Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Simple, Defensible Sample Sizes Based On Cost Efficiency -- With Discussion And Rejoinder, Peter Bacchetti, Charles E. Mcculloch, Mark R. Segal, Richard Simon, Peter Muller, Gary L. Rosner, James A. Hanley, Stan Shapiro

COBRA Preprint Series

The conventional approach of choosing sample size to provide 80% or greater power ignores the cost implications of different sample size choices. Costs, however, are often impossible for investigators and funders to ignore in actual practice. Here, we propose and justify a new approach for choosing sample size based on cost efficiency, the ratio of a study’s projected scientific and/or practical value to its total cost. By showing that a study’s projected value exhibits diminishing marginal returns as a function of increasing sample size for a wide variety of definitions of study value, we are able to develop two simple …

Markov Chain Estimation Of Avian Seasonal Fecundity, Matthew A. Etterson, Richard S. Bennett, Eric L. Kershner, Jeffery W. Walk

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Avian seasonal fecundity is of interest from evolutionary, ecological, and conservation perspectives. However, direct estimation of seasonal fecundity is difficult, especially with multi-brooded birds, and models representing the renesting and quitting processes are usually required. To explore the consequences of modeling decisions on inference about avian seasonal fecundity, we generalize previous Markov chain (MC) models of avian nest success to formulate two different MC models of avian seasonal fecundity that represent two different ways to model renesting decisions and breeding cessation. We parameterize both Markov chains (regular and absorbing) for two species (Eastern Meadowlark, Sturnella magna, and Dickcissel, Spiza …

Two-Loop Soft Anomalous Dimensions And Next-To-Next-To-Leading-Logarithm Resummation For Heavy Quark Production, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I present results for two-loop soft anomalous dimensions for heavy quark production which control soft-gluon resummation at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithm accuracy. I derive an explicit expression for the exact result and study it numerically for top quark production via e(+) e(-) -> t (t) over bar t, and I construct a surprisingly simple but very accurate approximation. I show that the two-loop soft anomalous dimensions with massive quarks display a simple proportionality relation to the one-loop result only in the limit of vanishing quark mass. I also discuss the extension of the calculation to single top and top pair production in hadron …

The Challenges Of Global Warming And China-Us Response, Xiaoyan Jiang

Conference on “Improving the Human Destiny"

As the home to 1/3 of the world’s population and 1/4 of the global GDP, China and the United States might most likely become the origin of 60% of the global carbon emissions in next 30 years. For the most part, they are central to preserving the Earth for this and future generations. The United States is the biggest polluter with 5.8 billion tonnes, followed by China with 5.1 billion tonnes. Global maps, produced by risk specialists Maplecroft, show the United States and China to bear about 90% of this burden and be the countries most susceptible to economic losses. …

The Activity And Variability Of The Sun And Sun-Like Stars. Ii. Contemporaneous Photometry And Spectroscopy Of Bright Solar Analogs, Jeffrey C. Hall, Gregory W. Henry, G. Wesley Lockwood, Brian A. Skiff, Steven H. Saar

Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications

We present 14 years of contemporaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations of 28 solar analog stars, taken with the Tennessee State University Automatic Photometric Telescopes at Fairborn Observatory and the Solar-Stellar Spectrograph at Lowell Observatory. These are the best observed and most nearly Sun-like of the targets in our magnitude-limited (V ⩽  7.5) sample. The correlations between luminosity and activity reveal the expected inverse activity–brightness correlations for active stars. Strong direct correlations between activity and brightness are not prevalent for the less active solar age stars, but are precision limited. The Sun does not appear to have unusually low photometric variability …

The Ionization Balance Of A Non-Equilibrium Plasma, Gary J. Ferland

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Commentary on: Arnaud M. and Rothenflug R., 1985, A&AS, 60, 425.

Distributed Energy-Efficient Solutions For Area Coverage Problems In Wireless Sensor Networks, Chinh Trung Vu

Computer Science Dissertations

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently attracted a great deal of attention due to their numerous attractive applications in many different fields. Sensors and WSNs possess a number of special characteristics that make them very promising in a wide range of applications, but they also put on them lots of constraints that make issues in sensor network particularly challenging. These issues may include topology control, routing, coverage, security, data management and many others. Among them, coverage problem is one of the most fundamental ones for which a WSN has to watch over the environment such as a forest (area coverage) …

Fair Model Checking With Process Counter Abstraction, Jun Sun, Yang Liu, Abhik Roychoudhury, Shanshan Liu, Jin Song Dong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Parameterized systems are characterized by the presence of a large (or even unbounded) number of behaviorally similar processes, and they often appear in distributed/concurrent systems. A common state space abstraction for checking parameterized systems involves not keeping track of process identifiers by grouping behaviorally similar processes. Such an abstraction, while useful, conflicts with the notion of fairness. Because process identifiers are lost in the abstraction, it is difficult to ensure fairness (in terms of progress in executions) among the processes. In this work, we study the problem of fair model checking with process counter abstraction. Even without maintaining the process …

Model Checking Linearizability Via Refinement, Yang Liu, Wei Chen, Yanhong A. Liu, Jun Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Linearizability is an important correctness criterion for implementations of concurrent objects. Automatic checking of linearizability is challenging because it requires checking that 1) all executions of concurrent operations be serializable, and 2) the serialized executions be correct with respect to the sequential semantics. This paper describes a new method to automatically check linearizability based on refinement relations from abstract specifications to concrete implementations. Our method avoids the often difficult task of determining linearization points in implementations, but can also take advantage of linearization points if they are given. The method exploits model checking of finite state systems specified as concurrent …

Evolution Of Minesoils At A Coal Waste Pile: A Case Study From Rosice-Oslavany (Czech Republic), Martin Ivanov, Jiri Faimon, Petr Jarmara, Lubomir Pesak

Studia UBB Geologia

Mine soil development at abandoned coal waste pile (Kukla-Václav Nosek mine, Oslavany) represents a possibility to study initial stages of pedogenetic process. Seven soil profiles were uncovered by digging pits at the base and on the slopes and top of the waste pile. Several conclusions concerning soil development at waste pile are possible on the basis of soil profiles description and basic chemistry: 1. Intensive humification was the main pedogenetic process in the initial stages of mine soil evolution at the Kukla waste pile. There is no translocation of clay minerals even in the soil profiles evolving for about 60 …

Culture And Landslide Risk In The Central Andes Of Bolivia And Peru, Nicholas Roberts

Studia UBB Geologia

Culture and its heritage play a major role in determining landslide risk in the Central Andes. Examples of some of these many possible influences are provided from natural and social science literature and from the author’s recent work in Bolivia. Landslide risk appears to have generally increased throughout the last millennium, due largely to anthropogenic modification of hazard, exposure, vulnerability and coping capacity. These changes result from both local and distant pressures and from contemporaneous and pervious cultural factors. Consequently, holistic examination of landslide risk necessitates consideration of culture and its heritage.

Natural And Historic Heritage Of The Bochnia Salt Mine (South Poland), Janusz Wiewiorka, Krzysztof Dudek, Józef Charkot, Małgorzata Gonera

Studia UBB Geologia

The Bochnia Salt Mine, presented in this paper, is situated ca. 40 km E of Cracow, in the southern part of the Neogene Carpathian Foredeep, close to the Carpathian edge. In this region the rock-salt deposits formed as a result of the Late Miocene folding and local tectonic thickening of Badenian evaporites. The Bochnia deposit, situated in the almost vertical N limb of the Bochnia Anticline, stretches ca. 7 km WE, but only 15-200 m NS. Salt mining in Bochnia began in the thirteenth c. and continued until 1990. The historic part of the mine, since 1995 operated by a …

Roşia Montană Cultural Heritage In The Context Of A New Mining Development, Adrian Gligor, Calin Tamas

Studia UBB Geologia

The Roşia Montană Project represents a responsible mining project in progress in the Apuseni Mountains, Romania. It is the first mining project developed in Romania according to up-to-date Romanian and international (EU) standards. Besides specific geological and mining aspects, the Project comprises various other aspects concerning the culture and the community. The present paper presents the cultural heritage of Roşia Montană in the framework of the new mining development proposed by Roşia Montană Gold Corporation.

Baia Mare Geological And Mining Park – A Potential New Geopark In The Northwestern Part Of Romania, Marinel Kovacs, Alexandrina Fülöp

Studia UBB Geologia

The Baia Mare region is a very well known mining area, with an excellently studied regional geology in Romania. The geological heritage has been strongly incorporated in the economic and social development of the region which is now subject to the cease of the mining-based activities. The natural heritage, as well as the historical and cultural values of the region, will contribute substantially to the future development. The region of Baia Mare has a high potential for founding a new Geopark in the Gutâi Mts. volcanic area. The main geological, mining/archaeological/historical, ecological and cultural issues of the Baia Mare region …

Archaeometric Comparison Between The Neolithic Pottery Of Different Cultures At The Archaeological Site Of Alba Iulia (Transylvania, Romania), Bruno Fabbri, Mihai Gligor, Sabrina Gualtieri, Simona Varvara

Studia UBB Geologia

A large quantity of pottery has been discovered at the Lumea Nouă Neolithic and Eneolithic settlement in Alba Iulia City (Romania). It belongs to different cultures, and in this paper a comparison among three of them is made: Vinča, Lumea Nouă and Foeni. An analogous number of samples has been selected for each of the three cultures, together with some clay samples collected in the Alba Iulia settlement area. The samples have been analysed by means of XRF, XRPD, and in thin section. Significant differences among the three cultures are only related to the alkalis contents. The Lumea Nouă pottery …

Dimension Stones Of The Old City Wall Of Cluj-Napoca, Romania – An Overview On History, Mapping, Weathering, And Damages, Paul Calin Racataianu, Roman Koch

Studia UBB Geologia

The dimension stones used in the construction of the Old City Wall of Cluj-Napoca, Romania are Eocene limestones, which were quarried in close vicinity of Cluj. Different facies types reveal different weathering features. The weathering processes are complex and the weathering features vary markedly depending on the rock types, composition, weather conditions, geographical position, moisture/dry cycles, position in the building, and exposure to pollutants. The internationally accepted non-destructive method of mapping conjunctively with the new method of determining the “damage indices” allow a precise classification and evaluation of the rock types and damages and also an overview on the development …

Teaching Principal Plate Tectonic Processes By Means Of Analogue Modeling, Hans-Peter Steyrer

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Deep Time In Geoscience Education: Linking ‘Interest’, ‘Threshold Concepts’, And ‘Self-Determination Theory’, Roger Trend

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Why We Do It – The University Of South Florida Tampa Library’S Commitment To Open-Access Publishing, Todd Chavez

Studia UBB Geologia

No abstract provided.

Computer Intensive Methods Lecture 5, Shuangge Ma

Shuangge Ma

No abstract provided.

Evolutionary Solutions And Internet Applications For Algorithmic Game Theory, Christine Chung

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The growing pervasiveness of the internet has created a new class of algorithmic problems: those in which the strategic interaction of autonomous, self-interested entities must be accounted for. So motivated, we seek to (1) use game theoretic models and techniques to study practical problems in load balancing, data streams and internet traffic congestion, and (2) demonstrate the usefulness of evolutionary game theory’s adaptive model as an analytical and evaluative tool.

First we consider the evolutionary game theory concept of stochastic stability, and propose the price of stochastic anarchy as an alternative to the price of anarchy for quantifying the cost …

Data For Cybersecurity Research: Process And ‘Wish List’, Jean Camp, Lorrie Cranor, Nick Feamster, Joan Feigenbaum, Stephanie Forrest, David Kotz, Wenke Lee, Patrick Lincoln, Vern Paxson, Mike Reiter, Ron Rivest, William Sanders, Stefan Savage, Sean Smith, Eugene Spafford, Sal Stolfo

Other Faculty Materials

This document identifies data needs of the security research community. This document is in response to a request for a “data wish list”. Because specific data needs will evolve in conjunction with evolving threats and research problems, we augment the wish list with commentary about some of the broader issues for data usage.

Science Tools To Implement Ecosystem Based Management In Massachusetts (Draft), Mrag Americas, Incorporated, Massachusetts Ocean Partnership, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Urban Harbors Institute, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Urban Harbors Institute Publications

In this report we provide a framework for implementing ecosystem based management (EBM) and suggest a range of science information tools and their appropriate application to the decision making process. These tools can be broadly classified as modeling tools, decision analysis tools, and indicators. Modeling tools allow the user to organize data, communicate scientific findings to management and stakeholder audiences, and test alternative management scenarios. When used unwisely, however, models can preclude options, present unusable scenarios, generate results in scales that differ from management needs, and impose huge time, data, and technical requirements (Manno et al., 2008). Decision analysis tools …

Biochemical And Spectroscopic Characterization Of Tryptophan Oxygenation: Tryptophan 2, 3-Dioxygenase And Maug, Rong Fu

Chemistry Dissertations

TDO utilizes b-type heme as a cofactor to activate dioxygen and insert two oxygen atoms into free L-tryptophan. We revealed two unidentified enzymatic activities of ferric TDO from Ralstonia metallidurans, which are peroxide driven oxygenation and catalase-like activity. The stoichiometric titration suggests that two moles of H2O2 were required for the production of one mole of N-formylkynurenine. We have also observed monooxygenated-L-tryptophan. Three enzyme-based intermediates were sequentially detected in the peroxide oxidation of ferric TDO in the absence of L-Trp including compound I-type and compound ES-type Fe-oxo species. The Fe(IV) intermediates had an unusually large quadrupole splitting parameter of 1.76(2) …

Capabilities Of The Ims Seismic Auxiliary Network, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Ctbt Space-Based Monitoring: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar And National Technical Means, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Predator-Induced Plasticity In Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma Maculatum), Laurel A. Dwyer

Honors Scholar Theses

The ability to respond plastically to the environment has allowed amphibians to evolve adaptive responses to spatial and temporal variation in predation threat. However, animals exposed to predators may also show costs of plasticity or tradeoffs. This study examines predator-induced plasticity in larval development, behavior, and metamorphosis in the spotted salamander, Ambystoma maculatum. Salamanders were raised in two treatments: with predator cues (a fish predator, genus Lepomis, on the other side of a divided tank), or without predator cues. During the larval stage the predator treatment group experienced higher mortality rates than the no-predator treatment group. Behavioral trials revealed that …

Open Discovery Of Library Resources: The Digital Library Federation's Ils-Discovery Interface Recommendations, John Mark Ockerbloom

John Mark Ockerbloom

A NISO webinar presentation on the ILS-DI work, its design, its implementation, and its future. Based in part on my ALA talk in January, but reworked and updated. The PDF file includes both slides and my speaker's script. (My actual remarks in the live presentation differed slightly in places.)

Reading: Simulate Multivariate Distribution, Shuangge Ma

Shuangge Ma

No abstract provided.

Computer Intensive Methods Lecture 4, Shuangge Ma

Shuangge Ma

No abstract provided.