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1997

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Water Current, Volume 29, No. 3, June 1997 Jun 1997

Water Current, Volume 29, No. 3, June 1997

Water Current Newsletter

Earth Wellness Festival Gets One of Three IANR Cooperative Extension Team Awards
From the Director: Water Resources Tour; Research Proposals
Conservation Runs in the Family; Elm Creek HUA Gets Boost from Demonstration Farm
Water Sciences Lab Gives Workshops
Blue River Basin Water Quality Team Wins IANR Initiative Award
Irrigation Council Tour to Visit Western Colorado
Water News Briefs
Don't Pass the Salt, Please
Information, Please
Survey Says
Midwest Entering "Little Ice Age?"
Rivers and History
Groundwater Protection Tools for the New Era is Symposium Topic
Record Numbers of Sites to Recycle Pesticide Containers

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Table Of Contents Volume Eight, Number Three, Summer 1997, Risk Editorial Board Jun 1997

Table Of Contents Volume Eight, Number Three, Summer 1997, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Table of contents for the journal RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673)

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National Drought Mitigation Center Involved In Development Of Natural Hazards Map, Michael J. Hayes Jun 1997

National Drought Mitigation Center Involved In Development Of Natural Hazards Map, Michael J. Hayes

Drought Network News (1994-2001)

The National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC) is involved in a project with several other agencies and organizations in Canada, Mexico, and the United States to develop a map of the major natural hazards that threaten North America. Work on the project began in February 1995. Since then, there have been three working group meetings, with the most recent meeting taking place in Guadalajara, Mexico, in February 1997. Project leaders include Dr. Chris Tucker (Emergency Preparedness Canada), Dr. Joe Golden (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA]), Dr. Rosalind Helz (U.S. Geological Society [USGS]), and Dr. Mario Ordaz- Schroeder (Centro Nacional de …

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Workshop On Drought And Desertification: Report On The Workshop And Recommendations, J. Lomas Jun 1997

Workshop On Drought And Desertification: Report On The Workshop And Recommendations, J. Lomas

Drought Network News (1994-2001)

The Workshop on Drought and Desertification was held in Israel from 26 to 30 May 1997. Forty-four participants from Africa, Asia, and Europe took part in the Workshop, which was sponsored by WMO. Three foreign experts provided in-depth analysis on drought and drought preparedness—Dr. O. Brunini (Campinas, Brazil), Prof. S. Mei (CAAS, Beijing, China), and Dr. D. Wilhite (University of Nebraska, USA), in addition to the Israeli lecturers.

Presentations by lecturers and discussions were conducted under the following four main headings:
1. Drought and Desertification Definitions.
2. Drought Causes and Management Response.
3. Drought Monitoring and Mitigation.
4. Assessing Drought …

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Localized Severe Drought During 1996 And Its Impact On Crop Production In Raipur District Of Central India, J. S. Urkurkar, V. K. Koshta, Diwakar Naidu, A. S. R. A. S. Sastri Jun 1997

Localized Severe Drought During 1996 And Its Impact On Crop Production In Raipur District Of Central India, J. S. Urkurkar, V. K. Koshta, Diwakar Naidu, A. S. R. A. S. Sastri

Drought Network News (1994-2001)

In Raipur district, the onset of the monsoon occurred in the 25th standard meteorological week (June 18–24). But after the onset of monsoonal rains, there was a lull in the monsoon for about 2 consecutive weeks. In the 28th week (July 9–15), the district received 77.6 mm of rainfall. This was equal to the normal value for that week. In the following (29th) week, the district received 96.8 mm rainfall, 38.9% more than the normal rainfall for that week.

Thus, the rice, soybean, and other crops sown with the onset of the monsoon in the 25th week suffered from acute …

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Charge Transfer Between Neutral Atoms And Highly Ionized Species: Implications For Iso Observations, Gary J. Ferland, K. T. Korista, D. A. Verner, A. Dalgarno Jun 1997

Charge Transfer Between Neutral Atoms And Highly Ionized Species: Implications For Iso Observations, Gary J. Ferland, K. T. Korista, D. A. Verner, A. Dalgarno

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

We estimate rate coefficients for charge transfer between neutral hydrogen and helium and moderately to highly ionized heavy elements. Although charge transfer does not have much influence on hot collisionally ionized plasmas, its effects on photoionized plasmas can be profound. We present several photoionization models that illustrate the significant effect of charge transfer on the far-infrared lines detected by ISO.

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Coyote Food Habits At Desoto National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, Jeffrey J. Huebschman, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Joseph A. Gubanyi Jun 1997

Coyote Food Habits At Desoto National Wildlife Refuge, Nebraska, Jeffrey J. Huebschman, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Joseph A. Gubanyi

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Coyote (Canis latrans) food habits were detennined from 490 scats collected from October 1994 to October 1995 at DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge (DNWR), along the Nebraska/Iowa border. Mammals occurred most frequently, as measured by percent-of-scats (POS) , followed by vegetation, birds, and invertebrates. Mammals also constituted the largest portion of coyote diet, as determined by fresh weight correction factors. Within the mammalian category, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) occurred most frequently and constituted the largest portion of diet by fresh weight correction factors. White-tailed deer occurrence and importance in diet peaked in June, which corresponds to the …

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Koncepcja Monitoringu Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Wokół Elektrowni “Jaworzno Iii” Mobilną Stacją Pomiarową, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Ryszard Kozakiewicz Jun 1997

Koncepcja Monitoringu Zanieczyszczeń Powietrza Wokół Elektrowni “Jaworzno Iii” Mobilną Stacją Pomiarową, Marian Mazur, Robert Oleniacz, Marek Bogacki, Ryszard Kozakiewicz

Robert Oleniacz

The paper presents the concept of air pollution monitoring around the Power Plant "Jaworzno III" (Poland) with the use of the mobile station. Aim of the new monitoring system is to provide information about the current state of air pollution and to enable an assessment of the environmental implications of the use of low-emission burners, run the installation of flue gas desulphurisation and changes in the way of releasing flue gases into the atmosphere. Due to economic, technical and practical the monitoring system was based on a single mobile station. Measurements will be carried out in a random scheme at …

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Effect Size And Power For Clinical Trials Using Years Of Healthy Life As The Primary Endpoint, Paula Diehr Jun 1997

Effect Size And Power For Clinical Trials Using Years Of Healthy Life As The Primary Endpoint, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

Some clinical trials perform repeated measurements on patients over time, plot those measures against time, and summarize the results in terms of the area under the curve. If the measured variable is health status, the summary outcome is sometimes referred to as years of healthy life (YHL), or quality-adjusted life years (QALY). This paper investigates some theoretical and practical aspects of randomized trials designed to assess measures such as YHL. We first derived algebraic expressions for the effect size of YHL measures under several theoretical models of the treatment's effect on health. We used these expressions to examine how the …

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40. Otto Vogl, Joseph C. Salamone Jun 1997

40. Otto Vogl, Joseph C. Salamone

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

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Discrete Tomography: Determination Of Finite Sets By X-Rays, Richard J. Gardner, Peter Gritzmann Jun 1997

Discrete Tomography: Determination Of Finite Sets By X-Rays, Richard J. Gardner, Peter Gritzmann

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We study the determination of finite subsets of the integer lattice Zn, n ≥ 2, by X-rays. In this context, an X-ray of a set in a direction u gives the number of points in the set on each line parallel to u. For practical reasons, only X-rays in lattice directions, that is, directions parallel to a nonzero vector in the lattice, are permitted. By combining methods from algebraic number theory and convexity, we prove that there are Sour prescribed lattice directions such that convex subsets of Zn (i.e., finite subsets F with F = Z …

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The Probe, Issue 177 - June 1997 Jun 1997

The Probe, Issue 177 - June 1997

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

CONTENTS:
What Is Urbanization Doing to the Future of Wildlife Management?
CALENDAR OF UPCOMING EVENTS
New Gas Cartridges Available
NWCO News
Trapping Video Available
New Web Page Available
NWCOs: A Letter of Response
Legislative Update: Wildlife Refuge Bill Advances
Colorado Resolution to Support Hunting Rights
Vermont, Oregon Bills Would Restrict Trapping
Idaho Bill Makes Initiatives More Difficult
More ADC in the News: Grizzly Reintroduction Plan Supported
FWS Proposes Coyote Kill to Protect Deer
Bat Rabies Contracted Without Bite
Idaho Ranchers Oppose Lion Study
Texas Completed Oral Rabies Project
Low Success in Alabama Spear Season
Colorado Urban Coyote Problems Continue
Latest …

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Improving Data Availability In Mobile Computing Using Prewrite Operations, Sanjay Kumar Madria, Bharat Bhargava Jun 1997

Improving Data Availability In Mobile Computing Using Prewrite Operations, Sanjay Kumar Madria, Bharat Bhargava

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Exploiting And-Or Parallelism In Prolog: The Oasys Computational Model And Abstract Architecture, I. P. Vlachavas Jun 1997

Exploiting And-Or Parallelism In Prolog: The Oasys Computational Model And Abstract Architecture, I. P. Vlachavas

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Seed Sets And Search Structures For Accelerated Isocontouring, Chandrajit L. Bajaj, Valerio Pasucci, Daniel R. Schikore Jun 1997

Seed Sets And Search Structures For Accelerated Isocontouring, Chandrajit L. Bajaj, Valerio Pasucci, Daniel R. Schikore

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Practical Sliced Configuration Spaces For Curved Planar Pairs, Elisha Sacks Jun 1997

Practical Sliced Configuration Spaces For Curved Planar Pairs, Elisha Sacks

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Solving Composite Problems With Interface Relaxation, Mo Mu Jun 1997

Solving Composite Problems With Interface Relaxation, Mo Mu

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Positive Braids With A Half Twist Are Prime, Michael C. Sullivan Jun 1997

Positive Braids With A Half Twist Are Prime, Michael C. Sullivan

Articles and Preprints

We shall prove that a knot which can be represented by a positive braid with a half twist is prime. This is done by associating to each such braid a smooth branched 2-manifold with boundary and studying its intersection with a would-be cutting sphere.

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Degenerate Layer At Gan/Sapphire Interface: Influence On Hall-Effect Measurements, David C. Look, Richard J. Molnar Jun 1997

Degenerate Layer At Gan/Sapphire Interface: Influence On Hall-Effect Measurements, David C. Look, Richard J. Molnar

Physics Faculty Publications

Temperature-dependent Hall-effect measurements in hydride vapor phase epitaxial GaN grown on sapphire can be well fitted over the temperature range 10–400 K by assuming a thin, degenerate n-type region at the GaN/sapphire interface. This degenerate interfacial region dominates the electrical properties below 30 K, but also significantly affects those properties even at 400 K, and can cause a second, deeper donor to falsely appear in the analysis. However, by using a two-layer Hall model, the bulk mobility and carrier concentration can be accurately ascertained.

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Observation Of Large Diurnal Warming Events In The Near-Surface Layer Of The Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas Jun 1997

Observation Of Large Diurnal Warming Events In The Near-Surface Layer Of The Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Because of the relatively calm winds which prevail over the western Pacific warm pool, the diurnal cycle of temperature in the near-surface layer of the ocean is often quite pronounced. During the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE), very high resolution measurements of near-surface thermohaline and turbulence structures were made using bowmounted probes and a free-rising profiler. Experimental data demonstrate a strong dependence of near-surface thermal structure on weather conditions, In calm weather, SST was observed to exceed 33.25°C; this was associated with a diurnal warming of more than 3°C in the top I m of the ocean. A 1-D …

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An Administrative View Of Model Uncertainty In Public Health, Clark D. Carrington Jun 1997

An Administrative View Of Model Uncertainty In Public Health, Clark D. Carrington

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Carrington reviews several ways to deal with model uncertainty, including those failing to acknowledge any use of models. He then evaluates six such methods with regard to, e.g., transparency and cost of execution.

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Reassessing The History Of U.S. Hazardous Waste Disposal Policy - Problem Definition, Expert Knowledge And Agenda-Setting, Halina Szejnwald Brown, Brian J. Cook, Robert Krueger, Shatkin Jun 1997

Reassessing The History Of U.S. Hazardous Waste Disposal Policy - Problem Definition, Expert Knowledge And Agenda-Setting, Halina Szejnwald Brown, Brian J. Cook, Robert Krueger, Shatkin

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors show that in the 1940's technical consensus began to develop about the effects of land-based waste disposal on groundwater degradation. They go on to explain why this understanding was only slowly reflected in federal legislation.

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Strategy For Cost-Effective Reduction Of The Sum Of Health Risk Estimates For Exposures To Mixtures Of Toxic Substances, David W. Gaylor, James J. Chen Jun 1997

Strategy For Cost-Effective Reduction Of The Sum Of Health Risk Estimates For Exposures To Mixtures Of Toxic Substances, David W. Gaylor, James J. Chen

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors argue that a minimization approach can provide guidance for effective use of funds to reduce the sum of estimated risks or the upper limit of the sum of risk estimates for mixtures of chemicals.

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Book Review Of Joshua M. Epstein & Robert Axtell, Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science From The Bottom Up (Mit Press 1996), Sean D. Detweiler Jun 1997

Book Review Of Joshua M. Epstein & Robert Axtell, Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science From The Bottom Up (Mit Press 1996), Sean D. Detweiler

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of the book Joshua M. Epstein & Robert Axtell, Growing Artificial Societies: Social Science from the Bottom Up (MIT Press 1996). Acknowledgements, appendices, index, introduction references. LC 96-25332; ISBN 0-262-05053-6. [208 pp. Cloth $39.95. 55 Hayward St., Cambridge MA 02142.]

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Calibration Methodology And Multiple Tip Structure By Scanning Tunneling Microscopy., Michael Stephen Gossman Jun 1997

Calibration Methodology And Multiple Tip Structure By Scanning Tunneling Microscopy., Michael Stephen Gossman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The scanning tunneling microscope has been in commercial use just over a decade. Due to its Quantum Mechanical nature, experiments in this area have been widely publicized to the scientific community. The apparatus is steadily growing easier to use, though fundamental problems are still present. In the first chapter, an address is given on the modem theory of tunneling to rationalize the conclusions Physicists made long ago about this phenomenon. The expanded theory generalizes the mathematical motivation for attempting such unique experiments and serves as a lead-in for the major components of the apparatus. Many texts do not quantize what …

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The Effect Of Protein Environment And Ring Substitution On The Electrostatic Charges, Dipole Moment, And Ultraviolet Spectra Of Flavin, Jared Berger Jun 1997

The Effect Of Protein Environment And Ring Substitution On The Electrostatic Charges, Dipole Moment, And Ultraviolet Spectra Of Flavin, Jared Berger

Honors Theses

Old Yellow Enzyme is an interesting protein clue to its involvement in many biochemical systems, such as bioluminescence and degradation of variety of substrates. The flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is the active site of the protein. The FMN is an isoalloxazine ring with a phospholipid tail, which attaches to the protein through a phosphate group and hydrogen bonding in the hydrophilic section of the ring system. My research is a theoretical, computational calculation, which uses Spartan, a quantum mechanical calculation program, to determine how the dipole moment and electrostatic charges change upon the substitution of the FMN and within the protein …

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Molecular Recognition Of Blunt-Ended Dna, Michael D. Farwell Jun 1997

Molecular Recognition Of Blunt-Ended Dna, Michael D. Farwell

Honors Theses

Many important enzymatic and physical processes occur specifically at the ends of DNA molecules. The goal of this project was to develop a molecule that would be an effective probe of the chemistry a. the ends of DNA. To do this, ethidium bromide, a well-known intercalation (a molecule that binds between DNA base pairs), was blocked to intercalation with bulky t-butyl groups. We proposed that this new molecule would preferentially bind to blunt-ended DNA, where there is much less steric hindrance. The synthesized molecule was characterized by NMR, Fluorescence, UV/Vis, and Mass Spectroscopy. Supporting data were acquired through fluorescence lifetime …

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Methylene Blue Doped Sol-Gels Preparation And Application As Fiber-Optic Fluorescence Sensors, Dawn M. Landry Jun 1997

Methylene Blue Doped Sol-Gels Preparation And Application As Fiber-Optic Fluorescence Sensors, Dawn M. Landry

Honors Theses

The goal of this thesis project was to create a Methylene Blue (MB) doped sol-gel fiber-optic fluorescence sensor. Ideally this sensor would be capable of detecting changes in sulfite concentration in solution continuously and reversibly. In aqueous solution, MB, a redox indicator, is converted from a bright blue color to the colorless leuco-MB species upon exposure to sulfite or other reducing agents. This reaction is reversible in the presence of an oxidizing agent Therefore, if MB can be immobilized properly, it would make a suitable reversible indicator for the sulfite anion in solution. The method of MB immobilization employed in …

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Comparison Of Outgassing And Surface Reactivity Of Graphic Substrates, Philip Ross Tavernier Jun 1997

Comparison Of Outgassing And Surface Reactivity Of Graphic Substrates, Philip Ross Tavernier

Honors Theses

Materials constructed of carbon are widely used in applications requiring high emissivity at temperatures above 1300°C. The ability to transmit heat efficiently makes these materials an excellent choice for use with x-ray tubes. However, heating carbon substrates to high temperatures also leads to thermal desorption of surface bound species. The release of these species increases the total vapor pressure inside sealed x-ray tubes. Our present study considers the outgassing of these carbon substrates as a function of temperature, as a result of their reactivity towards oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. By modeling the factors that influence outgassing …

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Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Short Salt And Non-Salt Bridged Peptides, Clark K.N. Choi Jun 1997

Design, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Short Salt And Non-Salt Bridged Peptides, Clark K.N. Choi

Honors Theses

Peptides with secondary characteristics such as α-helices are among the most important structures in nature. Previous studies from Baldwin and coworkers have shown that short alanine-based peptides with specific salt spacing adopt helical conformations. In the study of helix formation, we have synthesized our versions of alanine- and glutamine-based peptides with (i, i + 4) and (i, i + 5) salt spacing. The design of the salt bridge is most suitable when it contains (i, i + 4) salt spacing. The rational is that the (i, i + 4) salt spacing yields a value close to 3.6, the number of …

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