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2004

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Articles 4201 - 4230 of 4447

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Demographics Of Western South Dakota Wetlands And Basins, Bryan A. Rieger Jan 2004

Demographics Of Western South Dakota Wetlands And Basins, Bryan A. Rieger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wetlands, whether natural or man-made in origin, are an important feature of the semiarid landscape of western South Dakota. These wetlands have numerous social and economic values and functions for both landowners and non-owners, as well as for fish and wildlife species. For this reason, accurate information about wetland abundance, characteristics and distribution is important. These demographic summaries of wetland resources of western South Dakota were based on digital wetland data, as delineated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) office. Surface water covers approximately 257,006 ha or about 2.4% of the 10,810,700 ha of western …

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The Quaternions With An Application To Rigid Body Dynamics, Evangelos A. Coutsias, Louis Romero Jan 2004

The Quaternions With An Application To Rigid Body Dynamics, Evangelos A. Coutsias, Louis Romero

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

William Rowan Hamilton invented the quaternions in 1843, in his effort to construct hypercomplex numbers, or higher dimensional generalizations of the complex numbers. Failing to construct a generalization in three dimensions (involving triplets) in such a way that division would be possible, he considered systems with four complex units and arrived at the quaternions. He realized that, just as multiplication by i is a rotation by 90o in the complex plane, each one of his complex units could also be associated with a rotation in space. Vectors were introduced by Hamilton for the first time as pure quaternions and Vector …

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Basic Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Application To Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Models, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy Jan 2004

Basic Neutrosophic Algebraic Structures And Their Application To Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Models, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Study of neutrosophic algebraic structures is very recent. The introduction of neutrosophic theory has put forth a significant concept by giving representation to indeterminates. Uncertainty or indeterminacy happen to be one of the major factors in almost all real-world problems. When uncertainty is modeled we use fuzzy theory and when indeterminacy is involved we use neutrosophic theory. Most of the fuzzy models which deal with the analysis and study of unsupervised data make use of the directed graphs or bipartite graphs. Thus the use of graphs has become inevitable in fuzzy models. The neutrosophic models are fuzzy models that permit …

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Reconstructability Analysis With Fourier Transforms, Martin Zwick Jan 2004

Reconstructability Analysis With Fourier Transforms, Martin Zwick

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Fourier methods used in two‐ and three‐dimensional image reconstruction can be used also in reconstructability analysis (RA). These methods maximize a variance‐type measure instead of information‐theoretic uncertainty, but the two measures are roughly collinear and the Fourier approach yields results close to that of standard RA. The Fourier method, however, does not require iterative calculations for models with loops. Moreover, the error in Fourier RA models can be assessed without actually generating the full probability distributions of the models; calculations scale with the size of the data rather than the state space. State‐based modeling using the Fourier approach is also …

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A Software Architecture For Reconstructability Analysis, Kenneth Willett, Martin Zwick Jan 2004

A Software Architecture For Reconstructability Analysis, Kenneth Willett, Martin Zwick

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Software packages for reconstructability analysis (RA), as well as for related log linear modeling, generally provide a fixed set of functions. Such packages are suitable for end‐users applying RA in various domains, but do not provide a platform for research into the RA methods themselves. A new software system, Occam3, is being developed which is intended to address three goals which often conflict with one another to provide: a general and flexible infrastructure for experimentation with RA methods and algorithms; an easily‐configured system allowing methods to be combined in novel ways, without requiring deep software expertise; and a system which …

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Modified Reconstructability Analysis For Many-Valued Functions And Relations, Anas Al-Rabadi, Martin Zwick Jan 2004

Modified Reconstructability Analysis For Many-Valued Functions And Relations, Anas Al-Rabadi, Martin Zwick

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A novel many-valued decomposition within the framework of lossless Reconstructability Analysis is presented. In previous work, Modified Recontructability Analysis (MRA) was applied to Boolean functions, where it was shown that most Boolean functions not decomposable using conventional Reconstructability Analysis (CRA) are decomposable using MRA. Also, it was previously shown that whenever decomposition exists in both MRA and CRA, MRA yields simpler or equal complexity decompositions. In this paper, MRA is extended to many-valued logic functions, and logic structures that correspond to such decomposition are developed. It is shown that many-valued MRA can decompose many-valued functions when CRA fails to do …

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State-Based Reconstructability Analysis, Martin Zwick, Michael S. Johnson Jan 2004

State-Based Reconstructability Analysis, Martin Zwick, Michael S. Johnson

Systems Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reconstructability analysis (RA) is a method for detecting and analyzing the structure of multivariate categorical data. While Jones and his colleagues extended the original variable‐based formulation of RA to encompass models defined in terms of system states, their focus was the analysis and approximation of real‐valued functions. In this paper, we separate two ideas that Jones had merged together: the “g to k” transformation and state‐based modeling. We relate the idea of state‐based modeling to established variable‐based RA concepts and methods, including structure lattices, search strategies, metrics of model quality, and the statistical evaluation of model fit for analyses based …

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Fuzzy Relational Maps And Neutrosophic Relational Maps, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy Jan 2004

Fuzzy Relational Maps And Neutrosophic Relational Maps, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The aim of this book is two fold. At the outset the book gives most of the available literature about Fuzzy Relational Equations (FREs) and its properties for there is no book that solely caters to FREs and its applications. Though we have a comprehensive bibliography, we do not promise to give all the possible available literature about FRE and its applications. We have given only those papers which we could access and which interested us specially. We have taken those papers which in our opinion could be transformed for neutrosophic study. The second importance of this book is that …

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Control Of Integrable Hamiltonian Systems And Degenerate Bifurcations, Christopher W. Kulp Jan 2004

Control Of Integrable Hamiltonian Systems And Degenerate Bifurcations, Christopher W. Kulp

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In this dissertation, we study the control of near-integrable systems. A near-integrable system is one whose phase space has a similar structure to an integrable system during short time periods and for some parameter regime. We begin by studying the control of integrable Hamiltonian systems. The controller targets an exact solution to the integrable system using dissipative and conservative terms. We find that a Takens-Bogdanov bifurcation occurs in the limit of no dissipative control. The presence of a Takens-Bogdanov bifurcation implies that the control is highly susceptible to noise. We illustrate our results using a two- and four-dimensional integrable systems …

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Characterization Of Transient Behaviors In A Colliding Pulse Mode-Locked (Cpm) Laser, Wei Yang Jan 2004

Characterization Of Transient Behaviors In A Colliding Pulse Mode-Locked (Cpm) Laser, Wei Yang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A colliding pulse mode-locked (CPM) laser achieves sub-picosecond operation by synchronizing two counter-propagating pulse trains to form a standing wave in a thin absorber jet. When properly aligned, these lasers maintain mode-locking for more than 100 seconds (1010 pulses), but eventually cease mode-locking for short periods of time. This thesis examines the characteristics of these transient events, when CPM mode-locking ceases (dropout) and when it resumes (dropin). The dropout is an apparently rapid event, typically lasting no longer than 5 microseconds or less than 500 pulses. The dropin takes significantly longer time, often has structure, and has a clear power …

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Dual Energy Scanning Beam X -Radiography, Randolph Frank Wojcik Jan 2004

Dual Energy Scanning Beam X -Radiography, Randolph Frank Wojcik

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Dual energy X-radiography is a method first developed in the mid-1970's by which one uses the information contained in the energy spectrum of the transmitted X-ray flux through an object. With this information one can distinguish the types of materials present in a radiograph and thus allow a computer to subtract them from the image enhancing the contrast of the remaining materials. Using this method, one can see details, which would have been hidden by overlying structures of other materials such as seen in radiographs of parts, made up of mixtures of metals and composites. There is also great interest …

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Bird Conservation Value Of Golf Courses, Joshua Elliott Leclerc Jan 2004

Bird Conservation Value Of Golf Courses, Joshua Elliott Leclerc

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Microelectrophoresis System Utilizing Conductivity Detection Analyzing Biological Molecues, Michelle Galloway Jan 2004

Microelectrophoresis System Utilizing Conductivity Detection Analyzing Biological Molecues, Michelle Galloway

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Microfabrication technology has proven to be a valuable tool for creating polymer-based devices utilized in chemical and biochemical assays. Although, reducing the size of the device allows for short analysis times and reduces the reagent demand to ultrasmall volumes (< 1 nanoliter), a resulting consequence is the constraint placed on the limits of detection associated with the detector hardware required for readout. To overcome such constraints, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is often employed as a detection method as it provides low detection limits, which approach the single molecule level. Unfortunately, most LIF systems do not offer the benefits of miniaturization, with the detector components (i.e. laser, optics, filters) often times requiring a much larger footprint compared to the device. Another readout strategy that has shown promise for these devices is conductivity detection. Detection can be accomplished using either conventional-size or microfabricated electrodes, which can be integrated on the device. Although conductivity has been commonly used to detect inorganic or small organic species, the potential for detection of biological species has received little attention. In this work, an integrated conductivity detector was developed for the analysis of amino acids, peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides (double-stranded DNA). Using the detector, mass detection sensitivities in the range of 10-18 - 10-21 moles were achieved. To increase the throughput of the system a state-of-the-art, multichannel device with a conductivity array detector was devised. This device, which consists of a 16-channel fluidic network and a printed circuit board, is geared toward automating three-processing steps onto a single fluidic platform including purification, preconcentration and detection for downstream parallel processing.

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Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometer With A Photopolymer Holographyc Grating, Emilia Mihaylova, Izabela Naydenova, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal Jan 2004

Electronic Speckle Pattern Shearing Interferometer With A Photopolymer Holographyc Grating, Emilia Mihaylova, Izabela Naydenova, Suzanne Martin, Vincent Toal

Articles

A photopolymer holographic grating is used to produce the two sheared images in an electronic speckle pattern shearing interferometer. A ground glass screen following the grating serves the purpose of eliminating unwanted diffraction orders and to remove the requirement for the CCD camera to resolve the diffraction grating’s pitch. The sheared images on the ground glass are further imaged onto the CCD camera. The fringe pattern contrast was estimated to be above 90%. A validation of the system was done by comparing the theoretical phase difference distribution with the experimental data from the three point bending test.

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Comparison Studies Of The Mechanistic Formation Of Polyhalogentaed Dibenzo-P-Dioxins And Furans From The Thermal Degradation Of 2-Bromophenol And 2-Chlorophenol, Catherine Spearing Evans Jan 2004

Comparison Studies Of The Mechanistic Formation Of Polyhalogentaed Dibenzo-P-Dioxins And Furans From The Thermal Degradation Of 2-Bromophenol And 2-Chlorophenol, Catherine Spearing Evans

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PBDD/Fs) from hazardous waste incinerators, and many other sources for combustion have been considered environmentally hazardous and a major health threat. Recently, a growing number of materials containing brominated hydrocarbons, commonly used flame retardants, have been disposed in municipal and hazardous waste incinerators. This results in the increased potential for formation of PBDD/Fs and other hazardous combustion by-products. In contrast to chlorinated hydrocarbons, the reactions of brominated hydrocarbons have been studied only minimally. In fact, studies have shown that brominated phenols form higher yields of PBDD/Fs than the …

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A Study Of The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: (1) Dermo Tolerance, Survival, Growth, Condition And Hsp70 Expression In Different Geographic Stocks; (2) Heat Tolerance And Effects Of Sublethal Heat Shock On Survival And Hsp70 Expression Of Infected And Uninfected Oysters, Vincent G. Encomio Jan 2004

A Study Of The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica: (1) Dermo Tolerance, Survival, Growth, Condition And Hsp70 Expression In Different Geographic Stocks; (2) Heat Tolerance And Effects Of Sublethal Heat Shock On Survival And Hsp70 Expression Of Infected And Uninfected Oysters, Vincent G. Encomio

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The diseases Dermo and MSX have devastated Chesapeake Bay populations of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. The protozoan Perkinsus marinus, which causes Dermo, is particularly problematic since it persists over a wide range of salinities and temperatures. An objective of this dissertation was to determine whether specific wild oyster stocks had developed natural resistance to Dermo and if several parameters (survival, growth, condition and energy reserves) were associated with resistance. Another objective was to characterize heat shock protein (hsp70) expression in the eastern oyster. Heat shock proteins such as hsp70 protect organisms from thermal stress and other stressors, and this …

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Natural Dermo Resistance And Related Defense Mechanisms In Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, With Implications For Restoration, Shawn Michael Stickler Jan 2004

Natural Dermo Resistance And Related Defense Mechanisms In Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, With Implications For Restoration, Shawn Michael Stickler

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

American oyster (Crassostrea virginica) stocks on the East Coast in general, and in Chesapeake Bay in particular, have been in decline over the past half-century in large part due to Dermo disease, caused by the protist parasite Perkinsus marinus. Efforts to restore oysters for their ecological and economic value have centered on the development and use of hatchery-based seed selectively bred for disease resistance. Selective breeding could benefit from the incorporation of oysters from wild stocks that have developed "natural Dermo resistance", but few such stocks have been identified and verified. This dissertation describes reciprocal common-garden experiments carried out at …

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Vegetation Dynamics Of A Tidal Freshwater Marsh: Long-Term And Inter-Annual Variability And Their Relationship To Salinity, Sarah B. Davies Jan 2004

Vegetation Dynamics Of A Tidal Freshwater Marsh: Long-Term And Inter-Annual Variability And Their Relationship To Salinity, Sarah B. Davies

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Reproductive Biology Of American Shad, Alosa Sapidissima, In The Mattaponi River, Aaron Reid Hyle Jan 2004

Reproductive Biology Of American Shad, Alosa Sapidissima, In The Mattaponi River, Aaron Reid Hyle

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Class Groups And Norms Of Units, Costel Ionita Jan 2004

Class Groups And Norms Of Units, Costel Ionita

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Our object of study is relative quadratic extensions of algebraic number fields. In 'Class Number Parity', the authors P.E. Conner and J. Hurrelbrink study in detail the cases of real and CM-extensions. In this paper we generalize some of the results without any assumption on the type of the relative quadratic extension.

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Orbit Structure On The Silov Boundary Of A Tube Domain And The Plancherel Decomposition Of A Causally Compact Symmetric Space, With Emphasis On The Rank One Case, Troels Roussau Johansen Jan 2004

Orbit Structure On The Silov Boundary Of A Tube Domain And The Plancherel Decomposition Of A Causally Compact Symmetric Space, With Emphasis On The Rank One Case, Troels Roussau Johansen

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

We construct a G-equivariant causal embedding of a compactly causal symmetric space G/H as an open dense subset of the Silov boundary S of the unbounded realization of a certain Hermitian symmetric space G1/K1 of tube type. Then S is an Euclidean space that is open and dense in the flag manifold G1/P', where P' denotes a certain parabolic subgroup of G1. The regular representation of G on L2(G/H) is thus realized on L2(S), and we use abelian harmonic analysis in the study thereof. In particular, …

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Hitchcock County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll Jan 2004

Hitchcock County Test Hole Logs, Duane A. Eversoll

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Influence Of Varying Intensities Of Natural Area On-Site Interpretation On Attitudes And Knowledge, Michael Hughes Jan 2004

Influence Of Varying Intensities Of Natural Area On-Site Interpretation On Attitudes And Knowledge, Michael Hughes

Theses

Using interpretation as a means of influencing attitudes and knowledge is a core component of natural area management practice. However, this aspect of on-site interpretation is rarely assessed when evaluating natural area management success. This thesis examined the immediate influence of different intensities of on-site interpretation on attitudes and knowledge of visitors to natural areas. Measuring the immediate (short term) influence of a site experience enables clearer links to be made between survey responses and interpretation used at a specific site, something long term surveys are less able to achieve. Two sites from Western Australia (the Tree Top Walk and …

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Java-Based Digital Library Portal For Geography Education, Zehua Liu, Hai Yuan, Ee Peng Lim, Ming Yin, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng, Wee-Keong Ng Jan 2004

Java-Based Digital Library Portal For Geography Education, Zehua Liu, Hai Yuan, Ee Peng Lim, Ming Yin, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng, Wee-Keong Ng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

G-Portal is a Java-based digital library system for managing the metadata of geography related resources on the Web. In addition to providing a flexible repository subsystem to accommodate metadata of different formats using XML and XML Schemas, G-Portal organizes metadata into projects and layers, and supports an integrated and synchronized classification and map-based interfaces over the stored metadata. G-Portal also includes a classification subsystem that creates category structures and classifies metadata resources into categories based on user-specified classification schemas. Furthermore, G-Portal users can annotate resources and make their annotations available to others. In this paper, we describe the design and …

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Web Usage Mining: Algorithms And Results, Ee Peng Lim, Yew-Kwong Woon, Wee-Keong Ng Jan 2004

Web Usage Mining: Algorithms And Results, Ee Peng Lim, Yew-Kwong Woon, Wee-Keong Ng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Environmentally Relevant Doses Of Perchlorate (Clo4-) On Rana Pipiens Metamorphosis And Development, Andrea N. Golli Jan 2004

The Effects Of Environmentally Relevant Doses Of Perchlorate (Clo4-) On Rana Pipiens Metamorphosis And Development, Andrea N. Golli

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of perchlorate on the development and growth of Rana pipiens. Ammonium perchlorate is a rocket fuel oxidizer that is known to interfere with the function of the thyroid gland and some of the highest United States surface water concentration exists in the Las Vegas Wash, NV. Perchlorate not only blocks the body’s ability to incorporate iodine into T3 and T4 hormones through the sodium iodine symporter system, but also depletes the thyroid glands’ internal stores of iodine. Many of the steps that regulate metamorphosis in amphibians …

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Baltimore County And The City Of Baltimore - Gis Data, Alayde Barbosa, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Dewing, Carl Hershner, Helen Rea, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss, Helen Woods Jan 2004

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Baltimore County And The City Of Baltimore - Gis Data, Alayde Barbosa, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Dewing, Carl Hershner, Helen Rea, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss, Helen Woods

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Caroline County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Dewing, Carl Hershner, Helen Rea, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss, Helen Woods Jan 2004

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Caroline County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Dewing, Carl Hershner, Helen Rea, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss, Helen Woods

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Worcester County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2004

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Worcester County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Inner Shelf Circulation In Coastal Virginia: A Data Assimilation Approach, Hector Hito Sepulveda Jan 2004

Inner Shelf Circulation In Coastal Virginia: A Data Assimilation Approach, Hector Hito Sepulveda

OES Theses and Dissertations

The primary objective of this dissertation is to describe the tidal and subtidal flow patterns over the inner shelf of the Delmarva Peninsula, located in the Mid-Atlantic Bight of the United States (36.6–38.0 N), north of the Chesapeake Bay. The objective is pursued with a combination of direct measurements and numerical assimilative techniques. The dynamic balance of the study area is little known, and the distribution of tidal properties has not been described for this area since very rough descriptions in the 1950's. Hydrographic and current velocity profiles from four regional cruises in the inner shelf were used to study …

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