Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Macular Pigment Response To A Supplement Containing Meso-Zeaxanthin, Lutein And Zeaxanthin, Richard A. Bone, John T. Landrum, Yisi Cao, Alan N. Howard, Francesca Alvarez-Calderon

Department of Physics

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease with multiple risk factors, many of which appear to involve oxidative stress. Macular pigment, with its antioxidant and lightscreening properties, is thought to be protective against AMD. A result has been the appearance of dietary supplements containing the macular carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin. More recently, a supplement has been marketed containing, in addition, the third major carotenoid of the macular pigment, meso-zeaxanthin. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of such a supplement in raising macular pigment density in human subjects. Methods: A 120 day supplementation study was conducted …

Asymmetric Dihydroxylation And Aziridination Of Allenes And Related Chemistry, Renmao Liu

Theses and Dissertations

A novel method for asymmetric synthesis of α-hydroxy ketone with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity has been established by the systematic investigation of asymmetric dihydroxylation of allenes. The efficiency of kinetic resolution of racemic allenes was also investigated by using the AD reaction on both 1,3-disubstituted and trisubstituted allenes. Steric effects, electronic effects and allene substitution are also discussed. Aziridines were formed by copper-catalyzed intramolecular nitrene addition to alkenes. The carbamate group was used as the tether between the alkene and the nitrene. Subsequent nucleophilic attack of the aziridine was accomplished using RSH, R2NH, N3-,or ROH as the nucleophile. This addition …

The Effects Of Coypu Myocaster Coypus (Nutria) Trapping On The Water Quality Of South Johnson Creek, Beaverton, Oregon, Deborah Jean Frankel

Dissertations and Theses

Nutria are semi-aquatic rodents, non-native to Oregon. They are an invasive species that damage stream banks with burrowing and cause destruction of native vegetation; activity that may cause deterioration of stream water quality. I hypothesized that my study's duration and pattern of nutria trapping along South Johnson Creek would be sufficient to lead to a significant change in turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total dissolved solids (TDS), total solids (TS), and total suspended solids (TSS).

The Shape Of Galaxy Cluster Dark Matter Haloes: Systematics Of Its Imprint On Cluster Gas And Comparison To Observations, Ricardo A. Flores, Brandon Allgood, Andrey V. Kravtsov, Joel R. Primack, David A. Buote, James S. Bullock

Ricardo Flores

Analyzing Sequentially Randomized Trials Based On Causal Effect Models For Realistic Individualized Treatment Rules, Oliver Bembom, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

In this paper, we argue that causal effect models for realistic individualized treatment rules represent an attractive tool for analyzing sequentially randomized trials. Unlike a number of methods proposed previously, this approach does not rely on the assumption that intermediate outcomes are discrete or that models for the distributions of these intermediate outcomes given the observed past are correctly specified. In addition, it generalizes the methodology for performing pairwise comparisons between individualized treatment rules by allowing the user to posit a marginal structural model for all candidate treatment rules simultaneously. If only a small number of candidate treatment rules are …

Semantic Annotations For Wsdl, Amit P. Sheth, Jacek Kopecky

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Pathophysiology Of White-Tailed Deer Vaccinated With Porcine Zona Pellucida Immunocontraceptive, Paul D. Curtis, Milo E. Richmond, Lowell A. Miller, Fred W. Quimby

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

White-tailed deer (n = 14 treated, n = 7 control) were examined postmortem to identify any possible pathophysiology resulting from PZP immunocontraception vaccination. Deer were treated twice in 1997; given a booster in 1998, with six being revaccinated in September 2000. Granulomas were found at injection sites of most deer, even 2 years post-treatment. Eosinophilic oophoritis occurred in 6 of 8 (75%) deer vaccinated in 1998, and 3 of 6 (50%) revaccinated in 2000. The 2000 revaccinates without oophoritis, had significantly fewer normal secondary follicles than control females (P = 0.03), and deer in the 1998 treatment group …

Slides: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation, Mark Squillace

The Future of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos (May 10)

Presenter: Professor Mark Squillace, Director, Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law

35 slides

Agenda: The Future Of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

The Future of Federal Wetlands Regulation After Rapanos (May 10)

Hot-Topic Discussion held at Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck in Denver, Colorado on May 10, 2007 from 12:00 p.m. to 1:15 p.m.

Speaker: Mark Squillace, Director of the Natural Resources Law Center, University of Colorado School of Law.

Commentators: Wayne Forman and Michelle Kales, attorneys, Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck

"Rapanos v. United States, 547 U.S. 715 (2006), was a United States Supreme Court case challenging federal jurisdiction to regulate isolated wetlands under the Clean Water Act. It was the first major environmental case heard by the newly appointed Chief Justice, John Roberts and Associate Justice, Samuel Alito. The Supreme Court …

Warm Hcn, C2h2, And Co In The Disk Of Gv Tau, Erika Gibb, K. Van Brunt, S. Brittain, T Rettig

Physics Faculty Works

We present the first high-resolution, ground-based observations of HCN and C2H2 toward the T Tauri binary star system GV Tau. We detected strong absorption due to HCN ν3 and weak C2H2 [ν3 and ν2 + (ν4 + ν5)img1.gif] absorption toward the primary (GV Tau S) but not the infrared companion. We also report CO column densities and rotational temperatures, and present abundances relative to CO of HCN/CO ~ 0.6% and C2H/CO ~ 1.2% and an upper limit for CH4/CO < 0.37% toward GV Tau S. Neither HCN nor C2H2 were detected toward the infrared companion, and results suggest that abundances may differ between the two sources.

Warm Hcn, C2h2, And Co In The Disk Of Gv Tau, Erika Gibb, K. A. Van Brunt, S. D. Brittain, T W. Rettig

Erika Gibb

Peptide Ligation Catalyzed By Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles, Y Fillon, A Verma, P Ghosh, D Ernenwein, Vm Rotello, J Chmielewski

Vincent Rotello

Trimethylammonium functionalized gold nanoparticles are demonstrated as templates for the assembly of peptide fragments and their subsequently promoted ligation. This system displays the use of organically tailored nanoparticles as effective supramolecular reagents for catalyzing bond-forming reactions and may also serve as a model for prebiotic conditions where charged surfaces may have promoted the polymerization of the early biopolymers.

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Image Analysis Via The Em Algorithm With Stochastic Variation, Xiaoxi Zhang, Timothy D. Johnson, Roderick J.A. Little

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI) provides researchers insight into pathological and physiological alterations of living tissue, with the help of which, researchers hope to predict (local) therapeutic efficacy early and determine optimal treatment schedule. However, the analysis of qMRI has been limited to ad-hoc heuristic methods. Our research provides a powerful statistical framework for image analysis and sheds light on future localized adaptive treatment regimes tailored to the individual’s response. We assume in an imperfect world we only observe a blurred and noisy version of the underlying “true” scene via qMRI, due to measurement errors or unpredictable influences. We use …

Probing The Solvent-Induced Tautomerism Of A Redox-Active Ureidopyrimidinone, Am Alexander, M Bria, G Brunklaus, S Caldwell, G Cooke, Jf Garety, Sg Hewage, Y Hocquel, N Mcdonald, G Rabani, G Rosair, Bo Smith, Hw Spiess, Vm Rotello, P Woisel

Vincent Rotello

Trimethylammonium functionalized gold nanoparticles are demonstrated as templates for the assembly of peptide fragments and their subsequently promoted ligation. This system displays the use of organically tailored nanoparticles as effective supramolecular reagents for catalyzing bond-forming reactions and may also serve as a model for prebiotic conditions where charged surfaces may have promoted the polymerization of the early biopolymers.

Phase Formation In L1 0 Magnets, Ralph Skomski

Ralph Skomski Publications

Structural and magnetic properties of substituted L1₀ compounds are investigated. Focus is on L1₀ structures of the general type ABC₂, where each second layer of the original structure is replaced by a checkerboard of A and B atoms. At low temperatures, L1₀ compounds with ABC₂ stoichiometry will segregate into AC and AB L1₀ phases, forming an ordered ABC₂ compound or exhibit a transition into a more complicated structure. The ordering has a strong impact on the magnetism of the alloys, especially on the anisotropy. The hypothetical new ternary …

Which Chessboards Have A Closed Knight's Tour Within The Cube?, Joseph Demaio

Faculty Articles

A closed knight's tour of a chessboard uses legal moves of the knight to visit every square exactly once and return to its starting position. When the chessboard is translated into graph theoretic terms the question is transformed into the existence of a Hamiltonian cycle. There are two common tours to consider on the cube. One is to tour the six exterior n x n boards that form the cube. The other is to tour within the n stacked copies of the n x n board that form the cube. This paper is concerned with the latter. In this paper …

Measurement Of The Top Quark Mass In The Lepton+Jets Channel Using The Ideogram Method, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, D0 Collaboration, Gregory R. Snow

Kenneth Bloom Publications

A measurement of the top quark mass using events with one charged lepton, missing transverse energy, and jets in the final state, collected by the D0 detector from pp̅ collisions at √s= 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron collider, is presented. A constrained fit is used to fully reconstruct the kinematics of the events. For every event a top quark mass likelihood is calculated taking into account all possible jet assignments and the probability that an event is signal or background. Lifetime-based identification of b jets is employed to enhance the separation between tt̅ signal and background from other physics …

Microbial Biosignatures In High-Iron Thermal Springs, Mary Nichole Parenteau

Dissertations and Theses

Debate exists regarding whether abiotic or biotic mechanisms were responsible for the oxidation of Fe²+ and the subsequent accumulation of ferric (Fe³+) iron assemblages in Precambrian Banded Iron Formations (BIFs). Direct paleontological evidence for a microbial role in the deposition of BIFs has been sought in the occurrence of microfossils and lipid biomarkers in these structures.

This study has characterized the formation of such biosignatures in modern iron deposits. The metabolic impact of microbes on Fe2+ oxidation in this system has previously been described (Pierson et al., 1999; Pierson and Parenteau, 2000). Cyanobacterial and filamentous anoxygenic …

Creating Statistically Anisotropic And Inhomogeneous Perturbations, Christian Armendariz-Picon

Physics - All Scholarship

In almost all structure formation models, primordial perturbations are created within a homogeneous and isotropic universe, like the one we observe. Because their ensemble averages inherit the symmetries of the spacetime in which they are seeded, cosmological perturbations then happen to be statistically isotropic and homogeneous. Certain anomalies in the cosmic microwave background on the other hand suggest that perturbations do not satisfy these statistical properties, thereby challenging perhaps our understanding of structure formation. In this article we relax this tension. We show that if the universe contains an appropriate triad of scalar fields with spatially constant but non-zero gradients, …

Estimating The Cardinality Of Rdf Graph Patterns, Angela Maduko, Kemafor Anyanwu, Amit P. Sheth, Paul Schliekelman

Kno.e.sis Publications

Most RDF query languages allow for graph structure search through a conjunction of triples which is typically processed using join operations. A key factor in optimizing joins is determining the join order which depends on the expected cardinality of intermediate results. This work proposes a pattern-based summarization framework for estimating the cardinality of RDF graph patterns. We present experiments on real world and synthetic datasets which confirm the feasibility of our approach.

Microwave Absorption Of Patterned Arrays Of Nanosized Magnetic Stripes With Different Aspect Ratios, Leszek M. Malkinski, Minghui Yu, Andriy Vovk, Donald J. Scherer Ii, Leonard Spinu, Weilie Zhou, Scott L. Whittenburg, Zachary Davis, Jin-Seung Jung

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Arrays consisting of nanosized stripes of Permalloy with different length-to-width ratios have been fabricated using electron beam nanolithography, magnetron sputtering, and lift-off process. These stripes have a thickness of , a width of , and different lengths ranging from . The stripes are separated by a distance of . Magnetization hysteresis loops were measured using a superconducting quantum interference device susceptometer. Microwave absorption at was determined by means of ferromagnetic resonance technique. The dependence of the resonant field on the angle between the nanostructure and the in-plane dc magnetic field indicates the presence of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy associated with the …

Role Of Thermodynamic Fluctuations In Magnetic Recording (Invited), Ralph Skomski

Ralph Skomski Publications

The thermal stability of the information stored in magnetic recording media is determined by a complex hierarchy. The leading consideration is the static or zero-temperature magnetization reversal complemented by the intrinsic temperature dependence of the micromagnetic parameters. Thermally activated Arrhenius (or Néel-Brown) processes modify the reversal by realizing paths close to static reversal, whereas “giant fluctuations” corresponding to reversal fields much higher than the nucleation field can safely be excluded. Thermally activated reversal in very thin elongated nanoparticles limits the thermal stability of magnetic recording media but degenerates into coherent rotation as the temperature is lowered, thereby reconciling micromagnetism and …

Peritubular Dentin Lacks Piezoelectricity, S. Habelitz, B. J. Rodriguez, S. J. Marshall, G. W. Marshall, Sergei V. Kalinin, Alexei Gruverman

Alexei Gruverman Publications

Dentin is a mesenchymal tissue, and, as such, is based on a collagenous matrix that is reinforced by apatite mineral. Collagen fibrils show piezoelectricity, a phenomenon that is used by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) to obtain high-resolution images. We applied PFM to image human dentin with 10-nm resolution, and to test the hypothesis that zones of piezoactivity, indicating the presence of collagen fibrils, can be distinguished in dentin. Piezoelectricity was observed by PFM in the dentin intertubular matrix, while the peritubular dentin remained without response. High-resolution imaging of chemically treated intertubular dentin attributed the piezoelectric effect to individual collagen fibrils …

Optical Properties Of Epitaxial Single-Crystal Chemical-Vapor-Deposited Diamond, Giorgio Turri, Ying Chen, Michael Bass, David Orchard, James E. Butler

Publications

Epitaxial single-crystal chemical-vapor-deposited diamond was obtained from Element Six Ltd. (Ascot, UK) and from Apollo Diamond (Boston, MA). Both companies provided 5 x 5 mm squares with thicknesses ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. In addition, Element Six provided 10-mm-diameter disks with a thickness of 1.0 mm. The absorptance of all specimens at 1064 nm was measured by laser calorimetry, with good agreement between independent measurements at the University of Central Florida and at QinetiQ (Malvern, UK). Depolarization at 1064 nm and ultraviolet absorption properties are also reported.

Altering Document Term Vectors For Classification - Ontologies As Expectations Of Co-Occurrence, Meenakshi Nagarajan, Amit P. Sheth, Marcos Aguilera, Kimberly Keeton, Arif Merchant, Mustafa Uysal

Kno.e.sis Publications

In this paper we extend the state-of-the-art in utilizing background knowledge for supervised classification by exploiting the semantic relationships between terms explicated in Ontologies. Preliminary evaluations indicate that the new approach generally improves precision and recall, more so for hard to classify cases and reveals patterns indicating the usefulness of such background knowledge.

Stability Testing Of Mint Oils Through Gas Chromatography Analysis, Sarah Wolf

Honors Theses

In this experiment, the stability of mint oil was measured through gas chromatography analysis. Eight different oils were tested. Levels of key components of mint oil, including menthol and menthone for peppermint oil, and carvone and limonene for spearmint oil, was compared over time. Several packaging materials were immersed in oils in order to determine their effects, if any, on the composition of the oils. Additionally, oil was subjected to either 25 degree or 40 degree Celsius temperatures to determine if temperature affected the oil composition.

Disordering To Order: De Vries Behavior From A Landau Theory For Smectic Phases, Karl Saunders, Daniel Hernandez, Staci Pearson, John Toner

Physics

We show that Landau theory for the isotropic (I), nematic (N), smectic-A, and smectic-C phases generically, but not ubiquitously, implies "de Vries" behavior: i.e., a continuous A-C transition can occur with little layer contraction while the birefringence increases significantly once the system moves into the C phase. Our theory shows that 1st order A-C transitions are also possible. These transitions can be de Vries-like, but in general need not be. Generally, de Vries behavior occurs in models with unusually small orientational order and is preceded by a first order I-A transition. These results correspond well with experimental work to date.

Some Results Of Backward Itô Formula, Guiseppe Da Prato, Jose-Luis Menaldi, Luciano Tubaro

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

We use the notion of backward integration, with respect to a general Lévy process, to treat, in a simpler and unifying way, various classical topics as: Girsanov theorem, rst order partial differential equations, the Liouville (or Lyapunov) equations and the stochastic characteristic method.

Racial Disparities In Mortality Risks In A Sample Of The U.S. Medicare Population, Yijie Zhou, Francesca Dominici, Thomas A. Louis

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Racial disparities in mortality risks adjusted by socioeconomic status (SES) are not well understood. To add to the understanding of racial disparities, we construct and analyze a data set that links, at individual and zip code levels, three government databases: Medicare, Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey and U.S. Census. Our study population includes more than 4 million Medicare enrollees residing in 2095 zip codes in the Northeast region of U.S. We develop hierarchical models to estimate Black-White disparity in risk of death, adjusted by both individual-level and zip codelevel income. We define population-level attributable risk (AR), relative attributable risk (RAR) and …

Adjusting For Covariates In Studies Of Diagnostic, Screening, Or Prognostic Markers: An Old Concept In A New Setting, Holly Janes, Margaret Pepe

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The concept of covariate adjustment is well established in therapeutic and etiologic studies. However, it has received little attention in the growing area of medical research devoted to the development of markers for disease diagnosis, screening, or prognosis, where classification accuracy, rather than association, is of primary interest. In this paper, we demonstrate the need for covariate adjustment in studies of classification accuracy, discuss methods for adjusting for covariates, and distinguish covariate adjustment from several other related but fundamentally different uses for covariates. We draw analogies and contrasts throughout with studies of association.