Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Protein Fragmentation Due To Slow Highly Charged Ion Impact, Christiane Ruehlicke, Dieter Schneider, Markus Schneider, Robert D. Dubois, Rod Balhorn

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present first results of experiments on the fragmentation of biomolecules using highly charged heavy ions. Fragmentation and modification of oligopeptides, such as dimerization and attachment of ionic salt components, have been observed by means of mass spectrometry. Plasmid DNA molecules were imaged with an atomic force microscope after ion irradiation and profound molecular damage was found.

Applications Of Secondary Electron Energy- And Angular-Distributions To Spacecraft Charging, Neal Nickles, R. E. Davies

All Physics Faculty Presentations

Secondary electron (SE) emission from spacecraft surfaces as a result of energetic electron bombardment is a key process in the electrical charging of spacecraft. It has been suggested that incorporating more complete knowledge of the energy- and angular-distributions of secondary electrons is necessary to fully model how SE emission and spacecraft charging are affected by re-adsorption of low energy electrons in the presence of charge-induced electrostatic fields and ambient magnetic fields in the spacecraft environment. We present data for such energy- and angular-distributions from sputtered, polycrystalline gold surfaces. The data are compared to empirical SE emission models and found to …

Summary Of The Noaa/Utah Atmospheric Modification Program: 1990-1996, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Meterology

This final report summarizes physical investigations into the artificial nucleation ("seeding") of winter mountain clouds in central Utah during 1990-96. Program goals were to evaluate the effectiveness of the Utah operational cloud seeding program and to recommend improvements. Field programs employed a wide variety of instrumentation systems. Sophisticated numerical modeling was used in conjunction with the observational programs. Amounts and distributions of SLW (supercooled liquid water) cloud were investigated, as was transport and dispersion of ground-released seeding agents and tracer gases. Several experiments directly monitored ice crystals and snowfall rates resulting from either silver iodide (Agl) or liquid propane seeding. …

The Sharp Sobolev Inequality And The Banchoff-Pohl Inequality On Surfaces, Ralph Howard

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Vulnerability And Use Of Ground And Surface Waters In The Southern Mississippi Valley Region, H. D. Scott

Technical Reports

There is a concern in the Southern Mississippi River Valley of the United States over non-point source pollution of ground and surface waters resulting from activities associated with agricultural production. This agriculturally intensive region consists of two major land resource areas (MLRAs): Southern Mississippi Valley Silty Uplands (MLRA 134) and the Southern Mississippi Valley Alluvium (MLRA 131). Both MLRAs have level to undulating and rolling topography, relatively fertile soils and a climate particularly conducive for row crop production.

Vulnerability And Use Of Ground And Surface Waters In The Southern Mississippi Valley Region, H. Don Scott

Technical Reports

There is a concern in the Southern Mississippi River Valley of the United States over non-point source pollution of ground and surface waters resulting from activities associated with agricultural production. This agriculturally intensive region consists of two major land resource areas (MLRAs): Southern Mississippi Valley Silty Uplands (MLRA 134) and the Southern Mississippi Valley Alluvium (MLRA 131). Both MLRAs have level to undulating and rolling topography, relatively fertile soils and a climate particularly conducive for row crop production.

Gps Measurement Of Surface Deformation Around Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat From October 1995 To July 1996, Glen S. Mattioli, Timothy H. Dixon, Frederic Farina, Ellen S. Howell, Pamela E. Jansma, Alan L. Smith

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Global Positioning System geodesy was used to measure surface deformation on Soufriere Hills volcano, Montserrat from October 6, 1995 to July 1, 1997 during initial dome growth and gravitational collapse. Our data from this period show non-axially symmetric horizontal displacements, and decreasing subsidence as a function of radial distance from the former topographic high of the volcanic edifice. Forward modeling suggests that surface deformation is caused by a shallow vertical dike (< 3 km), which expanded approximately 1 m, coupled with a deflating Mogi source at about 6 km depth. These inferred source parameters are in good agreement with independent observations of regional dike widths and preemption magma storage depth.

Effects Of N-Acetylcysteine And 2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid On Lead Induced Oxidative Stress In Rat Lenses, Rachel Neal, Katherine Cooper, Nuran Ercal, Hande Gürer-Orhan

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Lead (Pb) is known to disrupt the pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance of tissues which leads to biochemical and physiological dysfunction. The present study investigated the previous termeffectsnext term of exposure on the redox status of the lenses of Fisher 344 rats and examined whether antioxidant or chelator administration reversed these changes. Animals were given 5 weeks of 2000 ppm Pb exposure followed by 1 week of either antioxidant, chelator or distilled water administration. Glutathione (GSH) and cysteine (CYS) levels decreased in the Pb-exposed group. N-previous termacetylcysteinenext term or 2,3-dimercaptopsuccinic previous termacidnext term (Succimer) supplementation following Pb intoxication resulted in increases in the …

Shakeoff Measurement Of The L = 3 States Of Barium, Heider N. Ereifej, J. Greg Story

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Isolated core excitation was used to produce low-energy continuum electrons in the l = 3 angular momentum state of barium. Data were taken over a region of energy that coincided with the energy of the 6p_3/2nf doubly excited states. Analysis of the data using multichannel quantum defect theory allowed the measurement of the widths of the 6p_3/2nf states and the energy-dependent phase of the continuum electronic wave functions due to interaction with the doubly excited states. The phase of the continuum electrons is shown to vary continuously with energy, due to the anomalously broad widths of …

Automatic Target Cueing Of Hyperspectral Image Data, Terry A. Wilson

Theses and Dissertations

Modern imaging sensors produce vast amounts data, overwhelming human analysts. One such sensor is the Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) hyperspectral sensor. The AVIRIS sensor simultaneously collects data in 224 spectral bands that range from 0.4µm to 2.5µm in approximately 10nm increments, producing 224 images, each representing a single spectral band. Autonomous systems are required that can fuse "important" spectral bands and then classify regions of interest if all of this data is to be exploited. This dissertation presents a comprehensive solution that consists of a new physiologically motivated fusion algorithm and a novel Bayes optimal self-architecting classifier …

Continuum Charged D* Spin Alignment At √S =10.5 Gev, G. Brandenburg, Kenneth A. Bloom, Cleo Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

A measurement of the spin alignment of charged D* mesons produced in continuum e⁺e^- → cc̅ events at √s = 10.5 GeV is presented. This study using 4.72 fb^-1 of CLEO II data shows that there is little evidence of any D* spin alignment.

Measurement Of The Branching Ratios For The Decays Of DS+ To Ηπ+, Η′Π+, Ηρ+, And Η′Ρ+, C. P. Jessop, Kenneth A. Bloom, Cleo Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

Using a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 3.9 fb^-1 collected in e⁺e^- annihilation with the CLEO-II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we have measured the branching ratios for the decay modes D_s⁺ → (η, η′)π⁺ and D_s⁺ → (η, η′)ρ⁺ relative to D_s⁺ → φπ⁺. These decay modes are among the most common hadronic decays of the D_s⁺, and can be related by factorization to the semileptonic decays D_s⁺ → (η, η′)ℓ⁺ν₁ . …

Hadronic Transitions Υ(2S)→Υ(1S), J. P. Alexander, Kenneth A. Bloom, Cleo Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

Using a 73.6 pb^-1 data sample of Υ(2S) events collected with the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, we have investigated the hadronic transitions between the Υ(2S) and the Υ(1S). The dipion transition Υ(2S) → Υ(1S) π⁺π^- was studied using two different analysis techniques. Selecting events in which Υ(1S) → e⁺e^-, μ⁺μ^- (‘‘exclusive’’ analysis), and using the Υ(1S) leptonic branching fractions world averages from the PDG review, we obtained Ɓ(Υ(2S) …

Water Balloon Rupture In Low‐G, Mark M. Weislogel, S. Lichter

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A qualitative study of the bursting of water balloons in a simulated low-gravity environment was conducted aboard NASA Lewis’s DC-9 aircraft.

The tests were performed to develop techniques to rapidly deploy large liquid drops in a microgravity environment.

Geographe Bay Catchment Natural Resource Atlas, Sarah Weaving

All other publications

The Geographe Bay Catchment Atlas is one of a series of Natural Resource Atlases covering the agricultural region of Western Australia. The purpose of the Atlas is to provide data for people in local communities who manage or have an interest in natural resources. It is now realised that the various components of the land interact with each other and therefore need to be managed together. This Atlas is intended to present natural resource and land information in an accessible way to people of the area. It may act as a focus for catchment planning and provide a starting point …

The Limits Of Spatial Resolution Achievable Using A 30khz Multibeam Sonar: Model Predictions And Field Results, John E. Hughes Clarke, James V. Gardner, Mike Torresan, Larry A. Mayer

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

A Simrad EM300 multibeam sonar was used to attempt to resolve small (-5m high) targets in 450m of water. The targets had previously been surveyed using a deeply towed 59 kHz sidescan sonar. Using multisector active yaw, pitch and roll compensation, together with dynamically altering angular sectors, the sonar is capable of maintaining sounding densities of as tight as 10m spacing in these water depths. This is significantly smaller than the largest dimension of the projected beam footprints (1 6-64m). The observed data suggest that the targets are intermittently resolved. The field results compare well to the output of a …

Ecological Evaluation For The West Ash Creek Potential Research Natural Area, Pine Ridge Ranger Unit, Nebraska National Forest, Steven B. Rolfsmeier

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

The West Ash Creek Potential Research Natural Area is located within pastures 6, 7, and 11 of the Pine Ridge Unit of the Nebraska National Forest ca 18 mi. (30 km) southwest of Chadron, Nebraska. The area consists of ca 1020 acres of mostly successional pine forest burned in a 1985 wildfire, with unburned forest, some grassland, and riparian canyon bottoms. The area is within the Pine Ridge ecosystem of the White River watershed in northwestern Nebraska. The area has remained ungrazed nearly continuously since 1986.

This document was prepared to provide the Forest Service with information to determine the …

Low-Field Hopping Among Randomly-Distributed Sites With Uncorrelated Energetic Disorder, Paul Ernest Parris

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The low-field mobility μ of a small concentration of charge carriers hopping among a random distribution of transport sites is studied, as a function of the mean interparticle spacing ρ and the temperature T, for model systems having different site-energy distribution functions. For a uniform density of states our calculations show that the mobility obeys empirical scaling laws similar to those found in the theory of variable-range hopping. For a binary distribution of site energies we observe a crossover as a function of site density between trap-limited conduction and trap-mediated conduction. For a Gaussian density of states our results confirm …

Center For Sustainable Agricultural Systems Newsletter, September/October 1998

Center for Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Newsletters (1993-2000)

Contents:

A Broader View and Challenge for the CSAS

Highlights of Upcoming New Book: Under the Blade (Part 3)

Integrated Farm Update: Will Grazing Crop Residues Hurt Next Year's Yields?

Honeybee Populations Lowest Levels in Decade

Socrates Network in Europe

New Course: Urbanization of Rural Landscapes, Offered Spring Semester

But Was He Sorry? The Role Of Remorse In Capital Sentencing, Theodore Eisenberg, Stephen P. Garvey, Martin T. Wells

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

What role does remorse really play in capital sentencing? We divide this basic question in two. First, what makes jurors come to believe a defendant is remorseful? Second, does a belief in the defendant's remorse affect the jury's final judgment of life or death? Here we present a systematic, empirical analysis that tries to answer these questions.

What makes jurors think a defendant is remorseful? Among other things, we find that the more jurors think that the crime is coldblooded, calculated, and depraved and that the defendant is dangerous, the less likely they are to think the defendant is remorseful. …

Maintenance Of Circulation Anomalies During The 1988 Drought And 1993 Floods Over The United States, Alan Z. Liu, Mingfang Ting, Hailan Wang

Physical Sciences - Daytona Beach

The large-scale circulation anomalies associated with the 1988 drought and the 1993 floods are investigated with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis data and a linear stationary wave model. The transient vorticity and thermal forcings are explicitly calculated and the diabatic heating is derived as a residual in the thermodynamic energy equation. Using the April–June (AMJ) data for 1988, and June–August (JJA) data for 1993, the linear stationary wave model is able to reproduce the main features of the geopotential height anomaly for the two seasons when all forcings are included. This provides a basis for further investigation of …

Direct Voltammetric Observation Of Redox Driven Changes In Axial Coordination And Intramolecular Rearrangement Of The Phenylalanine-82-Histidine Variant Of Yeast Iso-1-Cytochrome C, Benjamin A. Feinberg, Xiangjun Liu, Michael D. Ryan, Abel Schejter, Chongyao Zhang, Emanuel Margoliash

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Direct square-wave and cyclic voltammetric electrochemical examination of the yeast iso-1-cytochrome c Phe82His/Cys102Ser variant revealed the intricacies of redox driven changes in axial coordination, concomitant with intramolecular rearrangement. Electrochemical methods are ideally suited for such a redox study, since they provide a direct and quantitative visualization of specific dynamic events. For the iso-1-cytochrome c Phe82His/Cys102Ser variant, square-wave voltammetry showed that the primary species in the reduced state is the Met₈₀-Fe²⁺-His₁₈ coordination form, while in the oxidized state the His₈₂-Fe³⁺-His₁₈ form predominates. The addition or removal of an electron to the …

Radial Complexity Estimation For Improved Generalization In Artificial Neural Networks, Lemuel R. Myers Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

When training an artificial neural network (ANN) for classification using backpropagation of error, the weights are usually updated by minimizing the sum-squared error on the training set. As training ensues, overtraining may be observed as the network begins to memorize the training data. This occurs because, as the magnitude of the weight vector, W, grows, the decision boundaries become overly complex in much the same way as a too-high order polynomial approximation can overfit a data set in a regression problem. Since w grows during standard backpropagation, it is important to initialize the weights with consideration to the importance of …

A Decision Theoretic Approach For Interface Agent Development, Scott M. Brown

Theses and Dissertations

The complexity of current software applications is overwhelming users. The need exists for intelligent interface agents to address the problem of increasing taskload that is overwhelming the human user. Interface agents could help alleviate user taskload by extracting and analyzing relevant information, and providing information abstractions of that information, and providing timely, beneficial assistance to users. These agents could communicate with the user through the existing user interface and also adapt to user needs and behaviors. Central to providing assistance to a user is the issue of correctly determining the user's intent. This dissertation presents an effective, efficient, and extensible …

Optimal Atmospheric Compensation For Anisoplanatism In Adaptive-Optical Systems, Matthew R. Whiteley

Theses and Dissertations

Anisoplanatism in adaptive optics (AO) systems is a performance-degrading effect that arises whenever light from the wave-front sensor beacon and light from the object of interest sample different volumes of optical turbulence. This effect occurs if there is either a spatial separation between the object and the beacon, or a spatial separation between the wave-front sensor and phase-compensation aperture, or if both types of separation are present in the AO system. Anisoplanatism results in an increased value of the aperture-averaged residual phase variance after AO compensation, which causes an exponential decrease in system performance. This dissertation offers a theoretical framework …

Specific Absorption And Backscatter Coefficient Signatures In Southeastern Atlantic Coastal Waters, Charles R. Bostater

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Measurements of natural water samples in the field and laboratory of hyperspectral signatures of total absorption and reflectance were obtained using long pathlength absorption systems (50 cm pathlength). Water was sampled in Indian River Lagoon, Banana River and Port Canaveral, Fl. Stations were also occupied in near coastal waters out to the edge ofthe Gulf Stream in the vicinity of Kennedy Space Center, Fl. and estuarine waters along Port Royal Sound and along the Beaufort River tidal area in South Carolina. The measurements were utilized to calculate natural water specific absorption, total backscatter and specific backscatter optical signatures. The resulting …

Imaging Derivative Spectroscopy For Vegetation Dysfunction Assessments, Charles R. Bostater

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The practical application of current airborne and future satellite or space station based high spectral resolution (hyperspectral) imagery to vegetative canopies (sparse or dense) and resulting derived bio-physical variables will depend upon our ability to rapidly apply scientifically based algorithms. Key to these rapid assessments is the selection ofthe best or optimal channels or bands for detection of plant stress or dysfunction. Previous work '2,3,4,5 has demonstrated the potential of utilizing high spectral resolution optical signatures for detecting plant stress related to the vegetation's moisture within the leaf structure. Future algorithms and techniques need to discriminate plant species as well …

Llinois River 1997 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens

Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and a USGS gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997.

Directory Of Water Related Courses Offered At Colleges And Universities In Arkansas As Of November 1998, Kenneth F. Steele

Technical Reports

This publication lists the water and water-related courses at several universities and colleges in Arkansas as reported during the Fall of 1 998. It is anticipated that users of this directory will extend beyond college students, and will include professionals seeking continuing education, and professors desiring to exchange Information on courses. This directory is not an "absolute" source of water and water-related courses because all of the higher learning Institutions In Arkansas are not listed, and, secondly, because the definition of "water and water-related" varies from institution to institution. None-the-less this directory provides a very valuable and impressive reference on …

Comparison Of The Sfi Peculiar Velocities With The Iras 1.2-Jy Gravity Field, L. N. Da Costa, A. Nusser, W. Freudling, R. Giovanelli, M. P. Haynes, J J. Salzer, G. Wegner

Dartmouth Scholarship

We present a comparison between the peculiar velocity fields measured from a recently completed I-band Tully-Fisher survey of field spirals (SFI) and that derived from the IRAS 1.2-Jy redshift survey galaxy distribution. The analysis is based on the expansion of these data in redshift space using smooth orthonormal functions, and is performed using low- and high-resolution expansions, with an effective smoothing scale which increases almost linearly with redshift. The effective smoothing scales at 3000 km s⁻¹ are 1500 and 1000 km s⁻¹ for the low- and high-resolution filters. The agreement between the high- and low-resolution SFI velocity …