Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Guiding Growth: A Survey Of Tax Incentives, New England Environmental Finance Center, Muskie School Of Public Service

Legislation

Current development patterns and increased tax pressures in local municipalities combine to harm both Maine’s natural resources and its quality of life. Previous initiatives such as the implementation of zoning laws did not fully result in the desired outcomes. Zoning laws were often too flexible and often did not resist market and political pressures to change zoning regulations to allow development with possible economic growth. A sound taxation system or fee structure may be the solution to slow down development in natural areas and direct it towards areas appropriate for growth.

To protect Maine’s natural resources more successfully from future …

Beach Profile Evolution Under Plunging And Spilling Breakers, Ping Wang, Bruce A. Ebersole, Ernest R. Smith

Geology Faculty Publications

Beach-profile evolution, along with measurements of waves, currents, and sediment concentration, under spilling and plunging breakers of similar height were studied in the three-dimensional Large-Scale Sediment Transport Facility at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center. Unidirectional irregular waves were generated over a fine-sand beach. Beach-profile shape reached equilibrium after 1,330 and 280 min of spilling and plunging wave actions, respectively. Near the main breaker line, the profile evolved differently under plunging and spilling breakers. Across most of the midsurf zone dominated by surf bores, the equilibrium profile shapes were similar. Uniform energy dissipation per unit volume at equilibrium, …

Approaches To The Synthesis Of Novel Triptycene Dendrimers And Hyperbranched Poly(Phenylene Sulfides) And Poly(Phenylene Sulfones), Alfredo Mellace

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Use Of The Bang-3 Polymer Gel To Quantify The Three-Dimensional Dose Distribution Of Imrt, Paul Anthony Bruce

LSU Master's Theses

The sophistication of radiation therapy delivery techniques at Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center (MBPCC) creates the need for an advanced dosimetric system that can quantify and verify the dose distributions in three-dimensions. Current dosimetric systems perform this dose analysis in only one or two dimensions. This paper evaluates the application of BANG-3™ polymer gel dosimetry to quantify the 3-D dose distribution of Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) using a "step and shoot" approach. The gel was irradiated by 10 MV photons at a dose rate of 400 MU/min. Relaxation rate maps were computed from proton density and T₂-weighted magnetic …

Quantifying Habitat Quality Of Larval Bay Anchovy (Anchoa Mitchilli) In Chesapeake Bay By Linking An Individual-Based Model With Spatially-Detailed Field Data, Aaron Thomas Adamack

LSU Master's Theses

Larval bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli) habitat quality in Chesapeake Bay was predicted using an individual-based model applied to spatially-detailed field data from Rilling and Houde (1999). Habitat quality was predicted using the ratio of instantaneous mortality rate to instantaneous growth rate. Model predictions of habitat quality were compared to field estimates of habitat quality derived from the spatially-detailed field data. Three sets of one-day simulations were performed to estimate larval growth and mortality rates throughout Chesapeake Bay during June and during July 1993. Field-based simulations used field data to estimate the model inputs of water temperature, zooplankton densities, and the …

An Ecopath/Ecosim Analysis Of An Estuarine Food Web: Seasonal Energy Flow And Response To River-Flow Related Perturbations, Laura Lynette Althauser

LSU Master's Theses

Estuaries are often the receiving basins for major river systems which makes them vulnerable to anthropogenic influences. I used Ecopath and Ecosim to investigate the structure of the Weeks Bay, Alabama, USA food web, and the responses of the food web to bottom-up perturbations. Four season-specific steady-state Ecopath models were developed and used to compare the production, biomass, consumption, biomass flows, and higher order indices of ecosystem functioning of the Weeks Bay food web under winter, spring, summer, and fall conditions. The season-specific Ecopath snapshots indicated that the structure of the Weeks Bay food web was resilient. Winter had the …

Field Validation Of Bentazon Phytoremediation, Sajida Begum

LSU Master's Theses

Phytoremediation with black willow (Salix nigra) was conducted in 1996 by planting trees at a density of 2000 trees/hectare at BASF Corporation in a shallow groundwater plume containing low levels of bentazon. In this project, the roots, stems,and leaves of the black willow plants were extracted and analyzed to see if bentazon from the ground water was taken up by the plants. Different extraction procedures such as liquid-phase extraction and solid-phase extraction were compared. Final determination using different analytical techniques such as GC-MSD, GC-ECD, and HPLC with UV detection for the isolation and analysis of bentazon residues from the plant …

The Effects Of Sediment Grain Size And Oil Exploration On Microbial Atp Biomass, Eric Tyson Guilbeau

LSU Master's Theses

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a unique biochemical indicator of active microbial biomass and its relationship to environmental conditions. Its assay in sediments is complicated, however, by adsorptive loss to the sediment matrix and subsequent interferences in the luciferin-luciferase assay by compounds released during the extraction process. Corrections must be applied to correct for these losses and we describe a novel approach using radioactive ATP to correct for ATP adsorption. The sediment matrix also plays a significant role in determining both the magnitude of the ATP pool and the extent of the ATP adsorptive loss. Coarser sediments were found to have …

The Roles Of Silanes As Coupling Reagents And In Deoxygenative Alkylations, Andrea S. Dupre

LSU Master's Theses

Silane reagents play important roles in many areas of organic synthesis. This is primarily due to the ability of silanes to bond to more ligands than the traditional four to become hypervalent (i.e. penta- or hexavalent). This hypervalency causes the silicon center to become more Lewis Acidic and causes the formation of carbon nucleophiles from organosilane ligands. These nucleophiles have been used to perform many cross-coupling reactions with organohalide reagents. The research presented in this thesis reports the utility of silane reagents in cross-coupling reactions of Grignard reagents with alkyl halides. This cross coupling was desirable because the silane should …

Multiphoton Detachment Of A Negative Ion By An Elliptically Polarized, Monochromatic Laser Field, N. L. Manakov, M. V. Frolov, Bogdan Borca, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

The quasistationary quasienergy state approach (QQES) is applied to the analysis of partial (n-photon) decay rates and angular distributions (ADs) of photoelectrons produced by an elliptically polarized laser field. The problem is formulated for a weakly bound electron with an energy E₀ in the three-dimensional δ-model potential (which approximates the short-range potential of a negative ion) interacting with a strong monochromatic laser field having an electric vector F(ωt).The results presented cover weak (perturbative), strong (nonperturbative), and superstrong field regimes as well as a wide interval of frequencies ω extending from the tunnelling (ħω << |E_{0 …}

A Mathematical Model For Simplifying Representations Of Objects In A Geographic Information System, Gabriel Perrow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study of operations on representations of objects is well documented in the realm of spatial engineering. However, the mathematical structure and formal proof of these operational phenomena are not thoroughly explored. Other works have often focused on query-based models that seek to order classes and instances of objects in the form of semantic hierarchies or graphs. In some models, nodes of graphs represent objects and are connected by edges that represent different types of coarsening operators. This work, however, studies how the coarsening operator "simplification" can manipulate partitions of finite sets, independent from objects and their attributes. Partitions that …

National Coastal Assessment Program 2003 Assessing Virginia’S Estuaries And Tidal Tributaries To Chesapeake Bay And The Atlantic Ocean July Through September 2003, Wendy Lowery, Hank Brooks, Marcel Montaine, Herb Austin

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) participated in the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Coastal Assessment (NCA) in 2003. As in the previous three years, the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) through EPA grant funds contracted VIMS to collect fish at pre-determined stations. Data on invertebrate community structure and bottom habitat were collected also. VIMS’ responsibilities included collection, documentation and verification of all data and the storage of samples for future delivery to DEQ.

The Ceres-Rice Model-Based Estimates Of Potential Monsoon Season Rainfed Rice Productivity In Bangladesh, Rezaul Mahmood, Mark Meo, David R. Legates, Mark L. Morrissey

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Agricultural practices in Bangladesh are largely dependent on the monsoonal rainfall. Historically, Bangladesh often experiences severe droughts and floods during the monsoon months, with significant crop losses during both extreme conditions. This article provides a quantitative assessment of potential monsoon-season aman rice for four transplanting dates: 1 June, 1 July, 15 July, and 15 August. A crop-growth simulation model, the CERES-Rice, is applied to sixteen locations representing major rice-growing regions of Bangladesh to determine baseline yield estimates for four transplanting dates. The applications were conducted for 1975 through 1987. Average potential yield in Bangladesh is 6,907, 5,039, 3,637, and 1,762 …

The Motion Of Cosmic Strings In The Schwarzschild Black Hole Spacetime, Sergey Roshchupkin, Yevgeniy Zinchenko

Turkish Journal of Physics

We study the classical dynamics of a bosonic string in the Schwarzschild spacetime using a perturbative scheme which is based on the assumption of a small value of a rescaled string tension parameter. The proposed approximation selfconsistently describes the string dynamics on the scale of large values for the worldsheet time in a fixed gauge.

Theory Of Antisymmetric Tensor Fields, Valeri Dvoeglazov

Turkish Journal of Physics

It has long been claimed that the antisymmetric tensor field of the second rank is pure longitudinal after quantization. In my opinion, such a situation is quite unacceptable. I repeat the well-known procedure of the derivation of the set of Proca equations. It is shown that it can be written in various forms. Furthermore, on the basis of the Lagrangian formalism I calculate dynamical invariants (including the Pauli-Lubanski vector of relativistic spin for this field). Even on the classical level, the Pauli-Lubanski vector can be equal to zero after applications of well-known constraints. The importance of the normalization is pointed …

Development Of Double Discharge Pulsed Electron Beam Generator And Its Preliminary Applications In Material Processing, Hi̇lal Göktaş, Gulay Oke, Mircea Udrea

Turkish Journal of Physics

This article presents the construction of a fast, intense electron beam generator, several of its operational properties and its preliminary applications. A fast filamentary discharge produced in a tube filled with Argon gas at pressure of about 0.1 torr. An electron beam is obtained with a current intensity of about 0.6 A for a 25 ns duration. The length of the filamentary discharge and the behavior of the beam in the magnetic field are examined. The interaction of the beam with different targets was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope. It is also demonstrated that the device can be used to …

Interaction Integrals Of Extended Bodies And Convolution/Folding Operation, Şule Kehnemi̇, R. Ömür Akyüz

Turkish Journal of Physics

The convolution, or folding, theorem related to Fourier transforms is applied to the evaluation of interaction integrals of certain extended bodies for the specific purpose of nuclear applications The integrals give analytical results for a class of functions when chosen from among uniform sharp and leptodermous spheres, delta-points, Yukawa, and Coulomb shapes. Such shapes are convenient to use as models for source density and point-point interaction.

On Complex Permittivity Of Dilute Random Binary Dielectric Mixtures In Two-Dimensions, Eni̇s Tuncer, Emre Tuncer

Turkish Journal of Physics

Influence of the number of particles considered in numerical simulations on the complex dielectric permittivity of binary dilute dielectric mixtures in two-dimensions are reported. In the simulations, dodecagons (polygons with 12-sides) were used to mimic disk-shaped inclusions. Using such an approach we were able to consider 16^2 particles in a unit-square. The effective dielectric permittivity of the mixtures were calculated using the finite element method at two different frequecies which were much higher and lower than the characteristic relaxation rate of the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization. The results were compared to an analytical solution. It was found that the permittivity values at …

Electrical Characteristics Of Si Doped With Sb By Laser Annealing, Raid A. Ismail, Aseel A. Hadi

Turkish Journal of Physics

Laser induced diffusion of antimony in silicon was obtained using a Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The irradiation of antimony-coated silicon by laser beam allowed melting and diffusion of antimony inside the silicon. Diodes were fabricated. Laser beam energy and substrate temperature played a major role in electrical sheet conductivity I-V, and C-V characteristics of the fabricated diodes. High laser energy reduced the electrical sheet conductivity and dominated the recombination current due to the generation-recombination process and trapping centers. On the other hand, the diffusion current dominated for diodes fabricated under heating conditions of the sample during laser irradiation. The C-V measurements …

Microwave Signal Attenuation In Harmattan Weather Along Calabar-Akampkpa Line-Of-Sight Link, O. E. Eyo, A. I. Menkiti, Sunday O. Udo

Turkish Journal of Physics

Line-of-sight (LOS) attenuation at 6.44GHz was measured at Calabar (4° 58' N, 8° 17' E) for ten months (Aug '93-May '94) using the Nigerian Telecommunications radio signal. The measurement was made with the intent of highlighting microwave signal attenuation in Harmattan weather conditions. The results are presented in terms of mean signal level and fog attenuation, fade rate distribution, fade depth distribution and scintillation index. The observed attenuation values due to Harmattan (fog) and the calculated (using Altshuler's model) are in fairly good agreement. Also, the statistics of fade distribution show fast fading of longer duration of the order of …

Relationship Between Global Solar Radiation And Sunshine Duration For Onne, Nigeria, Louis E. Akpabio, Sunday E. Etuk

Turkish Journal of Physics

Measurements of global solar radiation and sunshine duration data during the period from 1984 to 1999 at Onne (within the rainforest climatic zone of southern Nigeria) were used to establish an Angstrom-type correlation equation. Five other commonly used correlations between global solar radiation and sunshine duration were also used to estimate global solar irradiation for Onne and their results are compared with our model. A good agreement (greater than 90% in most cases) was observed between the measured and the predicted values of our model.

Fourth Sm Family Manifestations At Clic, R. Çi̇ftçi̇, A. K. Çi̇ftçi̇, Erdal Recepoğlu, Saleh Sultansoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

The latest electroweak precision data allow the existence of additional chiral generations in the standard model. We study prospects of search for the fourth standard model family fermions and quarkonia at e^{+}e^{-} and \gamma \gamma options of CLIC. It is shown that CLIC will be powerfull machine for discovery and investigation of both fourth family leptons and quarkonia. Moreover, the formation of the fourth family quarkonia will give a new opportunity to investigate Higgs boson properties.

Study Of The Structure And Some Physical Properties Of Sodium-Boro-Phosphate Glasses Containing Antimony And Iron Oxides, Karam Abdel-Aati̇ Ali, Ahmet Gamal El-Din Mostafa

Turkish Journal of Physics

Boro-phosphate glasses containing transition metal oxides are of special interest. Hence, some sodium-Boro-phosphate glasses containing iron and antimony oxides were prepared and investigated. The structural investigation indicated the presence of different borate groups as well as tetragonal phosphate units. Most of the iron cations were found to occupy the low spin Fe^{3 +} in the tetrahedral coordination state. It was observed that some antimony act as network former cations and some others act as bridges between any two adjacent polyhedra. At high antimony oxide content, the formation of some Sb-Fe bonds was also detected. The magnetic susceptibility measurements showed a …

Extragalactic Objects In Basle Fields, Selçuk Bi̇li̇r, Yüksel Karataş, Serap Ak

Turkish Journal of Physics

We discriminated between the extragalactic objects (galaxies and quasars) and stars for Basle star fields, Plaut I, SA 54, and SA 82 by comparing Basle fields and APS POSS I finder charts. Their numbers are 187, 70, and 93 for Plaut I, SA 54, and SA 82, respectively. Most of these objects are apparently faint in V, and they cause an overestimated local luminosity function for absolutely faint magnitudes, M(V) > 5. This effect is more conspicious for the field Plaut I.

Microwave Rotational Components Of The \Nu_9= 1 And \Nu _{10} = 2 Vibrational Modes Of ^{13}Ch_{3}Cch Molecule In The Range 16 -- 50 Ghz, Mohammad Al-Share, J. A. Roberts

Turkish Journal of Physics

Some rotational components have been measured in the ground, the \nu _9 = 1 and the \nu _{10} = 2 vibrational states for ^{13}CH_3CCH isotopic species in the frequency range 16--50 GHz. A set of rotational constants has been determined, which gives the best fit between the observed and the calculated frequencies, for each vibrational state. A Fermi resonance was found between these two states.

Studies On Some Lithium-Borate Glasses Containing Iron And Copper, G. A. Yahya

Turkish Journal of Physics

A lithium-borate-glass system containing iron and copper cations has been thoroughly investigated, in order to obtain information about the structural role of both the iron and copper in such glass hosts. The amorphous phase of the prepared glass samples was confirmed from their X-ray diffraction. From the infrared spectra it was concluded that the glass networks are highly deformed and boron appeared in both tri- and tetra-hedral coordination states as well as in some ring structure. As copper was introduced, replacing lithium, it acts as a network modifier only while the iron acts as network former (FeO_4). The molar magnetic …

Esr Studies Of A Quartz Single Crystal From The Menderes Massif-Turkey, Ülkü Ulusoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

In a recent work, quartz single crystal extracted from the pegmatitic vein in the Menderes Massif (Western Turkey) was investigated and the most recent geological events of the sample was dated using Al centers by ESR (electron spin resonance) techniques. The estimated age of 1.8 \pm 0.5 My agree with neither the previous age evaluated to be 12 My by using isotopic dating techniques nor the lifetimes of these centers in the sample. It was suggested that the thermal or geothermal stressing history of the metamorphic region must have changed the apparent ESR age several cycles in this period. The …

Photoelectrochemical Properties Of Cdse:Sb Thin Film Based Solar Cells: Influence Of Electrode Thickness, Elahipasha U. Masumdar, L. P. Deshmukh

Turkish Journal of Physics

CdSe:Sb (0.1 mol%) thin films of varying thicknesses (423--1838 nm) have been deposited onto the glass and stainless steel substrates in an alkaline medium (pH = 10) using a solution growth technique. The photoelectrochemical activities of these films have been examined using CdSe:Sb (0.1 mol%)/0.25 M NaOH - 0.25M Na_2S- 0.25M S/graphite cell configuration. The films were characterized under illumination of 20 mW/cm^2} intensity to evaluate various cell parameters such as \eta, ff, R_s, R_{sh} etc. It is found that the efficiency \eta and fill factor ff increased from 0.24% to 0.45%, and 51% to 52.9%, respectively, with increase in …

Electrical, Optical, Structural And Morphological Properties Of Nis Films, Ferhunde Atay, Sali̇h Köse, Vi̇ldan Bi̇lgi̇n, İdri̇s Akyüz

Turkish Journal of Physics

The electrical, optical, structural and morphological properties of NiS films are less studied than other materials such as CdS, CdTe, ZnS, ZnO, CdO etc. Our aim in this work is to deposit NiS films, examine some of their physical properties and investigate their suitability for photovoltaic devices. NiS films were deposited onto glass substrates at a substrate temperature of 300 \pm 5 °C using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. The variations of temperature-dependent conductivity under the conditions of light and dark were investigated and it was seen that illumination reduces conductivity. The activation energy for the doped region and …

Phase Measurements In Aharonov-Bohm Interferometers, Amnon Aharony, Ora Entin-Wohlman, Yoseph Imry

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this paper we address measurements of the resonant quantum transmission amplitude t_{QD} = -i t_{QD} e^{i\alpha_{QD}} through a quantum dot (QD), as function of the plunger gate voltage V. Mesoscopic solid state Aharonov-Bohm interferometers (ABI) have been used to measure the ``intrinsic" phase, \alpha_{QD}, when the QD is placed on one of the paths. In a ``closed" interferometer, connected to two terminals, the electron current is conserved, and Onsager's relations require that the conductance G through the ABI is an even function of the magnetic flux \Phi = \hbar c\phi/e threading the ABI ring. Therefore, if one fits G …