Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

On Different Integrable Systems Sharing The Same Nondynamical R-Matrix, Zhijun Qiao, Walter Strampp

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In a recent paper @Zhijun Qiao and Ruguang Zhou, Phys. Lett. A 235, 35 ~1997!#, the amazing fact was reported that a discrete and a continuous integrable system share the same r-matrix with the interesting property of being nondynamical. Now, we present three further pairs of different continuous integrable systems sharing the same r-matrix again being nondynamical. The first pair is the finite-dimensional constrained system ~FDCS! of the famous AKNS hierarchy and the Dirac hierarchy; the second pair is the FDCS of the well-known geodesic flows on the ellipsoid and the Heisenberg spin chain hierarchy; and the third pair is …

Quantum-Statistical Properties Of Two Coupled Modes Of Electromagnetic Field, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Mikhail E. Veisman

Serge Youri Kalmykov

Squeezing the quantum fluctuations of the two-mode light due to the nonstationary coupling between the quadrature components q_1 and q_2 is examined. The delta-function and step-function mode couplings are considered. The conditions of weak and strong step-function coupling are distinguished, the latter being the condition of the instability for the classical counterpart of the quantum system under study. Under the conditions of weak coupling the quadrature squeezing is established in both a two-mode electromagnetic noise in thermal equilibrium (the thermal state) and a two- mode correlated coherent state (CCS). Squeezing in the thermal state is suppressed at a high temperature. …

Effects Of Oxygen Variation On The Ecology Of Devil's Hole, Death Valley National Park, Norma J. Azad

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The inability to rear Devil's Hole pupfish, Cyprinodon diabolis Wales, in captivity, when captive propagation has been successful with other species of pupfish, led to the examination of environmental factors which are unique to Devil's Hole. It has been suggested that C. diabolis regularly experience developmental arrest due to hypoxic conditions. This arrest may be reversible in areas of the shallow shelf during periods of photosynthetic activity. Oxygen measurements over the shallow shelf reveal a gradient of oxygen variation with the greatest diel variability over the inner portion of the shelf diminishing to nearly imperceptible diel variation toward the outer …

The Effect Of Wildlife Management Techniques On Grassland Birds In Central Virginia, Eric Wayne Rosenbaum

Theses & Honors Papers

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of wildlife management techniques on grassland bird species . Grassland birds have been declining in number for the last twenty-five years (Kershner and Bollinger 1996). Their decline is attributed to overall habitat loss. This study was conducted at James River Wildlife Management Area in Nelson County, Virginia. Three grassland plots were selected to represent three different kinds of management. One plot was planted in wheat, another in corn, and one plot was burned. Birds within these plots were monitored for one year. Each plot was also subjected to a vegetational …

Breeding Behaviors In Notropis Alborus With Comments On Geographic Distribution In Virginia (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae), Carmen Marie Newman

Theses & Honors Papers

Objectives were to describe breeding behaviors in Notropis alborus (one of eight species in the Notropis procne species-group), and provide materials for study of the geographical distribution of the species in Virginia. Breeding behaviors (establishment of male territories, aggressive behaviors between males, and spawning behaviors) in N. alborus were identified with direct field observations and review of videotapes of behaviors recorded in Mines Creek (Roanoke River drainage), Mecklenburg County, Virginia in 1997. Collections were made with a common seine and backpack electroshocker at 45 localities within the reported range of the species in the Roanoke River drainage in the Piedmont …

Two-Body B Meson Decays To Η And Η′: Observation Of B→Η′K, B. H. Behrens, Kenneth A. Bloom, Cleo Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

In a sample of 6.6 X 10⁶ produced B mesons we have observed decays B → η′K, with branching fractions Ɓ(B⁺ → η′K) = 6.5_-1.4^+1.5± 0.9) X 10^-5 and Ɓ(B⁰ → η′K⁰) = 4.7_-2.0^+2.7 ± 0.9) X 10^-5. We have searched with comparable sensitivity for 17 related decays to final states containing an η or η′ meson accompanied by a single particle or low-lying resonance. Our upper limits for these constrain theoretical interpretations of the B → η′K _signal.

Managing Island Biotas: Brown Treesnake Control Using Barrier Technology, Gad Perry, Earl W. Campbell Iii, Gordon H. Rodda, Thomas H. Fritts

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis), accidentally introduced to the previously snake-free U.S. island of Guam after World War 11, decimated the island's naive wildlife. Today, it periodically stows away on craft going to other islands where the ecological damage may be repeated. Barriers offer an effective tool for keeping the snakes out of areas from which they can disperse off-island, as well as sites identified as critical for the protection of human health, conduct of economic activity, or conservation of endangered species. The authors have developed a variety of barrier designs which repulse at least 95% of snake …

Some Statistical Considerations To On-Farm Trials In Kenya, Peter M. Njuho

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

The issue of design and analysis of on-farm trials is not clearly understood by agricultural researcher in Kenya. Since on-farm trials require participation and co-operation of the farmers who often differ in education level, chances of collecting unreliable and quite variable data are high. This paper highlights the importance of collecting quality data from on-farm trials, and in particular from the researcher designed and farmer managed trial type. Some complexities associated with the implementation, application of basic statistical principles, and analysis of on-farm trials are discussed. Questions that need to be considered priori to the implementation of any trial implementation …

Optimum Design On Step-Stress Life Testing, C. Xiong

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

This paper presents exact optimum test plans for simple time-step stress models in accelerated life testing. An exponential life distribution with a mean that is a log-linear function of stress, and a cumulative exposure model are assumed. Maximum likelihood methods are used to estimate the parameters of such models. Optimum test plans are obtained by minimizing the mean square error between the maximum likelihood estimate of a certain moment of the lifetime at a design stress and the real moment. The advantage of our optimum test plans is that it does not require large number of items to be tested. …

Modelling The Coefficient Of Variation In Factorial Experiments, Craig A. Wilson, Mark E. Payton

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

The coefficient of variation (CV) has long been used as a measure of the relative consistency of sample data. However, little attention has been paid to using the CV to make conclusions about the relative consistency of the population(s) from which the data are drawn, particularly when the data are observed in the context of a designed factorial experiment. This research focused on using three approximations to the exact distribution of the sample CV of normally distributed data (McKay's, David's, and Iglewicz and Myers') in the context of the generalized linear model to develop a method for detecting main effects …

A Repeated Measures Analysis Of The Effect Of Vegetative Buffers On Contaminant Runoff From Bermudagrass Turf, Craig A. Wilson, Mark E. Payton, Ellen W. Stevens, Raymond L. Huhnke, Daniel E. Storm, Nick T. Basta, James H. Baird

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

A repeated measures analysis was conducted on a set of data from a multi-year study to assess the effect of vegetative buffers on the surface runoff of selected herbicides and nutrients. Multiplicative models describing the observed behavior of runoff concentration over time for buffered and non-buffered plots were fitted on a log-transformed scale using linear mixed models with PROC MIXED in PC SAS version 6.11. A spatial power covariance structure was used. Additional models for contaminant mass flow rates were fitted to evaluate the effect of buffers on total runoff mass.

Sampling Plans For Monitoring Rust In Coffee Trees, Raw E. Macchiavelli, Roclo Rodriguez

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Rust is an important fungal disease of coffee that causes defoliation of plants, thus affecting production and yield of coffee beans. Management of coffee rust with fungicides should be based on disease incidence at the onset of the epidemic. Previously, sampling has been done in a two-step systematic plan: trees are sampled in a systematic pattern (in the shape of a W covering the field), and then leaves are randomly sampled within each selected tree. Since coffee in Puerto Rico is typically grown in areas with pronounced slopes, these plans require walking diagonally along slopes, which is not feasible for …

Blocking In Partial Diallel Crosses, D. R. Aneja, L . S. Kaushik

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Generally the parents are included in the experimental material for combining ability analysis for comparing the performance of crosses with parents and also for calculating heterosis. But unfortunately the parents are ignored for combining ability analysis because of non-availability of analysis procedure. Method of analysis of partial diallel crosses in incomplete blocks for the method -2 of Griffing (1956) has been given.

Construction Of Asymmetrical Response Surface Designs, V. P . Manocha, L. S. Kaushik

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

The paper proposes several methods for constructing both rotatable and non-rotatable asymmetrical response surface designs. The idea of modified rotatable design is introduced. In most of the experiments conducted by the experimenter it is not necessary that all the factors under study may have equal number of levels The methods proposed will have wider use under these circumstances.

On-Farm Research In A Decentralized Information Model Or Grassroots Statistics, Derrick N. Exner, Jennifer Kendall, Dick Thompson

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Practical Farmers of Iowa (PFI) is an organization that seeks to provide interactive methods of relaying information through farmer-to-farmer sharing (farm field days, workshop discussions, networking) and the generation of new information. On-farm research (OFR) is an important information-generating activity of this group. PFI has shown that key to doing research on farms lies in combining practical protocols with the statistician's old familiar friends - replication and randomization.

We provide background on PFI and how PFI cooperators carne to using strip plots and paired comparisons to answer fundamental questions about what to do on their individual farms. We discuss the …

Blocking Factorial Designs In Greenhouse Experiments, Steve Ferris, Steven G. Gilmour

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Experiments in greenhouses usually have to be conducted with very limited resources. This makes it particularly important to control the between plot variation by appropriate use of blocking. Many greenhouse experiments are naturally laid out in a pattern that makes a class of designs known as semi-Latin squares useful. Their properties have been studied recently by a number of authors and this work is reviewed. Often, the experimental treatments will have a factorial structure. An example of a 23 structure is used to show how factorial treatments can be assigned to treatment labels to ensure that the appropriate information is …

Daily Solar Radiation Estimated From Tkmpera Ture Records, D. W. Meek

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Crop growth models and other environmental analyses require the input of daily global solar radiation values. Unfortunately many locations lack long-term solar radiation data. Most agricultural experiment stations, however, have daily temperature records. Also they are often the locations for which crop growth simulations are conducted. In an unpublished manuscript in the field of agricultural meteorology, researchers wanted to address this need. Specifically they wanted to estimate historical daily global solar radiation using daily air temperature data records by adapting a single published empirical intrinsically nonlinear model, a form of the Weibull curve. In order to help future research in …

Using Confidence Intervals To Obtain A Family Of Estimators Of The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (Or Heritability), Brent D. Burch, Ian R. Harris

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

A family of point estimators is presented for the intraclass correlation coefficient (or heritability) in the balanced one-way random effects model. The family is obtained by equating a pivotal quantity to different values of the pivoting distribution, and includes the familiar ML and REML estimators. In terms of mean-squared error, most members of the family of estimators are admissible within the family. A sire model is used to illustrate the estimation of heritability. The authors provide guidance concerning the choice of an individual member of the family for estimation purposes and indicate how the method can be extended to unbalanced …

An Alternative For Mixed Model Analyses Of Large, Messy Data Sets (Mtdfreml), L. D. Van Vleck, R. K. Splan

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Portable Fortran based programs (MTDFREML) were developed using a derivative-free algorithm to obtain REML estimates of (co)variance components. Computations are based on Henderson's mixed model equations for multiple-trait models with missing observations on some traits and incorporation of relationships among relatives. Many fixed and random factors are allowed with number of levels dependent on computer memory. Data sets with more than 40,000 genetic effects have been analyzed. Options allow solving MME at convergence. Constraints are automatically imposed. Expectations, standard errors of contrasts of solutions for fixed effects and prediction error variances of solutions for random effects can be obtained. Dimensions …

Statistical Threshold Values For Locating Quantitative Trait Loci, R. W. Doerge

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

The detection and location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) that control quantitative characters is a problem of great interest to the genetic mapping community. Interval mapping has proved to be a useful tool in locating QTL, but has recently been challenged by faster, more sophisticated regression methods (e.g. .. composite interval mapping). Regardless of the method used to locate QTL. the distribution of the test statistic (LOD score or likelihood ratio test) is unknown. Due to the quantitative trait values following a mixture distribution rather than a single distribution, the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is not from a …

The Analysis Of Over-Dispersed Count Data From A Single Factor Study, George A. Capuano, Linda J. Young, Nancy L. Campbell

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Methods for analyzing over-dispersed count data in a one-way layout were compared using a Monte Carlo study. Several variance stabilizing transformations were examined as alternatives to analyzing the raw data using a general linear model. Additionally, generalized linear models were fit using a log link. For the generalized linear model, three approaches to account for over-dispersion were investigated: (1) a negative binomial distribution with known k, (2) a Poisson distribution with Pearson's X² as an estimate of the scale parameter, and (3) a Poisson distribution with over-dispersion estimated using the deviance. The analysis of the raw data and log …

Risk Factors Associated With Culling Age In Dairy Cattle: Applications Of Frailty Models, Mohamed M. Shoukri, Jan M. Sargeant

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Culling decisions for dairy cattle are an important component of dairy herd management. To investigate risk factors for culling, farms (clusters) constitute the sampling units. Therefore, we believe that ages-at-culling may be correlated within farms. The score test on the null hypothesis of no extra-variation in survival data was not supported by age-at-culling data collected from 72 dairy farms from the province of Ontario, Canada. To correct for the intraherd correlation, three modelling approaches were used to fit the data: Population-Averaged (PA) , cluster-specific (CS), and Random Effects Models (RAEM). The modelling approaches are described and compared using the dairy …

Assessing Variability Of Agreement Measures In Remote Sensing Using A Bayesian Approach, William J. Price, Bahman Shafii, Lawrence W. Lass, Donald C. Thill

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Remote sensing imagery is a popular accessment tool in agriculture, forestry, and rangeland management. Spectral classification of imagery provides a means of estimating production and identifYing potential problems, such as weed, insect, and disease infestations. Accuracy of classification is traditionally based on ground truthing and summary statistics such as Cohen's Kappa. Variability assessment and comparison of these quantities have been limited to asymptotic procedures relying on large sample sizes and gaussian distributions. However, asymptotic methods fail to take into account the underlying distribution of the classified data and may produce invalid inferential results. Bayesian methodology is introduced to develop probability …

Hurst Phenomenon And Fractal Dimensions In Long-Term Yield Data, Susanne Aref

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

A fractal dimension may be thought of as a measure of randomness. Fractal dimensions based on semivariograms have been used to determine degree of randomness in yearly crop yields. Through rescaled range analysis Hurst exponents also define fractal dimensions. This method of obtaining fractal dimensions gives more reasonable and sensitive measures than the semivariogram method. To address the inherent randomness due to yearly variations, global trends in yield must be removed before either method is applied. After detrending, a fractal dimension obtained from semivariogram is usually that of a random process. The Hurst method yields an exponent H, which results …

Statistical Analysis Of Field Wheat Varietal Performance Trials, A. M. Feyerherm, R. G. Sears, J. J. Higgins

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

The purpose of this research was to formulate statistical models and assumptions to apply to the problem of comparing wheat varieties for yielding ability among locations within seasons and over seasons. The methodology could just as well be applied to field testing of other crops for yield or other characteristics of interest (test weight, protein level, etc.)

The methodology approaches the problem of comparing varieties by comparing how well each "measures up" when matched against some common checks. For each variety, the basic data are differences in yield between the variety and the average yield of the checks at different …

Linear And Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models, Douglas M. Bates, Jose C. Pinheiro

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Recent developments in computational methods for maximum likelihood (ML) or restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation of parameters in general linear mixed-effects models have made the analysis of data in typical agricultural settings much easier. With software such as SAS PROC MIXED we are able to handle data from random-effects one-way classifications, from blocked designs including incomplete blocked designs, from hierarchical designs such as splitplot designs, and other types of data that may be described as repeated measures or longitudinal data or growth-curve data. It is especially helpful that the new computational methods do not depend on balance in the data …

Editor's Preface, Table Of Contents, And List Of Attendees, George A. Milliken

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

These proceedings contain papers presented in the tenth annual Kansas State University Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture, held in Manhattan, Kansas, April 26-28, 1998..

Trapping Strategies For Deterring The Spread Of Brown Tree Snakes From Guam, Richard M. Engeman, Michael A. Linnell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The accidental introduction of the Brown Tree Snake Boiga Irregularis to Guam has resulted in the extirpation of most of the island's native terrestrial vertebrates, has presented a health hazard to infants and children, and also has produced an economic problem. Prevention of its dispersal through Guam's cargo traffic to other Pacific islands has became a high environmental priority. Trapping around ports and other cargo staging areas is central to an integrated pest management program designed to deter dispersal of the species. In this study, perimeter trapping of forested plots characteristic of those found in port areas was found 19 …

A Review Of The Case Histories Of The Brown Tree Snakes (Boiga Irregularis) Located By Detector Dogs On Guam, Richard M. Engeman, Danny V. Rodriguez, Michael A. Linnell, Mikel E. Pitzler

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Records of 34 brown tree snakes detected during dog inspections were examined to describe the situations in which snakes were found and to determine probable destinations had they successfully departed Guam. A key to the use of detector dogs for interdicting brown tree snake transport from Guam is that the snakes found are at high risk for export. Hawaii. followed by the Micronesian islands. were the most frequently identified potential destinations for the snakes located by dogs. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

A Method For The Determination Of Purity Of Pnu-10483 Bulk Drug By Capillary Zone Electrophoresis, Gavin Gibson

Honors Theses

In this investigation, a method was developed for the determination of purity of the drug PNU-10483 using the technique of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). CZE was seen as a potential alternative to the formerly used procedure of ion-pair reversed phase highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Nearly five years earlier, a similar study was performed, in which an attempt was made to develop a method that used CZE to determine the purity of bulk drug and the potency of drug tablets. While this development was mostly successful, sporadically unpredictable results reduced the method's overall viability. These outliers were thought to be caused …