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2007

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Articles 2881 - 2910 of 6758

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Tolerance Intervals For Gene Flow Rates From Transgenic To Non-Transgenic Wheat And Corn Using A Logistic Regression Model With Random Location Effects, Samuel Broderick, Phillip Chapman, Patrick Byrne, Todd Gaines Apr 2007

Tolerance Intervals For Gene Flow Rates From Transgenic To Non-Transgenic Wheat And Corn Using A Logistic Regression Model With Random Location Effects, Samuel Broderick, Phillip Chapman, Patrick Byrne, Todd Gaines

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Crop scientists and government regulators are interested in mediating pollen flow from transgenic crops to other crops and weed species. To this end, a multi-year, multilocation series of experiments was conducted in eastern Colorado by the Department of Soil and Crop Sciences at Colorado State University. These experiments were done to estimate the distance required between plots of transgenic corn and wheat and plots of the respective non-transgenic crop to obtain at most a regulated limit of cross-pollination. The experiments involved planting a rectangle of transgenic crop in the middle of a non-transgenic field and measuring the proportion of cross-pollinated …

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Adjusting Population Estimates For Genotyping Error In Non-Invasive Dna-Based Mark-Recapture Experiments, Shannon M. Knapp, Bruce A. Craig Apr 2007

Adjusting Population Estimates For Genotyping Error In Non-Invasive Dna-Based Mark-Recapture Experiments, Shannon M. Knapp, Bruce A. Craig

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

DNA from non-invasive sources is increasingly being used as molecular tags for markrecapture population estimation. These sources, however, provide small quantities of often contaminated DNA, which can lead to genotyping errors that will bias the population estimate. We describe a novel approach, called Genotyping Uncertainty Added Variance Adjustment (GUAVA), to address this problem. GUAVA incorporates an explicit model of genotyping error to generate a distribution of complete-information capture histories that is used to estimate the population size. This approach both reduces the genotyping-error bias and incorporates the additional uncertainty due to genotyping error into the variance of the estimate. We …

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Selection Of Blocked Two-Level Fractional Factorial Designs For Agricultural Experiments, Weiming Ke, Cuirong Ren, Huitian Lu Apr 2007

Selection Of Blocked Two-Level Fractional Factorial Designs For Agricultural Experiments, Weiming Ke, Cuirong Ren, Huitian Lu

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Blocked two-level fractional factorial designs are a very useful tool for efficient data collection in agricultural and other scientific research. In most experiments, in addition to the main effects, some two-factor interactions are also meaningful and need to be estimated. We propose a method for efficiently selecting blocked two-level fractional factorial designs when some of the two-factor interactions are non-negligible. We then present some results for a design with only 8 or 16 runs to illustrate how to use this method.

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Specifications Of A Prototype Software System For Developing Variable-Rate Treatment Prescriptions For Use In Precision Agriculture, Kevin S. Mccarter, Eugene Burris, George A. Milliken, Ernest L. Clawson, Hoi Yee Wong, Jeffrey L. Willers Apr 2007

Specifications Of A Prototype Software System For Developing Variable-Rate Treatment Prescriptions For Use In Precision Agriculture, Kevin S. Mccarter, Eugene Burris, George A. Milliken, Ernest L. Clawson, Hoi Yee Wong, Jeffrey L. Willers

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

This paper discusses the process of developing variable-rate treatment prescriptions and gives specifications for a prototype software system for implementing that process. The process is based on statistical analysis of data from embedded field trials, and incorporates producer preferences in determining a treatment prescription. The system can be used by researchers in agricultural research stations for developing prescriptions for commercial agricultural producers. The specifications provided are general enough to be implemented using a variety of statistical and database packages that are available to researchers. In addition to these specifications we provide online access to source code for implementing the system …

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Using The Cumulative-Size Mechanistic Model For Analyzing Insect Data, T. I. Matis, J. H. Matis, G .J. Michels Jr., M. N. Parajulee Apr 2007

Using The Cumulative-Size Mechanistic Model For Analyzing Insect Data, T. I. Matis, J. H. Matis, G .J. Michels Jr., M. N. Parajulee

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Two data sets of aphid abundance are analyzed using a new cumulative-size based mechanistic model. The first data set pertains to the cotton aphid, and its analysis demonstrates the power of the mechanistic model-based approach. The second data set pertains to greenbug populations, and its analysis shows the key role that birth and death rate coefficients may play in predicting the peak and the cumulative population sizes.

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Alternative Estimation Techniques For Assessing Probability Of Frost Damage In Subalpine Fir Trees, William J. Price, Bahman Shafii, Danny L. Barney Apr 2007

Alternative Estimation Techniques For Assessing Probability Of Frost Damage In Subalpine Fir Trees, William J. Price, Bahman Shafii, Danny L. Barney

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. lasiocarpa) is commonly used for nursery stock and Christmas tree applications. Spring frost damage to new buds, however, can jeopardize the longterm investment of growers and reduce the quality of the resulting fir trees. Hence, it is important to evaluate the risk of frost damage when considering prospective growing sites. A prediction model for bud development based on heat units can be used in conjunction with historical climate data to assess the likelihood of frost damage. That is, given the probability of a frost event at a given location and time, and the corresponding probability …

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Tridimensional Regression, Kendra Schmid, David Marx, Ashok Samal Apr 2007

Tridimensional Regression, Kendra Schmid, David Marx, Ashok Samal

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

Shape analysis is useful for a wide variety of disciplines and has many applications. There are many different approaches to shape analysis, one of which focuses on the analysis of shapes that are represented by the coordinates of predefined landmarks on the object. This paper introduces Tridimensional Regression, a technique that can be used for mapping images and shapes that are represented by sets of three-dimensional landmark coordinates. The degree of similarity between shapes can be quantified using the tridimensional coefficient of determination (R2). An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique to correctly match …

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Editor's Preface And Table Of Contents, John E. Boyer Jr. Apr 2007

Editor's Preface And Table Of Contents, John E. Boyer Jr.

Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture

These proceedings contain papers presented in the nineteenth annual Kansas State University Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture, held in Manhattan, Kansas, April 27-May 1, 2007.

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Biomarker Evaluation Using The Controls As A Reference Population, Ying Huang, Margaret Pepe Apr 2007

Biomarker Evaluation Using The Controls As A Reference Population, Ying Huang, Margaret Pepe

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The classification accuracy of a continuous marker is typically evaluated with the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve. In this paper, we study an alternative conceptual framework, the "percentile value". In particular the controls only provide a reference distribution to standardize the marker. The analysis proceeds by analyzing the standardized marker only in cases. The approach is shown to be equivalent to ROC analysis. Advantages are that it provides a framework more familiar to biostatisticians and it opens up avenues for new statistical techniques in biomarker evaluation. We develop several new procedures based on this framework for comparing biomarkers and for comparing …

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Pest Risk Assessment For Feral Pigs In Oregon, Bruce Coblentz, Cassie Bouska Apr 2007

Pest Risk Assessment For Feral Pigs In Oregon, Bruce Coblentz, Cassie Bouska

Other Publications in Wildlife Management

Feral pigs, wild boars, and hybrids either currently inhabit, or have been successfully introduced to every continent except Antarctica, and many oceanic islands. There are thirteen current known localities of feral pigs in Oregon (see Appendix A), distributed in various locations in southern and central Oregon. The biology of feral pigs indicates that these animals are capable of inhabiting virtually all available habitat west of the Cascade mountains, and the majority of the habitat east of the Cascades, with preference for riparian regions. Reports of feral pig biology and ecology in other regions in the United States, as well as …

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Antiferromagnetism And Superconductivity: Cuprate Plane Magnetic Ordering In Y Sr2 Cu2.1 Nb0.9 O8-Δ, H. A. Blackstead, William B. Yelon, M. Kornecki, M. P. Smylie, Q. Cai, J. Lamsal, V. P.S. Awana, S. Balamurugan, E. Takayama-Muromachi Apr 2007

Antiferromagnetism And Superconductivity: Cuprate Plane Magnetic Ordering In Y Sr2 Cu2.1 Nb0.9 O8-Δ, H. A. Blackstead, William B. Yelon, M. Kornecki, M. P. Smylie, Q. Cai, J. Lamsal, V. P.S. Awana, S. Balamurugan, E. Takayama-Muromachi

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

YSr2Cu2.1Nb0.9O8-δ, prepared using a high-pressure, high-temperature process, has been studied using superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, neutron diffraction, and electron spin resonance (ESR). This material, in which Cu is the only magnetic ion, shows two magnetic transitions below room temperature, at 257 and 27 K. While neutron diffraction fails to find antiferromagnetic Bragg peaks, ESR unambiguously shows that the compound is antiferromagnetic. Antiferromagnetic resonance is observed for temperatures below to slightly above the lower ordering temperature. the magnetization data can be understood as arising from ferromagnetic Cu O2 planes, which are …

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The Effects Of Spin-Orbit Coupling On Gravitational Wave Uncertainties, C. L. Wainwright Apr 2007

The Effects Of Spin-Orbit Coupling On Gravitational Wave Uncertainties, C. L. Wainwright

Pomona Senior Theses

Paper discusses the expected uncertainty of orbital parameters of binary stars as measured by the space-based gravitational wave observatory LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) and how the inclusion of spin in the model of the binary stars affects the uncertainty. The uncertainties are found by calculating the received gravitational wave from a binary pair and then performing a linear least-squares parameter estimation. The case of a 1500 solar mass black hole that is 20 years from coalescing with a 1000 solar mass black hole--both of which are 50 x 10^6 light years away--is analyzed, and the results show that the …

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Securing Virtual Coordinate System Based Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks, Jing Dong, Brett Bavar, Cristina Nita-Rotaru Apr 2007

Securing Virtual Coordinate System Based Routing In Wireless Sensor Networks, Jing Dong, Brett Bavar, Cristina Nita-Rotaru

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Enabling Confidentiality For Group Communication In Wireless Mesh Networks, Jing Dong, Cristina Nita-Rotaru Apr 2007

Enabling Confidentiality For Group Communication In Wireless Mesh Networks, Jing Dong, Cristina Nita-Rotaru

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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Surface Anisotropy And Magnetic Freezing Of Mno Nanoparticles, Marco Morales Torres, Ralph Skomski, Shannon Fritz, G. Shelburne, Jeffrey E. Shield, Ming Yin, Stephen O'Brien, Diandra Leslie-Pelecky Apr 2007

Surface Anisotropy And Magnetic Freezing Of Mno Nanoparticles, Marco Morales Torres, Ralph Skomski, Shannon Fritz, G. Shelburne, Jeffrey E. Shield, Ming Yin, Stephen O'Brien, Diandra Leslie-Pelecky

Diandra Leslie-Pelecky Publications

Nanoparticles of bulk antiferromagnets often exhibit ferromagnetic behavior due to uncompensated surface spins. The peak temperature in the zero-field-cooled magnetization of MnO—in contrast to other antiferromagnetic nanoparticles—has anomalous behavior, shifting to higher temperatures with decreasing nanoparticle size. We attribute this behavior to surface anisotropy enhanced by the specific occupancy of 3d levels in Mn, which produces a high-spin–low-spin transition not present in NiO nanoparticles.

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Slow Turning Reveals Enormous Quadrupolar Interactions (Streaqi), John Persons, Gerard S. Harbison Apr 2007

Slow Turning Reveals Enormous Quadrupolar Interactions (Streaqi), John Persons, Gerard S. Harbison

Gerard Harbison Publications

We introduce a new solid-state NMR method, which uses very slow sample rotation to visualize NMR spectra whose width exceeds feasible spectrometer bandwidths. It is based on the idea that if we reorient a tensor by a known angle about a known axis, the shifts in the NMR frequencies observed across the spectral width allow us to reconstruct the entire tensor. Called STREAQI (Slow Turning Reveals Enormous Anisotropic Quadrupolar Interactions), this method allows us to probe NMR nuclei that are intractable to current methods. To prove the concept and demonstrate its promise we have implemented the method for several 79Br …

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Tantangan Pencapaian Millenium Development Goals (Mdgs) Bidang Kesehatan Di Indonesia, Budi Utomo Apr 2007

Tantangan Pencapaian Millenium Development Goals (Mdgs) Bidang Kesehatan Di Indonesia, Budi Utomo

Kesmas

Laporan pemerintah tentang pencapaian MDGs di Indonesia sampai tahun 2002 merefleksikan komitmen dalam mensejahterakan rakyat. Kesehatan yang dijabarkan dalam berbagai indikator tujuan 4, 5, dan 6 dilaporkan membaik. Tulisan ini menelaah status pencapaian, mencari penjelasan latar belakang pencapaian, dan menilai prospek pencapaian MDGs utamanya bidang kesehatan. Hasil telaah menunjukkan sebagian besar indikator kesehatan membaik, tetapi lamban. Walau menurun, angka kematian ibu dan anak masih tinggi. Penyakit infeksi dan masalah gizi masih prevalen. Akses masyarakat terhadap pelayanan kesehatan masih rendah. Biaya masih menjadi penghambat utama pelayanan kesehatan bagi mereka yang membutuhkan. Program pemberantasan penyakit menular, termasuk HIV/AIDS, malaria, dan TB masih …

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Potret Buram Pelayanan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia Di Indonesia, Indang Trihandini Apr 2007

Potret Buram Pelayanan Kesehatan Lanjut Usia Di Indonesia, Indang Trihandini

Kesmas

Jumlah dan proporsi kelompok lanjut usia (lansia) di seluruh dunia, terus meningkat, dan cenderung menjadi masalah kesehatan dan sosial sehingga mendapat perhatian dan dukungan yang serius. Resolusi PBB no 46/ 1991, 16 Desember 1991 menghimbau agar seluruh negara di dunia memberikan hak yang layak kepada kelompok lansia. Di Indonesia, populasi lansia pada tahun 2000 (17,2 juta) meningkat 3 kali lebih besar dari pada tahun 1970 (5,3 juta). Pada tahun 2020, jumlah dan proporsi kelompok lansia di Indonesia diprediksi akan mencapai 28 juta jiwa dan 9,5%. Aspek legal telah menempatkan lansia Indonesia pada tempat yang respek dan terhormat, tetapi, kenyataan memperlihatkan …

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Bayesian Spatial Modeling Of Fmri Data: A Multiple-Subject Analysis, Lei Xu, Timothy Johnson, Thomas Nichols Apr 2007

Bayesian Spatial Modeling Of Fmri Data: A Multiple-Subject Analysis, Lei Xu, Timothy Johnson, Thomas Nichols

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The aim of this work is to develop a spatial model for multi-subject fMRI data. While there has been much work on univariate modeling of each voxel for single- and multi-subject data, and some work on spatial modeling for single-subject data, there has been no work on spatial models that explicitly account for intersubject variability in activation location. We use a Bayesian hierarchical spatial model to fit the data. At the first level we model "population centers" that mark the centers of regions of activation. For a given population center each subject may have zero or more associated "individual components". …

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Passwords For Everyone: Secure Mnemonic-Based Accessible Authentication, Umut Topkara, Mercan Topkara, Mikhail J. Atallah Apr 2007

Passwords For Everyone: Secure Mnemonic-Based Accessible Authentication, Umut Topkara, Mercan Topkara, Mikhail J. Atallah

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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The Square Root Function Of A Matrix, Crystal Monterz Gordon Apr 2007

The Square Root Function Of A Matrix, Crystal Monterz Gordon

Mathematics Theses

Having origins in the increasingly popular Matrix Theory, the square root function of a matrix has received notable attention in recent years. In this thesis, we discuss some of the more common matrix functions and their general properties, but we specifically explore the square root function of a matrix and the most efficient method (Schur decomposition) of computing it. Calculating the square root of a 2×2 matrix by the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem is highlighted, along with square roots of positive semidefinite matrices and general square roots using the Jordan Canonical Form.

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Manifold Sculpting, Michael S. Gashler Apr 2007

Manifold Sculpting, Michael S. Gashler

Theses and Dissertations

Manifold learning algorithms have been shown to be useful for many applications of numerical analysis. Unfortunately, existing algorithms often produce noisy results, do not scale well, and are unable to benefit from prior knowledge about the expected results. We propose a new algorithm that iteratively discovers manifolds by preserving the local structure among neighboring data points while scaling down the values in unwanted dimensions. This algorithm produces less noisy results than existing algorithms, and it scales better when the number of data points is much larger than the number of dimensions. Additionally, this algorithm is able to benefit from existing …

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Forecasting The Chinese Futures Markets Prices Of Soy Bean And Green Bean Commodities, Kouadio Kouman Dongo Apr 2007

Forecasting The Chinese Futures Markets Prices Of Soy Bean And Green Bean Commodities, Kouadio Kouman Dongo

Mathematics Theses

Using both single and vector processes, we fitted the Box-Jenkin’s ARIMA model and the Vector Autoregressive model following the Johansen approach, to forecast soy bean and green bean prices on the Chinese futures markets. The results are encouraging and provide empirical evidence that the vector processes perform better than the single series. The co-integration test indicated that the null hypothesis of no co-integration among the relevant variables could be rejected. This is one of the most important findings in this paper. The purposes for analyzing and modeling the series jointly are to understand the dynamic relationships over time among the …

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Nicarbazin Ovocontrol G Bait Reduces Hatchability Of Eggs Laid By Resident Canada Geese In Oregon, Kimberly Bynum, John D. Eisemann, Gary C. Weaver, Christi A. Yoder, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Lowell A. Miller Apr 2007

Nicarbazin Ovocontrol G Bait Reduces Hatchability Of Eggs Laid By Resident Canada Geese In Oregon, Kimberly Bynum, John D. Eisemann, Gary C. Weaver, Christi A. Yoder, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Lowell A. Miller

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Expanding populations of resident Canada geese (Branta canadensis) are resulting in increased conflicts with humans. Nonlethal and humane means are needed for managing Canada goose flocks at a variety of sites, including golf courses, industrial parks, government sites, and city parks. Decreased egg production and hatching are side effects of nicarbazin, a veterinary drug used to treat coccidiosis in chickens. Capitalizing on these effects, we developed nicarbazin as a reproductive inhibitor for Canada geese and conducted a field efficacy study. We recruited study sites in 2002 and 2003. Following laboratory testing, we conducted a field efficacy trial of …

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Coupling Down Converted Light Into Single Mode Fibers, David A. Niemi Apr 2007

Coupling Down Converted Light Into Single Mode Fibers, David A. Niemi

Theses and Dissertations

We investigate the influence of the pump and collection mode parameters on the collection efficiency of Type I down converted photons into single mode fibers. For best single and coincidence counting rates, we find that the mode sizes should be close to the same size and that the mode waists should be located near the down-conversion crystal. Larger collection waists give higher collection efficiencies, but lower singles counts.

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2007 - The Twelfth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars Apr 2007

2007 - The Twelfth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars

Symposium of Student Scholars Program Books

The full program book from the Twelfth Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 23, 2007. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.

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On The Removal Of Iron-Peak Nuclei From The Surface Of The Crab Pulsar, Steven J. Vanderveer Apr 2007

On The Removal Of Iron-Peak Nuclei From The Surface Of The Crab Pulsar, Steven J. Vanderveer

Physics & Astronomy Honors Theses

The Crab Nebula contains a number of regions of anomalous elemental abundances, including a large band of nearly pure helium and several pockets that display unusually strong nickel lines. Previous attempts at their explanation have proven unsatisfactory, so we turn our focus to the pulsar which powers the nebula. Following the suggestion that positive ions could be removed from the surface of the central neutron star (rich in iron-peak nuclei), we have examined this possibility within the framework of the Ruderman & Sutherland polar gap magnetospheric model. We identify two processes, surface irradiation by electrons and subsurface electron flows, that, …

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Direct And Indirect Costs Of Rabies Exposure: A Retrospective Study In Southern California (1998–2002), Stephanie A. Shwiff, Ray T. Sterner, Michele T. Jay, Shefali Parikh, Amy Bellomy, Martin I. Meltzer, Charles E. Rupprecht, Dennis Slate Apr 2007

Direct And Indirect Costs Of Rabies Exposure: A Retrospective Study In Southern California (1998–2002), Stephanie A. Shwiff, Ray T. Sterner, Michele T. Jay, Shefali Parikh, Amy Bellomy, Martin I. Meltzer, Charles E. Rupprecht, Dennis Slate

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The direct and indirect costs of suspected human rabies exposure were estimated for San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties, California, USA. Clinic, hospital, and county public health records (1998–2002) were examined to determine direct costs for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), and 55 (41%) former patients were contacted to voluntarily provide estimates of their indirect costs associated with receiving PEP. Additional costs due to public health and animal control personnel responses to rabid animals were collected, including diagnostic testing and wages. The mean total cost of a suspected human rabies exposure was $3,688, the direct costs per case were $2,564, and …

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Big Fences Do Not Make Good Neighbors, David J. Keeling Apr 2007

Big Fences Do Not Make Good Neighbors, David J. Keeling

Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Kinetic Studies Of 6-Halopurine Nucleoside In Snar Reactions; 6-(Azolyl, Alkylthio And Fluoro)-Purine Nucleosides As Substrates For Suzuki Reactions, Jiangqiong Liu Apr 2007

Kinetic Studies Of 6-Halopurine Nucleoside In Snar Reactions; 6-(Azolyl, Alkylthio And Fluoro)-Purine Nucleosides As Substrates For Suzuki Reactions, Jiangqiong Liu

Theses and Dissertations

In chapter 1, we describe development of a mild and efficient method for SNAr iodination of 6-chloropurine 2'-deoxynucleosides and nucleosides. Our studies demonstrate that 6-iodopurine nucleosides are excellent substrates for certain transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. In chapter 2, we describe synthesis of protected 6-fluoro, 6-chloro, 6-bromo and 6-sulfonylpurine nucleosides. Comparisons among 6-fluoro-, 6-chloro-, 6-bromo, 6-iodo and 6-sulfonylpurine nucleosides for SNAr reactions with various N, O and S nucleophiles were investigated. Our results demonstrate that the 6-fluoropurine nucleoside is the best substrate for SNAr reactions among the four 6-halopurine nucleosides with oxygen, sulfur and aliphatic amine nucleophiles, and also with an …

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