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2004

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Articles 3931 - 3960 of 4447

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Mechanical And Light Transmittance Properties Of Locust Bean Gum Based Edible Films, Meltem Aydinli, Mehmet Tutaş, Ö. Altan Bozdemi̇r Jan 2004

Mechanical And Light Transmittance Properties Of Locust Bean Gum Based Edible Films, Meltem Aydinli, Mehmet Tutaş, Ö. Altan Bozdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The behavior of locust bean gum (LBG) under heat was investigated by thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermogravimetric (DTG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) methods. It was observed from the TG, DTG and DSC curves that LBG does not melt and is stable up to 300 °C, although exothermic degradation occurs at higher temperatures. The effect of the amount and molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the light transmittance and mechanical properties of these edible films was also examined. Haze increased and the luminous transmittance and total light transmittance values decreased with both the quantity and molecular weight of PEG. On …

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Chalcogeno Ureas Derived From Bis(1,3-Diazepan-2-Ylidene), Yetki̇n Gök, Engi̇n Çeti̇nkaya Jan 2004

Chalcogeno Ureas Derived From Bis(1,3-Diazepan-2-Ylidene), Yetki̇n Gök, Engi̇n Çeti̇nkaya

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A series of new electron rich olefins (=\overset{ } CNR(CH_2)_4\overset{ }NR)_2, 3, (a; R = CH_2C_6H_5, b; R = CH_2C_6H_4-OMe-p, c; R = CH_2C_6H_4-NMe_2-p) was generated via the condensation of RNH(CH_2)_4NHR with Me_2NCH (OMe)_2. The C=C bond cleavage reactions of 3 with S_8 and Se provide a simple and straightforward method for the synthesis of 1,3-diazepan-2-chalcogenones 4 and 5, respectively.

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The Synthesis Of Substituted 4,4'-Thiobis(Aminophenylglyoxime) And Their Polymeric Metal Complexes With Cu(Ii), Ni(Ii) And Co(Ii) Salts, Ahmet Coşkun, İbrahi̇m Karataş Jan 2004

The Synthesis Of Substituted 4,4'-Thiobis(Aminophenylglyoxime) And Their Polymeric Metal Complexes With Cu(Ii), Ni(Ii) And Co(Ii) Salts, Ahmet Coşkun, İbrahi̇m Karataş

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

4,4'-Bis(chloroacetyl)diphenyl thioether (HL) was synthesized from chloroacetyl chloride and diphenyl thioether in the presence of AlCl_3 as catalyst in a Friedel-Crafts reaction. Subsequently, its keto oxime (H_2L) and glyoxime (H_4L) derivatives were also prepared. Then 3 new substituted 4,4'-thiobis(aminophen- ylglyoxime) (H_4L^{1 - 3}) were synthesized from 4,4'-thiobis(chlorophenylglyoxime) and the corresponding amines. The Ni(II), Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes of these ligands were prepared. The structures of these ligands and their complexes were identifed by FT-IR, ^1H NMR and ICP-AES spectral data, elemental analyses and magnetic measurements.

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Sorption Preconcentration And Determination Of Molybdenum(Vi) By Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy, Olga N. Kononova, Sergey V. Kachin, Anastasiya E. Chaikovskaya, Alexander G. Kholmogorov, Olga P. Kalyaki̇na Jan 2004

Sorption Preconcentration And Determination Of Molybdenum(Vi) By Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy, Olga N. Kononova, Sergey V. Kachin, Anastasiya E. Chaikovskaya, Alexander G. Kholmogorov, Olga P. Kalyaki̇na

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The present work focuses on the preconcentration of molybdenum and its determination in aqueous solutions by means of diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The preconcentration of Mo(VI) was carried out using the macroporous strong basic anion exchanger AV-17-10P synthesized on the basis of styrene and divinylbenzene. The method for Mo determination with this collector in industrial solutions and natural water was developed using solid-phase spectroscopy. The colored surface compound to be determined was obtained by a preceding Mo(VI) sorption on the resin and by subsequent treatment of the concentrate obtained with definite amounts of pyrocatechol violet. The calibration curve is linear at …

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Determination Of Fluoride In Various Samples And Some Infusions Using A Fluoride Selective Electrode, Şeri̇fe Tokalioğlu, Şenol Kartal, Uğur Şahi̇n Jan 2004

Determination Of Fluoride In Various Samples And Some Infusions Using A Fluoride Selective Electrode, Şeri̇fe Tokalioğlu, Şenol Kartal, Uğur Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The determination of fluoride in some environmental samples was performed using a fluoride ion-selective electrode. Fluoride concentrations were determined in drinking waters (from different provinces, districts and villages in Turkey), fruit juices, bottled water samples, toothpastes and tooth powders, liquors of Turkish coffee, coffee, linden, rose hip, and various brand tea infusions, and dust samples collected from the Erciyes University campus car park. The average fluoride concentration in 39 drinking waters was 0.21 mg L^{-1} (0.02--1.42 mg L^{-1}); the level of dissolved fluoride in the dust samples was 1.39 \pm 0.09 \mu g g^{-1}; the fluoride concentrations in liquors taken …

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Determination Of Trace Amounts Of Iodide By An Inhibition Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method, Ramazan Gürkan, Ni̇lgün Bi̇çer, M. Hi̇kmet Özkan, Mehmet Akçay Jan 2004

Determination Of Trace Amounts Of Iodide By An Inhibition Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method, Ramazan Gürkan, Ni̇lgün Bi̇çer, M. Hi̇kmet Özkan, Mehmet Akçay

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, the reaction between Co(III)-EDTA and hypophosphite ion, catalyzed by Pd(II), was chosen as the indicator reaction. The inhibition kinetics of this catalytic reaction were investigated in the presence of iodide ion and the possibility of its analytical application was evaluated. Catalyzers other than PdCl_2 (Pt, Au and Ni salts) were assayed for the indicator reaction and it was observed that these catalysts have no effect on the reaction. The important variables that affected the reaction rate were investigated and the optimum conditions giving maximum sensitivity were established. The calibration graph, prepared following the inhibition kinetic method, gave …

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The Effect Of Cultural Conditions On The Variations Of Sod, Cat And Gsh-Px Activities And Lpo Levels In The Filamentous Fungus Fusarium Equiseti, Hülya Ayar Kayali, Leman Tarhan Jan 2004

The Effect Of Cultural Conditions On The Variations Of Sod, Cat And Gsh-Px Activities And Lpo Levels In The Filamentous Fungus Fusarium Equiseti, Hülya Ayar Kayali, Leman Tarhan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The changes in the activity of cellular detoxifying defence enzymes such as SOD, CAT and GSH-Px against superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, and in LPO levels in the filamentous fungus, Fusarium equiseti were measured under growth condition. Experiments were performed comparing changes in glycerol and saccharose (5-25 g/L) as carbon sources, and in glycine, peptone (5-35 g/L) as nitrogen sources in an AFM medium. While SOD activities correlate well with respect to the increase in the glycerol concentration (r = 0.437, p < 0.001), CAT activities showed negative correlation (r = -0.663, p < 0.001). The increase in SOD and CAT activities of F. equiseti correlated with increases in saccharose concentration. When glycerol and saccharose were used as carbon sources, the maximum SOD, CAT and GSH-Px enzymes activities and the minimum LPO level were determined in the medium containing 15 g/L of saccharose on the 12^{th} day at 66.61, 182.79, 1.045 IU/mg and 1.41 nmol MDA/ gr wet weight, respectively. The effects of peptone and glycine as nitrogen sources were also investigated: 53.4% and 48.03% decreases were observed in the SOD and CAT activities of F. equiseti in the presence of 10 g/L of peptone in the culture medium. The presence of 15 g/L of glycine caused 5.30% and 69.90% decreases in the SOD and CAT activities in comparison to the presence of 15 g/L of saccharose, respectively. On the other hand, LPO levels increased in proportion to the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities in glycine and peptone supplemented media.

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Iridoid And Phenylethanoid Glycosides From Verbascum Lasianthum, Zeli̇ha Ş. Akdemi̇r, İ. İrem Tatli, Erdal Bedi̇r, Ikhlas A. Khan Jan 2004

Iridoid And Phenylethanoid Glycosides From Verbascum Lasianthum, Zeli̇ha Ş. Akdemi̇r, İ. İrem Tatli, Erdal Bedi̇r, Ikhlas A. Khan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Three iridoid glucosides, 8-O-acethylharpagide (1), harpagoside (2), and 6-O-vanilloylajugol (3), were isolated from the roots of Verbascum lasianthum Boiss. ex Bentham. In addition, 2 phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside {=acteoside, [\beta -(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-(3' -O-\alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl)-(4' -O-caffeoyl)-\beta -D-glucopyranoside} (4) and poliumoside {= [\beta -(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-ethyl]-(3',6' -O-\alpha -L-dirhamnopyranosyl)-(4' -O-caffeoyl)-\beta -D-glucopyranoside} (5), were also isolated. The structures of all compounds were established by spectroscopic evidence (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, LC-ESIMS). Compounds 2-5 demonstrated scavenging properties toward the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical in TLC autographic assays.

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Synthesis, Characterization Of Some Co(Iii) Complexes With Vic-Dioxime Ligands And Their Antimicrobial Properties, Erdal Canpolat, Mehmet Kaya, Seher Gür Jan 2004

Synthesis, Characterization Of Some Co(Iii) Complexes With Vic-Dioxime Ligands And Their Antimicrobial Properties, Erdal Canpolat, Mehmet Kaya, Seher Gür

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, 6 different new vic-dioxime ligands and their mononuclear complexes with Co(III) have been synthesized. The structures of these compounds were identified by using elemental analyses, IR, ^{1}H and ^{13}C NMR, electronic spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements and conductivity. In addition, the thermal characterizations and antimicrobial activities of the ligands and their complexes have been investigated.

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Crystal Habit Modification Of Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid) Due To Solvent Effects, Ali̇ Arslantaş, Walter C. Ermler, Rahmi̇ Yazici, Di̇lhan M. Kalyon Jan 2004

Crystal Habit Modification Of Vitamin C (L-Ascorbic Acid) Due To Solvent Effects, Ali̇ Arslantaş, Walter C. Ermler, Rahmi̇ Yazici, Di̇lhan M. Kalyon

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Crystal morphologies are predicted for vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) using attachment energy methods. The significant differences between predicted and observed morphologies when vitamin C is grown from water, isopropyl alcohol, acetone-water solution, and isopropyl alcohol-methanol solution are attributed to the effect of solvent on the growth rate of the various crystal habit faces. This effect, particularly the role of hydrogen bonding between solvent and crystal surface, is examined. Molecular modeling is combined with the results of simple experiments charting the habit shift of vitamin C as a function of the hydrogen bonding tendency of the solvent or solvent mixture. Attachment …

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Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination Of Gold On A Polyvinylferrocene Coated Glassy Carbon Electrode, Muammer Kavanoz, Handan Gülce, Atti̇la Yildiz Jan 2004

Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination Of Gold On A Polyvinylferrocene Coated Glassy Carbon Electrode, Muammer Kavanoz, Handan Gülce, Atti̇la Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The anodic stripping voltammetric determination of gold was accomplished on a chemically modified glassy carbon electrode in a solution containing chloride ions. A modifying polymer, polyvinylferrocene, was coated by immersing the glassy carbon surface in its solution in methylene chloride followed by solvent evaporation. Tetrahalo complexes of gold, tetrachloroaurate(III) and tetrabromoaurate(III) ions, were found to be reduced to metallic gold by chemical reduction during immersion of the polymer coated electrode into the solution containing aurate(III) ions. This reaction was utilized as means of preconcentration without the need for cathodic electrolysis prior to the anodic stripping of metallic gold. The effects …

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Determination Of Selenium(Iv) Using O-Phenylenediamine By Differential Pulse Polarography/Interference Of Metal Ions, Recai̇ İnam, Çi̇ğdem Toprak Jan 2004

Determination Of Selenium(Iv) Using O-Phenylenediamine By Differential Pulse Polarography/Interference Of Metal Ions, Recai̇ İnam, Çi̇ğdem Toprak

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A new sensitive and selective pulse polarographic method for the determination of Se(IV) next to interfering ions is described. This method is based on the highly sensitive peak formed by the reaction of Se(IV) with o-phenylenediamine in Britton-Robinson buffer solution (pH 2.5) at --0.08 V vs. SCE. The new peak due to the Se(IV)/o-PDA complex not only prevents the interference of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Sn(II) for selenium, but also increases its sensitivity. A linear calibration graph is obtained for Se(IV) at a concentration of 5.0 x 10^{-8} to 6.8 x 10^{-5} M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9988. The proposed …

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A Rapid Spectrophotometric Method To Resolve A Binary Mixture Of Food Colorants (Riboflavine And Sunset Yellow), Mahmure Üstün Özgür Jan 2004

A Rapid Spectrophotometric Method To Resolve A Binary Mixture Of Food Colorants (Riboflavine And Sunset Yellow), Mahmure Üstün Özgür

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A very simple and rapid spectrophotometric method using measurements at zero-crossing wavelength is described for resolving binary mixtures of riboflavine (E-101) and sunset yellow (E-110) in a powder drink. The assay procedure for E-110 and E-101 involves the extraction of the colorants from the powder drink with pH 4.5 acetate buffer, filtration, appropriate dilution, and measurement of the first derivative absorbance values (denoted as ^1D). Calibration graphs are linear up to 25.0 \mu g.mL^{-1} for E-101 and 40.0 \mu g.mL^{-1} for E-110. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the method were determined by using the synthetic mixtures in different ratios prepared …

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A Sensitive Spectrophotometric Assay For Tinidazole And Metronidazole Using A Pd-C And Formic Acid Reduction System, Nandipura Dyavegowda Dinesh, Padmarajaiah Nagaraja, K. Subbegowda Rangappa Jan 2004

A Sensitive Spectrophotometric Assay For Tinidazole And Metronidazole Using A Pd-C And Formic Acid Reduction System, Nandipura Dyavegowda Dinesh, Padmarajaiah Nagaraja, K. Subbegowda Rangappa

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method for the determination of tinidazole (TZ) and metronidazole (MZ) in pure as well as in dosage form is described. The method is based on the reduction of the nitro group of drugs using a novel and versatile reduction system comprising 10% Pd-C and formic acid. The resulting amine was then subjected to a condensation reaction with sodium 1,2-naphthaquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) to form red Schiff base with an absorption maximum at 510 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges 2.0 to 45.0 \mu g mL^{-1} and 1.5 to 37.0 \mu g mL^{-1} with …

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Facile Synthesis Of Hydantoin Derivatives Under Microwave Irradiation, Khalil Faghihi, Khosrow Zamani, Akbar Mobinikhaledi Jan 2004

Facile Synthesis Of Hydantoin Derivatives Under Microwave Irradiation, Khalil Faghihi, Khosrow Zamani, Akbar Mobinikhaledi

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The rapid and highly efficient synthesis of hydantoin derivatives 3(a-f) was achieved under microwave irradiation by using a domestic microwave oven from the reactions of cyanohydrin derivatives 2(a-f) with ammonium carbonate. The reaction proceeded rapidly (2-5 min.), and as a result a series of hydantoin derivatives 3(a-f) were obtained in high yields. All of the synthesized compounds were fully characterized by their melting point, ^1H-NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. Cyanohydrin derivatives 2(a-f) were also prepared from the ketone derivatives 1(a-f) with potassium cyanide in the presence of sodium metabisulfite in an additional reaction.

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Electrocatalytic Determination Of Ascorbic Acid Using Glassy Carbon Modified With Nickel(Ii) Macrocycle Containing Dianionic Tetraazaannulene Ligand, Mozhgan Khorasai-Motlagh, Meissam Noroozifar Jan 2004

Electrocatalytic Determination Of Ascorbic Acid Using Glassy Carbon Modified With Nickel(Ii) Macrocycle Containing Dianionic Tetraazaannulene Ligand, Mozhgan Khorasai-Motlagh, Meissam Noroozifar

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A symmetric Ni(II) tetraaza macrocycle modified glassy electrode shows electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of L-ascorbic acid at pH 7. It was shown the peak potential shifted to the negative by 250 mV compared with that for the bare electrode in the cyclic voltammograms. The calibration curve was linear up to 5 mM with a detection limit of 2.5 \times 10^{-4} mM and RSD% better than 2.8%. Excipients used as additives in pharmaceutical formulations and foods did not interfere in the proposed procedure. This new modified electrode was applied to commercial pharmaceutical tablets, injections and foods. The obtained results were …

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Anionic Polymerization Of Methyl Methacrylate As Promoted By A N-Butyl Lithium-Pyridazine-Polyether Alkoxide Based Complex Initiator System, Z. Tim Hamaudi, Ni̇han Nugay, Turgut Nugay Jan 2004

Anionic Polymerization Of Methyl Methacrylate As Promoted By A N-Butyl Lithium-Pyridazine-Polyether Alkoxide Based Complex Initiator System, Z. Tim Hamaudi, Ni̇han Nugay, Turgut Nugay

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Polymerization of methyl methacrylate was conducted using a n-butyl lithium/pyridazine system as initiator in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and toluene. Special attention was focused on using some lithium polyether alkoxides as polymerization is promoted at ambient temperatures. The positive effects of these \mu /\sigma -type ligands such as lithium 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxide and lithium 2-(methoxy)ethoxide on controlling the living character, molecular weight, stereoregularity and yield of the produced polymers were all demonstrated. It was found that initiator/lithium-2-(methoxy)ethoxide in a 1/10 ratio gives the most controlled polymerization. All products were then characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (^1H NMR) and differential …

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An Efficient Synthesis Of Substituted 4-Aryl-3-Cyano-2-Amino Thiophenes By A Stepwise Gewald Reaction, Ferhan Tümer, Duygu Eki̇nci̇, Kani̇ Zi̇lbeyaz, Ümi̇t Demi̇r Jan 2004

An Efficient Synthesis Of Substituted 4-Aryl-3-Cyano-2-Amino Thiophenes By A Stepwise Gewald Reaction, Ferhan Tümer, Duygu Eki̇nci̇, Kani̇ Zi̇lbeyaz, Ümi̇t Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The title compounds were efficiently synthesised starting from aryl methyl ketones in 3 steps. Knoevenagel condensation of aryl methyl ketones with malononitrile gave the corresponding crotonitriles (5a-f). Methyl groups of the crotonitriles (5a-f) were then efficiently brominated by refluxing and lightening the reaction media to give bromocrotonitriles (6a-f). The bromocrotonitriles (6a-f) were finally cyclised by treatment with NaSH to give the title compounds.

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Photophysical Properties And Electrochemistry Of The N,N'-Bis-N-Butyl Derivative Of Naphthalene Diimide, Yevgen Posokhov, Serap Alp, Banu Köz, Yusuf Di̇lgi̇n, Siddik İçli̇ Jan 2004

Photophysical Properties And Electrochemistry Of The N,N'-Bis-N-Butyl Derivative Of Naphthalene Diimide, Yevgen Posokhov, Serap Alp, Banu Köz, Yusuf Di̇lgi̇n, Siddik İçli̇

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The spectral-luminescent properties and electrochemistry of the N,N'-bis-n-butyl derivative of naphthalene diimide were studied. The main photophysical parameters (quantum yield, rate constants of fluorescence and of non-radiative deactivation and fluorescence lifetime) were determined. The LUMO value (-3.51 eV) was determined by cyclic voltammetry. The N,N'-bis-n-butyl derivative of naphthalene diimide (BBND) shows 2 reversible reduction steps (-1.19 V and -1.75 V vs. Ferrocene) in chloroform. Quenching the fluorescence emissions of aromatic donor molecules in acetonitrile revealed the electron acceptor ability of the studied naphthalene diimide derivative. It has been found that, in contrast to perylene diimide derivatives, which form \pi-electron donor-acceptor …

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Naphthoquinones From The Roots Of Onosma Argentatum Hub.-Mor. (Boraginaceae), Ufuk Özgen, Maksut Coşkun, Cavi̇t Kazaz, Hasan Seçen Jan 2004

Naphthoquinones From The Roots Of Onosma Argentatum Hub.-Mor. (Boraginaceae), Ufuk Özgen, Maksut Coşkun, Cavi̇t Kazaz, Hasan Seçen

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Onosma argentatum Hub.-Mor. is an endemic species growing in Turkey. In this study, the roots of O. argentatum were extracted with n-hexane-dichloromethane (1:1). The extract was separated on a silica gel column eluting with n-hexane-ethyl acetate by gradient elution. New naphthoquinone compounds (3 known and 1 new) were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods as deoxyshikonin, acetyl shikonin, 3-hydroxy-isovaleryl shikonin, and 5,8-O-dimethyl acetyl shikonin.

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Phenolic Compounds From Globularia Cordifolia, Hasan Kirmizibekmez, İhsan Çaliş, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza Jan 2004

Phenolic Compounds From Globularia Cordifolia, Hasan Kirmizibekmez, İhsan Çaliş, Sonia Piacente, Cosimo Pizza

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

From the methanolic extract of the underground parts of Globularia cordifolia, a new neolignan diglycoside, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-\beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1 \to 2)-\beta -D-glucopyranoside (1) was isolated along with a known neolignan glycoside, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-\beta -D-glucopyranoside (2). In addition, 2 flavone glycosides, chrysoeriol 7-O-\beta -D-allopyranosyl-(1 \to 2)-\beta -D-glucopyranoside (3), stachyspinoside (4) and 5 phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (5), isoverbascoside (6), leucosceptoside A (7), martynoside (8) and rossicaside A (9) were obtained and characterized. The structures of the isolates were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with IR, UV and MS analysis.

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Photoinitiated Crosslinking And Grafting Of Methylmethacrylate Using N,N-Dimethyl Amino Functional Polystyrene Block Copolymers, Ali̇ Ekrem Müftüoğlu, Yusuf Yağci, Kazunori Se Jan 2004

Photoinitiated Crosslinking And Grafting Of Methylmethacrylate Using N,N-Dimethyl Amino Functional Polystyrene Block Copolymers, Ali̇ Ekrem Müftüoğlu, Yusuf Yağci, Kazunori Se

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Monodisperse poly(N,N-dimethyl-4-vinylphenethylamine)-block-polystyrene was synthesized via anionic living polymerization carried out at -78 °C under a pressure of 10^{-6} torr using cumyl potassium as the initiator. Subsequent photoinduced radical polymerization of styrene through side chain-functional N,N-dimethyl amino groups yielded a crosslinked polymer and a brush type block-graft copolymer to a lesser extent. Upon irradiation at a wavelength of 350 nm, macroradicals were generated via hydrogen abstraction from amino side-chain groups by the excited benzophenone. The block-graft copolymer was characterized by ^1H-NMR, IR, and GPC analysis.

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Thermally Induced Cationic Polymerization Of 2-Ethyl-2-Oxazoline By Benzyl Pyridinium And Anilinium Salts, Hali̇l Ki̇rli̇bal, Yusuf Yağci Jan 2004

Thermally Induced Cationic Polymerization Of 2-Ethyl-2-Oxazoline By Benzyl Pyridinium And Anilinium Salts, Hali̇l Ki̇rli̇bal, Yusuf Yağci

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

N-Benzyl pyridinium (BP), N-benzyl o-cyano pyridinium (BoCP), N-benzyl p-cyanopyridinium (BpCP), N-benzyl N, N-dimethyl anilinium (BDA) and benzyl triphenyl phosphonium (BTP) salts with bromide counter anion, thermal initiators for cationic polymerization, were synthesized and characterized. Their capability to act as initiators for the polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline (EOZO) was examined. The postulated mechanism is based on the generation of benzyl bromide by the thermolysis of either BoCP or BDA that reacts with the monomer, EOZO. The polymerization proceeds via an oxazolonium bromide as the propagating end. BP, BoCP and BTP were found to be unreactive towards EOZO.

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Genetic Multivariate Calibration Methods For Near Infrared (Nir) Spectroscopic Determination Of Complex Mixtures, Durmuş Özdemi̇r, Betül Öztürk Jan 2004

Genetic Multivariate Calibration Methods For Near Infrared (Nir) Spectroscopic Determination Of Complex Mixtures, Durmuş Özdemi̇r, Betül Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The simultaneous determination of ternary mixtures of methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, and methanol using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and 4 different genetic algorithms based multivariate calibration methods was demonstrated. The 4 genetic multivariate calibration methods are genetic partial least squares (GPLS), genetic regression (GR), genetic classical least squares (GCLS) and genetic inverse least squares (GILS). The sample data set contains the NIR spectra of 63 ternary mixtures and covers the range from 900 to 2000 nm in 2 nm intervals. Of these 63 spectra, 42 were used as the calibration set, and 21 were reserved for the prediction purposes. Several …

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Stereoselective Photochemistry Of Methoxy Chalcones In Solution And Their Radical Scavenging Activity, Nuretti̇n Yayli, Osman Üçüncü, Ahmet Yaşar, Yaşar Gök, Murat Küçük, Sevgi̇ Kolayli Jan 2004

Stereoselective Photochemistry Of Methoxy Chalcones In Solution And Their Radical Scavenging Activity, Nuretti̇n Yayli, Osman Üçüncü, Ahmet Yaşar, Yaşar Gök, Murat Küçük, Sevgi̇ Kolayli

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The photochemical dimerization of 3 known methoxy derivatives of chalcones, (2E)-1-(2-methoxy)phenyl-3-phenylpropen-1-one (1), (2E)-1-(3-methoxy)phenyl-3-phenyl-propen-1-one (2), and (2E)-1-(4-methoxy) phenyl-3-phenylpropen-1-one (3), yielded 3 new \delta -truxinic type dimers in solution: rel-(1\beta ,2\alpha)- di-(2-methoxy)-benzoyl-rel-(3\beta ,4\alpha )-diphenylcyclobutane (4), rel-(1\beta ,2\alpha )-di-(3-methoxy)benzoyl-rel-(3\beta, 4\alpha )-diphenylcyclobutane (5), and rel-(1\beta ,2\alpha)- di-(4-methoxy)benzoyl-rel-(3\beta ,4\alpha )-diphenylcyclobutane (6), stereoselectively. Precursor chalcones showed high superoxide radical scavenging activity although the dimers were inactive.

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Electrochemical Detection Of Specific Dna Sequences From Pcr Amplicons On Carbon And Mercury Electrodes Using Meldola's Blue As An Intercalator, Kagan Kerman, Di̇lşat Özkan, Pinar Kara, Hakan Karadeni̇z, Zeynep Özkan, Arzum Erdem, Frantisek Jelen, Mehmet Özsöz Jan 2004

Electrochemical Detection Of Specific Dna Sequences From Pcr Amplicons On Carbon And Mercury Electrodes Using Meldola's Blue As An Intercalator, Kagan Kerman, Di̇lşat Özkan, Pinar Kara, Hakan Karadeni̇z, Zeynep Özkan, Arzum Erdem, Frantisek Jelen, Mehmet Özsöz

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The electrochemical parameters for 7--dimethyl--amino--1,2-- benzophenoxazinium Meldola's Blue, (MDB) on binding to DNA at both a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and carbon paste electrode (CPE) are described. MDB, which interacts with immobilized calf thymus DNA, was detected using double stranded DNA modified HMDE or CPE (dsDNA modified HMDE or CPE), bare HMDE or CPE and single stranded DNA modified HMDE or CPE (ssDNA modified HMDE or CPE) in combination with adsorptive transfer stripping voltammetry (AdTSV) techniques and decreased peak currents were observed. The discrimination of dsDNA and ssDNA and detection of hybridization between synthetic oligonucleotides were determined from changes …

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Defect Structure And Properties Of Sr-Doped La Cr O_{3-\Delta}, Mahmoud Omari, Ilhem Chadli, Salah Belaidi Jan 2004

Defect Structure And Properties Of Sr-Doped La Cr O_{3-\Delta}, Mahmoud Omari, Ilhem Chadli, Salah Belaidi

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A defect chemical model for the behavior of acceptor-doped LaCrO_3 as a function of oxygen pressure is proposed. This is considered within the regime that corresponds to oxygen deficit oxygen. The mathematical approach allows us to calculate the oxygen partial pressure dependant properties of La_{1-x} Sr_x Cr O_{3-\delta} in the range 0.10 \le x \le 0.30. The results show that the conductivity was independent of pO_2 and was proportional to the dopant concentration at high pO_2. Therefore, under reducing conditions, the conductivity decreased exponentially with decreasing pO_2 and asymptotically approached a pO_2^{1/4} relationship. Stability regimes and compensation mechanisms at various …

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Purification And Characterization Of Pear (Pyrus Communis) Polyphenol Oxidase, Emi̇ne Zi̇yan, Şule Pekyardimci Jan 2004

Purification And Characterization Of Pear (Pyrus Communis) Polyphenol Oxidase, Emi̇ne Zi̇yan, Şule Pekyardimci

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Three isoenzymes of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were isolated from a local pear variety (Ankara Armutu) through ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and gel filtration. The sample obtained from dialysis after ammonium sulfate precipitation was used for characterization of the partially purified enzyme. Optimum pH values of PPO were 8.2 for pyrogallol, 7.2 for 4-methylcatechol, 7.0 for catechol, 5.6 for D-tyrosine, 5.0 for p-cresol and 4.8 for L-dopa. The optimum temperature of PPO was 35 °C with 4-methylcatechol. Catechol was oxidized more rapidly than the other substrates; however, 4-methylcatechol, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were also good substrates. The effect of 6 …

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Synthesis Of Novel 4-Alkylidene- And 4-Alkylamino-5-Oxo-4,5-Dihydro-[1,2,4] Triazole Derivatives And Investigation Of Their Antitumor Activities, Nesli̇han Demi̇rbaş, Reyhan Uğurluoğlu Jan 2004

Synthesis Of Novel 4-Alkylidene- And 4-Alkylamino-5-Oxo-4,5-Dihydro-[1,2,4] Triazole Derivatives And Investigation Of Their Antitumor Activities, Nesli̇han Demi̇rbaş, Reyhan Uğurluoğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A series of novel 3-alkyl-4-cyclohexylmethylenamino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazoles (6a-e) and 3-alkyl-4-hexylidenamino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazoles (7b-e) were synthesized from the reaction of corresponding 3-alkyl-4-amino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazoles (1) with cyclohexancarboxaldehyde and capronaldehyde. The acetylation of compounds 6e and 7b resulted in the formation of 1-acetyl-4- cyclohexylmethylenamino-5-oxo-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazole (10) and 3-benzyl-4-hexylidenamino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazole (11). 3-Alkyl-4-cyclohexylmethylamino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazoles (8a-e) and 3-alkyl-4-hexylamino-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazoles (9b-e) were obtained from the selective reduction of compounds 6a-e and 7b-e with NaBH_4. The in vitro antitumor activity of some selected compounds was screened by the National Cancer Institute (USA) against several human tumor cell lines, and compounds 8c, 9d and 11c were found to be active.

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Rapid Complexometric Determination Of Mercury(Ii) Using Glutathione As A Selective Demasking Reagent, Prakash Shetty, A. Nithyananda Shetty Jan 2004

Rapid Complexometric Determination Of Mercury(Ii) Using Glutathione As A Selective Demasking Reagent, Prakash Shetty, A. Nithyananda Shetty

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A simple, rapid and selective complexometric method is proposed for the determination of mercury(II) in the presence of associated metal ions. Mercury(II) is first complexed with an excess of EDTA and the surplus EDTA is titrated against standard zinc sulphate solution at pH 5-6 using xylenol orange indicator. Glutathione is then added to displace EDTA from the Hg-EDTA complex quantitatively and the EDTA released is back titrated against a standard zinc sulphate solution as before. The method works well in the range 4 to 80 mg of mercury with a relative error of less than 0.30% and a coefficient of …

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