Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Modeling Effects Of Channel Complexity And Hyporheic Flow On Stream Temperatures, Chris Berger, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Stream temperatures are affected by multiple forcing functions, including surface heat exchange (including solar radiation, evaporation, conduction, and net long wave radiation) and hyporheic flows. Each of these forcing functions is directly influenced by the level of channel complexity in the stream channel and riparian shading. The interrelationship between channel complexity, hyporheic flow and stream temperature is highly complex, and efforts to manage for habitat diversity by managing channel complexity could result in unintended consequences on stream temperature. When planning modifications to stream channel complexity, consideration should be given to the effects such moderations could have on stream temperatures.

Urbanization …

A Well-Founded Semantics For Hybrid Mknf Knowledge Bases, Matthias Knorr, Jose Julio Alferes, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

In [10], hybrid MKNF knowledge bases have been proposed for combining open and closed world reasoning within the logics of minimal knowledge and negation as failure ([8]). For this powerful framework, we define a three-valued semantics and provide an alternating fixpoint construction for nondisjunctive hybrid MKNF knowledge bases. We thus provide a well-founded semantics which is a sound approximation of the cautious MKNF model semantics, and which also features improved computational properties. We also show that whenever the DL knowledge base part is empty, then the alternating fixpoint coincides with the classical well-founded model.

Measuring Inconsistency For Description Logics Based On Paraconsistent Semantics, Yue Ma, Guilin Qi, Pascal Hitzler, Zuoquan Lin

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper, we propose an approach for measuring inconsistency in inconsistent ontologies. We first define the degree of inconsistency of an inconsistent ontology using a four-valued semantics for the description logic ALC. Then an ordering over inconsistent ontologies is given by considering their inconsistency degrees. Our measure of inconsistency can provide important information for inconsistency handling.

Runtime Support Of Speculative Optimization For Offline Escape Analysis, Kevin Cleereman, Michelle Cheatham, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

Escape analysis can improve the speed and memory efficiency of garbage collected languages by allocating objects to the call stack, but an offline analysis will potentially interfere with dynamic class loading and an online analysis must sacrifice precision for speed. We describe a technique that permits the safe use of aggressive, speculative offline escape analysis in programs potentially loading classes that violate the analysis results.

Salivary Characteristics In 3 And 4 Year-Old Children With And Without Visible Caries, Gloria Yañez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

PURPOSE: To compare salivary characteristics in 3 and 4 year-old Head Start children with and without visible caries.

METHODS: This case-control study was performed on 84 healthy 3 and 4 year-old Head Start children. After consent and inclusion criteria were met, each child was screened and assigned to one of two test groups based on their caries status. Group 1 consisted of children with no visible evidence of caries, although non-visible caries may have been present. Group II consisted of children with visible evidence demonstrating three or more carious lesions. Each child's unstimulated and stimulated whole saliva samples were collected …

Proof Without Words: A Graph Theoretic Decomposition Of Binomial Coefficients, Joseph Demaio

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

The Global Hepatic Transcriptional Response Of Male Fisher Rats To Dietary Aroclor 1254 Exposure, Trisha M. Basford

Dissertations

Dietary intake is a primary route for biomagnification of environmentally persistent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) within humans and animals. Aroclor 1254, a mixture of PCBs, is associated with a variety of toxic responses including alterations in blood and lipid biochemistry and tumor promotion. Measurement of the transcriptional responses to low-level dietary exposure to A1254 has not been reported to date, and is important given the persistence of PCBs, and range of effects associated with exposure. The aims of this study were to characterize changes in rat hepatic global gene expression due to sub-acute and sub-chronic dietary exposure to A1254, and to …

Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Studies On Organic Semiconductors And Organic Superconductors, Chaminda Nalaka Kodituwakku

Dissertations

We have measured electronic excitations and excitons in CuPc polycrystalline and single crystal samples. Measurements on the polycrystalline sample were done with 300 meV resolution and measurements on the single crystal were done using 120 meV resolution. Time dependant density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were done on the CuPc molecule to understand the electronic excitations in this system.

Some Applications Of Gaussian Quadrature And Neural Network Modeling In Earth Flows And Other Slow-Moving Landslides In Cohesive Slope Materials, Rennie Bwalya Kaunda

Dissertations

Geometrical changes and progressive displacements in earth flows and other slow moving landslides triggered by climatic changes may be addressed by digital modeling. Gaussian quadrature, a numerical integration technique though fixed points, is employed to compute geometrical areas defined by stratigraphic (soil or rock layering) units, vertical pole projections and a slip surface, based on kinematic admissibility. An example from the Lake Michigan coast shows that the total internal geometrical area is found to be preserved during the course of the progressive deformation. Displacement monitoring of the slope shows that it became less stable over a period of eleven years …

Objective Truth Versus Human Understanding In Mathematics And In Chess, Olle Häggström

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This paper begins with a review of the collection 18 Unconventional Essays on the Nature of Mathematics edited by Hersh (2006). Inspired especially by the contribution by Thurston to that collection, I then go on to discuss, by means of a couple of thought experiments involving computer "oracles", the nature of mathematics as a human activity, hopefully providing some balance to the simplified view (sometimes held by research mathematicians such as myself) of the discipline as purely a quest for objective truth.

Mathematics Education And Neurosciences: Relating Spatial Structures To The Development Of Spatial Sense And Number Sense, Fenna Van Nes, Jan De Lange

The Mathematics Enthusiast

The Mathematics Education and Neurosciences (MENS) project is aimed at exploring the development of the mathematical abilities of young (four- to six-year old) children. It is initiated to integrate research from mathematics education with research from educational neuroscience in order to come to a better understanding of how the early skills of young children can best be fostered for supporting the development of mathematical abilities in an educational setting. This paper is specifically focused on the design research that is being conducted from the perspective of mathematics education in which we are investigating the relationship between young children’s insight into …

Tme Volume 4, Number 2

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.

Closest And Farthest-Line Voronoi Diagrams In The Plane, Mark C. Henle

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Voronoi diagrams are a geometric structure containing proximity information useful in efficiently answering a number of common geometric problems associated with a set of points in the plane.. They have applications in fields ranging from crystallography to biology. Diagrams of sites other than points and with different distance metrics have been studied. This paper examines the Voronoi diagram of a set of lines, which has escaped study in the computational geometry literature. The combinatorial and topological properties of the closest and farthest Voronoi diagrams are analyzed and O(n^2) and O(n log n) algorithms are presented for their computation respectively.

An Infrared Camera Simulation For Estimating Spatial Temperature Profiles And Signal-To-Noise Ratios Of An Airborne Laser-Illuminated Target, David F. Orth

Theses and Dissertations

Airborne Laser testing and evaluation can be aided by developing a spectrally-based infrared camera simulation to explore how the target surface's specular and diffuse reflectivities affect the observed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and how the target's temperature in the laser spot can estimated. This simulation provides for the observed irradiance, scaled by atmospheric absorption, to consist of the target's self-emission, reflected background emission, and the path emission from the observer to the target. The observed irradiance is scaled and distributed onto a focal plane array by way of a simulated optical system, whose effects are described by modulation transfer functions. The …

Analysis Of Factors Influencing Southeast Florida Coral Reef Community Composition, M. A. Phillips, David S. Gilliam, L. K. B. Jordan, Richard E. Dodge, Louis E. Fisher

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

The southeast Florida reef system lies offshore a heavily populated and urbanized coast. These high latitude reefs are not only affected by their geography but also by anthropogenic factors that accompany an urban area such as dredging activities, ship groundings, waste water outfalls, runoff and beach erosion. Sedimentation has been shown to influence stony coral community composition including dominance, abundance, cover, diversity, and colony size. Using annual monitoring data collected since 2000, the southeastern Florida reef community is being analyzed to examine if and how sedimentation and other factors such as depth, distance from shore and distance from port channels …

Lp 133-373: A New Chromospherically Active Eclipsing Dme Binary With A Distant, Cool White Dwarf Companion, Todd R. Vaccaro, Mark J. Rudkin, Adéla Kawka, Stéphane Vennes, T. D. Oswalt, Isaac M. Silver, Matt A. Wood, Jonathan Allyn Smith

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We report the discovery of the partially eclipsing binary LP 133-373. Nearly identical eclipses along with observed photometric colors and spectroscopy indicate that it is a pair of chromospherically active dM4 stars in a circular 1.6 day orbit. Light and velocity curve modeling to our differential photometry and velocity data show that each star has a mass and radius of 0.340 ± 0.014 M⊙ and 0.33 ± 0.02 R⊙. The binary is itself part of a common proper motion pair with LP 133-374, a cool DC or possible DA white dwarf with a mass of 0.49-0.82 M⊙, which would make …

The Physical Origin Of Negative Superhumps In Cataclysmic Variables, Matt A. Wood, Christopher J. Burke

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

It has been suspected for over 20 years that the observed negative superhumps in cataclysmic variables are due to the retrograde precession of a tilted disk. We present new smooth particle hydrodynamics simulation results that demonstrate that the source of the modulation of the luminosity of the light in a negatively superhumping cataclysmic variable is the transit of the bright spot across the face of an accretion disk that is tilted out of the orbital plane. In an untilted disk the bright spot is always located on the outer edge of the disk, and the intrinsic brightness of the accretion …

A Polymorph Of K₄Ge₄Se₁₀, Amitava Choudhury, Sabine Strobel, Peter K. Dorhout

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new monoclinic polymorph, ?-K4Ge4Se10 (tetra-potassium deca-selenidotetra-germanate), that crystallizes in space group P21/c has been isolated. The structure contains isolated super-tetra-hedral adamantane [Ge4Se10]^4- clusters identical to those in the known K4Ge4Se10 polymorph (P21/m), held together in in the crystal structure by ionic inter-action with the K⁺ ions. The adamantane unit, [Ge4Se10] ^4-, is formed by corner-sharing of four GeSe4 tetra-hedra, with average Ge -. Se distances of 2.378 and 2.281 Å for (Ge - Se)endo and (Ge - Se)exo, respectively. There are four crystallographically distinct K ⁺ ions in ?-K4Ge4Se10 having coordination numbers of 5, 7. and …

Non-Linear Functions In Secondary School Of Lower Qualification Level (German Hauptschule), Astrid Beckmann

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This article reports of the effectiveness of introducing non-linear functions in a German Hauptschule. Some research based recommendations are provided for practitioners with the goal of improving student competencies in lieu of PISA.

Editorial: New Horizons-Four Years Later, Bharath Sriraman

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.

Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For Tss, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Ballard Creek Near Arkansas/Oklahoma Line, Marc Nelson, Wade Cash, Keith Trost, Jennifer Purtle, J.V. Brahana, Ken Steele

Technical Reports

The Illinois River Basin has experienced water quality impairment from non-point source pollution for many years. This fact was well documented in the State of Arkansas' Water Quality Assessment report, the Soil Conservation Service River Basin Study, and several University of Arkansas studies. Thirty-seven sub-watersheds have been identified by the SCS in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River basin. In the Arkansas portion of the Basin, the Illinois River, Evansville Creek, Baron Fork, Cincinnati Creek, Muddy Fork, Moores Creek, Clear Creek, Osage Creek and Flint Creek were all classified as not supporting their designated use as primary contact recreation …

Gravitational Wave Bursts From The Galactic Massive Black Hole, Clovis Hopman, Marc Freitag, Shane L. Larson

All Physics Faculty Publications

The Galactic massive black hole (MBH), with a mass of M_•= 3.6 × 10⁶ M_⊙, is the closest known MBH, at a distance of only 8 kpc. The proximity of this MBH makes it possible to observe gravitational waves (GWs) from stars with periapse in the observational frequency window of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). This is possible even if the orbit of the star is very eccentric, so that the orbital frequency is many orders of magnitude below the LISA frequency window, as suggested by Rubbo, Holley-Bockelmann & Finn (2006). …

Geodesic Flow On Global Holomorphic Sections Of Ts2, Brendan Guilfoyle, Wilhelm Klingenberg

Publications

We study the geodesic flow on the global holomorphic sections of the bundle π : TS2 → S 2 induced by the neutral K¨ahler metric on the space of oriented lines of R 3 , which we identify with TS2 . This flow is shown to be completely integrable when the sections are symplectic, and the behaviour of the geodesics is described.

Channel Width Response To Differential Uplift, Colin B. Amos, Douglas W. Burbank

Geology Faculty Publications

The role of channel width and slope adjustments to differential uplift in rivers within actively deforming terrains remains contentious. Here high‐resolution topographic surveying of formerly antecedent outwash channels demonstrates marked changes in channel width as a primary response to differential uplift. For five Late Quaternary alluvial paleochannels crossing small folds along the active Ostler fault zone of southern New Zealand, nearly continuous measurements of paleochannel width and concomitant incision reveal abrupt narrowing of widths toward minimum values at channel positions coincident with the initial uplift. When the magnitude of differential uplift is sufficiently small, narrowing alone permits these channels to …

Active Learning For Part-Of-Speech Tagging: Accelerating Corpus Annotation, George Busby, Marc Carmen, James Carroll, Robbie Haertel, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Peter Mcclanahan, Eric K. Ringger, Kevin Seppi

Faculty Publications

In the construction of a part-of-speech annotated corpus, we are constrained by a fixed budget. A fully annotated corpus is required, but we can afford to label only a subset. We train a Maximum Entropy Markov Model tagger from a labeled subset and automatically tag the remainder. This paper addresses the question of where to focus our manual tagging efforts in order to deliver an annotation of highest quality. In this context, we find that active learning is always helpful. We focus on Query by Uncertainty (QBU) and Query by Committee (QBC) and report on experiments with several baselines and …

Metallo-Cyclodextrin Complexes For The Separation Of Chiral Materials, Synthesis And Characterisation, Ciaran Francis Potter

Doctoral

The processes of separation and detection of chiral compounds are extremely important in the pharmaceutical industry. This study aims to investigate a safe and variable methods for the separation of the two enantiomers of the drug DOPA (Dihydroxyphenylalanine). L-DOPA is the most effective drug at present used to combat Parkinson’s disease while D-DOPA is inactive, thus for drug efficacy only the single biologically active enantiomer should be present in the formulation. In this work, cyclodextrins (CDS) were utilised fro their ability to act as a host for guest species, acting in the role as both a first and second sphere …

The Philosophy Of Mathematics, Values And Keralese Mathematics, Paul Ernest

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This paper explores the philosophical significance of the Keralese and Indian subcontinent contribution to history of mathematics. Identifying the most accurate genesis and trajectory of mathematical ideas in history that current knowledge allows should be the goal of every history of mathematics, and is consistent with any philosophy of mathematics. I argue for the need of a broader conceptualization of philosophy of than the traditional emphasis on scholastic enquiries into epistemology and ontology. For such an emphasis has been associated, though I add need not necessarily be so, with an ideological position that devalues non-European contributions to history of mathematics. …

Mars Exploration Rover: Mathematics And People Behind The Mission, Uffe Thomas Jankvist, Bjørn Toldbod

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This paper is a selective study of the mathematics and people involved with a specific space mission, namely the Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission launched in 2003. The specific mathematics of the MER mission are sought uncovered through interviews with applied scientists who worked with different aspects of the mission at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Some of the more specific questions attempted answered through this article for instance concerns if the aerospace industry, exemplified by the MER mission, calls for new developments in mathematics or if it mostly relies on well established theories; how much independence the scientists have …

On The Solution To Octic Equations, Raghavendra G. Kulkarni

The Mathematics Enthusiast

We present a novel decomposition method to decompose an eighth-degree polynomial equation, into its two constituent fourth-degree polynomials, as factors, leading to its solution. The salient feature of the octic equation solved here is that, the sum of its four roots being equal to the sum of the remaining four roots. We derive the condition to be satisfied by coefficients so that the given octic is solvable by the proposed method.

New And Noteworthy Books From Sense Publishers

The Mathematics Enthusiast

No abstract provided.