Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Adomian Decomposition Method For Solving The Equation Governing The Unsteady Flow Of A Polytropic Gas, M. A. Mohamed

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this article, we have discussed a new application of Adomian decomposition method on nonlinear physical equations. The models of interest in physics are considered and solved by means of Adomian decomposition method. The behavior of Adomian solutions and the effects of different values of time are investigated. Numerical illustrations that include nonlinear physical models are investigated to show the pertinent features of the technique.

Some Results On Renewal Process With Erlang Interarrival Times, A. Varsei, H. Samimi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper develops the probability functions of a renewal process, whose interarrival times are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables with Erlang distribution. The results are obtained and proved through relation between Poisson and Erlang and between Beta and Binomial distributions. The distribution of the number of renewals in A =[a,b), 0 ≤ a ≤ b, and its expectation and their numerical values are given in the form of tables. An example is presented, to show the application.

Linear Stability Of Thermosolutal Convection In A Micropolar Fluid Saturating A Porous Medium, R Reena, U. S. Rana

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In the present paper, the theoretical investigation of the double-diffusive convection in a micropolar fluid layer heated and soluted from below saturating a porous medium is considered. For a flat fluid layer contained between two free boundaries, an exact solution is obtained. A linear stability analysis theory and normal mode analysis method have been used. For the case of stationary convection, the effect of various parameters like medium permeability, solute gradient and micropolar parameters (i.e., coupling parameter, spin diffusion parameter, micropolar heat conduction parameter and micropolar solute parameter arises due to coupling between spin and solute fluxes) has been analyzed …

Variational Iteration Method For Solving Telegraph Equations, Syed T. Mohyud-Din, Muhammad A. Noor, Khalida I. Noor

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we apply the variational iteration method (VIM) for solving telegraph equations, which arise in the propagation of electrical signals along a telegraph line. The suggested algorithm is more efficient and easier to handle as compare to the decomposition method. Numerical results show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed VIM.

Stochastic Simulation And Analysis Of Biomolecular Reaction Networks, John M. Frazier, Yaroslov Chushak, Brent Foy

Physics Faculty Publications

Background: In recent years, several stochastic simulation algorithms have been developed to generate Monte Carlo trajectories that describe the time evolution of the behavior of biomolecular reaction networks. However, the effects of various stochastic simulation and data analysis conditions on the observed dynamics of complex biomolecular reaction networks have not recieved much attention. In order to investigate these issues, we employed a a software package developed in out group, called Biomolecular Network Simulator (BNS), to simulate and analyze the behavior of such systems. The behavior of a hypothetical two gene in vitro transcription-translation reaction network is investigated using the Gillespie …

Review Of Applied Spatial Data Analysis With R By R. S. Bivand, E. J. Pebesma, And V. Gomez-Rubio, Jay M. Ver Hoef

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Most authors struggle to pick a title that adequately conveys all of the material covered in a book. When I first saw Applied Spatial Data Analysis with R, I expected a review of spatial statistical models and their applications in packages (libraries) from the CRAN site of R. The authors’ title is not misleading, but I was very pleasantly surprised by how deep the word “applied” is here. The first half of the book essentially covers how R handles spatial data. To some statisticians this may be boring. Do you want, or need, to know the difference between S3 and …

Status Of Western Gray Whales Off Northeastern Sakhalin Island, Russia, In 2008, Alexander M. Burdin, Grigory A. Tsidulko, Maxim Sidorenko, Amanda L. Bradford, David W. Weller, Robert L. Brownell Jr.

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

A collaborative Russia-U.S. research program on western gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) summering off northeastern Sakhalin Island, Russia, has been ongoing since 1995 and has produced important information on the present day conservation status of this critically endangered population. This paper reviews findings from 2008 research activities and combines such with data from previous years, in some cases ranging back to an opportunistic survey in 1994. Photo-identification research conducted off Sakhalin Island in 2008 resulted in the identification of 45 whales, including three calves. No previously unidentified non-calves were observed. When combined with data from 1994-2007, a catalog of …

Worldwide Review Of Pygmy Killer Whales, Feresa Attenuate, Mass Strandings Reveals Taiwan Hot Spot, Robert L. Brownell Jr., C.-J. Yao, Chia-Shan Lee, Ming-Chih Wang

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Pygmy killer whales, Feresa attentuata, are known worldwide from tropical to warm-temperate waters. The first recorded mass stranding event (MSE) of this species occurred in January 1968 in South Africa. We documented 16 MSEs to April 2006 in Bali, Indonesia. The number of animals involved in these MSEs ranged from 3 to 28, but most MSEs were less than eight animals. Taiwan was identified as a major hot spot for these MSEs with 25% of the events occurring since 1995 in a relatively small section of coastline in the south-west. Three additional near MSEs were documented from Taiwan between …

Cholesterol Levels And Activity Of Membrane Bound Proteins: Characterization By Thermal And Electrochemical Methods, Noufissa Zanati, Michael Ellen Mathews, Perera N. Indika, John J. Moran, Jean A. Boutros, Alan T. Riga, Mekki Bayachou

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The long-term goal of this investigation is to study the effects of increased cholesterol levels on the molecular activity of membrane-bound enzymes such as nitric oxide synthase, that are critical in the functioning of the cardiovascular system. In this particular investigation, we used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric thermal analysis (DETA) to study the effect of added cholesterol on melting/recrystallization and dielectric behavior, respectively, of phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayered thin films. We also used electrochemical methods to investigate the effect of added cholesterol on the redox behavior of the oxygenase domain of nitric oxide synthase as a probe embedded in …

Cutting A Pie Is Not A Piece Of Cake, J. B. Barbanel, S. J. Brams, Walter Stromquist

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Circular Nonlinear Subdivision Schemes For Curve Design, Jian-Ao Lian, Yonghui Wang, Yonggao Yang

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Two new families of nonlinear 3-point subdivision schemes for curve design are introduced. The first family is ternary interpolatory and the second family is binary approximation. All these new schemes are circular-invariant, meaning that new vertices are generated from local circles formed by three consecutive old vertices. As consequences of the nonlinear schemes, two new families of linear subdivision schemes for curve design are established. The 3-point linear binary schemes, which are corner-cutting depending on the choices of the tension parameter, are natural extensions of the Lane-Riesenfeld schemes. The four families of both nonlinear and linear subdivision schemes are implemented …

Effects Of Hematocrit On Impedance And Shear Stress During Stenosed Artery Catheterization, V. P. Srivastava, Rati Rastogi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The flow of blood through a stenosed catheterized artery has been studied. To observe the effects of hematocrit, blood has been represented by a two-phase macroscopic model (i.e., a suspension of red cells in plasma). It is found that for any given catheter size, the impedance increases with hematocrit and also for a given hematocrit, the same increases with the catheter size. In the stenotic region, the wall shear stress increases in the upstream of the stenosis throat and decreases in the downstream in an uncatheterized artery but the same possesses an opposite character in the case of a catheterized …

Analytical Solution For Nonlinear Gas Dynamic Equation By Homotopy Analysis Method, Hossein Jafari, Changbum Chun, S. Seifi, M. Saeidy

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) is used to implement the homogeneous gas dynamic equation. The analytical solution of this equation is calculated in form of a series with easily computable components.

Stability Of An Age-Structured Seir Epidemic Model With Infectivity In Latent Period, Xue-Zhi Li, Bin Fang

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We study an age-structured SEIR epidemic model with infectivity in the latent period. By using the theory and methods of Differential and Integral Equations, the explicit expression for the basic reproductive number R₀ is first derived. It is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable if R₀ < 1. It is then proved that only one endemic equilibrium exists if R₀ > 1 and its stability conditions are also given.

Holocene Lake-Level Trends In The Rocky Mountains, Usa, Bryan Shuman, Anna K. Henderson, Steven M. Colman, Jeffery R. Stone, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Lora R. Stevens, Mitchell J. Power, Cathy Whitlock

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The availability of water shapes life in the western United States, and much of the water in the region originates in the Rocky Mountains. Few studies, however, have explicitly examined the history of water levels in the Rocky Mountains during the Holocene. Here, we examine the past levels of three lakes near the Continental Divide in Montana and Colorado to reconstruct Holocene moisture trends. Using transects of sediment cores and sub-surface geophysical profiles from each lake, we find that mid-Holocene shorelines in the small lakes (4–110 ha) were as much as ~10 m below the modern lake surfaces. Our results …

Web Based Classes For Enhancement Of Prelaboratory Lectures, Tiffany Hesser, Michael Collura

Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications

The use of web classes, such as Tegrity Campus1, as a supplement to pre laboratory reading or a replacement for pre laboratory lectures could become a standard tool in laboratory education protocol. In classes with multiple lab sections and instructors, pre laboratory lectures can lack consistency and it can be difficult to gauge the students’ level of preparation. With the ever increasing exposure to technology, students generally prefer information in a digital and multimedia form, rather than textbook readings. Therefore, this method can prove to better prepare students prior to laboratory experiments, increasing the overall understanding of the chemical reactions …

Applying Computational Models Of Spatial Prepositions To Visually Situated Dialog, John D. Kelleher, Fintan Costello

Articles

This article describes the application of computational models of spatial prepositions to visually situated dialog systems. In these dialogs, spatial prepositions are important because people often use them to refer to entities in the visual context of a dialog. We first describe a generic architecture for a visually situated dialog system and highlight the interactions between the spatial cognition module, which provides the interface to the models of prepositional semantics, and the other components in the architecture. Following this, we present two new computational models of topological and projective spatial prepositions. The main novelty within these models is the fact …

Search For Gravitational Waves From Low Mass Binary Coalescences In The First Year Of Ligo's S5 Data, Benjamin P. Abbott, Marco Cavaglia, For Full List Of Authors, See Publisher's Website.

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have searched for gravitational waves from coalescing low mass compact binary systems with a total mass between 2M_⊙ and 35M_⊙ and a minimum component mass of 1M_⊙ using data from the first year of the fifth science run of the three LIGO detectors, operating at design sensitivity. Depending on the mass, we are sensitive to coalescences as far as 150 Mpc from the Earth. No gravitational-wave signals were observed above the expected background. Assuming a population of compact binary objects with a Gaussian mass distribution representing binary neutron star systems, black hole-neutron star …

Fission Processes Following Core Level Excitation In Closo-1,2-Orthocarborane, E. Rühl, A. P. Hitchcock, J. D. Bozek, T. Tyliszczak, A. L. D. Kilcoyne, D. N. Mcilroy, A. Knop-Gericke, Peter A. Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

Time-of-flight mass analysis with multi-stop coincidence detection was used to study the multi-cation ionic fragmentation of the closo carborane cage molecule closo-1,2-orthocarborane (C₂B₁₀H₁₂) following inner-shell excitation in or above the B 1s regime. Electron ion coincidence spectra reveal the cationic products which are formed after core level excitation. Distinct changes in fragmentation pattern are observed as a function of excitation energy. Photoelectron–photoion– photoion coincidence (PEPIPICO) spectroscopy was used to study the dominant fission routes in the core level excitation regime. Series of ion pairs are identified, where asymmetric fission dominates, leading to ion pairs …

Generation Of Mie Size Microdroplet Aerosols With Applications In Laser-Driven Fusion Experiments, Andrew P. Higginbotham '09, O. Semonin '06, S. Bruce '08, C. Chan '08, M. Maindi '07, Thomas D. Donnelly, M. Maurer, W. Bang, I. Churina, J. Osterholz, I. Kim, A. C. Bernstein, T. Ditmire

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

We have developed a tunable source of Mie scale microdroplet aerosols that can be used for the generation of energetic ions. To demonstrate this potential, a terawatt Ti:Al₂O₃ laser focused to 2×10¹⁹ W/cm² was used to irradiate heavy water (D₂O) aerosols composed of micron-scale droplets. Energetic deuterium ions, which were generated in the laser-droplet interaction, produced deuterium-deuterium fusion with approximately 2×10³ fusion neutrons measured per joule of incident laser energy.

A Machine-Learning Algorithm For Estimating And Ranking The Impact Of Environmental Risk Factors In Exploratory Epidemiological Studies, Jessica G. Young, Alan E. Hubbard, B Eskenazi, Nicholas P. Jewell

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Residual-Based Estimation Of Peer And Link Lifetimes In P2p Networks, Xiaoming Wang, Zhongmei Yao, Dmitri Loguinov

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Existing methods of measuring lifetimes in P2P systems usually rely on the so-called Create-BasedMethod (CBM), which divides a given observation window into two halves and samples users ldquocreatedrdquo in the first half every Delta time units until they die or the observation period ends. Despite its frequent use, this approach has no rigorous accuracy or overhead analysis in the literature. To shed more light on its performance, we first derive a model for CBM and show that small window size or large Delta may lead to highly inaccurate lifetime distributions. We then show that create-based sampling exhibits an inherent …

Mferio: The Design And Evaluation Of A Peer-To-Peer Mobile Payment System, Rajesh Krishna Balan, Narayanasamy Ramasubbu, Komsit Prakobphol, Nicolas Christin, Jason Hong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of a near-field communication-based mobile p2p payment application, called mFe-rio, that is designed to replace cash-based transactions. We first identify design criteria that payment systems should satisfy and then explain how mFerio, relative to those criteria, improves on the limitations of cash-based systems. We next describe mFerio's implementation and user interface design, focusing on the balance between usability and security. Finally, we present the results of a two-phase user study, involving a total of 104 people, that shows that mFerio has low cognitive load and is also fast, accurate, and easy …

Chemchains: A Platform For Simulation And Analysis Of Biochemical Networks Aimed To Laboratory Scientists, Tomáš Helikar, Jim A. Rogers

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Background: New mathematical models of complex biological structures and computer simulation software allow modelers to simulate and analyze biochemical systems in silico and form mathematical predictions. Due to this potential predictive ability, the use of these models and software has the possibility to compliment laboratory investigations and help refine, or even develop, new hypotheses. However, the existing mathematical modeling techniques and simulation tools are often difficult to use by laboratory biologists without training in high-level mathematics, limiting their use to trained modelers. Results: We have developed a Boolean network-based simulation and analysis software tool, ChemChains, which combines the advantages of …

Development Of Renal Phantoms For The Evaluation Of Current And Emerging Ultrasound Technology, Deirdre King

Doctoral

The primary aim of this project was to develop novel anatomically realistic renal phantoms for the evaluation of current and emerging ultrasound techniques capable of diagnosing all grades of renal artery stenosis. Renal artery stenosis is considered the most common cause of potentially curable secondary hypertension which if left untreated can lead to renal failure. Its early detection is very important as it offers the possibility of various drug treatments, which are considerably less invasive and poses less risk to the patient. Computer-aided modelling techniques were used to generate a range of anatomically realistic phantoms of the renal artery from …

An Ontological Representation Of Time Series Observations On The Semantic Sensor Web, Cory Andrew Henson, Holger Neuhaus, Amit P. Sheth, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Rajkumar Buyya

Kno.e.sis Publications

Time series observations are a common method of collecting sensor data. The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) provides a standard representation for time series observations within the Observations and Measurements language, and therefore is in heavy use on the Sensor Web. By providing a common model, Observations and Measurements (O&M) facilitates syntax-level integration, but lacks the ability to facilitate semantic-level integration. This inability can cause problems with interoperability between disparate sensor networks that may have subtle variations in their sensing methods. An ontological representation of time series observations could provide a more expressive model and resolve problems …

Trykipedia: Collaborative Bio-Ontology Development Using Wiki Environment, Pramod Anantharam, Satya S. Sahoo, Brent Weatherly, Flora Logan, Raghava Mutharaju, Amit P. Sheth, Rick L. Tarleton

Kno.e.sis Publications

Biomedical ontology development is an intensely collaborative process between biology experts and computer scientists. With the proliferation of ontology based approach to solve informatics problems in biological domain, there is a need for collaborative environment that is intuitive and widely accepted for modeling the ontology.

Spontaneously Generated Atomic Entanglement In Free Space Reinforced By Incoherent Pumping, Ling Zhou, Gou Hui Yang, Anil K. Patnaik

Physics Faculty Publications

We study spontaneously generated entanglement (SGE) between two identical multilevel atoms in free space via vacuum-induced radiative coupling. We show that the SGE in two-atom systems may initially increase with time but eventually vanishes in the time scale determined by the excited-state lifetime and radiative coupling strength between the two atoms. We demonstrate that steady-state SGE can be established by incoherently pumping the atoms to their excited states. We have shown that an appropriate rate of incoherent pump can help in producing optimal steady-state SGE. The multilevel systems offer us more channels to establish entanglement. The system under consideration can …

Evaluation Of Silica Sol-Gel Microcapsule For The Controlled Release Of Insect Repellent, N,N-Diethyl-2-Methoxybenzamide, On Cotton, Ann Shireen Chan, Judy Del Valle, Kendricks Lao, Christian Malapit, Modesto Tan Chua, Regina C. So

Chemistry Faculty Publications

N,N-diethyl-2-methoxybenzamide, an insect repellent compound, was incorporated into cotton textile using the sol-gel method. Evaluation of the results of four different sol-gel formulations showed that a lower condensation rate resulted in significantly better encapsulation. Also investigated was the encapsulation in the presence of other polymers like polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) that prolong the release of the repellent. The sol-gel formulation, SiO2 : polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (1:0.8), gave smooth fabric and good encapsulation of the insect repellent compound. PS and PVA resulted in cloths which are aesthetically undesirable. Cloths coated with sol-gel PVA gave the best repellent release …

Anthropometric Parameters Of Under-Five Years Old Children With Different Dietary Habits In Ukambani Region : A Study In Eastern Rural Kenya, Hellen M. Ndiku

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The objective of this descriptive cross sectional study was to assess dietary intake and nutritional status of children under-five years in two rural sites of Eastern Kenya where the staple cereals may differ. A modified rapid, knowledge, practice and coverage (KPC) questionnaire and a 24-hr dietary recall form were used to collect the data. A total of 403 households were surveyed from four randomly selected divisions. This yielded 629 surrogate 24-hr dietary recalls of children < 5 years with 314 from Mwingi district and 315 from Makueni district (49 % boys and 51 % girls).

Statistical analysis was done using SPSS and SAS. Comparison of means was done using t- test and chi square was used for proportions. The 24-hr …