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Articles 2281 - 2310 of 302419

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Participatory Planning, Monitoring And Evaluation Of Grassland Management In West Africa, A Waters-Bayer, W Bayer Jun 2024

Participatory Planning, Monitoring And Evaluation Of Grassland Management In West Africa, A Waters-Bayer, W Bayer

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

To gain a firmer base for supporting development projects in the West African savanna, a study was made of existing experiences in participatory planning with pastoralists. Promising methods were then selected by a natural resource management project in the Sahel of Burkina Faso. Tools such as maps, matrices and Venn diagrammes were applied with pastoralists using communal grazing areas. Rather than establishing fixed landuse plans, it was necessary to build up platforms representing various groups of grassland users who negotiate modes of management, monitor its effectiveness, and constantly re-adjust plans on the basis of their joint assessment.

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Overseeding Methods For Communal Grassland, L Tahtacioglu, A Mermer, M Avci Jun 2024

Overseeding Methods For Communal Grassland, L Tahtacioglu, A Mermer, M Avci

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Two establishment methods, cultivator+roller and grassland drill, in combination with four plant mixtures were evaluated for the improvement of degraded communal grassland in two provinces of Eastern Anatolia. The establishment had been satisfactory with both methods and no significant differences were observed between two overseeding methods. Sainfoin, alfalfa, smooth brome and crested wheatgrass were used in this work and plant mixtures consisted of one legume and one grass species. Compatibility of introduced seedlings with existing vegetation was very weak. Although, the contribution of introduced plant mixtures to DM yield was significantly higher under protected condition, the survival and regeneration rates …

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The Effects Of Topographical Factors On Forage And Grazing Periods And Carrying Capacity In Eastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Ali Koc, Ahmet Gokkus Jun 2024

The Effects Of Topographical Factors On Forage And Grazing Periods And Carrying Capacity In Eastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Ali Koc, Ahmet Gokkus

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In this study, natural pastures were selected for floristic and grazing measurement in toeslope, summit, footslope, and shoulder of four position with altitudes ranging between 2000-2500 m in 1992 and 1993. While the longest green forage periods were recorded for footslope, summit and northern faces, the longest dry forage periods were in the south and west sites. Duration of grazing period ranged between 120 and 140 days depending on climatic and topographical factors. Grazing period was the longest in the southern footslope whereas it was shortest in the summit and northern shoulder. Grazing area for a livestock unit (LU) needs …

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Sward Height Effects On Sward Composition And Animal Performance In Grass/Clover Swards Co-Grazed By Sheep And Goats, M Del Pozo, A Martinez, K Osoro Jun 2024

Sward Height Effects On Sward Composition And Animal Performance In Grass/Clover Swards Co-Grazed By Sheep And Goats, M Del Pozo, A Martinez, K Osoro

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A mixed herd of yearling cashmere bucks plus Gallega and Lacha ewes rearing single lambs continuously grazed lowland perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) / white clover (Trifolium repens) swards on two contrasting sward surface heights of 8.3 (High) or 5.9 cm (Low) over a 100-day spring grazing period. Performance results showed that ewes and bucks had respectively an extra 2.6 and 2.0 kg of liveweight gain in the High height treatment while lambs replenished 185 (High) and 198 (Low) g of daily liveweight. Significant increases of live clover occurred in both sward height treatments and that was …

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Evaluation Of Combining Ability For Chemical Components Of Forage Sorghum, S P. Shaug, K D. Lo Jun 2024

Evaluation Of Combining Ability For Chemical Components Of Forage Sorghum, S P. Shaug, K D. Lo

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic behaviors of crude protein (CP), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and hydrocyanic acid (HCN) by using 28 forage sorghum lines (including one set of half diallel cross and seven parents) as experimental materials. The results showed that the differences of all chemical components except Mg were significant among parents at heading and maturity. The mean squares of general(GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities of K and HCN at heading and maturity were all significant. Their additive variances were higher than their dominant variances at heading, however, similar at maturity. …

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Dry Matter Degradability Of Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) Grown At Different Altitudes Tested With Rumen Fistulated Rams, M Knezevic, J Leto, V Kozumplik, I Pejic Jun 2024

Dry Matter Degradability Of Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) Grown At Different Altitudes Tested With Rumen Fistulated Rams, M Knezevic, J Leto, V Kozumplik, I Pejic

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Among ecological factors altitude can have significant influence on forage dry matter degradability. Red clover is a very important forage species in hilly-mountain regions. Its response in dry matter degradability to different altitudes has been little studied. In this experiment degradability of six red clover cultivars grown at two different altitudes (123 and 650 meters above the sea level) was studied by using rumen fistulated rams (in sacco technique). The clover samples for the degradability determination were taken from the first cut done at the beginning of flowering at each altitude. The experiment was organised as tree factorial CRD. Five …

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Utilization Of Rumen Evacuation And In Situ Methodology To Study Mineral Element Characteristics Of Bromus Inermis, D T. Hickok, R J. Rasby, D R. Brink, P A. Olson, P R. Martin Jun 2024

Utilization Of Rumen Evacuation And In Situ Methodology To Study Mineral Element Characteristics Of Bromus Inermis, D T. Hickok, R J. Rasby, D R. Brink, P A. Olson, P R. Martin

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Mineral element characteristics of Bromus inermis were determined in 2 week intervals from May 15 to October 15 in a four-year study. Clipped samples were separated to leaf and stem fractions. In year 4, 3 ruminally fistulated cows were used to determine diet selection 6 times during the growing season, and were used to determine in situ mineral disappearance of clipped grass. Based on rumen evacuation and in situ methodology elemental concentrations in Bromus inermis exhibited seasonal flux and in the conditions of this study cows did not select a diet different from clipped samples in elements other than Fe …

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Anatomy Of Forage Plant Parts In Relation To Digestion, P Rezvani Moghaddam, D Wilman Jun 2024

Anatomy Of Forage Plant Parts In Relation To Digestion, P Rezvani Moghaddam, D Wilman

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to contribute some quantitative information regarding the proportion of cell types and the thickness of cell walls in different plant parts of three major forage species, lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and maize (Zea mays L.). All plant parts examined contained a significant proportion of cell types with walls which appeared too thick to be completely degraded during the time which plant particles are likely to spend in the rumen; this applied particularly to lucerne stems and maize leaf blades.

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Mineral Composition Of Perennial Pasture Species Grazed By Dairy Cows In South-Eastern Australia, P T. Doyle, C R. Stockdale, W J. Wales Jun 2024

Mineral Composition Of Perennial Pasture Species Grazed By Dairy Cows In South-Eastern Australia, P T. Doyle, C R. Stockdale, W J. Wales

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

On four occasions, the mineral composition of white clover (Trifolium repens L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and paspalum (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.), and their morphological components, were monitored as they regrew after defoliation. The four periods coincided with spring, summer, summer/autumn and autumn. White clover generally had more phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium than did the grasses. Ryegrass, on the other hand, had higher concentrations of sodium than either white clover or paspalum. When compared with requirements for lactating dairy cows, it appeared that phosphorus was the major mineral in the pasture on offer with potential to adversely …

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Recent Developments In The Use Of Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy For The Evaluation Of Grass Silage, N W. Offer, D S. Percival, C Thomas Jun 2024

Recent Developments In The Use Of Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy For The Evaluation Of Grass Silage, N W. Offer, D S. Percival, C Thomas

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This work assessed the potential of near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the voluntary intake and fermentation characteristics of grass silage. NIRS spectra were obtained from dried milled (Dry) or fresh samples by two methods (Wet1 - vertical transport mechanism and Wet2 - rotating cup drawer). Prediction errors (SECV as a percentage of mean values) were 5.5, 6.5 and 2.5 for Dry, Wet1 and Wet2 respectively for intake by dairy cows (n=28). Corresponding values were 10.3, 16.1 and 10.9 for lambs (n=88). The Wet2 method gave more accurate predictions than Wet1 except for predictions of ADF and unfermentable metabolisable energy …

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Monitoring Kinetics Of Readily Available Fermentable Components By Means Of In-Vitro Gas Production, G Pichard, G Jaurena, M A. Bruni Jun 2024

Monitoring Kinetics Of Readily Available Fermentable Components By Means Of In-Vitro Gas Production, G Pichard, G Jaurena, M A. Bruni

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In vitro rumen incubations were used for measuring substrate disappearance and gas production dynamics. Samples were neutral detergent extracts of alfalfa and orchardgrass with or without added glucose. A logistic multi-pool model was used for describing feed fractions with distinct kinetic parameters, namely pools A, B1, B2 and C that represent fractions of increasing refractoriness. This technique based on gas measurement allowed to monitor early fermentation kinetics of readily available substrates thus overcoming the limitations encountered in traditional in vitro substrate disappearance. Pools A, B1 and B2 showed specific rates near 0.14 , 0.08 and 0.02 and lags of zero, …

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Analysis Of Mixed Sward Silage By Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs), P Castro, J Castro, A Gonzalez-Arraez, G Flores Jun 2024

Analysis Of Mixed Sward Silage By Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (Nirs), P Castro, J Castro, A Gonzalez-Arraez, G Flores

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

NIR calibration equations were developed to determine crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), organic matter (OM), in vivo organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolizable energy (ME) in mixed swards silages. Spectra of 96 in vivo evaluated silages were recorded on a PSCO 6250 monochromator spectrophotometer using NSAS (NIRS Spectral Analysis Software) and converted to NewISI software. NIR calibrations were obtained by modified PLS regression of the 2nd. derivative of SNV and De-trended spectra on laboratory and in vivo data. Determination coefficients (R2) ranged from 0.77 for ME to 0.98 for CP and OM. Highest standard errors of calibration and …

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Estimation Of Dry Matter And Lignin Distributions In Maize Internodes By Micro-Surgical Tissue Separation, O Kawamura, N Niijima, M Niimi Jun 2024

Estimation Of Dry Matter And Lignin Distributions In Maize Internodes By Micro-Surgical Tissue Separation, O Kawamura, N Niijima, M Niimi

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The second, 5th and 8th internodes, counting from the lowest internode, taken from the heading, milk-ripe and full-ripe maize (Zea mays L), were dissected into fractions of epidermis (EPI), sclerenchyma (SCL), vascular bundle (VB) and pith parenchyma (PITH). The proportion of dry weight of VB to the total dry weight were smallest (8-13%), followed by EPI (15-22%) and SCL (15-30%) and PITH (43-58%). These values differed entirely from the proportions of area for the fractions on the cross-cut section. The lignin concentration, in the most case, was in the order of; EPI > SCL > VB > PITH. From the bottom toward the …

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Qualitative Parameters Of Two Cultivare Of Panicum Maximum, Jacq. Under Grazing, B Lempp, J.M B. Ezequiel, J.M Dos Dantos, A H. Zimmer, V Favorette, C F. Damiao, F.J W. Cattelan, L.F C. Defigueuredo, A P. Martins Jr Jun 2024

Qualitative Parameters Of Two Cultivare Of Panicum Maximum, Jacq. Under Grazing, B Lempp, J.M B. Ezequiel, J.M Dos Dantos, A H. Zimmer, V Favorette, C F. Damiao, F.J W. Cattelan, L.F C. Defigueuredo, A P. Martins Jr

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Two Panicum maximum cultivars were studied with respect to forage leaf blade availability and extrusa through chemical parameters, tissue proportion and degradation. It was concluded by observing digestive residues that the studies qualitative parameters did not show indication of higher fragility of the cultivar ‘Aruana’ in relation the cultivar ‘Vencedor’.

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Herbage Quality At Continuous Grazing With Dairy Cows At Different N-Intakes And Sward Types, K Soegaard, O Aaes Jun 2024

Herbage Quality At Continuous Grazing With Dairy Cows At Different N-Intakes And Sward Types, K Soegaard, O Aaes

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Herbage quality was examined in paddocks continuously grazed by dairy cows fed supplements with low and high N. There were two sward types for each level of supplement, i.e. fertilized perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L) and unfertilized perennial ryegrass/white clover (Trifolium repens L) with a mean clover content of 49 % of dry matter. Decreasing N-intake from 307 to 140 g N cow -1 d -1 by feeding low-N supplements had a small influence on herbage quality in spite of the reduced N-output via urine and faeces. Variation in herbage quality was large during the growing season. The fibre concentration …

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Characterizing Effective Fiber With Particle Size And Fiber Concentration Interactions, D R. Buckmaster, A J. Heinrichs, R A. Ward, B P. Lammers Jun 2024

Characterizing Effective Fiber With Particle Size And Fiber Concentration Interactions, D R. Buckmaster, A J. Heinrichs, R A. Ward, B P. Lammers

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Both physical form and chemical nature of fiber is important to ruminant animals. A recently developed method for determining particle size distribution was used to characterize typical distributions for forages and total mixed rations (TMR) from the Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S. An effective fiber index (EFI) and modified effective fiber index (MEFI) are proposed which link physical and chemical characteristics. The EFI and MEFI are computed by weighting NDF concentrations by particle size distribution and effectiveness for contribution towards a rumen mat and rumination.

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A Model Of Digestibility Dynamics In Leaf Segments In Grass Swards, M Hirata Jun 2024

A Model Of Digestibility Dynamics In Leaf Segments In Grass Swards, M Hirata

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A mechanistic model which describes the dynamics of dry matter digestibility (DMD) in leaves in a grass sward was developed. The model treats the leaves in the sward canopy as a set of 2 cm-long canopy components, and simulates DMD dynamics in the components from their emergence through aging. Each component has its own initial DMD at emergence, and the DMD decreases as the component ages. The model was parameterized and tested against data from a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Függe) pasture. This new, mechanistic approach was proved to be useful in developing our mechanistic understanding of DMD dynamics in a …

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Quality And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa And Grass Silages With Biological Additives, H Shorko-Sajko, W Bednarski, J Kowalewska-Piontas, J Sajko, K Mlynarczyk Jun 2024

Quality And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa And Grass Silages With Biological Additives, H Shorko-Sajko, W Bednarski, J Kowalewska-Piontas, J Sajko, K Mlynarczyk

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The present study satisfactorily utilized some food industry byproducts for improving fermentation characteristics, quality and nutritive value of silages. Five kinds of preparations were made: sugar-enzymes based (beet molasses and brewer’s yeast, mycelium of Aspergillus niger, malted barley at 3:3:3:1); enzymes-bacteria based (mycelium of Aspergillus niger, malted barley, acidic whey, fermentation broth and lactic acid bacteria or skim milk powder at 3:0.9:3:0.1); sugar based (molasses and brewer’s yeast at 1:1) and concentrate of lactic acid bacteria only. Untreated or additive-treated first-cut low sugar (60g kg-1DM, 19.4% DM) alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) plus grasses (Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata) was …

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A Dynamic Model For Changes In Nutritional Value In Grass. An Approach To Modify The Model To A Mixed Ley With Grass And Red Clover, A.-M Gustavsson Jun 2024

A Dynamic Model For Changes In Nutritional Value In Grass. An Approach To Modify The Model To A Mixed Ley With Grass And Red Clover, A.-M Gustavsson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this approach was to check the possibility to modify a dynamic model for simultaneous simulation of the above-ground dry matter growth (DM) and concentrations of crude protein CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) in stands of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) to a model for mixed leys with timothy and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). DM growth is estimated in relation to intercepted radiation, air temperature, soil-water status and tissue-N concentration. CP is estimated in relation to plant uptake of N from soil mineralization, nitrogen fixation and applied fertilizer, and dilution of N during plant growth. ME …

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Effect Of Calcium Nutrition On The Formation Of Calcium Oxalate In Kikuyu Grass, J P. Marais, A D. Barnabas, D L. Figenschou Jun 2024

Effect Of Calcium Nutrition On The Formation Of Calcium Oxalate In Kikuyu Grass, J P. Marais, A D. Barnabas, D L. Figenschou

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this investigation was to study the formation of calcium oxalate crystals in situ in kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) and to determine the effect of calcium uptake on the soluble and insoluble oxalate content of the grass. Oxalate crystals were more abundant in high-calcium leaves than in low-calcium leaves. Electron microscopy showed that the oxalate crystals are formed in association with globular electron-dense bodies in the vacuole of certain cells. The calcium content of kikuyu is increased by increasing the calcium level of the growth medium. However, the increased amount of calcium taken up by the …

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Selection For High Dry Matter And Nonstructural Carbohydrate Contents In Italian Ryegrass, J P. Marais, M De Figueiredo, D.C W. Goodenough Jun 2024

Selection For High Dry Matter And Nonstructural Carbohydrate Contents In Italian Ryegrass, J P. Marais, M De Figueiredo, D.C W. Goodenough

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this investigation was to determine whether or not the selection parameters, dry matter and total nonstructural carbohydrate contents, in an Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) selection trial were linked to other traits affecting nutritive quality. Selected F3 plants had significantly higher dry matter and total nonstructural carbohydrate contents than the commercial control plants tested. Although differences in digestibility in vitro of selected plants and control cultivars were non-significant, the selected plants contained less acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin than the controls. Acid detergent fibre and acid detergent lignin, the main anti-quality factors associated with pasture …

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Forage Quality Of Klein And Angleton Grasses As Standing Hay In The Dry Tropic, J A. Ortega-S, R Guarneros, J M. Avila, M A. Hussey Jun 2024

Forage Quality Of Klein And Angleton Grasses As Standing Hay In The Dry Tropic, J A. Ortega-S, R Guarneros, J M. Avila, M A. Hussey

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This study was conducted at Aldama Experimental Station of INIFAP, in Aldama, Tamps., Mexico, to determine the quality and nutritive value of angleton (Dichanthium aristatum Poir.) (A) and klein (Panicum coloratum L.) (K) pastures used as standing hay. Pastures were closed to grazing in September to promote herbage accumulation until February when the experiment was initiated. Two 200 kg live weight crossbred steers were set stocked per each replication. Two fistulated steers were used to collect extrusa samples every 16 days during the 83-d experimental period. Average daily gain in K was 1.3 times higher (P<0.01) than in A. Crude protein concentration was similar (P > 0.01) in leaves of …

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Stover Traits As Indicators For Forage Aptitude In Argentine Hybrids Of Maize, L M. Bertoia, M B. Aulicino, R Burak Jun 2024

Stover Traits As Indicators For Forage Aptitude In Argentine Hybrids Of Maize, L M. Bertoia, M B. Aulicino, R Burak

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The use of maize as forage in Argentina has increased in recent years. Nowadays, the seed sold in the country as forage maize belongs to selected grain hybrids. The development of wholly forage materials means a complete change in the architecture of the plant. Our aims were 1) To propose classification criteria of maize genotypes 2) To characterize maize hybrids used as forage on the Argentine market, based on yield and quality forage traits. Numerical techniques allowed the classification of the hybrids. Stover digestibility and stover soluble carbohydrates, indicative of forage quality traits, presented the greatest variability. These results would …

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General And Specific Combining Ability For Forage Maize Aptitude. Part 1: Inbred Lines, R Burak, L M. Bertoia Jun 2024

General And Specific Combining Ability For Forage Maize Aptitude. Part 1: Inbred Lines, R Burak, L M. Bertoia

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Ten inbred maize lines were evaluated through their crosses in various environments with the aim of determining their forage production. The ear and stover dry matter were established separately, when variability for both components was found . The effect of the environment was mainly noted in the harvest index. The most outstanding lines were: B84 for ear yield and dry matter yield from the whole plant and L1 for stover yield. The crosses B84xL2 and B84xL6 produced non-additive effects which were significant for some variables. No significant differences were found when comparing the commercial checks with the highest yielding crosses.

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Rumen Fermentation Kinetics Of Grass Measured In Sacco And With The Gas Production Technique, J W. Cone, H Valk Jun 2024

Rumen Fermentation Kinetics Of Grass Measured In Sacco And With The Gas Production Technique, J W. Cone, H Valk

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Rumen fermentation kinetics of grass and silage, differing in age and yield (1500 -7900 kg DM ha-1), were studied in sacco and in vitro, using the gas production test and the Tilley and Terry technique. An increasing yield increased the content of NDF and lignin in grass and decreased protein content, in vitro degradability measured by the Tilley and Terry method, and rate of fermentation measured with the gas production technique and the nylon bag method. The same ranking in fermentation characteristics was observed using the gas production test, the nylon bag method and the Tilley and Terry method. The …

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Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Winter Cereals, M K. Siefers, K K. Bolsen Jun 2024

Agronomic And Silage Quality Traits Of Winter Cereals, M K. Siefers, K K. Bolsen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Agronomic and silage quality traits were examined for 12 winter cereals harvested at two stages of maturity. Forage dry matter (DM) yields were higher at the mid-dough than the early-heading stage. Post 90 barley (Hordeum L.) had the highest whole-plant DM yield at the early-heading stage, and Presto triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) had the highest yield at the mid-dough stage. Newton wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) had the lowest whole-plant DM yield at both stages of maturity. Both crude protein (CP) and ash contents were higher for the early-heading than the mid-dough cereals. All 24 silages were of relatively …

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Estimating Forage Quality Losses During Field Drying, D M. Brown, A G. Barr, D M. Smith Jun 2024

Estimating Forage Quality Losses During Field Drying, D M. Brown, A G. Barr, D M. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine how well changes in forage quality could be simulated during field drying for hay. Measurements of moisture content and three quality components were made during eight drying periods over three years. Samples were taken from forage swaths at one to four day intervals during drying period. Changes in total dry matter and its constituents were calculated from the measured/simulated changes in quality components. Comparison of simulated and measured changes were made for total losses and cumulative changes during each drying period. The simulated total dry matter losses were within the error limits …

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Mineral Intake And Utilization By Dairy Cows Offered Grass Fertilized With Different Levels Of Nitrogen, H Valk, A M. Van Vuuren Jun 2024

Mineral Intake And Utilization By Dairy Cows Offered Grass Fertilized With Different Levels Of Nitrogen, H Valk, A M. Van Vuuren

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In four zero-grazing experiments, the effects ofN fertilizer (450 to 300 to 150 kg/ha/yr) on intake and utilization of some grass minerals (Ca, P and Mg), were investigated. Grass was offered ad lib to 12 cows per N treatment. A reduction in N fertilizer resulted in lower mean contents and intakes of Ca and Mg while P content and intake increased in late summer/autumn. The output of these minerals in milk and urine was relatively low. Therefore, a reduced intake of Ca and Mg resulted in a lower faecal output of these minerals. The ratio between intake and requirement varied …

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Performance Of Grazing Bull Calves Supplemented With Increasing Levels Of Ruminally Undegradable Portein, J R. Kawas, O Osmin, J Hernandez, R Leal, F Garza, J L. Danelon Jun 2024

Performance Of Grazing Bull Calves Supplemented With Increasing Levels Of Ruminally Undegradable Portein, J R. Kawas, O Osmin, J Hernandez, R Leal, F Garza, J L. Danelon

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing levels of ruminally undegradable protein (ECP) on the performance of bull calves grazing Coastcross-1 Bermudagrass during the dry season. One hundred and twelve Zebu-Brown Swiss bull calves weighing an average of 265 kg, were randomly assigned to four treatment groups in a completely random design. Calves received a self-feeding supplement (1 kg) with 40% crude protein (CP) and 31, 38, 44, or 52% ECP. During a 96-day preliminary phase without supplementation, weight gains of the four treatment groups ranged from 0.357 to 0.394 kg/day. A linear (P<0.0 I) response of calf weight gain was observed with an increase in ECP of the supplement (0.668, 0.672, 0.823 and 0.893 kg/day, respectively). Plasma urea concentration was reduced (P<0.05) from 17.8 to 9.85 mg/di with the highest level ofECP, which may reflect a reduced supply of NH -N for ruminal bacteria.

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Relationships Between Rumen Degradability And Cell Wall- Binding Ferulic Acid Ethers In Various Forage Crops, M Goto Jun 2024

Relationships Between Rumen Degradability And Cell Wall- Binding Ferulic Acid Ethers In Various Forage Crops, M Goto

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Ether-linked ferulic acid was determined in whole straw, plant parts and specific tissue cell walls of five barley (Hordium vulgare L.) cultivars and in sorghum stalks (Sorghum bicolor Moench x Sorghum sudanense Stapf) with five different growth and maturation stages and was related to their dry matter degradability (DMD) and extent of alkali-labile substitution at 0-5 arabinose residues previously determined.

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