Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Scwds Briefs: Volume 17, Number 3 (October 2001)

Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study: Publications

• Biosecurity Alert
• The United Kingdom appears to be near success in eradicating foot-and-mouth disease (FMD).
• USDA declares chronic wasting disease CWD emergency in captive elk.
• CWD Calamity in Colorado: Approximately 1,300 animals in seven Colorado captive elk herds currently are under quarantine because chronic wasting disease (CWD) has been diagnosed in or traced to the herds.
• Further Spread of West Nile virus (WNV)
• Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) virus was isolated from the brain of a wild white-tailed deer from Houston County, Georgia. Togaviridae, Culiseta melanura
• Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) is a severe neurological …

Photochemical Escape Of Atomic Carbon From Mars, Jane L. Fox, F. M. Bakalian

Physics Faculty Publications

We have modeled the escape fluxes of atomic carbon from the Martian atmosphere for low and high solar activities due to various photochemical escape mechanisms, including photodissociation of CO, dissociative recombination of CO⁺, electron impact dissociation and dissociative ionization of CO, photodissociative ionization of CO, and dissociative charge transfer of O⁺⁺ to CO. Only photodissociation of CO and dissociative recombination of CO⁺ are found to be important, and the time-averaged escape flux is predicted to be controlled by the high solar activity values. The computed global average escape fluxes of C due to photodissociation of CO …

Mapping Ice Covered Waters From Space, Cheryl Bertoia, Michael Manore, Henrik Steen Andersen

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Under a leaden April Arctic sky, the United States Coast Guard Cutter Healy left the swell of the southern Labrador Sea and entered the Arctic ice pack for the first time, settling in as if she had finally found her home. The deck log notes that at about 4 pm on the 4th April 2000, the ship’s commanding officer, Capt. Bob Garrett, assumed both the deck and the con for the momentous occasion (Figure 1). The ship entered the ice at 51° 33.0’ N, 54° 33.33’ W. The ice trials of the newest U.S. icebreaker were underway!

Ncri 3-D Visualization Of Coral Reef Habitat, Brian K. Walker

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Intermediate Rings Between A Local Domain And Its Completion, Ii, William Heinzer, Christel Rotthaus, Sylvia Wiegand

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

We present results connecting flatness of extension rings to the Noetherian property for certain intermediate rings between an excellent normal local domain and its completion. We consider conditions for these rings to have Cohen-Macaulay formal fibers. We also present several examples illustrating these results.

Observation Of Orbitally Excited B Mesons In Pp̅ Collisions At √S =1.8  Tev, T. Affolder, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We measure the relative rate of production of orbitally excited (L=1) states of B mesons (B**) by observing their decays into B π ^±. We reconstruct B mesons through semileptonic decay channels using data collected in pp̅ collisions at √s =1.8 TeV. The fraction of light B mesons that are produced as L=1B** states is measured to be 0.28±0.06(stat) ±0.03(syst). We also measure the collective mass of the B** states, and quantify the result by quoting the (model-dependent) mass of the lowest B** state to be m (B₁)=5.71 ±0.02 GeV/ …

Energetics And Cooperativity In Three-Center Hydrogen Bonding Interactions. I. Diacetamide-X Dimers .X=Hcn, Ch3Oh., Ruben D. Parra, Makoto Furukawa, Bing Gong, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

High level ab initio calculations are carried out on diacetamide–X (DA–X) dimers, X=HCN, CH₃OH. The dimers are used as model systems to investigate the energetics and cooperative phenomomena in intermolecular three-center hydrogen-bond (H-bond) interactions relative to two-center H-bond interactions. The trans–trans conformer of diacetamide is chosen as a suitable model for intermolecular three-center H bonding where one H atom is interacting with two acceptor atoms. The proton–acceptor atoms are rigidly held in the same molecule. For both model systems, it is found that the calculated interaction energy per H bond is appreciably smaller in the three-center than in …

Measurements Of C V Flows From Thermal Charge-Exchange Excitation In Divertor Plasmas, B. Zaniol, R. C. Isler, N. H. Brooks, W. P. West, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Certain transitions of C IV (C³⁺) from n=7 to n=6 (≈7226 Å) and from n=6 to n=5 (≈=4660 Å) sometimes appear much brighter in tokamak divertors than expected for electron-impact excitation from the ground state. This situation occurs because of charge exchange between C V (C⁴⁺) and recycling thermal deuterium atoms in the n=2 level. As a result, it is possible to extend parallel flow measurements of carbon, which have previously been performed on C II-C IV ions using Doppler shift spectroscopy, to include flows of the He-like C V ions. The work described here includes …

Monte Carlo Studies Of Mott Scattering Asymmetries From Gold Foils, M. A. Khakoo, D. Roundy, C. Hicks, N. Margolis, E. Yeung, A. W. Ross, Timothy J. Gay

Timothy J. Gay Publications

We present the results of a series of model Monte Carlo calculations of the scattering of spin-polarized electrons from gold foil targets. Our calculations examine the behavior of the left-right scattering asymmetry A as a function of various parameters conventionally used in extrapolation of the left-right asymmetry to single atom and/or elastic scattering conditions. These parameters include target thickness, scattered count rate, and the maximum energy that an electron can have lost in the target and still be detected. Data are obtained at incident electron energies of 10–120 keV, with detector-subtended half-cone angles of 5°, 10°, and 20°, and gold …

Earth News, V25, Fall 2001, Department Of Earth Science, University Of Northern Iowa.

Earth News

Inside this issue:

--- News from the Department Head
--- Earth Science Staff Activities
--- Earth Science Majors
--- 2001 Earth Science Graduates
--- Student Research Presentations
--- Student Internships
--- STORM: Science center for Teaching, Outreach, and Research on Meteorology
--- Studies in the Geology of Iowa for Teachers
--- Earth Science Student Assistants
--- Sigma Gamma Epsilon - Gamma Sigma Chapter
--- Gifts to the Department of Earth Science
--- 2001-2002 Scholarship and Award Recipients
--- 2001 Spring Trip Summary
--- Earth Science Seminar Series
--- Rapa Nui Expedition - March 2000
--- Alumni Profile - Larry J. …

Observations Of Persistent Leonid Meteor Trails 2. Photometry And Numerical Modeling, C. A. Kruschwitz, M. C. Kelley, C. S. Gardner, G. Swenson, A. Z. Liu, X. Chu, J. D. Drummond, B. W. Grime, W. T. Armstrong, J. M. C. Plane, P. Jenniskens

Physical Sciences - Daytona Beach

During the 1998 Leonid meteor shower, multi-instrument observations of persistent meteor trains were made from the Starfire Optical Range on Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, and from a secondary site in nearby Placitas, New Mexico. The University of Illinois Na resonance lidar measured the Na density and temperature in the trains, while various cameras captured images and videos of the trains, some of which were observed to persist for more than 30 min. The Na density measurements allow the contribution of Na airglow to the observed train luminescence to be quantified for the first time. To do this, persistent …

Transformation Of Statistics In Fractional Quantum Hall Systems, John J. Quinn, Arkadiusz Wojs, Jennifer J. Quinn, Arthur T. Benjamin

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

A Fermion to Boson transformation is accomplished by attaching to each Fermion a tube carrying a single quantum of flux oriented opposite to the applied magnetic field. When the mean field approximation is made in Haldane’s spherical geometry, the Fermion angular momentum l_F is replaced by l_B =l_F − 1/2 (N −1). The set of allowed total angular momentum multiplets is identical in the two different pictures. The Fermion and Boson energy spectra in the presence of many body interactions are identical only if the pseudopotential V (interaction energy as a function of pair angular …

Distinguishing Surface And Bulk Contributions To Third-Harmonic Generation In Silicon, Peter N. Saeta, Nathan A. Miller '01

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

We report measurements of third-harmonic generation from ultrathin crystalline silicon layers of gradually varying thickness. Both the angular and thickness dependence of the third-harmonic light generated in transmission at normal incidence are consistent with negligible surface contribution to third-harmonic generation in silicon, even under tight focusing. This work illustrates a method for distinguishing surface and bulk contributions to harmonic generation.

Acoustic Detections Of Singing Humpback Whales In Deep Waters Off The British Isles, Russell Charif, Phillip Clapham, Christopher Clark

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

From October 1996 through September 1998, we used bottom-mounted hydrophone arrays to monitor deep-water areas north and west of the British Isles for songs of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Singing humpbacks were consistently detected between October and March from the Shetland- Faroe Islands south to waters west of the English Channel. Temporal and geographic patterns of song detections, and movements of individually tracked whales, exhibited a southwesterly trend over this period, but with no corresponding northward trend between April and September. These results, together with a review of historical data from this area, suggest that the offshore waters …

Movements And Population Structure Of Humpback Whales In The North Pacific, John Calambokidis, Gretchehn Steiger, Janice Straley, Louis Herman, Salvatore Cerchio, Dan Salden, Jorge Urban R., Jeff Jacobsen, Olga Von Ziegesar, Kenneth Balcomb, Christine Gabriele, Marilyn Dahlheim, Senzo Uchida, Graeme Ellis, Yukifumi Miyamura, Paloma Ladron De Guevara P., Manami Yamaguchi, Fumihiko Sato, Sally Mizroch, Lisa Schlender, Jay Barlow, Terrance Quinn Ii

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Despite the extensive use of photographic identification methods to investigate humpback whales in the North Pacific, few quantitative analyses have been conducted. We report on a comprehensive analysis of interchange in the North Pacific among three wintering regions (Mexico, Hawaii, and Japan) each with two to three subareas, and feeding areas that extended from southern California to the Aleutian Islands. Of the 6,413 identification photographs of humpback whales obtained by 16 independent research groups between 1990 and 1993 and examined for this study, 3,650 photographs were determined to be of suitable quality. A total of 1,241 matches was found by …

Effects Of Trapping And Subsequent Short-Term Confinement Stress On Plasma Corticosterone In The Brown Treesnake (Boiga Irregularis) On Guam, Tom Mathies, Todd A. Felix, Valentine A. Lance

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The effects of capture in a live trap and subsequent handling stress on plasma concentrations of corticosterone and other sex steroids were examined in wild male and female brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis), an introduced species on Guam that has been implicated in the extirpation or decline of many of that island's vertebrate species. Males and females that spent 1 night in a trap had plasma levels of corticosterone about four and two times higher, respectively, than those of the respective free-ranging controls. Mean plasma levels of corticosterone of snakes that had spent 3 nights in a trap were …

Hot Carbon Densities In The Exosphere Of Mars, Andrew F. Nagy, Michael W. Liemohn, Jane L. Fox, Jhoon Kim

Physics Faculty Publications

Theoretical results of hot carbon densities in the exosphere of Mars are presented. The calculation is a two-step process: First a two-stream transport code is used to solve for the distribution function at the exobase, and then these results are used in a Liouville equation solution above the exobase. It is found that photodissociation of carbon monoxide is the largest source of hot carbon atoms in the upper atmosphere of Mars, larger than dissociative recombination of CO⁺ and much larger than the creation of hot carbon through collisions with hot oxygen atoms. It is also found that the high …

Α-Amino-Β-Sulphone Hydroxamates As Potent Mmp-13 Inhibitors That Spare Mmp-1, Daniel P. Becker Ph.D., Thomas E. Barta, Louis Bedell, Gary Decrescenzo, John Freskos, Daniel P. Getman, Susan L. Hockerman, Madeleine Li, Pramod Mehta, Brent Mischke, Grace E. Munie, Craig Swearingen, Clara I. Villamil

Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works

A series of α-amino-β-sulphone hydroxamates was prepared and evaluated for potency versus MMP-13 and selectivity versus MMP-1. Various substituents were employed on the α-amino group (P1 position), as well as different groups attached to the sulphone group extending into P1′. Low nanomolar potency was obtained for MMP-13 with selectivity versus MMP-1 of >1000× for a number of analogues.

α-Amino-β-sulphone hydroxamates were prepared, which are potent MMP-13 inhibitors with selectivity versus MMP-1 of >1000× for a number of analogues. Selected compounds exhibited oral bioavailability.

Dynamical Theory For Modeling Dipole-Dipole Interactions In A Microcavity: The Green Dyadic Approach, P.T. Leung, R. L. Hartman

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A dynamical theory for modeling the dipole-dipole interaction in a microcavity is formulated using the Green dyadic approach. To our knowledge, this theory is one of the most general in many aspects of modeling the phenomenon. It accommodates an arbitrary number of layers adjacent to the cavity, constant but arbitrary dielectric properties within each layer, inclusion of retardation effects, arbitrary dipole orientations, and an unlimited number of interacting dipoles. Numerical results for the emission properties of interacting molecular dipoles in a microcavity are presented to illustrate the capability of the method.

A Preliminary Survey Of The Sewage Pumpout Facilities In The No Discharge Areas Of Massachusetts, Urban Harbors Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Urban Harbors Institute Publications

This survey provides a preliminary review of the activities of pumpout facilities in the No Discharge Areas of Massachusetts. It highlights areas of concern, identifies potential improvements and focuses further research.

Based on data from Massachusetts Coastal Zone Management, there are 100 pumpout facilities in Massachusetts, located in 56 towns. Of these 52, have one or more pumpout boats. Due to financial limitations and the time available, any attempt to survey all these facilities was beyond the scope of this study. However, it had been suggested that from CZM’s, DMF’s and EPA’s standpoint, the areas of greatest interest were those …

Prioritizing Test Cases For Regression Testing, Gregg Rothermel, Roland H. Untch, Chengyun Chu, Mary Jean Harrold

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Test case prioritization techniques schedule test cases for execution in an order that attempts to increase their effectiveness at meeting some performance goal. Various goals are possible; one involves rate of fault detection - a measure of how quickly faults are detected within the testing process. An improved rate of fault detection during testing can provide faster feedback on the system under test and let software engineers begin correcting faults earlier than might otherwise be possible. One application of prioritization techniques involves regression testing - the retesting of software following modifications; in this context, prioritization techniques can take advantage of …

Underground Coal Gasification 2000, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Fact sheet on underground coal gasification, its benefits, and the Energy & Environmental Research Center's (EERC's) research on the topic.

Red River Water Management Consortium, University Of North Dakota. Energy And Environmental Research Center

EERC Brochures and Fact Sheets

Brochure describing the Red River Water Management Consortium, developed by the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) and other area stakeholders. Outlines the program's purpose and current members; also lists previous and current activities.

Identification Of Species Composition In The Hong Kong Shark Fin Trade Using Genetic Techniques And Trader Records, Shelley C. Clarke, Mahmood S. Shivji, Murdoch K. Mcallister

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

Trade in shark fins represents one of the most serious threats to shark populations worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that certain types of fins are more valued than others, but due to the largely unregulated and often covert nature of the trade, information on actual species composition has been anecdotal and unverified. In order to examine the potential impacts of the shark fin trade on the abundance of various shark species, a study of the species composition in the world’s largest shark fin trading center, Hong Kong, was initiated. Several approaches for distinguishing the species identity of dried fins were …

Synthesis Of Cyclopropane Containing Natural Products, William Donaldson

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The synthesis of select cyclopropane containing natural products is presented.

Multiwavelength Observations Of A Tev-Flare From W Comae, P. T. Reynolds, Veritas, Agile

Physical Sciences Publications

No abstract provided.

X-Ray Line Profiles From Parameterized Emission Within An Accelerating Stellar Wind, S. P. Owocki, David H. Cohen

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

Motivated by recent detections by the XMM and Chandra satellites of X-ray line emission from hot, luminous stars, we present synthetic line profiles for X-rays emitted within parameterized models of a hot-star wind. The X-ray line emission is taken to occur at a sharply defined comoving-frame resonance wavelength, which is Doppler-shifted by a stellar wind outflow parameterized by a "beta" velocity law, nu (r) = nu (infinity)(1-R-*/r)(beta). Above some initial onset radius for R-o X-ray emission, the radial variation of the emission filling factor is assumed to decline as a power law in radius, f (r) similar tor(-q). The computed …

Inside Unlv, Andy Grossman, Mark Wallington, Dave Phillips

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Illinois River 2000 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas 59 Bridge, Marc A. Nelson, Thomas S. Soerens

Technical Reports

Automatic water samplers and a U. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2000

An Unusual Airglow Waveevent Observed At Cachoeira Paulista 23°S, A. F. Medeiros, Michael J. Taylor, H. Takahashi, P. P. Batista, D. Gobbi

All Physics Faculty Publications

An all-sky CCD airglow imager has been used to obtain a wealth of data on the MLT airglow emissions from Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil (22.7° S, 45.0° W). Measurements of the NIR OH, OI(557.7 nm), O2(0,1) and the thermospheric OI(630.0 nm) emissions have been made since October 1998. In addition, simultaneous measurements of the airglow zenith intensities and rotational temperatures, and vertical wind structure between 80 and 100 km were made using a co-located multi-channel photometer and a meteor radar. On the night of July 13, 1999, the CCD images showed active wave events exhibiting a variety of short period wave …