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Articles 2281 - 2310 of 3435
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Development Of The Continuously Variable Volume Reactor For Flow Injection Analysisdesign, Capabilities And Testing, Linda L. Lipe, Suzanne M. Purinton, Elizabeth Mederios, C Chad Harrell, Cynthia Efta, Melissa Murray, Meredith Wood, Ray-Bernard Portier, Stuart J. Chalk
Development Of The Continuously Variable Volume Reactor For Flow Injection Analysisdesign, Capabilities And Testing, Linda L. Lipe, Suzanne M. Purinton, Elizabeth Mederios, C Chad Harrell, Cynthia Efta, Melissa Murray, Meredith Wood, Ray-Bernard Portier, Stuart J. Chalk
All Volumes (2001-2008)
A new apparatus for mixing sample and reagent in flow injection analysis is described. The continuously variable volume reactor (CVVR) replaces the conventional mixing coil in a flow injection manifold to provide mixing and dilution. A linear actuator motor allows control of the chamber volume via Lab VIEW software. The chamber volume can be incremented in steps of 1 uL over the range 68-1704 uL. In addition, the chamber has an integral variable-speed stirring unit that is also under computer control. Experiments were performed to evaluate the dispersion characteristics of this new device, evaluate the volume reproducibility, and understand the …
On The Regularity Of Solutions To Fully Nonlinear Elliptic Equations Via The Liouville Property, Qingbo Huang
On The Regularity Of Solutions To Fully Nonlinear Elliptic Equations Via The Liouville Property, Qingbo Huang
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
We show that any C1,1 solution to the uniformly elliptic equation F(D2u) = 0 must belong to C2,α, if the equation has the Liouville property.
Domain Functionals And Exit Times For Brownian Motion, Chaocheng Huang, David Miller
Domain Functionals And Exit Times For Brownian Motion, Chaocheng Huang, David Miller
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
Two domain functionals describing the averaged expectation of exit times and averaged variance of exit times of Brownian motion from a domain, respectively, are studied.
Absolutely Continuous Jacobi Operators, Steen Pedersen
Absolutely Continuous Jacobi Operators, Steen Pedersen
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Donor And Acceptor Concentrations In Degenerate Inn, David C. Look, H. Lu, William J. Schaff, J. Jasinski, Z. Liliental-Weber
Donor And Acceptor Concentrations In Degenerate Inn, David C. Look, H. Lu, William J. Schaff, J. Jasinski, Z. Liliental-Weber
Physics Faculty Publications
A formalism is presented to determine donor (ND) and acceptor (NA) concentrations in wurtzitic InN characterized by degenerate carrier concentration (n) and mobility (μ). The theory includes scattering not only by charged point defects and impurities, but also by charged threading dislocations, of concentration Ndis. For a 0.45-μm-thick InN layer grown on Al2O3 by molecular beam epitaxy, having Ndis = 5×1010 cm−2, determined by transmission electron microscopy, n(20 K) = 3.5×1018 cm−3 and μ(20 K) = 1055 cm2 …
The Fixed-Point Theorems Of Priess-Crampe And Ribenboim In Logic Programming, Pascal Hitzler, Anthony K. Seda
The Fixed-Point Theorems Of Priess-Crampe And Ribenboim In Logic Programming, Pascal Hitzler, Anthony K. Seda
Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications
Sibylla Priess-Crampe and Paulo Ribenboim recently established a general fixed-point theorem for multivalued mappings defined on generalized ultrametric spaces, and introduced it to the area of logic programming semantics. We discuss, in this context, the applications which have been made so far of this theorem and of its corollaries. In particular, we will relate these results to Scott-Ershov domains, familiar in programming language semantics, and to the generalized metrics of Khamsi, Kreinovich, and Misane which have been applied, by these latter authors, to logic programming. Amongst other things, we will also show that a unified treatment of the fixed-point theory …
Characterizing Logic Programming Semantics With Level Mappings, Pascal Hitzler, Matthias Wendt
Characterizing Logic Programming Semantics With Level Mappings, Pascal Hitzler, Matthias Wendt
Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications
Declarative semantics in logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning are often defined via fixed points of semantic operators. While many relationships between different semantics known from the literature have been studied, a uniform treatment is still missing. In this paper, we provide uniform operator-free characterizations for some of the most important semantics, more precisely, for the stable, the well-founded, and the Fitting semantics, for the weakly-perfect model semantics, and for the least model semantics for negation-free programs.
Five New Δ Scuti Stars, Gregory W. Henry, Francis C. Fekel
Five New Δ Scuti Stars, Gregory W. Henry, Francis C. Fekel
Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications
We present high‐resolution spectroscopy and precision photometry of five new, relatively bright δ Scuti stars. They were originally chosen as photometric comparison stars in our program of automated, high‐precision photometry of solar‐type stars and subsequently recognized as new variable stars. We conducted follow‐up spectroscopic and photometric observations to determine the properties of the stars and their types of variability. All five of the stars presented here belong to the most common subgroup of low‐amplitude, Population I δ Scuti variables. One of the stars, HD 10502, is the third example of a δ Scuti variable with composite broad and narrow spectroscopic …
Editors' Introduction And Acknowledgements, M. Deborah Bialeschki, Karla A. Henderson, Anderson B. Young, Robert G. Andrejewski
Editors' Introduction And Acknowledgements, M. Deborah Bialeschki, Karla A. Henderson, Anderson B. Young, Robert G. Andrejewski
Research in Outdoor Education
An introduction to the journal "Research in Outdoor Education," volume 6 is presented by the authors on behalf of the Coalition for Education in the Outdoors (CEO) Research Committee.
Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)
Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)
Research in Outdoor Education
The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors initiated a Research Task Force in 1990 with the purpose of supporting the conduct of research in the field and the dissemination of the results. The symposium at Bradford Woods and these Proceedings offer evidence of the success of this task force. At the first symposium in 1992, there was general agreement that the symposium be a regular occurrence. The 2002 Symposim and these Proceedings are indicators of the Coalition's continued support of research in outdoor education. Information on future events will be available through the Coalition office.
This article includes the Editors, …
Milestones In Outdoor Education, Anderson B. Young
Milestones In Outdoor Education, Anderson B. Young
Research in Outdoor Education
A preface to the journal "Research in Outdoor Education," volume is presented by the author on behalf of the Coalition for Education in the Outdoors (CEO) Research Committee.
Reynold E. Carlson: A Distinguished Pioneer In Outdoor Education, Joel Meier
Reynold E. Carlson: A Distinguished Pioneer In Outdoor Education, Joel Meier
Research in Outdoor Education
A tribute to Reynold E. Carson, a pioneer in outdoor education, is presented by the author.
Effective Practices And Participant Outcomes For Youth: Inclusive Camps And Outdoor Schools, Steve Brannan, Joel Arick, Ann Fullerton
Effective Practices And Participant Outcomes For Youth: Inclusive Camps And Outdoor Schools, Steve Brannan, Joel Arick, Ann Fullerton
Research in Outdoor Education
This research project investigated resident camp and outdoor school programs and employed validated instrumentation to help determine the effects of inclusive practices on the growth and development of youth with and without disabilities (Brannan, Fullerton, Arick, Robb, and Bender, in press).
Qualitative Outcomes For Youth Who Participate In Inclusive Programs: A Multi-Case Analysis Across 14 Camps And Outdoor Schools, Ann Fullerton, Steve Brannan, Joel Arick
Qualitative Outcomes For Youth Who Participate In Inclusive Programs: A Multi-Case Analysis Across 14 Camps And Outdoor Schools, Ann Fullerton, Steve Brannan, Joel Arick
Research in Outdoor Education
As the number of inclusive programs grows, an important question arises: What are the outcomes of participation in an inclusive camp or outdoor school where children live, learn, and play with peers of varying abilities. Residential camps and outdoor schools and their research partners are striving to develop effective methods to examine the outcomes for program participants (Dworken. 2001). Both quantitative and qualitative methods have been used to examine outcomes such as changes in skill levels, self-perceptions, attitudes, social interaction, and infonnant or self-reported growth in various areas of development. Qualitative research may help us describe the scope, depth, and …
Leader Integration Competencies And Staff Training, Leo Mcavoy, Jim Roehl, John Rynders
Leader Integration Competencies And Staff Training, Leo Mcavoy, Jim Roehl, John Rynders
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to test that competencies about inclusion were learned in staff training. Specifically, the study sought to identify the leadership competencies necessary for leaders in integrated outdoor adventure programs and to measure the effectiveness of a staff training addressing one of these competencies (the ability to apply integration strategies). This study was exploratory in nature and centered on one agency, Wilderness Inquiry, Inc. (WI) of Minneapolis, which is recognized as the foremost integrated outdoor adventure program in the country. The study focused on current staff of Wilderness Inquiry and on the approximately 30 new program …
Using Means-End Theory To Understand The Outdoor Adventure Experience, Marnie Goldenberg, Leo Mcavoy, David Klensosky, Tom Holman
Using Means-End Theory To Understand The Outdoor Adventure Experience, Marnie Goldenberg, Leo Mcavoy, David Klensosky, Tom Holman
Research in Outdoor Education
According to Ford (1981), outdoor education is "education in, about, and for the outdoors, implying a place, a topic, and a reason" (p. 14). Another working definition stated that outdoor education is "an experiential method of learning which takes place primarily through sensory involvement with the out-of-doors" (Priest & Gass, 1997, p. 17). Priest and Gass also defined outdoor adventure programs as those. that use challenging experiences in the outdoors to promote personal and group development.
This research developed a better understanding of the linkages between outdoor adventure program (Outward Bound) experiences and outcomes using means-end analysis. Previously the means-end …
Difficulty And Ability: Staff Member Perceptions Of Seasonal Staff Training, Gwynn M. Powell, Robert D. Bixler, Deborah M. Switzer, Karen P. Hurtes
Difficulty And Ability: Staff Member Perceptions Of Seasonal Staff Training, Gwynn M. Powell, Robert D. Bixler, Deborah M. Switzer, Karen P. Hurtes
Research in Outdoor Education
The process that camp directors use to plan and implement their staff training and continuing education may be affected by understanding seasonal staff-member perceptions of the difficulty and ability of camp-specific skills and knowledge. The purpose of this study was to investigate staff perceptions to provide a baseline of information for practice and future research.
The Adventure Model: A Replication Study To Determine If Different Adventure Skills Support The Model, Ken Gilbertson, Alan Ewert
The Adventure Model: A Replication Study To Determine If Different Adventure Skills Support The Model, Ken Gilbertson, Alan Ewert
Research in Outdoor Education
The Adventure Model uses the theory of specialization (Bryan, 1977; Ditton, Loomis, & Choi, 1992) as a developmental framework by suggesting that participants become specialized in their adventure activities, implying that individuals have differing needs and expectations based on skill and activity type. In addition, as suggested by Scott and. Shafer (2001), specialization implies a developmental process involving behavior, attitudes, and preferences. Thus, the Adventure Model suggests that as participants become more skilled and specialized, a number of attributes, such as frequency of participation and locus of decision making, change in a predictable manner (Anderson, Anderson, & Young, 2000; Ewert …
Multidimensional Self-Concept And Outdoor Adventure Education With Adolescents, Timothy S. O'Connell
Multidimensional Self-Concept And Outdoor Adventure Education With Adolescents, Timothy S. O'Connell
Research in Outdoor Education
This study focused on the changes in self-concept of adolescents enrolled in· outdoor adventure education courses offered at a traditional· college preparatory high school and explored how gender influenced changes in specific domains of self-concept.
An Analysis Of Outdoor Leaders' Ethics Guiding Decisions, Denise Mitten
An Analysis Of Outdoor Leaders' Ethics Guiding Decisions, Denise Mitten
Research in Outdoor Education
Up to 70,000 people a year may participate in wilderness experience programs in the United States (Friese, Hendee, & Kinziger, 1998). Many more people participate in non-wildemess outdoor programs. Over 700 programs offer wilderness opportunities for personal growth in the United States with a predicted increase of 15 percent a year (Ewert & McAvoy, 1999). During these trips, the behavior modeled and the information shared by the outdoor leaders influences a large number of people, including people with many diverse needs. Garvey (1999) stated that outdoor leaders model what they hold to be the most appropriate behavior in a situation: …
If The Dress Fits, Wear It.: Uncovering Meaning In Gender Stereotyping In An Australian Outdoor Education Program, Katherine J. Pinch
If The Dress Fits, Wear It.: Uncovering Meaning In Gender Stereotyping In An Australian Outdoor Education Program, Katherine J. Pinch
Research in Outdoor Education
This study is part of a larger project that examined the significance of the gender system working within and through an outdoor adventure education program for adolescents. Although the categories female and male were used to describe the claimed and ascribed identities of the participants, the study was designed to explore the implications of the gender system with reference to agency and empowerment for adolescent girls, not to differentiate between "essential" female and male experiences. The data was not analyzed to make statistical inferences about girls and boys as homogeneous groups. It was viewed in terms of how different ranges …
Developing Outdoor Leaders: Paul Petzoldt's Perspective, Mark Wagstaff, Christine Cashel
Developing Outdoor Leaders: Paul Petzoldt's Perspective, Mark Wagstaff, Christine Cashel
Research in Outdoor Education
Paul Petzoldt, an early pioneer in outdoor education, saw the need for trained outdoor leaders. Petzoldt spent his professional life educating outdoor leaders to lead safe, enjoyable outdoor adventures without harm to the environment (Bachert, 1987, Ringholz, 1997). Petzoldt, who died in 1999, left a legacy of organizations, books, students, and controversy that have helped shaped the outdoor leadership profession. After his death, boxes of papers and handwritten journals were given to the authors to use for research purposes. Some of Petzoldt's unpublished ideas are presented in this paper. Key concepts and methods utilized by Petzoldt to train outdoor leaders …
Meta-Analytic Research On The Outcomes Of Outdoor Education, James T. Neill
Meta-Analytic Research On The Outcomes Of Outdoor Education, James T. Neill
Research in Outdoor Education
For most outdoor education (OE )advocates the ready-at-hand, ad hoc evidence is sufficient to support their enthusiastic claims about OE. Indeed, the smile when a participant conquers a challenge and the glowing words spoken during a debrief are often compelling. But is it enough to let such evidence speak for itself? Professional OErs should know more about research results, as should all stakeholders in OE programs and related fields of endeavor, including researchers of OE. To date, however, there has been a lack of high quality research reviews that have been written for both researchers and practitioners. Thus the current …
Motivations Of Elderhostel Participants In Outdoor Adventure Programs: A Life-Cycle Perspective, Deborah M. Sugerman
Motivations Of Elderhostel Participants In Outdoor Adventure Programs: A Life-Cycle Perspective, Deborah M. Sugerman
Research in Outdoor Education
This manuscript examines the motivations of older adults to participate in outdoor adventure experiences based on whether or not they are retired to determine the association of motivation and retirement status. A particular focus for the paper is to better inform providers of outdoor adventure programs for older adults about the specific motivations of participants based on their stage of life cycle development. Understanding these motivations may aid in conducting effective and appropriate outdoor adventure programs for this population.
The Relationship Between Program Components And Outcomes: Participants' Perceptions Of An Outdoor Adventure Student Orientation, Cheryl K. Baldwin, Harry C. Zinn, Linda L. Caldwell
The Relationship Between Program Components And Outcomes: Participants' Perceptions Of An Outdoor Adventure Student Orientation, Cheryl K. Baldwin, Harry C. Zinn, Linda L. Caldwell
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to assess participants' perceptions of program components and outcomes of a first-year college student outdoor adventure orientation (OAO) program. Qualitative, semi-structured post-trip interviews were conducted during the spring semester with 11 OAO participants.
Ten Years Of Challenge Course Research: A Review Of Affective Outcome Studies, Camille J. Bunting, John P. Donley
Ten Years Of Challenge Course Research: A Review Of Affective Outcome Studies, Camille J. Bunting, John P. Donley
Research in Outdoor Education
Over the past 30 years, challenge/ropes courses have spread across the country and are now focused toward a variety of populations, including adolescents, college students, and corporate employees. Despite their success and growing popularity as an effective training tool, challenge/ropes courses have earned little credibility through academic research. Although a significant amount of research has· been completed, questions continue to arise regarding the efficacy of challenge/ropes experiences for corporate team development and the educational enhancement for adolescent and college students. The purpose of this study was to assimilate and synthesize challenge/ropes course research during the 1990s that studied affective outcomes …
The Relationship Of Motivation Factors To Level Of Development In Outdoor Adventure Recreationists, Sharon L. Todd, Lynn Anderson, Anderson B. Young, Dale Anderson
The Relationship Of Motivation Factors To Level Of Development In Outdoor Adventure Recreationists, Sharon L. Todd, Lynn Anderson, Anderson B. Young, Dale Anderson
Research in Outdoor Education
A growing body of empirical studies tests theories of developmental level in a recreation activity. Most are based on two prominent leisure theories: specialization (Bryan, 1977, 1979) and amateur/professionalism or "serious leisure" (Stebbins, 1979, 1992). A parallel group of studies has focused on understanding the developmental levels of outdoor adventure (or risk) receation behavior, primarily using the Adventure Recreation Model (ARM) (Ewert, 1989) as a cornerstone. Both areas of the literature have sought to understand developmental levels in relation to other variables, including motivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the motivation factors that are related to participants' …
Outcomes Of Camping: Perceptions From Camper Focus Groups, M. Deborah Bialeschki, Amy Krehbiel, Karla A. Henderson
Outcomes Of Camping: Perceptions From Camper Focus Groups, M. Deborah Bialeschki, Amy Krehbiel, Karla A. Henderson
Research in Outdoor Education
The Recreation and Leisure Studies Department at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) and Morry's Camp are working together to develop an evaluation research plan that blends appropriate measurement tools with assessing desired outcomes. Several methodological techniques are in place to gather qualitative and. quantitative longitudinal data from Morry's Camp.
This paper, however, will focus on one set of qualitative results gathered from three exploratory focus groups conducted with campers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the match between the camp's objectives and the valued aspects of the camp experience as articulated by the campers. Our …
An Examination Of The Effects Of Experiential Education In A Cross Cultural Context On The Moral Reasoning Of High School Students, Jordana Dezeeuw
An Examination Of The Effects Of Experiential Education In A Cross Cultural Context On The Moral Reasoning Of High School Students, Jordana Dezeeuw
Research in Outdoor Education
The purpose of this study was to ascertain if a student's moral reasoning may be enhanced during cross-cultural immersion programs, which intentionally incorporate experiential learning (i.e., the cycle of experience reflection transfer new knowledge). Using the University of Minnesota's Center for the Study of Ethical Development Defining Issues Test - 2 (DIT-2) as a quantitative instrument, the study looked at the indicated differences in the moral reasoning of 50 students between the ages of 14 and 18 before and after their experiences on Global Routes and Interlocken travel programs.
Grappling With The Theoretical And Measurement Issues Involved In Assessing The Impact Of A Combined Adventure/Social-Cognitive Prevention Program On Violent Behavior, Aleta L. Meyer
Research in Outdoor Education
The focus of this presentation is to outline the issues we have been grappling with on the journey from developmental psychology toward the field of outdoor education, and to invite practitioners in outdoor adventure to join in this walk for the purpose of seeing how we might be able to collaboratively prevent youth violence and promote positive development.