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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 2574
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Symposia
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Abstracts from the Symposia Papers given at the 66th Annual Meeting for the Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science.
Winchell Papers
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Abstracts from the Winchell Papers given at the 66th Annual Meeting for the Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science.
Winchell Posters
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Abstracts from the Winchell Posters given at the 66th Annual Meeting for the Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science.
Climatology And Interannual Variability Of Wind Speeds In And Around Minnesota, Kevin J. Lawless, Katherine Klink
Climatology And Interannual Variability Of Wind Speeds In And Around Minnesota, Kevin J. Lawless, Katherine Klink
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
Wind is receiving renewed attention as an energy resource. Unfortunately, many wind energy assessments are based on records that may not be representative of the long-term wind resource. To better evaluate wind energy potential in and around Minnesota, we analyze wind speeds from 1961 to 1990 for seven stations in the region at a height of about 6.1 m above ground level. We used hourly and three-hourly speed observations to develop a 30-year time series of mean monthly wind speeds, their maxima and minima, and the diurnal wind speed range. Simple linear regression was used to evaluate long-term trends in …
Letter To The Editor, John C. Wheeler
Letter To The Editor, John C. Wheeler
Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Timing Analysis Of Targeted Hunter Searches, John W. Jones, David P. Roberts
Timing Analysis Of Targeted Hunter Searches, John W. Jones, David P. Roberts
Mathematics Publications
One can determine all primitive number fields of a given degree and discriminant with a finite search of potential defining polynomials. We develop an asymptotic formula for the number of polynomials which need to be inspected which reflects both archimedean and non-archimedean restrictions placed on the coefficients of a defining polynomial.
Strictly Level-Decreasing Logic Programs, Pascal Hitzler, Anthony K. Seda
Strictly Level-Decreasing Logic Programs, Pascal Hitzler, Anthony K. Seda
Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications
We study strictly level-decreasing logic programs (sld-programs) as defined earlier by the present authors. It will be seen that sld-programs, unlike most other classes of logic programs, have both a highly intuitive declarative semantics, given as a unique supported model, and are computationally adequate in the sense that every partial recursive function can be represented by some sld-program P. Allowing for a safe use of cuts, an interpreter based on SLDNF-resolution, as implemented for example in standard Prolog systems, is shown to be sound and complete with respect to this class of programs. Furthermore, we study connections between topological …
Orthogonal Harmonic Analysis Of Fractal Measures, Palle Jorgensen, Steen Pedersen
Orthogonal Harmonic Analysis Of Fractal Measures, Palle Jorgensen, Steen Pedersen
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
We show that certain iteration systems lead to fractal measures admitting an exact orthogonal harmonic analysis.
Building The Research Foundations Of Outdoor Education, Karen M. Fox, Leo H. Mcavoy, Anderson B. Young
Building The Research Foundations Of Outdoor Education, Karen M. Fox, Leo H. Mcavoy, Anderson B. Young
Research in Outdoor Education
A preface to the journal "Research in Outdoor Education," volume 4 is presented by the authors on behalf of the Coalition for Education in the Outdoors (CEO) Research Committee.
An Integrative Review Of The Literature On Women In The Outdoors, Karla Henderson, Nina Roberts
An Integrative Review Of The Literature On Women In The Outdoors, Karla Henderson, Nina Roberts
Research in Outdoor Education
The intent of this integrative review was to examine approaches used in the existing literature about women and the outdoors, to determine the status of current research, and to suggest implications for the future.
Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)
Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)
Research in Outdoor Education
The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors initiated a Research Task Force in 1990 with the purpose of supporting the conduct of research in the field and the dissemination of the results. The symposium at Bradford Woods and these proceedings offer evidence of the success of this task force. At the first symposium in 1992, there was general agreement that the symposium be a regular occurrence. The 1994, 1996 and 1998 Symposia and these Proceedings are indicators of the Coalition's continued support of research in outdoor education. Information on future events will be available through the Coalition office.
This article …
"A Sense Of Competence." Re-Conceptualizing Issues Of Competence For Women In Outdoor Education, T. A. Loeffler
"A Sense Of Competence." Re-Conceptualizing Issues Of Competence For Women In Outdoor Education, T. A. Loeffler
Research in Outdoor Education
Competence development in outdoor education is a complex process that is shaped by gender-role socialization, learning environments, and by individual differences. Outdoor educators need to further their understanding of this process so they can fully empower themselves and their students. Outdoor programs need to be designed to support the development of both competence in outdoor skills and a sense of competence in these skills so program participants will be able to fully participate in outdoor activities. This abstract provides an introduction to the issue of competence development and further discussion of this topic is available in Loeffler (1997).
Self-Efficacy And Adventure Programs: Transferring Outcomes To Everyday Life, Todd Paxton, Leo H. Mcavoy
Self-Efficacy And Adventure Programs: Transferring Outcomes To Everyday Life, Todd Paxton, Leo H. Mcavoy
Research in Outdoor Education
In the field of outdoor education, the belief that outdoor adventure programs have the ability to increase the participants' self-efficacy has long been. used to defend program existence and to give more credibility to the discipline (Berman & Berman, 1994; Cockrell, 1991; Ewert, 1989; Miles & Priest, 1990). Although outdoor adventure programs are based on the assumption that a positive effect on individuals' self-efficacy will carry over into the participants' lives after the course, there is little empirical research on this topic. In Hattie, Marsh, Neill, & Richards' (1997) meta-analysis of research on adventure programs, they point out the need …
Factors Affecting The Personal And Social Outcomes Of Organized Camping, Marta K. Moorman
Factors Affecting The Personal And Social Outcomes Of Organized Camping, Marta K. Moorman
Research in Outdoor Education
Summer camp holds a special place in the minds of children. thoughts of camp bring images of swimming, hiking, laughing and making new friends. According to Dustiri (1989), the secret of organized camping is that camp is on a finite, human scale. Anyone can make a difference in their own comer of the world. Another important aspect of camp (Dustin, 1994) is creating a place for children to be children, not ''miniature adults" (p.28). Chenery (1984) sees the essential contribution of camp as. providing children with a space for spiritual development. Many factors could influence what sort of experiences campers …
Outdoor Leader Self Awareness And Its Relationship To Co-Leaders' Perceptions Of Influence, Mark C. Wagstaff
Outdoor Leader Self Awareness And Its Relationship To Co-Leaders' Perceptions Of Influence, Mark C. Wagstaff
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between outdoor leader self-awareness and co-leaders' perceptions of leader influence. Self-awareness was based on the concept of self-actualization (Maslow, 1968, 1970, 1971). The construct of influence was operationalized as power (French & Raven, 1959).
Validity And Reliability Of The Outdoor Education Practicum Questionnaire, Thomas J. Quinn
Validity And Reliability Of The Outdoor Education Practicum Questionnaire, Thomas J. Quinn
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to design a reliable and valid instrument to measure perceived levels of anxiety of students enrolled in a resident outdoor adventure education course, and to support a four factor model of perceived levels of anxiety of students in such programs. The four proposed factors or latent variables include: 1) Level of Control, 2) Program Inadequacies, 3) Personal Inadequacies, and 4) Level of Comfort.
Validating Predictors To Determine Optimal Adventure In Whitewater Kayaking, Chris D. Jones, Steven J. Hollenhurst
Validating Predictors To Determine Optimal Adventure In Whitewater Kayaking, Chris D. Jones, Steven J. Hollenhurst
Research in Outdoor Education
This study attempts to validate predictors of optimal adventure within an on-site whitewater kayaking setting using a modification of the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). Based on the flow theory and Martin and Priest's (1986) Adventure Experience Paradigm, it was expected that measures of challenge-skill and risk-competence would be correlated and predict indicators of an optimal or peak adventure experience. Additionally, it was expected that differences would be found in the levels of perceived challenge and risk according to the difficulty of river stages.
Pitfalls To Avoid In Adventure Education Outcome Research, Jim Sibthorp
Pitfalls To Avoid In Adventure Education Outcome Research, Jim Sibthorp
Research in Outdoor Education
There has been much consensus that adventure education needs more theory building and theory testing, yet the methodological problems associated with much of the empirical and quantitative research are making this a daunting task. Future . research endeavors should (a) make comparisons t}lat make sense, (b) use random assignment to experimental and control/comparison groups, (c) use and report appropriate statistical procedures, ( d) take care to assess validity of research instruments for populations under study, (e) be willing to openly discuss project biases and limitations.
Efficacy Of A Tr Self-Esteem Program For Adolescents With Emotional Disturbances In A Treatment Setting, Ramon B. Zabriskie
Efficacy Of A Tr Self-Esteem Program For Adolescents With Emotional Disturbances In A Treatment Setting, Ramon B. Zabriskie
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a modularized therapeutic recreation self-esteem program (that included outdoor adventure based components) provided for adolescents in a residential treatment center. Data were also collected on demographic variables including age, gender, and ethnicity. Subjects consisted of 112 adolescent patients ranging from ages 12 to 17, with an average length of stay of nine months to one year.
Learning Outdoor Recreation Skills In A Safe Place: Lessons From A Single Sex Program, Deb Jordan
Learning Outdoor Recreation Skills In A Safe Place: Lessons From A Single Sex Program, Deb Jordan
Research in Outdoor Education
The primary intent of this study was to ascertain the reasons women participate in single-sex outdoor recreation workshops to learn outdoor recreation skills. A secondary issue was to identify reasons for participation in outdoor recreation activities.
Evaluating Short Term And Long Term Retention Of Experiences Associated With An Interpretive School Field Trip, Jim Sibthorp, Doug Knapp
Evaluating Short Term And Long Term Retention Of Experiences Associated With An Interpretive School Field Trip, Jim Sibthorp, Doug Knapp
Research in Outdoor Education
The strong evidence that an interpretive experience can promote initial knowledge retention sets up a more difficult question: how long do these students hold on to . this information? More precisely, what do the students remember one month or more after the initial treatment? Are these memories associated with interpreter-derived program objectives or tertiary variables such as social or environmental factors? Can the memories from this experience impact a student's attitude toward the resource site? These are questions that are looked at through this pilot study evaluating short term and long term retention of experiences associated with an interpretive school …
The Future Of Research In Outdoor Education, Simon Priest
The Future Of Research In Outdoor Education, Simon Priest
Research in Outdoor Education
Editor's Note: The CEO research symposia have always included working sessions on topics and issues of concern to participants. At the fourth symposium, the topic was no less than "the future of research in our field." Masterfully facilitated by Simon Priest, symposium participants alternated between plenary sessions and smaller working groups and sought to develop agendas and strategies that might advance our field in important ways. Pleased with the results, everyone asked Simon to prepare a summary, which he promptly did and distributed by e-mail. For- the record, we conclude these proceedings by printing Simon Priest's outline-style summary of this …
Controversial Issues In Adventure Education, Tom Potter, Scott Wurdinger
Controversial Issues In Adventure Education, Tom Potter, Scott Wurdinger
Research in Outdoor Education
The book, Controversial Issues in Adventure Education, will address some of the most controversial topics in the field of adventure education. It will consist of 15 questions set up in a debate format where adventure education professional will present opposing viewpoints on each issue.
Far-Ultraviolet Spectra Of Starburst Galaxies: Stellar Population And The Kinematics Of The Interstellar Medium, Rosa M. Gonzalez Delgado, Claus Leitherer, Timothy Heckman, James D. Lowenthal, Henry C. Ferguson, Carmelle Robert
Far-Ultraviolet Spectra Of Starburst Galaxies: Stellar Population And The Kinematics Of The Interstellar Medium, Rosa M. Gonzalez Delgado, Claus Leitherer, Timothy Heckman, James D. Lowenthal, Henry C. Ferguson, Carmelle Robert
Astronomy: Faculty Publications
The far-ultraviolet spectra of the four starburst galaxies NGC 6090, Mrk 66, Mrk 1267, and IRAS 0833 + 6517 were observed with the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope during the Astro-2 mission. Additional data were obtained for IRAS 0833 + 6517 with the Goddard High-Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. We analyze the observations in terms of the stellar content and the kinematics of the interstellar medium, and we discuss the implications of these results for the interpretation of the ultraviolet spectra of high-redshift galaxies. Evolutionary synthesis models are used to constrain the star formation history from the absolute ultraviolet …
A Simplified Reservation And State Setup Protocol, Hari Adiseshu, Guru Parulkar, Subhash Suri
A Simplified Reservation And State Setup Protocol, Hari Adiseshu, Guru Parulkar, Subhash Suri
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
The last few years have seen the development of a model for Integrated Services Internet, which extends the traditional Internet by adding multiple service classes in addition to the traditional best effort service class, and a signaling protocol called RSVP for applications to reserve resources. While this framework has been standardized in the IETF WGs and the RSVP protocol has been defined, there has been no movement towards a commercial implementation of this framework, principally due to its perceived complexity and lack of scalability. This paper analyzes RSVP, discusses some of the its bottlenecks and shows how they can be …
Fault-Tolerant Mobile Ip, Rajib Ghosh, George Varghese
Fault-Tolerant Mobile Ip, Rajib Ghosh, George Varghese
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
We describe mechanisms to enhance the reliability and performance of Mobile IP. In Mobile IP today home agents and foreign agents are single points of failure and potential performance bottlenecks. For example, a home agent crash can lead to communication failure if the mobile is away from home. In this paper we describe new mechanisms to allow redundant home and foreign agents. Redundant agents can take over from each other in case of failure, and also split load amongst themselves. Our mechanisms are simple, transparent to existing mobile nodes, and compatible with the existing Mobile IP specification. We have implemented …
Router Plugins: A Modular And Extensible Software Framework For Modern High Performance Integrated Services Routers, Dan Decasper, Zubin Dittia, Guru Parulkar, Bernhard Plattner
Router Plugins: A Modular And Extensible Software Framework For Modern High Performance Integrated Services Routers, Dan Decasper, Zubin Dittia, Guru Parulkar, Bernhard Plattner
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
Present day routers typically employ monolithic operating systems which are not easily upgraded and extensible. WIth the rapid rate of protocol development it is becoming increasingly important to dynamically upgrade router software in an incremental fashion. We have designed and implemented a high performance, modular, extended integrated services router software architecture in the NetBSD operating system kernel. This architecture allows code modules, called plugins, to be dynamically added and configured at run time. One of the novel features of our design is the ability to bind different plugins to individual flows; this allows for distinct plugin implementations to seamlessly coexist …
The Playground Mediator: Visual Tool For Configuring And Debugging Distributed Applications, T. Paul Mccartney
The Playground Mediator: Visual Tool For Configuring And Debugging Distributed Applications, T. Paul Mccartney
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
The Mediator is a visual configuration tool for use with The Programmers' Playground distributed programming environment. With the Mediator, one can interactively launch distributed application modules, configured communication among the modules, observe communication patterns, interactively control module communication, kill running modules, and receive imported applications from a separate World Wide Web interface. This manual describes how to use the Mediator both as a stand-alone configuration tool and as a visual interface to the Playground Application Management System.
Lime: Linda Meets Mobility, Gian Pietro Picco, Amy L. Murphy, Gruia-Catalin Roman
Lime: Linda Meets Mobility, Gian Pietro Picco, Amy L. Murphy, Gruia-Catalin Roman
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
LIME is a system designed to assist in the rapid development of dependable mobile applications over both wired and ad hoc networks. Mobile agents reside on mobile hosts and all communication takes place via transiently shared tuple spaces distributed across the mobile hosts. The decoupled style of computing characterizing the Linda model is extended to the mobile environment. At the application level, both agents and hosts perceive movement as a sudden change of context. The set of tuples accessible by a particular agent residing on a given host is altered transparently in response to changes in the connectivity pattern among …
Environmental Stress Effects On Vigor, Mortality, And Growth In Northern Hardwood Forests Along A Pollution-Climate Gradient, Neil W. Macdonald, John A. Witter, David R. Reed, Andrew J. Burton, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Hal O. Liechty
Environmental Stress Effects On Vigor, Mortality, And Growth In Northern Hardwood Forests Along A Pollution-Climate Gradient, Neil W. Macdonald, John A. Witter, David R. Reed, Andrew J. Burton, Kurt S. Pregitzer, Hal O. Liechty
Peer Reviewed Publications
Concern exists over the effects of interacting environmental stresses on the ecological integrity of temperate forests. Coincidence of sensitivity to drought, increasing occurrence of defoliation, and elevated pollutant deposition has produced speculation that northern hardwood forests may be susceptible to the increased climatic stresses projected for the Great Lakes region. The objective of our study was to examine relationships among environmental stress factors, vigor, mortality, and growth in northern hardwood forests located along a pollution-climate gradient in the Great Lakes region. Between 1987 and 1993, we quantified climatic variables, pollutant deposition, insect defoliation, and tree vigor and growth at five …