Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The "Duty" To Be A Rational Shareholder, David A. Hoffman

David A Hoffman

How and when do courts determine that corporate disclosures are actionable under the federal securities laws? The applicable standard is materiality: would a (mythical) reasonable investor have considered a given disclosure important. As I establish through empirical and statistical testing of approximately 500 cases analyzing the materiality standard, judicial findings of immateriality are remarkably common, and have been stable over time. Materiality's scope results in the dismissal of a large number of claims, and creates a set of cases in which courts attempt to explain and defend their vision of who is, and is not, a reasonable investor. Thus, materiality …

New Oscillating Reaction – Phenylacetylene Oxidative Carbonylation To Anhydride Of Phenylmaleic Acid (In Russian), Sergey N. Gorodsky, Olga V. Kasatkina, Lev G. Bruk, Oleg N. Temkin

Sergey N. Gorodsky

No abstract provided.

Sea Surface Temperature Patterns On The West Florida Shelf Using Growing Hierarchical Self-Organizing Maps, Yonggang Liu, Robert H. Wesiberg, Ruoying He

Yonggang Liu

Neural network analyses based on the self-organizing map (SOM) and the growing hierarchical self-organizing map (GHSOM) are used to examine patterns of the sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the West Florida Shelf from time series of daily SST maps from 1998 to 2002. Four characteristic SST patterns are extracted in the first-layer GHSOM array: winter and summer season patterns, and two transitional patterns. Three of them are further expanded in the second layer, yielding more detailed structures in these seasons. The winter pattern is one of low SST, with isotherms aligned approximately along isobaths. The summer pattern is one …

Feral Pigs In Queensland - Distribution, Ecology And Impact

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) were introduced to Australia by early settlers. Subsequent accidental and deliberate releases resulted in the wild (feral) population establishing throughout Australia. Feral pigs damage crops, stock and property, spread weeds and transmit diseases such as Leptospirosis and Foot and Mouth. They also cause environmental damage, digging up large areas of native vegetation and spreading weeds.

Feral pigs are declared Class 2 pests under Land Protection (Pest and Stock Route Management) Act 2002. Declaration requires landholders to control declared pest on the land under their control. A local government may serve a notice …

Linking Ecology And Economics For Ecosystem Management, Stephen Farber, Robert Costanza, Daniel L. Childers, Jon Erickson, Katherine Gross, Morgan Grove, Charles S. Hopkinson, James Kahn, Stephanie Pincetl, Austin Troy, Paige Warren, Matthew Wilson

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

This article outlines an approach, based on ecosystem services, for assessing the trade-offs inherent in managing humans embedded in ecological systems. Evaluating these trade-offs requires an understanding of the biophysical magnitudes of the changes in ecosystem services that result from human actions, and of the impact of these changes on human welfare.We summarize the state of the art of ecosystem services?based management and the information needs for applying it. Three case studies of Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites?coastal, urban, and agricultural? illustrate the usefulness, information needs, quantification possibilities, and methods for this approach. One example of the application of …

Annealing Effects On The Crystallite Size And Dielectric Properties Of Ultrafine Ba1-Xsrxtio3 (0 < X < 1) Powders Synthesized Through An Oxalate-Complex Precursor, Gabriel Caruntu, Charles J. O'Connor

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Nanocrystalline Ba12xSrxTiO3 (0 , x , 1) nanopowders were prepared through the oxalate route and the influence of the thermal history on their dielectric properties was investigated. For pelletized samples obtained by decomposing the corresponding oxalate intermediates at 600 uC and then annealed at different temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000 uC the dielectric constant decreases upon increasing the strontium content of the samples. Similar behavior was observed with decreasing the temperature of the thermal treatment of the pellets, a trend which is presumably ascribed to a synergic effect of decreasing the porosity of the samples, the increase of the …

The N2k Consortium. Iii. Short-Period Planets Orbiting Hd 149143 And Hd 109749, Debra A. Fischer, Gregory Laughlin, Geoffrey W. Marcy, R. Paul Butler, Steve S. Vogt, John A. Johnson, Gregory W. Henry, Chris Mccarthy, Mark Ammons, Sarah Robinson, Jay Strader, Jeff A. Valenti, Peter R. Mccullough, David Charbonneau, Joshua Haislip, Heather Knutson, Daniel E. Reichart, Padric Mcgee, Berto Monard, Jason T. Wright, Shigeru Ida, Bun'ei Sato, Dante Minniti

Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications

We report the detection of two short-period planets discovered at Keck Observatory. HD 149143 is a metal-rich G0 IV star with a planet of M sin i = 1.33MJ and an orbital radius of 0.053 AU. The best-fit Keplerian model has an orbital period, P = 4.072 days, semivelocity amplitude, K = 149.6 m s-1, and eccentricity, e = 0.016 ± 0.01. The host star is chromospherically inactive and metal-rich, with [Fe/H] = 0.26. Based on the Teff and stellar luminosity, we derive a stellar radius of 1.49 R☉. Photometric observations of HD 149143 were carried out using the automated …

Robust Parameter Synthesis For Planar Higher Pair Mechanical Systems, Min-Ho Kyung, Elisha Sacks

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Observed Web Robot Behavior On Decaying Web Subsites, Joan A. Smith, Frank Mccown Ph.D., Michael L. Nelson

Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

We describe the observed crawling patterns of various search engines (including Google, Yahoo and MSN) as they traverse a series of web subsites whose contents decay at predetermined rates. We plot the progress of the crawlers through the subsites, and their behaviors regarding the various file types included in the web subsites. We chose decaying subsites because we were originally interested in tracking the implication of using search engine caches for digital preservation. However, some of the crawling behaviors themselves proved to be interesting and have implications on using a search engine as an interface to a digital library.

Periodic Prime Knots And Toplogically Transitive Flows On 3-Manifolds, William Basener, Michael C. Sullivan

Articles and Preprints

Suppose that φ is a nonsingular (fixed point free) C¹ flow on a smooth closed 3-dimensional manifold M with H₂(M)=0. Suppose that φ has a dense orbit. We show that there exists an open dense set N ⊆ M such that any knotted periodic orbit which intersects N is a nontrivial prime knot.

Secure Context-Sensitive Authorization, Kazuhiro Minami

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Pervasive computing leads to an increased integration between the real world and the computational world, and many applications in pervasive computing adapt to the user's context, such as the location of the user and relevant devices, the presence of other people, light or sound conditions, or available network bandwidth, to meet a user's continuously changing requirements without taking explicit input from the users. We consider a class of applications that wish to consider a user's context when deciding whether to authorize a user's access to important physical or information resources. Such a context-sensitive authorization scheme is necessary when a mobile …

Evaluation And Illustration Of A Free Software (Fs) Tool For Wireless Network Monitoring And Security, Victor A. Clincy, Krithi Sitaram Ajay

Faculty Articles

Wireless communication provides users many benefits such as portability, flexibility, reduced hardware need and lower installation costs. Wireless local area networks (WLANs) for example allow users the ability to carry their laptops from place to place without any physical wires and without losing network connectivity.However, some amount of security risk is always associated with wireless networks. The most significant security risk for wireless technology is the potential outsiders have in gaining access to the communications medium, the communications medium being the air waves. Though WLANs provide the users with the option of roaming, this convenience is facilitated by broadcasting packets …

The Last 2000 Years In Northern Yellowstone National Park Based On Multiproxy Data From Crevice Lake, Cathy Whitlock, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Brandi Bracht, Lora Stevens, Mitchell Power

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Pollen, charcoal, diatoms, stable-isotope, and geochemical records were analyzed in high-resolution in cores obtained from Crevice Lake, a varved-sediment lake in northern Yellowstone National Park. The objective was to reconstruct the vegetation, fire, and ecohydrologic history of the watershed for the period from AD 0-1917 and compare the results with the PDSI reconstructions of Cook et al. (2004). Pollen percentages and accumulation rates provide information on vegetation and flowering season conditions. Charcoal accumulation rates (CHAR) provide information on fire activity, including fire size or intensity and fire frequency. Diatoms disclose the nature of spring nutrient status, time of ice off, …

The Late Paleozoic Ice Age Revisited, Christopher R. Fielding, Tracy D. Frank, John L. Isbell

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The late Paleozoic Gondwanan ice age (LPGIA), which spans the late Carboniferous through early Permian, marks Earth's last complete transition into, and out of,'icehouse' conditions, and corresponds to peaks in the diversity and extent of paleotropical 'wet' forests [Gastaldo et al, 1996].Studying the LPGIA therefore has the potential to provide valuable information for understanding the Earth's transition out of the current Cenozoic ice age.

A recent two-day workshop brought together about 40 researchers from the various subdisciplines of the geosciences to (1) assess the current understanding of the timing, duration, and character of the LPGIA and how it influenced Earth's …

Structures And Relative Stability Of Medium-Sized Silicon Clusters. Iv. Motif Based Low-Lying Clusters Si21–Si30, Soohaeng Yoo, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

Structures and relative stability of four families of low-lying silicon clusters in the size range of Si_n(n=21–30) are studied, wherein two families of the clusters show prolate structures while the third one shows near-spherical structures. The prolate clusters in the first family can be assembled by connecting two small-sized magic clusters Si_n(n=6, 7, 9, or 10) via a fused-puckered-hexagonal-ring Si₉ unit (a fragment of bulk diamond silicon), while those in the second family can be constructed on the basis of a structural motif consisting of a puckered-hexagonal-ring Si₆ unit (also …

X-Ray Emission Cross Sections Following Charge Exchange By Multiply Charged Ions Of Astrophysical Interest, Sebastian Otranto, Ronald E. Olson, P. Beiersdorfer

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

State selective nl-electron capture cross sections are presented for highly charged ions with Z=6-10 colliding with atoms and molecules. The energy range investigated was from 1 eV/amu(v=0.006 a.u.)to 100 keV/amu(v=2.0 a.u.). The energy dependence of the l-level populations is investigated. The K shell x-ray emission cross sections are determined by using the calculated state-selective electron capture results as input and then applying hydrogenic branching and cascading values for the photon emission. A major shift in the line emission from being almost solely Lyman-alpha transitions at the highest collisions energies to strong high-n to 1s transitions at the lowest energies is …

Reducing The Gender Gap In The Physics Classroom, M. Lorenzo, Catherine Hirshfeld Crouch, E. Mazur

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

We investigate if the gender gap in conceptual understanding in an introductory university physics course can be reduced by using interactive engagement methods that promote in-class interaction, reduce competition, foster collaboration, and emphasize conceptual understanding. To this end we analyzed data from the introductory calculus-based physics course for non-majors at Harvard University taught traditionally or using different degrees of interactive engagement. Our results show that teaching with certain interactive strategies not only yields significantly increased understanding for both males and females, but also reduces the gender gap. In the most interactively taught courses, the pre-instruction gender gap was gone by …

The Linear Complexity Of A Graph, David L. Neel, Michael E. Orrison Jr.

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The linear complexity of a matrix is a measure of the number of additions, subtractions, and scalar multiplications required to multiply that matrix and an arbitrary vector. In this paper, we define the linear complexity of a graph to be the linear complexity of any one of its associated adjacency matrices. We then compute or give upper bounds for the linear complexity of several classes of graphs.

Implementing Cs1 With Embedded Instructional Research Design In Laboratories, Jeff Lang, Gwen C. Nugent, Ashok Samal, Leen-Kiat Soh

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Closed laboratories are becoming an increasingly popular approach to teaching introductory computer science courses. Unlike open laboratories that tend to be an informal environment provided for students to practice their skills with attendance optional, closed laboratories are structured meeting times that support the lecture component of the course, and attendance is required. This paper reports on an integrated approach to designing, implementing, and assessing laboratories with an embedded instructional research design. The activities reported here are parts of a department-wide effort not only to improve student learning in computer science and computer engineering (CE) but also to improve the agility …

Southern African Crustal Evolution And Composition: Constraints From Receiver Function Studies, Shaji K. Nair, Stephen S. Gao, Kelly H. Liu, Paul G. Silver

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Stacking of approximately 1500 radial receiver functions recorded at about 80 broadband seismic stations deployed in southern Africa reveals systematic spatial variations in the ratio of crustal P and S wave velocities (Φ), crustal thickness (H), and the amplitude of the converted Moho phases (R). The eastern Zimbabwe and the southern Kaapvaal cratons are characterized by small H (~38 km), small Φ (~1.73), and large R (~0.15) values, suggesting that the relatively undisturbed Archean crust beneath southern Africa is separated from the mantle by a sharp Moho and is felsic in composition. The Limpopo belt, which was created by a …

Journal Of Combinatorial Optimization: Editorial, Maggie Xiaoyan Cheng

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Ceft: A Cost-Effective, Fault-Tolerant Parallel Virtual File System, Yifeng Zhu, Hong Jiang

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

The vulnerability of computer nodes due to component failures is a critical issue for cluster-based file systems. This paper studies the development and deployment of mirroring in cluster-based parallel virtual file systems to provide fault tolerance and analyzes the tradeoffs between the performance and the reliability in the mirroring scheme. It presents the design and implementation of CEFT, a scalable RAID-10 style file system based on PVFS, and proposes four novel mirroring protocols depending on whether the mirroring operations are server-driven or client-driven, whether they are asynchronous or synchronous. The comparisons of their write performances, measured in a real cluster, …

Erratum: Black Hole Particle Emission In Higher-Dimensional Spacetimes (Physical Review Letters (2006) 96 (071301)), Vitor Cardoso, Marco Cavaglia, Leonardo Gualtieri

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Next-To-Next-To-Next-To-Leading-Order Soft-Gluon Corrections In Hard-Scattering Processes Near Threshold, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I present a unified calculation of soft-gluon corrections to hard-scattering cross sections through next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (NNNLO). Master formulas are derived, from a threshold resummation formalism, that can be applied to total and differential cross sections for hard-scattering processes in hadron colliders. I also present numerical results for charged Higgs production at the LHC where these corrections are large, and for top quark production at the Tevatron where these corrections greatly reduce the scale dependence of the cross section.

Contribution Of The Alternative Pathway To Respiration During Thermogenesis In Flowers Of The Sacred Lotus, Jennifer R. Watling, Sharon A. Robinson, Roger S. Seymour

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

We report results from in vivo measurements, using oxygen isotope discrimination techniques, of fluxes through the alternative and cytochrome respiratory pathways in thermogenic plant tissue, the floral receptacle of the sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). Fluxes through both pathways were measured in thermoregulating flowers undergoing varying degrees of thermogenesis in response to ambient temperature. Significant increases in alternative pathway flux were found in lotus receptacles with temperatures 16°C to 20°C above ambient, but not in those with lesser amounts of heating. Alternative pathway flux in the hottest receptacles was 75% of the total respiratory flux. In contrast, fluxes through the cytochrome …

New Directions In Conservation For The National Wildlife Refuge System, Robert L. Fischman, Vicky J. Meretsky, James R. Karr, Daniel M. Ashe, Michael Scott, Reed F. Noss, Richard L. Schroeder

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act of 1997 includes the nation’s broadest statutory commitment to ecosystem protection: to “ensure that the biological integrity, diversity, and environmental health of the system are maintained.” The act also directs the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to expand the scope of conservation monitoring, assessment, and management beyond refuge boundaries to encompass surrounding landscapes. The act thus gives the FWS a leadership role in developing research and management partnerships with other agencies, organizations, and neighboring landowners. Increasing research capacity and scientific expertise, and strengthening institutional resolve to limit activities that impede the attainment …

Automated Geometric Theorem Proving: Wu's Method, Joran Elias

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Wu’s Method for proving geometric theorems is well known. We investigate the underlying algorithms involved, including the concepts of pseudodivision, Ritt’s Principle and Ritt’s Decomposition algorithm. A simple implementation for these algorithms in Maple is presented, which we then use to prove a few simple geometric theorems to illustrate the method.

Meet The Authors

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.

Tme Volume 3, Number 1

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.

Editorial: Growth & Change, Bharath Sriraman

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.