spirals is found, which suggests intense localized nuclear starburst activity similar to that of H II galaxies. A number of early-type galaxies in HCGs are detected in CO and FIR, lending further support to the idea that tidal interactions and tidally induced evolution of the groups and member galaxies are important in our sample.
33. Noburo Yamazaki, Otto Vogl, Seiichi Nakahama
Deep Water Formation And Poleward Ocean Heat Transport In The Warm Climate Extreme Of The Cretaceous (80 Ma), Esther C. Brady, Robert M. Deconto, Starley L. Thompson
Deep Water Formation And Poleward Ocean Heat Transport In The Warm Climate Extreme Of The Cretaceous (80 Ma), Esther C. Brady, Robert M. Deconto, Starley L. Thompson
Robert M DeConto
An ocean simulation of the “greenhouse” climate of the Late Cretaceous, about 80 million years ago (Ma), demonstrates that warm salty deep water, consistent with proxy climate data, can be formed by cooling in the high latitude Southern Hemisphere. This is contrary to the long standing hypothesis of deep water formation due to evaporation over low latitude marginal seas. A reduced equator to pole temperature gradient is maintained with a poleward ocean heat transport that is not larger than today's.
On Distortion And Thickness Of Knots, Robert B. Kusner, John M. Sullivan
On Distortion And Thickness Of Knots, Robert B. Kusner, John M. Sullivan
Robert Kusner
What length of rope (of given diameter) is required to tie a particular knot? Or, to turn the problem around, given an embedded curve, how thick a regular neighborhood of the curve also is embedded? Intuitively, the diameter of the possible rope is bounded by the distance between strands at the closest crossing in the knot. But of course the distance between two points along a curve goes to zero as the points approach each other, so to make the notion precise, we need to exclude some neighborhood of the diagonal.
Ionic Hydrogen Bonds In Bioenergetics. 3. Proton Transport In Membranes, Modeled By Ketone/Water Clusters, Michael Meot-Ner, Steve Scheiner, Edward Yu
Ionic Hydrogen Bonds In Bioenergetics. 3. Proton Transport In Membranes, Modeled By Ketone/Water Clusters, Michael Meot-Ner, Steve Scheiner, Edward Yu
Edward Yu
Hydrogen bond networks in protonated acetone/water clusters are stabilized by H3O+(Me2CO)2 centers, and the stabilizaton increases with further acetone content. For example, proton transfer from neat water (H2O)6H+ clusters to form mixed (Me2CO)3(H2O)3H+ clusters is exothermic by 80 kJ/mol (19 kcal/mol), due to strong hydrogen bonding of the carbonyl groups; in a series of mixed clusters B3(H2O)3H+, the stability of the hydrogen bond network correlates with the proton affinities PA(B). In diketone models of adjacent peptide links, the proton is stabilized by internal hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl groups. The internal bonds can be significant, for example, 31 kJ/mol (7 …
Evaluation Of Chloride And Pesticide Transport In A Fractured Clayey Till Using Large Undisturbed Columns And Numerical Modeling, Peter R. Jorgensen, Larry Mckay, Niels H. Spliid
Evaluation Of Chloride And Pesticide Transport In A Fractured Clayey Till Using Large Undisturbed Columns And Numerical Modeling, Peter R. Jorgensen, Larry Mckay, Niels H. Spliid
Larry McKay
Saturated groundwater flow and tracer experiments using fluorescent dye, chloride, and the herbicides mecoprop and simazine were carried out in the laboratory using three large-diameter (0.5 m) undisturbed columns of fractured clayey till. Hydraulic conductivity of the columns ranged from 10−5 m/s in the shallowest column (1 m dept)) to 10−7 m/s in the deepest column (4 m depth) and were similar to field-measured values for these deposits. Results of the tracer experiments are consistent with a conceptual model of advective transport along the fractures combined with diffusion into the fine-grained matrix between the fractures. Arrival of the chloride tracer …
Cell Size Dependence Of Transport Coefficients In Stochastic Particle Algorithms, Alejandro Garcia, F. Alexander, B. Alder
Cell Size Dependence Of Transport Coefficients In Stochastic Particle Algorithms, Alejandro Garcia, F. Alexander, B. Alder
Alejandro Garcia
Using the Green–Kubo theory, the dependence of the viscosity and thermal conductivity on cell size is obtained explicitly for stochastic particle methods such as direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) and its generalization, the consistent Boltzmann algorithm (CBA). These analytical results confirm empirical observations that significant errors occur when the cell dimensions are larger than a mean free path.
Twisting Of X-Ray Isophotes In Triaxial Galaxies, Aaron J. Romanowsky, C. S. Kochanek
Twisting Of X-Ray Isophotes In Triaxial Galaxies, Aaron J. Romanowsky, C. S. Kochanek
Aaron J. Romanowsky
We investigate X-ray isophote twists created by triaxiality differences between the luminous stellar distributions and the dark halos in elliptical galaxies. For a typically oblate luminous galaxy embedded in a more prolate halo formed by dissipationless collapse, the triaxiality difference of ΔT simeq 0.7 leads to typical isophote twists of langΔψXrang simeq 16° ± 19° at 3 effective stellar radii. In a model that includes baryonic dissipation, the effect is smaller, with ΔT simeq 0.3 and langΔψXrang simeq 5° ± 8°. Thus, accurate measurements of X-ray isophote twists may be able to set constraints on the interactions between baryons and …
Radicals, Metals And Magnetism, David J R Brook
Radicals, Metals And Magnetism, David J R Brook
David J. R. Brook
The interaction between unpaired electrons governs many physical properties of materials. Although in a fundamental sense the interaction is simple, a full understanding of the interaction in molecular systems is complicated by the presence of other bonding and non-bonding electrons. The resulting many body problem is very challenging. Nevertheless, much qualitative understanding can be obtained from applying simple molecular orbital theory and considering only the partly filled orbitals. The resulting model can be used to describe existing diradical and metal-radical systems and also has predicative value in the search for molecular magnets and design of nanoscale devices.
Geometry,Mechanisms, And Significance Of Extensional Folds From Examples In The Rockymountain Basin And Range Province, Susanne U. Janecke, C. J. Vandenburg, J. J. Blankenau
Geometry,Mechanisms, And Significance Of Extensional Folds From Examples In The Rockymountain Basin And Range Province, Susanne U. Janecke, C. J. Vandenburg, J. J. Blankenau
Susanne U. Janecke
No abstract provided.
Overcoming The Multiplex‐Disadvantage Using Maximum‐Likelihood Inversion, Stephen E. Bialkowski
Overcoming The Multiplex‐Disadvantage Using Maximum‐Likelihood Inversion, Stephen E. Bialkowski
Stephen E. Bialkowski
A maximum-likelihood estimator, derived under quantum-noiselimited measurement conditions, is used to obtain wavenumber-ordered spectra produced by a model Michelson interferometer. The estimator is tested on a number of synthetic interferograms, and results are compared to similar spectra obtained by using the Fourier (cosine) transform. It is found that the maximum-likelihood inversion method does not result in white noise in the spectrum estimate when the spectrum is sparse. It thus may be used to circumvent the main disadvantage in multiplexed spectrometer measurements using quantum-noise-limited detectors for emissionbased measurements. It is also found that maximum-likelihood inversion methods can be used to obtain …
Games To Teach Mathematical Modelling, James A. Powell, J. Cangelosi, A. M. Harris
Games To Teach Mathematical Modelling, James A. Powell, J. Cangelosi, A. M. Harris
James A. Powell
We discuss the use of in-class games to create realistic situations for mathematical modelling. Two games are presented which are appropriate for use in post-calculus settings. The first game reproduces predator{prey oscillations and the second game simulates disease propagation in a mixing population. When used creatively these games encourage students to model realistic data and apply mathematical concepts to understanding the data.
Active Tectonics And Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks, Ann Blythe
Active Tectonics And Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks, Ann Blythe
Ann Blythe
This chapter compares modern exhumation and surface uplift rates with the rates needed for the preservation of ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks. The highest recorded exhumation rates of ~ 5–10 mm/a are inferred from isotopic and fission-track analyses in the Himalaya, Southern Alps of New Zealand, and D’Entrecasteaux Islands. Similar rates (~7 mm/a) of surface uplift are measured from leveling surveys in Nepal and correlations of marine terraces in the Southern Alps. In Nepal, however, this surface uplift rate is occurring despite erosion, and the true rate of surface uplift is probably considerably higher. In restraining bends along the San …
The Harmonic Oscillator Propagator, Br Holstein
The Harmonic Oscillator Propagator, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
The Feynman propagator for the harmonic oscillator is evaluated by a variety of path-integral-based means.
Answer To Question #76. Neutrino Mass And Helicity, Br Holstein
Answer To Question #76. Neutrino Mass And Helicity, Br Holstein
Barry R Holstein
No abstract provided.
Short Time Fourier Transform, Integral Wavelet Transform, And Wavelet Functions Associated With Splines, Tian-Xiao He
Short Time Fourier Transform, Integral Wavelet Transform, And Wavelet Functions Associated With Splines, Tian-Xiao He
Tian-Xiao He
In this article, we discuss short time Fourier transforms, integral wavelet transforms, and wavelet series expansions associated with spline functions in shift-invariant spaces of B-splines. A recurrence relation formula and the corresponding algorithm about the B-wavelets are also given.
Isolation And Structure Of Sc2@C74 And Sc2@C76, Harry Dorn, Steven Stevenson, Paul Burbank, Kim Harich, Z. Sun, T. Glass, Mark Anderson, Donald Bethune, M. Sherwood
Isolation And Structure Of Sc2@C74 And Sc2@C76, Harry Dorn, Steven Stevenson, Paul Burbank, Kim Harich, Z. Sun, T. Glass, Mark Anderson, Donald Bethune, M. Sherwood
Mark R. Anderson
No abstract is currently available.