Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

All Birds Are Not Created Equal: Risk Assessment And Prioritization Of Wildlife Hazards At Airfields, Nicholas B. Carter

2001 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada, Third Joint Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

In order to most effectively control wildlife at an airfield, airport managers must first identify and prioritize the hazards posed by the different species present in their environment. A formula including ten primary risk factors is presented in order to determine the relative threat posed by individual species or groups of similar species. The ten primary risk factors are:
1) The overall population of the wildlife species (in total number of individuals)
2) The size (mass and surface area) of an individual animal within the species
3) The average number of animals encountered (i.e. average group size)
4) The amount …

Avian Foraging Behaviors And Habitat Manipulation At Portland International Airport, Janina M. Lamb

2001 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada, Third Joint Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

Between January 1996 and May 2001 more than 300 bird strikes occurred at Portland International Airport. Records indicate that herons and raptors consistently make up nearly one-half of species struck. These species regularly use the airport grassland as a foraging ground, feeding on ground-dwelling rodents, including the graytailed vole (Microtus canicaudus) and vagrant shrew (Sorex vagrans). As part of a current study, various manipulations are being made to the grassland habitat and an assessment will be conducted of their effects on the airfield rodent and avian predator populations. This study will specifically correlate the presence and behaviors of predatory birds …

German Bird Strike Statistics, Christoph Morgenroth-Branczyk

2001 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada, Third Joint Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

Since 1998 the DAVVL has been the official collecting centre for bird strike reports in Germany. Thanks to the voluntary supply of reports from airlines the DAVVL had been collecting reliable data even for many more years even before 1998. The typical annual variations of the bird strike development are well known. In 1999 and 2000 there were distinct deviations from the usual annual variations of the reports. The reasons are investigated and presented. It might be concluded that in 1999 reporting problems of a prominent German airline were the reason of the anomalous trend. In 2000 the weather development …

Airglow Variations Associated With Nonideal Ducting Of Gravity Waves In The Lower Thermosphere Region, Michael P. Hickey Ph.D.

Publications

A numerical full-wave model is used to study the response of the O2 atmospheric airglow to ducted gravity waves in the mesopause region. For an isothermal, quasi-adiabatic, and motionless background atmosphere the calculated phase differences between airglow brightness fluctuations and fluctuations of temperatures derived from the airglow, as given by Krassovsky's ratio, are in good agreement with the predictions of published theory. Significant departures from the predictions of the basic theory are obtained when we consider ducting in the presence of the eddy and molecular diffusion of heat and momentum in a nonisothermal background atmosphere. Wind shears also affect the …

Fogging Of Rejex-It® Tp-40. Effectiveness As A Function Of Droplet Size To Repel Birds, Peter F. Vogt

2001 Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada, Third Joint Annual Meeting, Calgary, AB

Fogging of Rejex-it® TP-40 (Fog Force) offers a very efficient method for the management of nuisance birds in many diverse areas without any adverse effects to non-target animals. Despite its effectiveness, there are many factors that influence the effectiveness and desired results. The product alone does not guarantee the desired success. It is not always the quantity that determines fast reaction, but more the form for the specific application. Smaller droplets in the 10-micron range are theoretically 27 times more effective than 30 micron droplets and five micron droplets even 216 times more effective for the same quantity of product …

Biological Survey Report For The Calypso Natural Gas Pipeline: Shore Approach Route North Of Port Everglades Entrance Channel With Landing South Of Port Everglades Entrance Channel, Richard E. Dodge, Susan L. Thornton, David S. Gilliam, Richard Shaul

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

The Calypso Natural Gas Pipeline Project (project) will include a 24-inch pipeline which will extend from the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) off the southeast Florida coastline to a shore approach at Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

This report, which was commissioned in May 2001 and completed in July, 2001, documents the results of a detailed biological survey of underwater marine habitats from 5 to 200 feet water depth for the pipeline route. The route, which was established based on the subsea survey that was completed in May 2001 by Williamson & Associates, Inc., includes a shore approach from the …

Formation Of Ordered Ice Nanotubes Inside Carbon Nanotubes, Kenichiro Koga, G. T. Gao, Hideki Tanaka, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

Following their discovery, carbon nanotubes have attracted interest not only for their unusual electrical and me-chanical properties, but also because their hollow interior can serve as a nanometre-sized capillary, mould, or template in material fabrication. The ability to en¬capsulate a material in a nanotube also offers new possibili¬ties for investigating dimensionally confined phase transi¬tions . Particularly intriguing is the conjecture that matter within the narrow confines of a carbon nanotube might ex¬hibit a solid–liquid critical point beyond which the distinc¬tion between solid and liquid phases disappears. This unusual feature, which cannot occur in bulk material, would allow for the direct …

Renormalization Of The Inverse Square Potential, Horacio E. Camblong

Physics and Astronomy

The quantum-mechanical D-dimensional inverse square potential is analyzed using field-theoretic renormalization techniques. A solution is presented for both the bound-state and scattering sectors of the theory using cutoff and dimensional regularization. In the renormalized version of the theory, there is a strong-coupling regime where quantum-mechanical breaking of scale symmetry takes place through dimensional transmutation, with the creation of a single bound state and of an energy-dependent s-wave scattering matrix element.

Static-Electric-Field Behavior In Negative Ion Detachment By An Intense, High-Frequency Laser Field, M. V. Frolov, N. L. Manakov, B. Borca, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

Based upon the exact numerical solution of the complex quasienergy problem for a 3-dimensional short-range potential as well as upon analytical evaluations, we demonstrate for any finite frequency ω that the action of an ultra-intense laser field (with electric vector F(ωt)) on a weakly bound atomic system may be described by the cycle-averaging of results for an instantaneous static electric field of strength |F(ωt)|.

Data Conditioning For Gravitational Wave Detectors: A Kalman Filter For Regressing Suspension Violin Modes, L. S. Finn, S. Mukherjee

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Interferometric gravitational wave detectors operate by sensing the differential light travel time between free test masses. Correspondingly, they are sensitive to anything that changes the physical distance between the test masses, including physical motion of the masses themselves. In ground-based detectors the test masses are suspended as pendula, in order that they be approximately \"free\" above the pendulumn frequency. Still, thermal or other excitations of the suspension wires' violin modes do impart a force on the masses that appears as a strong, albeit narrow-band, \"signal\" in the detectors waveband. Gravitational waves, on the other hand, change the distance between the …

Electric Field Autocorrelation Functions For Beginning Multiple Rayleigh Scattering, James A. Lock

Physics Faculty Publications

The polarization-resolved electric field autocorrelation function for p-order scattering was derived from the order-of-scattering solution of the exact equations for electromagnetic multiple Rayleigh scattering and was calculated for 2 less than or equal to p less than or equal to 6 for particles undergoing diffusive motion in an idealized sample cell. It was found that the polarization-channel and the scattering-angle dependence of the p-order autocorrelation function approximately decoupled from the delay-time dependence for p greater than or similar to 3. The polarization-channel and the scattering-angle dependence were analytically calculated, and the delay-time dependence was analytically approximated. The resulting analytical model …

Visualization As A Key Element In Learning, J. Fulcher

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Experience with teaching undergraduate and postgraduate computer science (CS) subjects has shown that students benefit substantially from being able to visualize fundamental topics. Examples are presented from five different CS areas, namely: (i) communications, (ii) parallel computing, (iii) artificial neural networks, (iv) genetic algorithms and (v) data mining. The majority of these examples stemmed from student projects, rather than commercial software products. Accordingly, students benefit twofold from the visually-oriented subject presentations, firstly in facilitating the learning of basic concepts, and secondly in the development of educational software packages as part of their project work.

The Advantage Of Industrial R&D In The Training Of University Students, J. Fulcher

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Experience gained through industrial R&D projects supports the proposition that several benefits flow through to both students and faculty staff beyond that of simply providing associated student project titles. To be more specific, enhancing lecture material with not only specific research findings but also general experience gained from working on such projects are secondary benefits of such university-industry links. Moreover, the reputation and standing of both individual researchers and university research groups are further enhanced by such relationships. This in turn often leads to subsequent industrial R&D projects (and so the cycle continues...).

Elliptic Functions And Equations Of Modular Curves, Lev A. Borisov, Paul E. Gunnells, Sorin Popescu

Paul Gunnells

Let P≥5 be a prime. We show that the space of weight one Eisenstein series defines an embedding into P(p−3)/2 of the modular curve X1(p) for the congruence group Γ1(p) that is scheme-theoretically cut out by explicit quadratic equations.

Crystal Growth, Structure Determination And Magnetism Of A New Hexagonal Rhodate: Ba9rh8o24, Katharine E. Stitzer, M. D. Smith, J. Darriet, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

Single crystals of Ba9Rh8O24, grown from a molten potassium carbonate flux, crystallize in the spacegroup R¯3c with lattice parameters of a = 10.0899(4) and c = 41.462(2) Å. Magnetic measurements on oriented single crystals reveal the existence of magnetic anisotropy

Exchange Bias In A Generalized Meiklejohn-Bean Approach, Christian Binek

Christian Binek Publications

A generalized Meiklejohn–Bean model is considered in order to derive an analytic expression for the dependence of the previous exchange bias term field on the layer thickness involved in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic heterosystems, on the orientation of the applied magnetic field with respect to the magnetic easy axes and on the quenched magnetization MAF of the antiferromagnetic pinning layer. While MAF is a well-known feature of field-cooled dilute antiferromagnets, it seems to occur quite generally also in pure AF pinning substrates. The new analytic expressions are successfully compared with recent experimental results and Monte Carlo investigations.

Analysis Of Corrosion Of Steel By Lead Bismuth Eutectic, John Farley, Dale L. Perry

Transmutation Sciences Materials (TRP)

The goal is to achieve a basic understanding of the corrosion of stainless steel by Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE), which has been proposed for use in the transmuter as both a coolant and as a sputtering target.

Redshifts For 2410 Galaxies In The Century Survey Region, Gary Wegner, John R. Thorstensen, Michael J. Kurtz, Warren R. Brown, Daniel G. Fabricant, Margaret J. Geller, John P. Huchra, Ronald O. Marzke, Shoko Sakai

Dartmouth Scholarship

The Century Survey strip covers 102 deg² within the limits 85 ≤ α ≤ 165, 290 ≤ δ ≤ 300, equinox B1950.0. The strip passes through the Corona Borealis supercluster and the outer region of the Coma cluster. Within the Century Survey region, we have measured 2410 redshifts that constitute four overlapping complete redshift surveys: (1) 1728 galaxies with Kron-Cousins R_ph ≤ 16.13 covering the entire strip, (2) 507 galaxies with R_ph ≤ 16.4 in right ascension range 8^h32^m ≤ α ≤ 10 ^h45^m, equinox B1950.0, (3) 1251 galaxies with absorption- …

Anomalous Barium Filling Fraction And N-Type Thermoelectric Performance Of Ba[Sub Y]Co[Sub 4]Sb[Sub 12]., L. Chen, T. Kawahara, X. Tang, T. Goto, T. Hirai, Jeffrey Dyck, W. Chen, C. Uher

Jeffrey Dyck

Barium-filled skutterudites BaCoSb with an anomalously large filling fraction of up to y=0.44 have been synthesized. The lattice parameters increase linearly with Ba content. Magnetic susceptibility data show that BaCoSb is paramagnetic, which implies that some of the Co atoms in BaCoSb have acquired a magnetic moment. The presence of the two different valence states of Co (Co3+ and Co2+) leads to the anomalously large barium filling fraction even without extra charge compensation. All samples show n-type conduction. The electrical conductivity increases with increasing the Ba filling fraction. The lattice thermal conductivity of BaCoSb is significantly depressed as compared to …

Charge Transfer And X-Ray Emission Reactions Involving Highly Charged Ions And Neutral Hydrogen, J. A. Perez, Ronald E. Olson, P. Beiersdorfer

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The electron capture from hydrogen by highly charged-bare ions was studied using a three-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method. The state-selective capture cross sections, calculated for a wide range of collision energies, were used to estimate x-ray emission cross sections. The capture process produced excited hydrogen-like ions and captured majority of electrons into one or two dopant states at low collision energies. The calculations predicted a large increase in the fraction of prompt x-rays produced with the lowering of the collision energy. The analysis suggested that ionization potential change for each collision and multiple capture played significant role in …

Scalable Audio Coding Employing Sorted Sinusoidal Parameters, M. Raad, I. Burnett, Alfred Mertins

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes the use of sorted sinusoidal parameters to produce a fixed rate, scalable, wideband audio coder. The sorting technique relies on the perceptual significance of the sinusoidal parameters. Sinusoidal coding permits the representation of a given signal through the summation of sinusoids. The parameters of the sinusoids (the amplitudes, phases and frequencies) are transmitted to allow signal reconstruction. The sinusoidal parameters are sorted according to energy content and perceptual significance. The most significant parameters are transmitted first, allowing the use of only a small set of the parameters for signal reconstruction. The proposed scheme incurs a low delay …

The Nature Of [Ar Iii]-Bright Knots In The Crab Nebula, Emily L. Schaller, Robert A. Fesen

Dartmouth Scholarship

The kinematic and morphological properties of a string of [Ar III] bright knots in the CrabNebula are examined using 1994 – 1999 HST WFPC-2 images of the remnant. We find that five southern [Ar III] bright knots exhibit ordinary radial motions away from the nebula’s center of expansion with magnitudes consistent with their projected radial displacements. This result does not support the suggestion by MacAlpine et al. (1994) that these knots might be moving rapidly away from the Crab pulsar due to a collimated wind. The HST images also do not show that the [Ar III] knots have unusual morphologies …

Radiation Transport Modeling Of Beam-Target Experiments For The Aaa Project, William Culbreth

Reactor Campaign (TRP)

The AAA program will rely on the use of an accelerator-based transmuter to expose spent nuclear fuel to high-energy neutrons. The neutron flux will be sufficient to activate or fission the long-lived isotopes of Tc, I, Pu, Am, Cm, and Np that present a significant safety hazard in commercial spent fuel. Transmuter fuel will be subcritical and a high-energy proton accelerator is needed to maintain the necessary neutron flux through the use of a neutron spallation target. The maximum neutron energy produced by spallation (~ 600 MeV) is significantly higher than that produced by a commercial light water reactor (~ …

Nuclear Criticality Analyses Of Separations Processes For The Transmutation Fuel Cycle, William Culbreth, Pang Tao

Separations Campaign (TRP)

To mitigate the waste created by conventional fission reactors, spent nuclear fuel must be mechanically separated from its cladding. For the development of fuel processing technology to support the Advanced Accelerator Applications (AAA) Program, aqueous and pyrochemical processes will be used to further separate technetium and iodine, uranium and the higher actinides (see Figure 1 for an example of the process layout)1. The higher actinides, including plutonium, americium, curium, and neptunium will be separated from the waste to facilitate their fabrication into new fuel for placement in a transmuter. High-energy neutrons generated by spallation in the transmuter break down these …

Design And Evaluation Of Processes For Fuel Fabrication, Georg F. Mauer

Fuels Campaign (TRP)

The objective of this project is the design and evaluation of manufacturing processes for transmuter fuel fabrication. A detailed design description for the manufacturing of each candidate fuel type would support the informed selection of fuel for a transmutation system. We will collect pertinent manufacturing and process-related information and create an information database that will document the design, operations, and cost implications of various fuel choices. Fabrication processes for different fuel types will likely differ in terms of equipment types, throughput, and cost.

Year 1 of the project will be devoted to the analysis and assessment of the multiple steps …

Development Of A Mechanistic Understanding Of High-Temperature Deformation Of Alloy Ep-823 For Transmutation Applications, Ajit K. Roy, Brendan O'Toole

Transmutation Sciences Materials (TRP)

The purpose of this project is to evaluate the elevated temperature tensile properties of Alloy EP- 823, a leading target material for accelerator-driven waste transmutation applications. This alloy has been proven to be an excellent structural material to contain the lead-bismuth-eutectic (LBE) nuclear coolant needed for fast spectrum operations. However, very little data exist in the open literature on the tensile properties of this alloy. The selection of Alloy EP-823 as the test material in the proposed task is based on the recommendation of our collaborator at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The test material will be thermally treated …

Development Of A Systems Engineering Model Of The Chemical Separations Process, Yitung Chen, Darrell Pepper, Randy Clarksean

Separations Campaign (TRP)

Two activities are proposed: the development of a Systems Engineering model and the refinement of the Argonne code AMUSE (Argonne Model for Universal Solvent Extraction). The detailed systems engineering model will be the start of an integrated approach to the analysis of the materials separations associated with the national AAA program. A second portion of the project will streamline and improve an integral part of the overall systems model, which is the software package AMUSE. AMUSE analyzes the UREX process and other related solvent extraction processes and defines many of the process streams that are integral to the systems engineering …

Measurement Of The Inclusive Jet Cross Section In Pp̅ Collisions At √S =1.8 Tev, T. Affolder, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present results from the measurement of the inclusive jet cross section for jet transverse energies from 40 to 465 GeV in the pseudorapidity range 0.1<|η|-1 of data collected by the CDF Collaboration at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The data are consistent with previously published results. The data are also consistent with QCD predictions given the flexibility allowed from current knowledge of the proton parton distributions. We develop a new procedure for ranking the agreement of the parton distributions with data and find that the data are best described by QCD predictions using the parton distribution functions which have a large gluon contribution at high E_T (CTEQ4HJ).

Modeling Corrosion In Oxygen Controlled Lbe Systems With Coupling Of Chemical Kinetics And Hydrodynamics, Samir Moujaes, Yitung Chen

Transmutation Sciences Materials (TRP)

The proposed work will combine chemical kinetics and hydrodynamics in target and test-loop lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) systems to model system corrosion effects. This approach will result in a predicative tool that can be validated with corrosion test data, used to systematically design tests and interpret the results, and provide guidance for optimization in LBE system designs. The task includes of two subtasks. The first subtask is to try to develop the necessary predictive tools to be able to predict the levels of oxygen and corrosion products close to the boundary layer through the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling. …

Analysis Of Pesticide Gas Cartridges, John J. Johnston, Carol A. Furcolow, Doreen G. Griffin, Randal S. Stahl, John D. Eisemann

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Charcoal and sodium nitrate, the active ingredients in pesticide gas cartridges, are quantified via carbon analysis and ion chromatography, respectively. Linearity was excellent (R² > 0.995) over a range consisting of 50-150% of the target concentration for both ingredients. The coefficient of variation for the replicate analyses of gas cartridges over multiple days was <4% for both analytes. Using the results from the analysis of two batches of gas cartridges, theoretical populations were modeled and used to determine practical sampling strategies to support a quality control program for a gas cartridge manufacturing operation. This modeling indicates that the analysis of three cartridges from each of five different lots would produce mean values for both active ingredients that are within 5% of the true mean >99% of the time.